Bishop Urges No Delay
In School Aid Problem
WOODSFIELD, Ohio — (NC) —
The question of the constitutional
ity of federal aid to private schools
should not be set aside but should
be tackled without delay. Bishop
' John King Mussio of Steubenville
said here.
He told a deanery Holy Name
Society workshop (March 11) that
the key principle involved in the
issue is the matter of equal rights
for all Americans.
“I cannot understand,” said the
bishop, “why we delay a solution
to the problem which reflects
gravely upon the service to Amer
ica of a school system which his
torically has proven its public
function, and which “certainly has
established its curriculum of secu
lar subjects as taught in Catholic
schools.”
“What profit is there in divid
ing our people on a subject so
touching in its implications? It
isn’t a matter of federal aid, rather
it is a principle of equal rights
in matters American.”
“Freedom of conscience is guar
anteed to all Americans,” Bishop
Mussio continued. “But if parents
cannot pay the cost of a God-cen
tered education because of the fail
ure of federal support, then they
are forced to send their children
to schools without religious train
ing.
This would be a violation of
their conscience forced upon them
by federal policy. They would have
to pay for the exercise of that
privilege of freedom of conscience
guaranteed to them by the consti
tution ... it would seem some
thing of that spirit which says
‘here it is: try and get it.’ ”
The bishop said the fact that
Catholic schools add to a state-re
quired curriculum a religious tone
“does not detract but rather adds
to the measure of (their) public
service.”
“The sooner we get to the idea
that all schools which meet gov
ernment standards for proper
teaching of secular subjects are
part of the public educational sys
tem of this country,” the Bishop
concluded, “the sooner we will
find educational cooperation the
key to most of the problems which
confront us today.”
New Cardinals to Aid Cause
Of World Peace, Declares Pope
VATICAN CITY — (NC) —
Ten Princes of the Church have
been added to the College of Car
dinals for the purpose of “making
our holy Faith respected, securing
peace for Christian people and pro
moting the welfare of the Roman
Church.”
With those words, pronounced
by His Holiness Pope John XXIII
March 22 as he placed the broad
brimmed red hat of the cardinalate
on eight of the ten new cardinals,
he indicated his purpose in raising
the College of Cardinals to an all
time high of 87 members only
months before the convocation of
the Second Vatican Council.
The public consistory, in which
he imposed the red- hat, was the
fifth such ceremony in Pope John’s
four years in the papacy. Their ele
vation brought the number of men
he had personally created as car
dinals to 52, more than any pope
in living memory had created in so
short a time.
Before that moment of the im
position of the red hat, there had
been two preliminary consistories.
The first, on March 19, called the
“secret consistory,” was that in
which the Pope formally an
nounced the names of the 10 car
dinals-designate to the elder car
dinals. In the act of their being
named they were created cardinals.
The second of the preliminary
consistories on March 21, called
the “semi-public consistory,” was
for the imposition of the cardinal
itial red biretta on the heads of
eight of the newly created car
Cardinal Cushing Sees
Internal U.S. Red Peril
BOSTON — (NC) — Richard
Cardinal Cushing has warned
against a “concerted campaign ...
to establish the conclusion that
there is no internal threat from
communism in the United States.”
It is “absurd” to think that the
United States, alone among the
nations of the world, is free from
Soviet subversion and infiltration,
the Archbishop of Boston said.
Cardinal Cushing, in his column
in the Pilot, Boston archdiocesan
newspaper, questioned the wisdom
of using the strength of the U.S.
Communist party as a gauge of
Soviet success here.
“This is an adequate gauge,”
he said. “It is not the ‘party’ alone
but also the ‘plot’ to dominate the
world that makes communism a
threat from within. Identified with
that ‘plot’ are agents in embassies,
consulates, in the U.N., entertain
ers, scholars and others who come
to the States from Russia.”
“Whenever an important Soviet
agent was encountered during
congressional investigations,” Car
dinal Cushing noted, “he seldom,
if ever, identified himself with the
Communist party as such. He oper
ated merely through a contact
with some Soviet superior.
“Underground activities identi
fied with the ‘plot’ to conquer the
world are almost beyond detec
tion,” he said. “Nevertheless it is
the real gauge of internal Soviet
success in the United States.”
The idea that there is no in
ternal danger from communism
“contradicts the record of the con
gressional committees,” he said.
“It rests on the absurd premise
that the United States, the prime
target, is alone of the nations in
the world, exempt from concerted
Soviet subversion and infiltra
tion.”
dinals.
Two of the new cardinals—Gio
vanni Panico, Apostolic Nuncio to
Portugal, and Ildebrando Antoni
utti, Apostolic Nuncio to Spain—
received their red birettas from
the heads of state of those nations
in keeping with a traditional privi
lege.
After the public consistory there
was one more consistory, a fourth,
in which the Pope demonstrated
the subjection of the new cardinals
to himself by the symbolic opening
and closing of their mouths. In this
consistory also he placed the car
dinalitial ring on the finger of
each, and assigned to each his titu
lar church in Rome.
On the morning of the first con
sistory, the Pope entered the Con
See New Cardinals, page 5A
Advice Given Advocates
Of Private School Aid
HARTFORD, Conn. —(NC)— A
priest-lawyer advised that advo
cates of Federal aid for nonpublic
schools should be “deeply consci
ous” of three truths “which may
well be overlooked in the heat of
the ongoing controversy.”
In an address before members
of the St. Joseph cathedral parish
Holy Name Society, Father Robert
F. Drinan, S.J., made these points:
1. “All advocates of aid to non
public schools should have and
should express confidence that the
American people will be fair with
regard to the claim of the parents
of non-public school children.”
2. “Although persuasion tends to
merge into pressure there is a
point beyond which any group in
a democratic society may not go in
insisting that its claim be recog
nized.”
3. “The spirit of Tolerance,
charity and candor must always be
maintained in the discussion of
the Church-State problem.”
Father Drinan, dean of Boston
College law school, said “the ex
posure which Catholic schools had
last year has brought to the na
tion an unparalleled opportunity
to reexamine the basic public pol
icy which this nation desires to
follow if the Federal government
decides to change a fundamental
policy and have the United States
government enter the area of‘ fi
nancing local schools.”
Boy Is Cleared
In Chicago Fire
CHICAGO —(NC)— A 13-year
old boy was cleared in family
court here of any connection with
the fire in Our Lady of Angels
School on December 1, 1958,
which claimed the lives of 92 chil
dren and three nuns.
The boy, whose name was with
held, admitted in an earlier state
ment that he had touched off the
fire by throwing a match into a
wastebasket. He insisted later
that his confession was false.
He said the Catholic request for
participation in Federal aid to ed
ucation rests on three principal
arguments: parental rights, the
free exercise of religion, and the
pluralistic nature of U.S. society.
“In all the literature and discus
sions of Federal aid it appears
that the argument based on par
ental rights is the fountainhead
and cornerstone of the Catholic
position. It must also be said,
however, that it seems to be less
persuasive with non-Catholics than
any other argument,” Father Drin
an said.
Regarding restraint of the free
exercise of religion, the Jesuit
legal expert noted: “At this time
there is simply no decision of the
United States Supreme Court
which affirms that tfiq denial of
public funds to parochial schools
is a violation of the ‘free exer
cise’ of religion.”
Backfire
)) MOROGORO, Tanganyika
(NC)—The visiting Soviet offic-)
Hal saw a fine opportunity for^
(speech-making when his car//
)/ got stuck in a muddy road andS
\ townsfolk crowded around to(
\ pull it out. '
« “In Russia,” he declared,'
“people pay taxes but get good)
return for them. Their roads,'
are kept in good condition.
“Here in Tanganyika, youf
pay taxes but your roads re-ij
main bad.”
Then he reached grandly into)
his pocket and handed over)
enough money to have the rcad^
surfaced.
H The people gratefully accept-/
ed the communist’s generous)
gift. In his oratorical fervor he"
had forgotten to ask where the(
road went, and they did notj
volunteer to tell him.
The road leads directly to the)
i, Catholic mission.
AFTER NORTHEAST STORM — Father Peter Denges, right, looks sporty in
Jjis white cap but there was no sport in being a refugee from the fierce
northeaster which battered North Carolina’s coast recently. Father Denges,
pastor of Holy Redeemer Church, Kill Devil Hill, is greeted by his host for a
few days, Father Vincent O'Reilly, pastor of St. Elizabeth’s Church, Eliza
beth City. Photo at left shows Holy Redeemer Church, still surrounded by
water a few days after the storm. Pope John expressed his sympathy for
victims of the East Coast storm in a cablegram to Archbishop Vagnozzi,
Apostolic Delegate to the United States. The Holy Father promised his pray
ers and extended an apostolic blessing to all. — Jack Williams photos.