Newspapers / The Star of Zion … / Oct. 8, 1896, edition 1 / Page 2
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RA TES: three mor, : often at | IRv. J. W. SMITH, D. D., Editor. ItBV. G. L. BLACKWELL, A. M„ D. D., out renewal at one Unite your paper. Published every Thureday 306 U. College St. Entered at the Pott ond-clase mall matter Charlotte, & .C., Charlotte at etc STAFF CORRESPONDENTS. Mrs. Bishop C. 0. Pettey, Editor of Woman’s Column. Rev. G.W. Offley, D. D., Rev. E. G. Biddle, B. D., Rev. J. H. Anderson, Rev. J. E. Mason. D. D., Rev. W. H. Marshall, Rev. W. A. Blackwell, Rev. G. S. Adams,DD, Rev. E. D. W. Jones, A. B., Rev. F. H. Hill, Prof. B. A. Johnson, A. M., Rev. J. H. McMullen, Rev. T. A. Weathlngton, Prof.E.L. Thornton,A.M.,Rev.J.H. Manley, D.D., Prof.D.W.Parker,A.B., Rev. J.A.D.Blolce, A.M., Prof. W.F. Fonveille, A.B,Rev. O. W. Winfield, D.D. -kWeeden, Esq., Prof. W. M. Pro vlnder, A.B. -V. smith, Rt-v. D. C. Covington. , October 8, 1896. AY on SI. 60 per dhnum; nonths, 60 eente. Clubt SUBSCRIPTION Ur months, 80 cents; of hve at SI.35; Clubs nrJu. fi.oo per annum. When you tee this paragraph marked, take at $1.00. To minittert notice that your subscription has expired, and with I at once we shall be compelled to discon 7’0 CORRESPONDENTS: To insure publica tion, write with ink and extra carefulness on one side of the sheet only; do not abbreviate; avoid pc> tonalities; deal with live questions and give us items of church and race news; condense, so as to occupy a column or a half column : do not, if not sible, exceed 050 words. When writing about re vivals, anniversaries, dedications, donations, mar riages. receptions, death of church members, Easter or Children’s Day, and the tike, write on postal cards. If you write long-winded articles, the Edi tor will ’■‘■boil them down." Send all articles to the Editor and all business matter to the Manager. ceived a^Rlegram to the effect liis church, Union Wesley, was badl damaged by fire. The A. M. E. Zion Church is ; child of Providence ; the magnificen growth of the century; a growth whic has gone on according to the invisi ble and ofttimes uninterpretable law of God, Eev. P. A. L. Hubert, D. D., wh has been invited by Powell Clayton chairman of the Speaker's Bureau o New York, and A. E. Holton, chair man of the North Carolina Executiv •Committee, to make campaign speech •es, has collected $1,000 this Summe: for Livingstone College, $600 o which has been paid, the balance t< -by lie.-first of January. All who heard the centenary ser ran last Sabbath morning in Mothei Zion by Bishop J. W. Hood, D. D. LL. D., from Deuteronomy xxxii:ll 12 and Psalms exlix:2, were fairly car ed^away with it, and those who were competent to judge acknowledged that as an expounder of the Word o: God it excelled anything heard dur tjon. As a preache] jin, the Senior Bishop ii f assemblies.” J. Holland, our success !y delighted with our old lisle, Pa. His presiding Fisher, D- D., who held y meeting there a few >ys it beats anything on t. Eev. Holland held a tennial celebration the 25th oth the church and armory lized a good amount. Dr. r. Day, Revs. Wales and Har ere the speakers. In his grand ■lly last Sabbath he raised over 50.00. .on’s Centennial Jubilee. 1896 OSTED BY THE EDITOR. pr 1, 1896, the great prophet ramong us, writing his crim Inances on the trees, spelling year’s destiny in the morning decked with beauty and flushed Fith blushes as a maiden for her 'bridal, will ever be historic in relig ious circles. It marked the opening -of the Centennial Celebration of the oldest Negro Church in the world— the African Methodist Episcopal Zion Church. It was a beautiful, clear, pleasant morning. When the bright sun step ped above the horizon and looked gleamingly down upon New York illuming the East river and the ro mantic Hudson, which' Bparkled like diamonds in its brilliant rays, the golden sunshine ran over to West Tenth and Bleecker Streets, entered our magnificent ‘‘Big Zion" and winked and danced in its play-place in the corners, and broke into a broad laugh along the ceiling as it beheld the church handsomely deco rated with the Stars and Stripes, the pulpit with artificial flowers and the pictures of all of our bishops—Bishop irick, the founder, oyer the Christopher Rush, on the right, ■ md B ibop Jamei W. Hood, D. D.. ili. D., our present senior bishop, on be left, Bishop J. J. Clinton, D. D., 3iehop J. J. Moore, D. D., and Hon. Frederick Douglass, on the right gal ery, EisbopS, T. Jones, D. D., Bisb* ip J, I*. Thompson, M. D., D. D., and itev. J. C. Price, A. M., D. D.,on the eft gailery. Mot aer Zion, free from debt, has >een remodelled inside and out for ,he occasion and is now a thing of jeauty. Mr. Hubert, the florist, pre lented it with wax-flowers, and Rev. 3. Judd presented to Bishop Walters i gold mounted gavel to be used for ;he ocsasion, made from a piece of vooden roller in an old fashioned ;own clock in Hudson, made in 1795, yhich gavel hereafter is to be sent to Livingstone College to be used on ill special occasions by the chairman jf the trustees of said college. The Hardman piano, which won the first meda and best report at the World's Columbian Exposition at Chicago, grace ! the pulpit. It was a great occasion. Long be fore ;he opening services the large shurch was densely crowded with the, most representative people, white and colored, of New York and from every sectic n of the country. As the great pipe organ rolled out a march the minis ters, headed by the bishops and general officers, marched into the au ditorium room, wearing red and blue dgss of Varick. Afterwards the rendered lively music. All of except Bishops Pettey •, were present; ir, D. D., LL. le M. E. , D. a d< legation o Bishop J. se uior bishop, sided. Bishop the presentation D , lined the hymn, trimpet blow.” -Seriplure Psalm, read by Bishop C. R. D D.; Bishop W. B. Derrick, le 1 in prayer. Beatitudes by G. W* Clinton, D. D. Apostles’ Ci eed by Rev. E. M. Stanton. The congregation then sang with power the original hymn composed by Rev. E Geo. Biddle, namely, “Hail the Church that Varick started.” Bishop Fowler, of Buffalo, N. Y., pleached a deep, plain and powerful sermon from Psalms xlviii:12. “Walk about Zion, etc.” Bishop Lomax pre sided at the afternoon exercises which began at 2 o’clock. Bishop B. F. Lee preached a fine sermon from Isaiah vi i:23, after which communion was ad ministered by our Bishops and Bish op Arnett and Derrick. Thursday evening was a time long to be remembered. Sitting and stand in ? room were at a premium. Gov. L. P. Morton being ill, Bishop Arnett piesided. Brilliant welcome address es were delivered by Rev. H. K. Car re 11, LL. D., of the New York 7«cfe-| pendent; Rev. E. Lyon, D. D., of the I M. E. Church; T. McCant Stewart, I Ei'q., and Bishop W. B. Derrick; tol w! lich able responses were made by I R' iv. William Howard Day, D. D., I ar d Hon. J. C. Dancy. The follow-1 in % is a synopsis of some of the sp jeches: Rev. H. K. Carroll, said: ‘The meeting of this conference to I ce ebrate the Centenary of the organiza-1 tic n of the African Methodist Episcopal I Zi >n Church is full of suggestiveness. It I su jgests that God has wrought wondrous I th ngs for African Methodism; it sug-l ge its a history rich in incident, heroic in] en leaver and marvellouB in success; it I suggests the causes which led Yaricki I T1 omp8on and Miller to lay the founda-11 tic ns of Zion Church; it suggests the 1 de ip-seated prejudice against a wronged 1 raie which even Ihe religion of the I Ci risit of God could not eradicate; it sug- [ ge its the trials and triumphs of the Ne- ' gr) in America. This conference has a I • ri| ht to the attention of the cojintry. 11 Gi eat denominations, like Zion and Beth-1 ‘ el Methodist denominations, show the I * N< gro’s consecration to God’s work and 11 I hi ability to accomplish it in the most I * sa' isf ictory manner. Thirty years ago 18 yo i had not fairly entered the South, Ir wl ere the great mass of colored people Ic ar i to be found. Your conferences were I v N< rthern conferences and were few and 18 by 410 means strong. When you ob- Jr tai aecl free access to all the States of the v So ith you began to organize churches, In bu Id houses of worship, prepare men for I thi ministry, form new conferences, and t! mike your Church a truly National a Ci urch. Your conferences stretch from I L Ca aada to Texas, from the Atlantic to 1 t£< Pacific Coast. Considering the con- r< dition in which slavery left you, it"is|n ms rvellous that this one Church should I ^ ha -e accumulated so much church prop. I ® art jr in so short a time. [Applause]. 18t “ You have a strong, united and vigorous I 3h arch, and it is well that you have for I P' 70 l have a work of vast importance before I roi u You have splendid leaders in your I 3o ird of Bishops—men of ability, conse-1 gl ;ra tion and enterprise. They have your IW sol fidence, and under their wise gui-1M lai ce Zion Church will enter upon its I B< ec and century with great promise. • The I su ie< d of the time is/ a believing, intclli-10. ei t, devoted,holy<workhig Church. It jlU A. , - . S ^ L ~ T BHHg you cordial greeting m 4 yhurch which God he* bleued. I give rou most hearty congratulation on your sompleted century of history, and I bid rou be, of good courage as brethren in he Lord. May his richest blessings ■est upon' this Centennial Conference ind upon your great denomination, and nake its second century a thousand fold jetter than its first.” [Applause and Dhautaugua Salute]. Rev. Lyons, the next speaker, said: “Mr. Chairman: Great .institutions, like most great men, have had their birth in humble beginnings. In accor lance with this idea you have gathered here to-night from the four cardinal points of this Republic to trace the rise ind the progress, as well as to review the marvellous history of one of the greatest religious forces in the develop ment of the moral, intellectual and spir itual condition of this the mightiest Re public upon the face of the whole globe And when in the declining periods of the 20th century, society shall have reached Such a condition of reform that prejudice and discrimination against race and color shall be eliminated from the statute books of the States of this land, and shall be banished forever from the peaceful circles of American society, then the impartial historian, writing the history of organizations, secular or re ligious, shall make the African M. E. Zion Church to stand prominently out as one of the most potent factors and truest friends and fearless defenders of the rights and privileges of every member of the human family. [Applause]. Any organization that could furnish from its religious circles for the service of the human race such a man as the im mortal Bishop James Yarick ; immortal To-morrow will, witnaaa in this city fcha inauguration of a twelve-days' cen tennial jubilee that ia worthy of the moat aerioua atuiy by the moat emi nent atudents of Amerioan progress and development—mental, moral and material. It ia the jubilee of the African Methodist Episcopal Zion Churoh, founded in New York in 1796 by a handful of Afro-Americans as a protest against race discrimina tion in the old John Street Church. From such a beginning, and through years of effort ma rked by the greatest obstacles, we have to-day in this church and its branches, which figure as but one of six separate African M. E. Church establishments in the Unit ed States, a membership of 497,845, with 1,981 organizations, worshiping in 1,615 buildings, and possessed of property valued at $3,510,189. Not less .than seventeen institutions of learning, a book concern, a large publishing house and numerous de nominationol newspapers are support ed by the Zion Church. These are but a few of the facts which emphasize the close of a re markable century, in honor of which at least 75,000 Afro-Americans are expected to assemble in this city dur ing the coming week. But they are leading facts, and to the thinking man must suffice as a suggestion of the stupendous growth, the moral and in tellectual force which lie behind them. for the magnitude of his work; the pioneer of ecclesiastical freedom in] the city of New York; the father and founder of African Zion Methodism the United States; auy institution that could furnish for the service of the hn man race such a man as the immortal Frederick Douglass, the greatest Ro man of his time; Douglass, the states man, the patriot and the orator; the man whose burning eloquence aroused the sleeping conscience of the Nations of the earth and caused to crumble into ruins the strongholds of the Southern Confed eracy and the fabric of the diabolical in stitution of human slavery which had in corporated itself in the policy of the government; any institution that could produce such a man as the immortaj Jo seph C. Price, that distinguished orator, scholar and educator, whose valuable serr vices to the human race have perpetrated themselves in the work at Livingstone College, the noblest monument in the church of his choice; any institution that could furnish such a man as the beloved Haywood Stitt, the sweet singer in Is rael, the poet, the preacher and the pul pit orator; any institution, I repeat with peculiar emphasis, that can furnish such men as these, must command, in,spite of the prejudices and distinctions of the age, an honorable position in the annals of the history of the country. [Tremen dous applause]. It is fit and proper that you should have assembled in New York City to celebrate the Centennial of your institution. This city is the cradle of your ecclesiastical liberty, and the com pany of self-sacrificing men who march ed out of old John-st. church because they felt that they were circumscribed by the inconsistencies of the age, shall forever be regarded by a grateful people as the religious fulcrum which lifted the race from a condition of humiliation and dependence and placed them in a position where they could rise to the highest lummit of intellectual, moral, social and •cligious development and privileges which are the common heritage of every nember of the human family. I there ore welcome you to New York City, to he religious enthusiasm of our churches md to the hospitality of our homes jast but not least, in the name of the 50,000 members of African descent who emain at home with mother; in the tame of the tree millions and a half of lethodist Episcopalians throughout the lonneetion whose hearts and hands land ready to receive yon, J bjd you' irice weleome. [Long and loud ap lause]. His relatives and friends would be lad to learn of the whereabouts of Rev. T. F. Fenderson, a minister of the A. \ E. Zion connection, whose home is eaufort, N. C. Anyone possessing ich information wLl please address Mr. C. Pollar^^nta, Ga., General De tl S t] hi ro tfc m bv ed been made dependent cl fitting-^ re* which hai the colorea-ace in in ch work—thx createi part of which is, of course, the hiit o; 'the past thirty years. Statistics recently quoted by T Thomas Fortune show tha*: in 189i the colored Methodist membershi] was 1,189,285, with 10,381 chumhe and property estimated at $12,000, 000. The Baptists show a member ship of 1,343,530, giving & total o 2,532,815 between these two denomi nations; while it is estimated that with the representation included ii other churchJ8, the colored churcl membership of the United States ii probably not less than 3,000,000 ou jf a racial str ength of about 9,000,000 We quote these figures in connec ;ion with the New York jubilee be sause they embody a peculiarly in itructive lesson at the presant tim< vhen the Negro in the South is em irging from dd conditions; jvhen h« s making plain the feet that he can lot much longer be morally and men ally shackled by unjust legislation trictly enforced or just legislation gnored in practice1; and when he ireBents a figure more conspicuous in lolitical calculations than at any time ince he was endowed with a suffrage rhich he may or may not be able to xercise. It is no longer a question of “the outh doing justice to the Negro,” utof the Negro, as am important art of the South, doing-justice to imself. Thu closest students of the ice long since agreed that its future rogresa must be the result of inters al, not external, applications; that le greatest problem of the United tatss since emancipation must be lived not by the white man, but by te black. It is because this view is been adopted by the most advanc l of Afro-American thinkers, and is for years been the basis of the 08t productive labor in the race, at the statistics set forth furnish itter for pride and congratulation, (traneous conditions may retard, t cannot materially aid, our color population of to-day, The religious organizations indicate t only the measure of moral devel ment, but . a positive-capacity for f-government, wljuch can only -_ — suit from mental development. The fact that the race hae done eo much deapite the tremendoua handicap unv der which it still struggles in the South is a rainbow of promise for the' future, when those' educational in* atitutiona now challenging the admira tion of the country shall have reached the pinnacle of accomplishment at which they aim. Race prejudice and poverty remain the two greatest ob stacles. The first of these may never disappear, and must be slow in dim inishing ; the second we hope to see remedied by a fair exercise of the franchise, supplementing the rapid industrial development of the South along the new lines now firmly es tablished. Money is necessary to dis pel ignorance, but the Negroes of the South already possess wealth aggre gating $180,000,000, accumulated in thirty years, and in “the enemy’s country." Pessimism is put to the blush by such a record. To the United States of to-day is reserved the signal triumph of fur nishing the first illustration of a con tact by a white Christian Nation with either the black or yellow races of the world without either subjugating or exterminating them. The future is full of hope for the men who are to gather here during the coming week and not the least brilliant ray ema nates from the assurance of a Repub lican administration at a time when it is most needed to help on the self imposed task of mental and moral emancipation, tending toward the fi nal victory.—Mail and Express, Neu I York. Rise of a Great Church. ORIGIN AND GROWTH OF ZION CON NECTION REVIEWED. HOW THI LITTLE BAND OF TWENTY PION^ EERS LED BY JAMES VARICK HAS GROWN TO A RELIGIOUS ARMY 01 NEARLY HALF A MILLION SOULS. From the Now York Sun (Snuday, Sept. 27.) In 1796 a band of about twenty Afro-Americans withdrew from th« old John-st. Methodist Church ir New York because of the discrimina tion against them on account of theii race and color, to which they wer« not disposed to submit. At the head of this small band of pioneer* were James Varick, William Miller and others afterward prominent it the movement. They began worshij in the cabinet shop of William Mil ler on Cross Street. On account o: his superior talents and capacity foi leadership, James Varick became the spokesman of his brethren and th< chief pioneer in this new field o church work. It is not surprising that he became the exhorter, the lo .cal preacher, the elder by reason o , eft his superior gifts of head anc , torque. . Th\ disappointments and trials o were many ■riod (1800 se means t( i to build £ ship, Th< 1 a lot pur ixter Street two lots or ind Churcl Streets were -leased and 'purchased ’ A frame building was ereettd oi Leonard Street. Th* establish^ ( of the church at this ptf.r^ seeme . providential, as it early becau$ tb centre of trade and commerce. ’IV wholesale dry goods district was t be located around this spot. On block away the large and well-know house of H. B. Claflin & Co. wa to be located, and every day th advance of American enterprise wa felt and large structures were Lein; rearea. Among the interesting articles o incorporation the following sentimen was expressed in Article V: “It i provided and declared that none bu Africans or their descendants shall bi chosen as trustees of the said Africai Episcopal Zion Church and such othej church or churches as may or shaL hereafter become the property oj this corporation.” Again in Article VI: “And no person shall be admit ted into close connection with their classes or be enrolled on their books but Africans and descendants of the African race." The historian of the tijne makes the following statement i “The vacant parts of the lots which were appro priated for a burying ground were so small and sandy that the trustees were obliged to build vaults for in terments in our churchyard, and after the city was visited with yellow fever, when the Corporation of the city, prohibited the opening of graves and vaults in the thickly inhabited parts of the city in the summer season, the trustees applied tb them for a place for a burying groaj^K^e church was not able for that pi ho n Parade Grbund, fenced in and need in tha summer season of every year, until the Corporation of the city thought proper to fill up the said Potter’s Field and .improve it as it now is. Then the trustees purchased some lots of ground at Yorkville and ap propriated seven lots for a burying ground,” The frame church was supplanted in 1820 by a stone buiding, and with more conveniences to meet the de mands of the growing congregation. The building was finally removed in 1842 for a large and more modern brick church. j.* . j The infant church during these years was not without the help, sus tenance, and religious ministration of able men of the parent Methodist Episcopal Church. Prominent among these Christian helpers was the Rev. W. M. Stilwell, whose spirit ual fervor, Christian sympathy, and sense of fraternity and fair play made him an excellent guide in all matters of church polity. It was through his influence chiefly that Varick and those associated with him were enabled to obtain eensecra tion to the offices of ers, and the like, % deacons, eld As the influence of the Zion Church in New York was recognized and felt in other cities, it was soon found nec cessary to establish branch churches outside of New York. Boston, New Haven, Harrisburgh, Baltimore, Washington, and other leading places soon had churches enlisted under the common banner. In a gathering composed of representatives of all these churches the Rev. James Varick was elected general superintendent, which office then had all the powers of the now constituted Bishopric, and he was therefore the first Bishop of the new church. He was subject to re-election every four years. He proved in every way worthy of the high honor conferred upon him. Christopher RusJj, a man of race oratorical powers, deep piety> and of fine executive capacity, came North from Newbern, N. identified himself C., and with at the once new church. His influence was at once discovered and recognized. He knew how to organize men end wise ly advise them and sway them. He was regarded as a great preacher. His impassioned periods carried con viction which ultimately led to con version. All classes, conditions, and races heard him gladly. To announce that he was to preach was to insure an overflowing congregation. Frederick Douglass declared that he was one of the most powerful preachers he ever listened to. That he was elected as the second Bishop was no surprise to those who knew the man. During this period Timothy Eato, Levin Smith, Samuel Giles, Joseph P. Thompson, George Galbraith, Samuel T. Gray, and Peter Ross constituted the great cotefie of pulpit orators among Afro-Americans. They also stood for civil and religious liberty, as enunciated Independence n the Declaration of The African Metho dist Episcopal Zion Church naturally therefore, became to the Afro-Ameri can race what Faneuil Hall was to he Anglo-American, their ‘‘Cradle orn^iberty.” the \al When the doors of all ther churches and the public and theatres were closed to Ab oliionist orators and friends of eman cipation, the doors of Zion church were always^en to them. It nat urally became the^Hqjm of the proud est triumphs of Afro-Ahaiican ora tors. The church at the -corner o f Church and Leonard Streets was sole t for $90,000, and the old Dutch Re 3 form Church, at the corner of Wesl t Tenth and Bleeker Streets, was pur i chased at a cost of $45,000. The [ surplus wa3 used in the purchase oi ■ other city property, which now fur nishes a revenue for the support of ’ the parent" church. Its ministers have been furnished from the strong est in the oonnection. When the Zion Church was organiz ed the pulpits were not supplied with Afro-American clergymen. The race had none, as a matter of fact. Op portunity had uot been offered to produce them. The wielding of the gavel was out of the question. The rule was to submit to authority rather than to exercise itf Afro-Americans had not then risen to the proud dig nity of rising *io questions of privi lege, making points, and all the rest of the parliamentary tangle. All this was left as a sacred right to the An glo-Saxon brother. The new church suggested hew responsibilites, new duties, and a new spirit of self reli ance. The exercise of their religious in new preaoher. As a result of tl In religions life, wbioh all tbs free States, there < slavery, oat of tbe slave at of Maryland, a young man genius with great natural gij orato:.\ But be was ignorar powers* and being a fugit was slow in • discovering tbe world. • He identified him] the little Zion Church at ford, Mass. He became that church, then a class 1^ day-school superintej and a local preaojj lips f.nd Williat to New Bedford Abolition call wonderful ii ments in fa enslaved, their add. es they expressed a d$ sire to hear some colored man frc one of tbe slave States make a f< remarks. None dared to volunteer Finally the name of Frederick Douj |ass was called. 'He came forwat and made one of tbe greatest speeche that had been heard since the anti slavery agitation began. He was tl Maryland slave who had identify himself with the little church. II eu liiuvcu Luc auuieuue aim me ur tinguished speakers, leaders in tii anti-slavery movement, that he wa chosen that very evening as ono the leading platform orators of th movement. Those who heard M: Douglass declare that he never sur passed the unexpected effort of tha evening. His training in the variou capacities in the little church I hav enumerated prepared him "for th most eloquent speech, j It was th outcome of the lessons of liberty hacl learned in the little church. The last time I saw Mr. Dougla was the summer before he died, was in the Zion Church at Washin ton. The Centennial Jubilee Uoj mittee was in session. He had almost the birth of the church, he came to hear men taik of a cen nial celebration as the represents! of half a million communic When he was called upon to s he leaned upon a heavy^ tane, his powerful voice faltered as faced his remarks with these UI am an old lym now, ait no1; forget that I began my life in your church a great many ago.” • j There was none of the fire eye and voice which had thril audience at New Bedford whe: erick Douglass made his. speech, and became at once t spokesman of his race on the can continent. The man ha weak ; the church had grow The Zion church was a p' the movement for the abolit mun slavery. Scarcely was of any of its ministers conside. plete without reference in to this “sum of all villiani The first newspaper pu tho Zion Church was. edit ert; Hamilton of New Yor called the Anglo-African tence was brief, owing to lai per support, but it was i by Zion's Standard and mrw. It was edited by Jones, 'then pastjr of church, and afterward ele? op. Me was succeeded in the ial chair by the Rev. J. M. Glouca Bat it was born to die. The nei fort was the Zion Church, Advoc published at Washington, with jtev. J. P. Hamer and the Rev. J.. Trustees editors. It soon went way of ita'predecessor eiorts, of Bishop jl J, A. Tyler, W. J.F the Star of Zion bs estar bis maintained it*i exietenc present day. It was bej monthly twenty years agjji soon made a weekly. It hi editors the Rev. J. A. Tyl C. R. Harris, A. S. Ricbar fticFarley, John C. DancJ George W. Clinton, anjd tt Smith. Its influence as^ moral, ancfeducatiq felt through the et! nuction. It has been ^ gl’essive in its advoo tended to promote the ro Americans, regard lj tional ties. The A. M. E. Zion view was founded as the ghn of the church in If Rav. G. W. Clinton. It b<-en steady and healthyj ginning. Its pre Jchn C. Dancy! ec.ited the 8taf\ papers pi
The Star of Zion (Charlotte, N.C.)
Standardized title groups preceding, succeeding, and alternate titles together.
Oct. 8, 1896, edition 1
2
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