THE WEATHER. Bain and colder Saturday Sunday fair. v . , . .- , 70 Pages : Today ONE SECTION s r ST? VOL. XCVH-NO. 51 FORCES OF FREUGH ID BRITISH STILL LAND ATSAL01I Bulgaria and Turkey Becom ing Uneasy, Again Make Protests to Greece. . ITALY WILL INTERVENE Teutonic Allies Advancing Slowly Upon Serbs With Increased Difficulty. Liondon, Nov. 13. The continued landing of Britsh and French troops at Saloniki is causing some uneasiness to .Bulgaria and Turkey and the nilnis ters of those two powers today again protested to the Greek government, which , took formal notice of their pro test. The determination of the Entente Allies in their Ualkan " campaign is shown by the ; large force v they are fending to the Balkans, and' news was received from , Rome today that Italy also had decided, to intervene in this region "in a manner worthy of ' her greatness," ana to give sufficient-support to the .British and -French to as sure a complete triumph- This is said to have had some influence on Greece and Kumania. Kumania, however, is waiting for- the developments of the Kussian plans. : f . Invading More Difficult Meanwhile the Austro-Germans and Bulgarians are , advancing slowly in their efforts to cut off or annihilate the Serbian army. These efforts, how ever, are growing more difficult as th Serbians now ' have occupied, their re port says, s defensive positions to the south , and east of Kralievo land east of Ivagnitza and on the western front on the left bank of the southern M0 rava where heavy fighting Jb in prog ress." Big battles also are" proceeding in the south between the , Bulgariaps and the Anglo-French, but reports n Uutside "the Balkans the most im portant theatre of -operations is now along' the eastern front . In the north tho (Jerrnana - atinarentlv Via.va dHrti- doned, hope of - reaching Riga and Dvinsk, at. least until the . ground freezes, and are falling back or being driven from the Dvina from which was their objective. Russians Get. 130,000. Prisoners. In the south General Ivanoff has coritteued to harrass the invaders by repeated thrusts - which, during the past five weeks, .Petrograd reports, have brought him nearly 130,000 pris oners. , In the most recent of these thrusts, the bag totalled six thousand. many of whom were Germans. The Italians keep up their offensive on both the Trentino and Isonzo tr?mts and are "making another ef fort to take Oorizia, which has with eti od them for so long. On the western front heavy artillery bombardments against are beginning in Artots, but with the present rain s oaked condition of the ground this can hardly presage . another offensive. RE-AFFIRMS. PEACE TERMS Grey Says Conditions Must Fulfill Those Laid Down oy Asqulth. London, Nov. 12. Re-afflrmatlon of Premier Asquith's historic pledge re garding the Entente' Allies' terms, of peace delivered at the Lord Mayor's banquet November- 9, 1914, was written by Sir Edward Grey, British foreign secretary today - In a written answer to a question put by Sir Arthur Mark ham, liberal member of the parliament for the Mansfield division of Nottlng namshlre. " Alter stating that Great - Britain's position in the war is fixed by her alliances with Japan, France and Kussia, the foreign . secretary pro ceeds: "In our view, the conditions fo peace must fulfill those laid down by the prime minister on November - 9, 1914. It is very desirable . that it should be understood once and for all that this is the determination of the government collectively and individually, . and of the nation." . At the Lord Mayor's banquet . No vembef 9, 1914," Premier Asquith in outlining the war situation said: "This is going : to be a long war lut there is nothing in a long Strug gle to depress us," or in what has hap pened, our enemy has tried three ob jectives Paris, Warsaw and Calais and has been baffled in all.' "That 1b not enough. We shall not sheathe the sword,; which we have nt lightly drawn, until Belgium has recovered more than she has sacrificed; until J-ranee is adequately secured against menace; until the rights of the mailer nationalities have been placed upon an unassailable foundation, and until the military domination of Prus ia is tinally destroyed." - . ALBANIAN QUESTION ACUTE Secret Agreement Between Bulgaria and Greece Is Belief in Rome Rome, via Paris, Nov. 12. The Ai oar.ian question is ' becoming mors acute hourly, the belief being express d in diplomatic quarters that a se-; cr agreement exists . between r Bul j?am and Greece concerning Serbia, Macedonia and Albania. According to this reported agreement, the southern Part of Albania would go to, Greece and the northern part to Bulgaria, the "mer country thus realizing its tra flltioii dream of being bathed by tnffre seas the Black sea, the Aegean and the Adriatic. - ' ' ... The conviction is held byraany that ua v must participate in the Balkan contest in order to safeguard her most 7ltal interests represented by the su premacy of the Adriatic and the pos (Contlnued on Page Ten.) :- 111 DEFINITE Officials Under Impressi Vessel Tried to Escape DEATHS DUE TO PAf iC Reports Received Do Not State Nantes ot t Any Americans Known . lor -Certain to Have Been Saved ' "' ... Expected Today. Washington, Nov. ! 12. Still without definite information ; concerning -the circumstance under which the Italian liner Ancona was sunk. State Depart ment officials took no further - stens today in the situation.; If is believed details probably will reach here to morrow. Ambassador Thomas Nelson to,Sc vtBii j.o me Italian ' foreign office' is expected to develon whether the Ancona was . torpedoed wjiaouc warning or whether shots were fired at the vessel after she had stopped. The Impression Ih stroncr in nfrioini quarters based upon press dispatches, man xne. vessel tnea xto escape and that those of her passengers who wr lost were drowned in the panic that ensued .when she was halted. Ambassador Pa ere cabled toflav that Mrs. Ceclle Criel, believed to be- Tan American, was reported to have been saved, although her name still remain ed on tne list oi tnose unaccounted for. Other Americans said to be the list of lost; were the atattivo family, fasquale Jaurlne and Mrs. Carmela Torrisi. Mrs. Torrlsl's husband,' Gui seppe, was said to have been among the rescued. A Mrs. Cecil Greil was reported as the only American then known to be saved in a dispatch Wednesday night from Ambassador .Page. WOULD BLAME WILSON t Says .Ancona Tragedy Result of "Un punished Lusltanla Murder." Paris, Nov. 12. Commenting in the Figaro on the sinking of the Ancona, Joseph Reinach, widely known as a po litical writer, declares that the victims of this latest sea tragedy died, as a resuli of ''th SQJmlshedvIiUsitaoia murder.. v-'i' .y S President Wilson could not sav, he adds, that he was not warned that the tragedy would be repeated "if it were not avenged." DERNBERG ON U. S. NOTE. Says It Opens Way for Securing Free- dons at the Seas. Berlin,- yia London, ' Nov. 12. Dr. Bernhard Dernburg, discussing in the Tageblatt the American note, to Great Britain, says the note prepares the way for securing the freedom of the seas and thereby opens a new era of dis cussion with Great Britain, the result of which undoubtedly will be favorable to the right. JUSTICE DEPARTMENT WILL PROBE CHARGES Of Alleged Activities of Aus- ' trian Consuls Dr. Joseph Gorlcar Alleges They Have I Been Active In Propaganda to De stroy Munitions Plants and Foment Strikes. Washington, Nov. 12. Published charges, attributed to Dr. Joseph Gqri car, former Austro-Hungarian consul at San Francisco, that Austrian consuls in the United States, working under the direction of Consul General Von Naber and Count von Bernstorff, German am-V bassador here, are active In propagan da, for destruction, of munitions facto ries and fomenting strikes among the workerswill be referred by the State Department to the Department of Jus tice for investigation, The Austrian embassy here denounc ed Goricar's published statement as untrue in every particular and an nounced if would try to find some way tn nrniucut him for It. In substance Gorjcar is accredited with: making the statement that he resigned- nis post after-4.5 years in the Austrian consular service because he declined to perform the work of a spy. The Atistro-Hungarlan embassy is sued, the following statement: - "Ex-Consul Dr. Gorlcar, formerly at Ran TTrarieiseo. has been on leave of ab sence since, the time of the outbreak of the war and has been temporarily at tached for a time to the Austro-Hungarian consul general in Berlin, Ger many. "There, very soon after, he ob talned knowledge that the Austro HungaHah authoritles'.had received in formation about his secret connections with the -enemies of Austria-Hungary and evidently fearing detection he sud7 denly left fcls post without permission anddisappeaf ed" " ' ' Savannah, Ga., Nov. 12. J .Hampton Moore of Philadelphia, was re-elected president; of the Atlantic Deeper Wa terways Association at the closing ses sion here today of the eighth - annual convention, i The 116 Meeting place was left to the executive-committee. Other officers elected were: Vice pres idents, J. H. SmalL Noth rolina; vW. S. Bennett, New York; F. ;W. Don nelly, New; Jersey; : J-. H. Preston, Maryland.'. ' . .;. ;; : '. ..". NOTH 'HEARD ON A GONA L : t ! CONDITIONS MUCH ETTER IN MEXICO following Recognition of De Facto Government. CARRANZA IS POPULAR Situation in Mexico City Being Re stored , to Normal Request to Transfer Former Villa Troops Over American Soil. Washington, Nov. 12 Mail reports to the State Department today from Pledras Negras said people arriving there from Interior Mexico brought word of greatly improved conditions following the recognition of the Car- canza de facto government. O. L. Wise, who has lived in Mexico City for 21 years, who discussed Mexican conditions with State .Department offi cials today, spoke enthusiastically of the work of restoration now going on. v "People in Mexico City," he said, "used to have a hatred for General Carranza but now he is very popular. General Gonzales, military governor, has brought about wonders in the city and the people have confidence in him. The de facto government is not con fiscating property, but is paying for everything it gets and the personal lib erties and. rights of Mexican citizens and of the foreign colony are being re spected. : "Automobiles that .had been hidden away are running about, the streets again and without the flags of the nationality of their owners which heretofore was necessary for' their pro tection. There are 6,000 Americans hi Mexico City, practically all in commer cial business. They have no complaint to make of the new government, General Calles, Carranza commander at Agfa Prleta, telegraphed the Mex ican agency here tonight asking, that the. permission of the State Department be obtained for the"; transfer - of 500 former Villa soldiers over American territory "to medras Negras. They were granted amnesty and will be given sufficient money to pay their transportation home. l " ' ' . . . m . .Wis ; - - - . j . -i .. . ' Reaches' Negales Few Btaprs " After Ar rival of Carranza Commander. XMogales, Ariz.," Nov. 12. Francisco Villa, chief opponent of the Carranza government in, Mexico, arrived at No gales," Sonora, opposite here tonight at the head of 2,000 troops a few hours after the . arrival here of General Al var Ubergon, Carranza's military com mander.. General Obregon said that his presence at the same time with Villa was merely . a coincidence, i The Carranza leader announced that he came here to influence the Indians how in General Urbaljo's "Yaqui army, who tormerly were under-command of Obregon, to switch to the Carranza taction. He predicted that forces of the defacto government will be Incom plete possession of the state of So nora within 40 days. Keports that General Villa had been offered amnesty we're emphatically de nied by General Obregon who declared that Villa would be treated as an out law if captured. FLAGS MARK BOUNDARY Action Taken After Villa Men Crossed American Boundary Naco, Ariz., Nov. 21. The boundary line between Mexico and the United States was marked at 50 yard inter vals by American flags today. This action was taken after a Villa soldier escaping from Naco, Sonora, had been pursued by Villa cavalry across the boundary. - Col. W.:C. Brown, of the Tenth U. S. cavalry, on border patrol, arrived at the Mexican border to pro test Just as General JoseRodreguez, of the Villa rorces, signalled to .the firing squad that faced the prison. It was explained that the man exe cuted was wanted in connection with a shooting affray and that his pursuers were ignorant of the boundary line. DOESN'T UNDERSTAND DELAY. Cologne' Paper Pays America Could Have Prevented U-Boat War. Cologne, via London, Nov. 12. The oelnische Volks Zeitung says it is dif- cult to comprehend, how the Washing- government, filled with such con victions as are expressed in the Ameri ca note to Great Britain, allowed IS mchs , to elapse without serious meaSsures against British encroach- 'V sienn ; "The United States," the paper adds, "did npt even need to rattle the sword.' A mere embargo upon the ex port of a few articles. such as grain, copper, meat and cotton would instant ly have brought Great Britain to terms and established American rights. "If America had from the first ener getically taken the position against Great Britain now adopted there would have been no submarine war, no sink ing of the i Lusitanla or the Arabic. WillW ashington wait to see whether the war ends before Great Britain takes account of the American demands so ably pleaded? The essence of neu trality consists in applying the same law to both sides." WILL INVESTIGATE FIRES In Plants Making Munitions or Sup , plies For Belligerents Harrlsburg, Pa., Nov. 12. State Fire Marshal Baldwin today detailed men to investigate fires that have oc curred this week in plants engaged in manufacture of munitions or supplies for nations at war. One inspector was detailed to the Bethlehem Steel "Works, and another will go to the Eddystbne branch of the Baldwin Locomotive Works where there was a slight, fire the same day the Bethlehem Steel Company's machine shop was burned. Other ; inspectors have been active in Western and Central parts of the state where 'fires have occurred' in powder and similar plants. - it SERBS FAIL BACK TO SAFE POSITIONS - - -V- - J ' i . -1 - Claim They Occupy Defensive Ground in !he North. SUMMARY- OF WAR NEWS 4 Germans ' Reported to. Have Xost Heav ily in' Attacks In Northwest Rus ia Asqulth -Grieved at CharchiU's Resignation Winston Spencer Churchill has given up his portfolio of .chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster in the British cab inet and will. join , his regiment at the frosjt. In his resignation, he express ed the belief that time would vindi cate his administration of the admir alty and assign htrn his share in the responsibilities of preparations and operations: ,' "whiifhi secured us com mand of the . seas."." Premier Asquith, "in. acknowledging the resolution, -.said "lie was sincerely grieved that Mr'. Churchill felt it his duty "to leave the cabinet. The Serbians in the north are still in retreat before, the Austro-Hungar-ians and Germans, having fallen back, according to their , latest communica tion, to defensive '.positions southand east of Kralievo and to the east of Ivagnitza, which would indicate that the fears expressed in an Italian news paper dispatch that they might be cut off 'are unfounded; , Nothing-has come through to show the existing situation in the south, where the Anglo-French forces are co operating 'with the Serbs against the Bulgarians : or from f,' the Montenegrin theatre, where the 'Austro-Hungarians and Montenegrins 'have been at grips for some time with, yarylng successes. Further successes .for the Russians against th Germans' in northwest Russia are recorded by Fetrograd. The Germans lost heavily In the fighting around Kemmerh' . as also around Ixskull, where ten German - attacks were repulsed.. .' .. " " Little , fighting has been - going on along the "western front or in the-As-tro-ItalianV zone except by thetia.rtll lery of the contending sides. -' Dr- .von yBethrnn-IIolles -Stha I ruermsn. unpertai caanceier, nss iota the socialists that-the' .people of . Ger many could be assured that the hopes of the Entente Powers of starving Germany would, be disappointed.. According' to the seml-oflicial Over seas News Agency of Berlin the Greek premier has Influenced the Bulgarian minister at Athens that it is the prem ier's sincere desire that the .friendly relations betweert Greece and Bulgar ia be maintained. Greece, he added, was not preparing to attack Bulgaria. Houston, Texas, Nov. 12. - In a statement from Port Arthur today Italian Consul - Lombardo denied that Captain Rico of the Italian steamer Li vietta had reported- to him that the fire on the ship, now beached, was caused by incendiary bombs. NTENDED TO ACQUIRE TRANSPORTATION LINE Another Charge Against New Haven Officials. Alleged by Government They Intended to Establish Freight Line From Boston to Galveston and Through ' Panama Canale. New York, Nov. "12. An alleged; intent to monopolize, committed with in the three year period of the statute of limitations, by former directors of the New York, New Haven & Hartford railroad, eleven of whom are now on trial charged with criminal violation of the Sherman law, was described to the jury today. The testimony adduc ed to prove it marked the second time thus , far during the trial that the government's case has entered this vi tal period. The alleged offense consisted of the approval by the board of directprs in 1912 of a proposition to acquire "open control" of ,the Merchants and Miners Transportation Company . ami to estab lish a freight line, from Boston to Gal veston and through the Panama Canal when It should be completed. While it was shown that the proposition was never carried into effect, because Of the passage of legislation by Congress forbidding 'railroads to own steamship lines using the Panama Canal, the government's purpose in introducing the testimony was to show that the intent to monopolize the transporta lon traffic of New England nevertheless existed; All of the defendants, ex cept Lewis Cass Ledyard- and Edward D. Robblns, were recorded -as present at the meeting at which the vote was taken, ' and correspondence read into the record appeared . to indicate that Ledyar d and Bobbins - were cognisant of the scheme. ' ' 1 The defense,-on other hand, plans to show that'the contemplated line was a benefit, to the people of -New England and 'was .proposed to be i established In response q a demand for such ser vice. -,.tl.:..'V','i' The government,' attorneys : later swung into what may prove one of the most interesting-phases of the trial the collapse of the Morse enterprise after thepanic-of 1907, and the trans actions by. whlcJv it s alleged Edward D . - Bobbins, general . counsel - of the New Haven, obtained possession of two of . the " Morse steamers, the Harvard and : the Tale,1 and .had them trans ferred to the Pacific coast. ,. .', TAKES BIG BLOCK OF CAMBRIA STEEL J. L. Replogle Pays $15,000, 000 for 300,000 Shares. FORMERLY WATER BOY Bid Against H pjd XnTjo p Ace t In the ' Cambria Steel SHUwStock . Was Held By Pennsylvania I Railroad Company. New York, Nov. 12. Three hundred thousand shares of stock, or there abouts, -in the Cambria Steel Com pany, were bought today for approxi mately $15,000,000 by J. Leonard Rep logle, of this city, who started hit, business career when 11 years old as a water boy at less than $5 a week In the Cambria mills at Johnstown, Pa. Mr. Replogle. who is 38 years old, bid against his old superior officer, Wil liam H. Donner, and won the stock after negotiations In: Philadelphia; last ing all day and virtually all night for several days and, nights. The stock was sold by the . Pennsylvania Rail road Company,' which formerlly own ed 450,820 shares of , the 900,000 is sueda controlling interest in the Cam bria company. . . . . . . Of - tle railroad's original fit per cent holdings -of -Cambria Steel, Mr. Dohner already had v acquired about 112,000 shares. This was secured in two lots, one of 56,000 on which he had an option, and the other, of, the j same amount, on which he exercised : a conditional option. The condition was that he shemld find a purchaser for the railroad's holdings of -Pennsylvania Steel stock. Mr. Donner is president of both the Cambria and Pennsylvania Steel companies. Charles M. Schwab, the genius of Bethlehem Steel, wanted the Pennsyl vania Steel properties, it was report ed, to combine them with his Beth lehem plant and thus the neucleus of another gigantic steel merger. Mr. Donner's interests crossed with this plan and Mr. Donner won in the euest for the Pennsylvania "Stee stock : He" men .tnecuuv is said, to obtam the -re mainlng Cambria stock owned bv the rallroadr- - ---.-". . - Three weeks ago; Mr. Replogle, whq resigned as .vice president of the Cambria company March 1; began ne gotiations for the purchase of the re-' maining Cambria . stock held by the railroad. During the 27 years he -was with the Cambria company he rose from waterboy , to;v 0eclxpj5SUmtvifery po sition successively In-line to the vice-presidency... ' In the meantime, however,- the Penn sylvania railroad sold some of the Cam bria in the open market, at a time when It was at the crest of ; its recent rise. ' . . Negotiations begun for, the purchase of the remainder; ended " today in the transfer of the stock tQ Mr. Replogle. So far as is known, Mr. Replogle is the largest single" stock owner. Wheth er a fight for control will develop is to be seen. What is to, be done with the Cambria property under Mr. Replogle's management, if he obtains sufficient additional .stock to "give him control, is yet to be divulged. TRUSTY" GIVEN SO YEARS. For, Burglarising Home of Associate . Justice Hoke. Raleigh. N. C, Nov. 12. The Wake Superior' court. Judge-Peebles . presid ing1!, finished its work for the term today,-quite a number , of penitentiary and 'county road sentences having been imposed. The longest term In the pen itentiary was for Horace .Tones, . who was given 20 years for entering the "home of Associate Justice Hoke, of the Supreme Court, while the family was at supper and stealing a quantity Ibf jewelry and other, valuables, , Jones was at the time a "trusty" at the coun ty convict' camp near the Hoke "home, arid he is believed to have committed a number of other burglaries while en - Wbying the privileges of a "trusty." . r - GIVEN RANK OF MONSIGNOR. " Very Rev. James T. O'Farrell Honored by Pope Benedict. Richmond, Va., Nov. 13. Very. Rev. James T. O'Farrell, vicar, general of the diocese of Richmond, has-been rais ed: to the dignity of domestic prelate of the papal household, with the rank of monslgnor, this being announced jn a brief message received by Bishop O' Connell from Pope Benedict under date of October 16. j ' The office implies the right of wear ing the purple, also of taking prece dence over all priests at church cere monies, whether within the diocese or even in the city of Rome. ' Although now entitled to monslgnor as his title, the ceremony of invest ment , in the ' cathedral here will not take place until a later date. - ' ; WOULD PROHIBIT NARCOTICS Refusal to Endorse" Law Permitting Sale In Medicines. 'Philadelphia. Nov. 12. The delegates to the sixth annual convention of the American Association for the Study and Prevention of Infant Mortality at their session here today adopted a resolution refusing to endorse any. law the effect of wnlqh will , continue the sale of . narcotics in any medicine. Re cent legislation in. many states, pur porting to regulate the, traffic , in nar ootlc .and habit-forming drugs, in real ity, It was said, exempts preparations containing such drugs in small quan tities. - . :.' -w'. . v Coluroblavllie, , Mich ., Nov. 12. Robbers wrecked the safe In the Co lumbiavllle State Bank early today, ser cured ; $4,000 in cash -andV inade ,their. .escape. .Heavy.-rain' obliterated ;thlr PROHIBITION BILL WINS IN GEORGIA House Passes Bill Previously Passed by Senate EFFECTIVE MAY 1, 1916 Prohibits Manufacture and Sale . of Drinks Containing Over One-Half Per Cent Alcohol Govern-. or Likely to Sign. Atlanta, Nov. 12. The lower house of the Georgia Legislature by 142 to 22 tonight passed a bill which already had passed the senate, to prohibit the man ufacture or sale of liquor in Georgia. The only change the house made was that the measure should become effec tive May I, 1916, instead "of January 1 next." It defines "liquor" as any drink containing more than . one-half of one per cent of alcohol. ..It is generally un derstood that Governor Harris will sign it. Advocates declare the bill will elim inate all breweries, . so-called "near beer" saloons and "locker clubs," now operating under laws .which allow the manufacture and sale of drinks con taining not more than 4 per cent alco hol. - ' ' The senate also has passed bills to prohibit liquor . advertisements and to limit the amount of liquor each indi vidual may have shipped to him from without the state.; : These are to come before the house next. . The legislature met in special ses sion November 3, at the call of Gov ernor Harris, to pass the annual ap propriation bill which failed of passage at the last regular session because of a fight over prohibition. Prohibition and several other; subjects were Includ ed In' the governor's call. VIOLATED PROHIBITION LAWS Over 95,000' Worth of Whiskey Seiz ed on Schooner at Mobile. Mobile, Alar;; Nor. 12. - Whiskey valued at- more than $5,000 was seiz ed here early today, by the police and WJlr - is stored at the , central station.. TheHquorf. which Or. leans,' on the schooner Oyster Plant was consigned to "four Mobile men whose names were not disclosed by the police. ,Emlle Lyons, mate, of the schooner, who with two negroes, had Wagons at the. ship side in which to haul the liquor away, are at the po lice station charged with violation of the recently, enacted .prohibition laws. The new -law f as. construed by Record er D. H Edington prohibits the bring ing into Mobile of liquors by any boat. Yesterday 11,712 bottles of beer from. Pensacola,. Fla.. were seized under this ruling. AH such liquor wll be de stroyed after -disposal by the courts of cases connected -therewith. - - William Thdmpson, captain of the Oyster Plant, later was arrested charger-with violating the liquor laws. He and Lyons gave bond.at $500 each. CHURCHILL TO ENLIST WITH ARMY IN FRANCE Quits Post in Cabinet Because of Inactivity. Says He Couldnt Accept Position ot General Responsibility for War Policy Without Effective Share In Guiding It London, Nov. 12. ;It is officially an nounced that Winston Spencer Churchill, chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster, has resigned' from the cabi net and will join the army in Prance. Mr. Churchill, in his letter of resig nation, explains" that he agrees in the formation of a Smalf war council, and appreciates the, intention which Prem ier Asquith expressed to include him among its members. . He foresaw the difficulties that the premier would have to face in its com position, he states, and makes no com plaint because the scheme was chang ed but with that, change - his work in the government naturally closed. He says he could not accept a position of general responsibility for a war policy without any effective share in its guidance and .control and did not feel able in times like these to remain in well paid Inactivity. t Rumors had been current for some time that Mr.- Churchill would resign his seat in the cabinet-and go out on active service at the. front. He is a major in the Oxford Yeomanry. :.Ir. Churchill was serving as first lord of the admiralty,, when the war began and filled that office until the formation of the coalition cabinet last May. He took the position of Chan-pellor- of the Duchy of Lancaster In the 1 new cabinet, ,Arthur ' J. Balfour being made first lord of the admiralty. Although It had often ; been report ed that Mr. Churchill would retire from the cabinet, his resignation came as a surprise, as ' with the retirement of Sir -Edward Carson from the office of attorney genera:, -n. was thought that all cabinet differences had been com posed and that the remaining members were contented " with the,, arrange ments made for the formation of a smhll committee" to . control the war. It appears, however, from . Mr. Church urs tetter of resignation to Prem ier Asquith that the former previously had. been offered, a place on thls.com Continued on Page Ten.) WHOLE TSTUMBEB 39,381 MERCHANT MARINE FOR 0. SJ URGED At Meeting of Academy on Po litical Science THREE SENATORS SPEAK Senator, Weeks Advocates Its Creation by Subsidies Senator Fletcher Urges Need of 400 Auxiliary Ships for Navy. New York, Nov. 12. Assertions that in the event of future foreign wars ex portation from the United States would virtually cease and that only the su perior British and French navies en able exportation to continue in spite of the present European conflict, were made at the meeting of the Academy on Political Science tonight as ar guments for the upholding of the American merchant marine. United States Senators ietcher, of Florida; Weeks, of Massachusetts, and Owen, of Oklahoma, were the speakers. Senator Weeks pointed out that this country now pays to foreign ship-owners $300,000,000 annually to transport American products abroad. The cre ation of a merchant marine by subsi dies, he asserted, would increase In dustry in this country and give em ployment to probaoly 600,000 work man. "We should follow the practice of all other nations," said the speaker, "which has resulted in the develop ment of shipping .by giving sufficient aid to Overcome the difference in costs which stand as a handicap against our shipping. Such aid should only apply in cases where the operation can not be conducted profitably and only con tinue as long as that Condition pre vails. such aid being based on the service performed either in carrying mails or furnishing ships for auxiliary purposes. "Any governmental operation which places government owned or controlled ships In ..competition with , privately, owned and operated ships should not be countenanced. As the navy needs auxiliaries even more than any other -facility, ' any measures taken- to In crease its efficiency rShOuld'-give first consideration f and and be influenced by the development of a merchant ma rine." For Government Ownership. The necessity of providing at least 400 auxiliary ships for the navy as an arm of the national defense was ar gued by Senator Duncan U. Fletcher, of Florida, as justification in itself for the enactment of a bill for the govern ment ownership of .merchant ships, senator Fletcher had charge of the government ship purchase bill in the senate ' last session and his words were listened to as Indicative plans for enacting the measure into law at the coming session. "Last January when the ship pur chase bill was before the Senate, 1 pointed out that Great Britain, with alL of its naval establishment, haq lound it necessary to commandeer about 1,500 k merchant vessels during the present war," said the senator. "I pointed out our need of naval auxil iaries. The need grows on us. The government is compelled to build and acquire ships, to meet the necessities of the navy. Navy anxiliarles are a certain and controlling need. These auxiliaries can be constructed so as to serve commerce in time of peace and be made ready to serve the navy in time of threatened or actual war. It is an arm of hte national defense which must be developed and made . service able." Private' control of transportation may serve the purpose today and to morrow may join foreign combinations in utter disregard of both investors and the public, he continued to say. . "We must be free from foreign domination,'- he added, T do not know how this can be secured except by govern mental c'ontro, in view of the great lead that the merchant marines of oth er countries have secured." x The shipping laws enacted since lil2 were pronounced as the first aid given American shipping in years. He de fended the terms of the Seaman's law, which went into effect eight days ago, adding that he "thought It would be found that the strongest objections to the act on he Alantic coast came from foreign shipping Interests. The Sena tor denounced the action of the Pacific Mail Steamship Company officials 'In. abadoning their trans-Pacific service on the ground of the Seaman's Law and then transferring their ships to another ocean where the same law. applies with equal force. ' Demand for Tonnage Increasing. The commercial demand for more tonnage Is increasing as the months roll by, the senator pointed out.- "There Is no doubt we have suffered many millions of dollars during - the past year in loss of trade and com merce, and In burdensome freight rates," he said.' "The rate on grain to Liverpool is 40 cents a bushel, while before the war It was 4 cents. The rates on flour has gone from 12 to 65 cents a hundred pounds. On provisions the rate is increased from $5 a ton to $1 a hundred pounds. On cotton the rate is $1.25, when formerly It was 20 cents a, hundred pounds. Eastern rail road terminals are congested, ddue to lack of ships. Freight continues to pile up at the port. No law controls ocean rates. We may expect to pay foreign ship owners their own price, and that price will be higher yet, I Freight .embargo is on at Galveston and threatened In New York. -Our mar kets can ; be restricted or t eliminated without resort to import laws control of the means of transportation is suf ficient. The welfare of our producers is in peril, the necessary equipment of the nation itself, is incomplete when we are dependent on foreign vessels to. reach markets." -':. Subsidy had been a failure, the sena tor declared, and the mere use. of the (Continued on -Page Ten.) , i 'if la i t n i h f