North Carolina Newspapers

The Weather DVERTISING is the most TL efficient method of market ing ever developed. Therefore its effect is to decrease selling cost. nrcaional thunder showers Tuesday and probably Wednesday. A.D.1867 VO. XCIX-STO. 327. WILMINGTON, N. O., TUESDAY MORNING, AUGUST 21, 1917 h v5 WHOLE NUMBER 39,147 Stair Ml 1iONSTER OFFENSIVES LAUNCHED BY BVlti ITALIANS AND FRENCH WITH NOTABLE ADVANCES MADE nf TTefl.w "Rn.t- ties, Wrested rrom me uer- mans Near Verdun PLAYING BIG PART n s - - ..xvnOT rr T5 To e TTTo flirough Austrian Lines To ward City of Triest PRISONERS ARE TAKEN Canadian Forces Gradually Clos ing in Upon Lens (Associated Press War Summary.) With, the British troops busily gjlgageCL 111 LIlc sutucooxui pan j of German counter thrusts against newly won ground in Flanders, the French and the Italians have start ed monster offensives the French against the Germans near Verdun and the Italians asrainst the Aus trian from the region of Plava to .i i J a -C xl A near me neauwaitrrs ux me uxi- atie Sea. Decisive Blows Struck. Sharp, decisive blows have gained for the French positions held by the Germans on a front of more than elev- miles, extending from the Avocourt Wood eastward across the river Meuse and into the Bois de Chaume, while the Italians, after a bombardment of an intensity never before experienced in tot theatre, have leveled Austrian Menses, crossed ruins and also the Ieoiiso river and are now at deadly grips with the enemy along a. front of about 37 miles. Nearly 12,000 Prisoners. ' Xearly 12,000 prisoners already have been counted by the French and Ital ians, and doubtless this number will be materially augmented when full details of the fighting are at hand. In addition, the Germans and Aus trian lost heavily in men killed or wounded and in guns and machine guns captured.-" The new territory taken by the French embraces positions that have literally weltered in French and Ger man blood in battles that have waged to and fro since the German crown prince started his most costly enter prise, the attempt to take Verdun, which resulted in utter failure as a military maneuvpr nnrl nnat ltiras f tens of thousands of his men. Important Points Captured. Notable amnn? thn nntn r-dri nnai tions are the Avocourt Wood. two nnmitB of Le Morte Homme, the woeaux Wood ta ri,,mnn0,iM0 ' of which were held notwithstand "? vicious counter attacks by the wrmans which were broken uo bv the "eneh fire tth heavy casualties to liL6116?7- French airmen materially iaea the Infant 2 swooping forces and emptying "V . mdcnine guns into the ranks, It"1- shts in the air wjth German I . s machines 11 of which were 'e hurtling to the ground. Italian Airmen Active. ewise, the Italian fliers are giv 8 Weir infantrv vinvu . We than 200 of them beinjr eneafred -uackmg wltn bombs and macnlne suns fire in..: .... . behind "Lilian iroops iormauon Tna .... . Italian s- At Iast accounts, the ldn ffUTlH ifc- iif, teediiurV .v e rgeiicany pro of C the work of destruction Aastrln6W positions taken up by the ,k .t cetvorins torast a road Bor. J defenses in order to make troonT e marc& of the Italian W 9Jnard Triest- Austria's princi Adriatk ?s lying at the head of the caHan8 Pnshlllg Forward. orthern n Flanders and in Jared ,ce is very calm as com- B''h Ia last week but both tbe saii-e, st Frencn continue to. make fcenttw "us points and to en the nositinna wnr, tv. V.a Tho PgnaI ana t5 the (C y are soing further in eoal rpntl-an. line an3 now have the cent,. U1" UtTn th viriua"y surrounded ex- Canaflf ven on this sector - Biakino- i "1,e lne range ana So. s almost ImDossihlA anv le ton n the enGmy from or Into ni''l ar. L. . entente allied airmen !tW. ?' J'n.e out rais on German i0!I1ls asV ilelglum many tons of 4em. -5 m having been dropped by In TfUn,an1an Driven Back. . Rumania . . - kh :i;.cecl back th sides e Rumanians on Tall, f " the Oituse and Trotus ai PKJrninS to the Berlin offl- In the former "machine Rur"anians and in . o-o IBM intfl tha aa N rivi? in flting on the tavl!r 2'000 additional prisoners CU. Daniels Principal Speaker. ;8tary eston. W . "7 Of V, xt" AU88t zo. sec- 5 an ,IaJLDan today ac- 5ciPal adrtr u,n to Oliver the hea hr! a at th ceremonies to th. tr.e A"gUSt 30 in ennnftnHnn ?ove, oreakino- - r rment eatting of jrround fnr th 0j, aw. i uinr n int. . ls have b.Hl -Pther "aval offK been mvited to attend the es, WILL CONFER POPE'S PROPOSAL Lord Cecil Announces Conference of Allied Governments Be fore Reply is Made U. S. NOT TO PARTICIPATE? ! State Department Understands Lord Cecil's Announcement to Mean Merely That Allies Will Ex change Views Informally. London August 20. Lord Robert Cecil, minister of blockade and under secretary "for foreign affairs, announc ed in the house of commons this aft ernoon that the Entente allied govern ments would hold a conference before a reply to he Pope's peace proposals would be sent to the Vatican. STATE DEPARTMENT MAY NOT JOIN IN CONFERENCE Washington, August 20. Lord Ce cil's statement in the British parlia ment today that the Entente govern ments would hold a conference before replying to Pope Benedict's peace pro posals is understood at the State De partment as meaning that the govern ments will exchange views, not that there is to be a gathering of premiers or foreign ministers for a formal con ference. So far there has been no occasion for the State Department to join any of the several conferences which have been held in the capitals of the En tente nations during the war, though American army and naval officers have taken part in some of the delibera tions of the technical men. This at titude pn the part of the United States government is understood to have been due to no lack of sympathy or de termining to co-operate fully, but rather to the conviction that so far these conferences have had to do with strictly European issues. TWO BURNED TO DEATH WHEN AIRPLANE CATCHES ON FIRE Buffalo, N. T., August 20. Charles A. Wall, Jr., and Richard H. Meade, were burned to death here late today when an airplane in which they were experimenting with smoke bombs caught fire in the air. Both men were dead when the destroyed plane fell to the ground. Wall was a civil engineer in training for aviation service. Meade was aviation instruct who came to Buffalo recently from the training camp at Mineola, L. I. Negro Heavyweight Wins. Rochester, N. Y., August 20. "Kid" Norfolk, a negro heavyweight of Bal timore, decisively .outfought '.Gunboat" Smith here tonight In ten rounds. Nor folk carried the battle all the way, seldom giving. Smith an opportunity to set himself for a telling punch. Smith claimed to have hurt his right hand in the third round. British Tanks Again Score Triumph Over the Germans Creeping Out at Gray Dawn the Monsters Lead the Way While Infantry Follows 3 FAMOUS FARMS OCCUPIED Brltis-h Front in France .and Belgium, Aug. 20 (By the Associated Press) British tanks cored another triumph in the oapture of Important German po sitions yesterday morning in the neigh borhood of the Ypres-Poelcapelle road, rtortJi of St. Julien. It was a tank show almost from start to finish, and the in fantry in this case played the part of supernumeraries in support of the leading actors, while large numbers of the enemy troops added a -final mek- dramatic touch by surrendering abject-1 ly or fleeing in terror as the heavy leads . lumbered , onto the stage and reached forth their shooting irons." Aa recorded "In the official communi cation, the British captured - German defenses along a mile front to a depth of 500 yards. Among the strongholds oemiTjied wre the famous Triangle, Hibau and Cookcroft farms, the .sites of exceedingly strong concrete and steel machine gun redoubts tnat menacea the infantry advance. It was dawn wlhen the tanks lined up and waited for the signal to go "over the top." The British artillery observing no less of chivalry to the tanks than to the infantry in. the past, poured a preliminary stream of shells into . the Geirman lines, tslren dropped, a barrage ahead of the Iron monitors, which started forward, looking for all the world like great dragon that bad rolled out from one of Hans Andeawon'a conceptions into the gray morning light - that ethrouded this battlefield In the viocK Pit-ox laurope"! : ,.t IS HERE FOR MEIO Southern Republic Assured by American Government That Money Can be Obtained WILL TRY FOR $250,000,000 American Bankers Have Only Been Waiting For State Department's Assurances That Loan Would Be Safeguarded. Washingtojn, August 20. After more than two years of pleading for financial assistance the Mexican gov ernment has been assured that Am erican money can be obtained. It was learned today that the American gov ernment has finally conveyed the in timation to American bankers that its faith in the Carranza government has grown to the extent that it feels jus tified in extending moral endorsement of a loan. Officials of the Mexican government have denied that any direct effort has been made to obtain a loan in the United States but American bankers have been approached repeatedly with the suggestion that they finance the new government in that country and a more direct effort was made many months ago in London. The London bankers refused to have anything to do with the project. The American bankers never were averse to placing money in Mexico if assurance of some sort could bg, had from the State Department that their investment wcwild, be safeguarded. The exact character of the assurance now given them has not been revealed, but it is understood that in ' the event a Mexican loan is floated in this country, President Carranza will agree to receive advice as to its expenditure and to a degree, of supervision. Mexico will try to obtain at least $250,000,000. The Mexican congress authorized the floating.f a $150,000, 000 loan and in addition to that $100, 000,000 will be asked for the rehabili tation of the railways. Reports to the State Department both from Ambassador Fletcher and from consuls continued to indi cate a steady though slow increase in the strength of the Carranza gov ernment. GEN. MORRISON IS NOW IN COMMAND AT CAMP SEVIER Greenville, S. C, Aug. 20. Major General John F. Morrison, accompanied by his aide, Copt. Louis P. Ford, arrived here today from Fort Oglethorpe and assumed command at Camp Sevier. Gen eral Morrison was recently appointed commander of the 13th Division, com posed of National Guard units of North and South Carolina, Tennessee and the District of Columbia, which will pe trained at Camp Sevier. JUDGE BIGGS SUGGEEDS LATE BU JUSTICE Will Go to California to Take Charge of Land Case Raleigh Jurist Announces Hia Accept ance of State Department's Ap pointmentLeaves for the West Kext Month. (Spec Lai Star Telegram.) Raleigh, N. C, Aug. 20. In a state ment issued this evening Judge J. Crawford Biggs said he has accepted the appointment by the Department of Justice at Washington to take charge of the government's cases against the Southern Pacific Railroad pending in the Federal courts of California, insti tuted by the late E. J. Justice. He will leave for California In Sep tember, will retain his citizenship here and his family will not accompany him. He will devote Ms time exclusively to the completion of the preparation of the cases until heard, which will be some time next spring.' Bis headquarters will be either in San Francisco or Los Arugeles The suits were brought to cancel on the ground of fraud many grants held by the railroad company "to thousands of acres of oil lands. The case as now on record has 16,000 typewritten pages and is known as 'The Billion Dollar Gae-'"'One'- of the most important and for th-largiej?t amount evjer instituted. LOAN AVAILABLE PROPOSE TO MAKE DESTROYER FLEE! WORLD'S GREATEST Daniels Confers With Shipbuild ers and Engine 'Makers as to Maximum Output THE U-BOAT'S ARCH ENEMY Destroyer Has Been Proven the Most Effective Means of Hunting Submarines Washington, August 20. Prelimi nary steps toward providing the navy with as many additional destrpyers as American plants can turn out were taken by Secretary Daniels today at a conference with more than a score of shipbuilders, engine makers and representatives of other industries. Information was submitted by the builders as to what they could do in the way of expanding their facilities. Navy officials will study the reports and suggest a definite plan for the accomplishment of their purpose, which is to make the United States first in' destroyers, the arch enemy of the submarine. The main difficulty is to find facili ties for turning out the engines. To day's conference dealt largely with this aspedt. The destroyer has proved itself by experience the most efficient U-boat hunter because of its speed and sea going quality. The U-boats seldom expose themselves within range of a destroyer's guns. The average underwater speed of submarines is about 10 knots an hour, although the big ocean going cruisers turned out by the Germans have a surface speed of probably 18 knots. Steamers employed as troop ships make not less than 12 knots an hour. so that they need not fear under water attack from the. rear and with destroyer convoys to -xprqtect them ahead only chance encwunters- wstn submersibles which lie directly in their path are to be expected. TO PROTECT AGAINST HIGH INTEREST RATES House Committee to Discuss the Issu- ancex Short Term Bonds For Domestic Needs. Washington August 20. The ad visability of issuing for domestic needs along with long term war bonds, a eeries of short term bonds, payable n from three- to Ave years, to pre vent payment of high interest charg es though a cheap money period which experts think may follow the war, will be discussed by the House Ways and Means committee when it meets late this week. Such a plan is being agitated in Eng land, where interest rates have mount ed rapidly and much English data on the subject has been collected here. No enough war bonds for domestic needs have been authorized thus far to give the administration financiers much concern about their duration, but the prospect that further issues are inevitable have aroused interest in the short term bonds proposals. The new issue of bonds for allied loans will carry four per cent interest in all probability, and a five per cent rate on all bonds if the war continues longf ls predicted by many. CHERRY AND BERNFBLD PLEAD GUIITY OF DRAFT CONSPIRACY Case of Dentist Also Mixed In the Plot to Be Heard Next. New York August 20. With two former members of the draft exempt tion board No. 99 in this city sentenc ed to two years each in the Federal penitentiary at Atlanta after they had pleaded guilty to charges of conspir acy to obstruct the selective draft law Federal attorneys announced late today that speedy justice would be sought in the case of Kalman Gruher, a dentist, indicted as an alleged "go between." The government charged that Gruher arranged with drafted men for payment of money in return for false exemption certificates. Louis I. Cherry and Dr. A. S. Bern feld are the former members of the board who pleaded guilty. GENERAL PETAIN REVIEWS THE AMERICAN EXPEDITION Expresses Delight at What He Saw Pershing Accompanied Hint. American Training Camp In France, Sunday, August 19. (By The Associat ed Press). General Petain, comman.l er in chief of the French armies, paid his first visit today to the American troops in France and expressed him self as delighted with what he saw. "I am exceedingly pleased and gratU fled with what I have seen during this inspection," he said. "Training has progressed so well that I feel certain' the American troops will form an ex cellent fighting force in a very short time." - . The French general was accompan ied by Major General John J. Persu ing, the American commander. MOBILIZATION POSTPONED. Date of Assembling Second and Third Increments Moved Back. Washington, August 20: Mobiliza tion of the second increment of draft troops was today changed from Sep tember 15 to 19 and the third incre ment from September 30 to October 3. Mobilization of the first increment will be as previously announced Sep tember 5. .'. ; The postponements are said to he due to delays in the . local boards in 'get ting their ,4uotas.ready fox service. GEpI if I. W 1 TO I STRIKE W. FAILS Arrests of Leaders by Military Au thorities Probably Had a Powerful Influence 27 OF THE MEN STILL HELD 15,000 Troops Available in- the Four States Threatened. Farmers Are Organized San Francisco, August- 20. No evi dence of a general strike of construc tion workers and harvest hands was visible in the states of Washington, Oregon, Idaho and Montana tonight, and so far as could be ascertained, no attempt was made by any I. W. W. leader to carry out the strike order issued recently by James Rowan, dis trict I. W. W. secretary, at Spokane. The swift and unexp&ted action last night of military authorities at Spo kane in arresting Rowan and 28 other alleged Industrial Workers of the World is believed to have had a pow erful influence in deterring the radi cal members of the organization from precipitating a strike which, it is ad mitted, might have had serious re sults. The 27 men whp were arrested by Major Clement Wilkins, in charge cf the National Guardsmen at ' Spokane, on instructions from state officials, and Colonel Clarence W. Dentler, com mander of the United States army in the Northwest, are held as military prisoners and will be examined in a few days. Some of them, it is said, will be released after the hearing, which will be conducted by Major Wil kins. Their arrest came on the eve of their proposed general strike because state and army officials consider their proposed action would interfere with the prosecution of the war. It was announced today at the headquarters of Colonel Dentler. ., at Portland, that' fiffteen thousand troopS were available in the four Northwest state's. In addition, the farmers and other agricultural and horticultural in terests have perfected organizations for their mutual protection and are prepared to meet any situation. RECOGNIZES "UNWRITTEN LAW" Lieutenant Douglas Malcolm Released by English Jury. Liondon, Aug. 20. "The unwritten law" was recognized by an English jury today almost for the first time within the recollection of the English public Justifiable hoiwioide in self defense," was the verdict rendered by a London coroner's jury in the case of Lieut. Douglas Malcolm who shot and killed a foreigner, Anton Baumberg, styling ihlmself Count De Boroh." Lieutenant Malcolm, who was a weal thy young merchant before the war, returned on leave from France and found his wife with the o-oalled count. He attacked the "count" and after wards challenged him to a duel, but the "count" ignored the challenge. Mal colm visited the "count" London lodg ings and other lodged testified to hear ing a struggle followed by a revolver shot. They found the "count" dead. Wilmington Or Fayetteville May Land Aviation School GOVERNMENT CONTROL OF GOAL STEP NEARER Robert S. Lovett Named Director of Priority Shipments Coal For the Northwest Has Prefer ence Over All Other Freight President Expected to Name Coal Administrator. Washington, August 20. Govern ment control of the coal Industry mov ed a step nearer today when President Wilson formally named Robert S. Lov ett, of the War Industries Board, di rector, of priority of transportation and approved an order issued by Judge Lovett directing that rail and steam ship lines give bituminous coal ship ments to the Northwest preference over all other freight movements. Within the next day pr so the Presi dent is expected to appoint a coal ad ministrator on whom he will confer authority to control coal production and distribution, including price-fixing powers given to the executive in the food control act. At an hour's confer ence with the Federal Trade Commis sion he went over details of his plans. There was no intimation tonight as to'wlhom the Trecident will name. It was said he probably would not se lect - a member of the trade commis (Continued on Page . Three). . t JUDGE SPEER ISSUES DECISION UPHOLDING THE ARMY DRAFT LAW FAVOR INCREASE IN REVENUE BILL Sentiment Grows in the Senate to Advance Taxes on War Profits and Incomes SEVERAL SPEECHES MADE LaFollette's Address Is Scheduled for Today Finance Committee Disap proves Invoking of do tore Rule. Washington, Aug. 20. Widespread sentiment in the Senate in favor of add ing to the total of the war tax bill by imposing higher rates on war profits and income taxes received new impetus today with the opening of the third week of debate. Speeches advocating such increases were made by Senators Johnson, of California; Hollis, of New Hampshire, and Jones, of New Mexdco. Tomorrow Senator LaFoUette is expect ed to make his address in favor of levy ing virtually all war taxes uppm in comes and war. profits. Senator King is preparing a substitute bill providing much higher rates on these sources. No action was taken by the Senate during the day. After Senator LraFol lette's speech, however, it is planned to proceed with actual consideration of the Income and war profit sections. Leaders have telegraphed absentees to be present tomorrow. The Senate Finance committee today disapproved invoking cloture, but Sen ator Simmons plans soon to have a day fixed by agreement for a final vote. In advocating .greater Federal levies on war profits , and. mimonairea in comes. Senator Johnson said the Amer ican you-th had been conscripted and that swwllen fortunes "coined from the blood of the nation." . . also should be drafted. He recommended that the gov ernment take 80. per cent of war profits as great Britain, does and half as millionaires' incomes. Senator LaFotlette .intooduced two amendments to the income tax section on behalf of the minority. One propos ed increases in surtaxes and incomes between $5,000 and $7,500. An alterna tive amendment would have the princi pal surtaxes apply to Incomes from $5,000 to $17,000 iwlth a maximum of 33 ner cent on those over the latter figure Senator New, of Indiana, also intro duced an amendment proposing that in the computation of normal profits in dustries which experienced abnormal depression during 1911, 1912 and 11 3, the pre-war period fixed by the bill, could select any of tiie four years from 1909 to 1913 as the basis of fixing nor mal profits Hospital' Corps Arrives. Greenville, S. C, August 20. The hospital corps of tb - XEaited States regulars from Madlaott liar racks und er command of Sergeant C. A. Parish, with 120 men reported at Camp Se vier this afternoon.- - ' Morehead City Had Been Practi cally Decided Upon But Lo cation May be Changed BETTER THAN ARMY CAMP (Special Star Telegram.) Washington, D. C, August 20. Wil mington and Fayetteville are making a fight for the aviation school which will be established at either Morehead City, Wilmington or Fayetteville. A few days ao tlac V,cr Department had practically decided to give the camp to Morehead City, Put now it appears that either Wilmington or Fayette ville will get the prize. It is considered here that an aviation school Is really more desirable for a city from a financial point "of view than one of the cantonments or Na tional Guard camps. The moral and financial effect is not so bad. There are nt as many men in one of the aviation schools but as a rule they are of a high type of men and there fore more desirable. It is estimated, too, that for the money expended by a city in comparison with the two the aviation school brings far greater results. There will be at least sixty airships for practice purposes at the camp at all times. Each machine requires three men in addition to the 'man who op erates the flier. Then there are hun dreds of expert machinists who do nothing but look after the engines used in the airships. No engine is used more than twenty-four hours in an airship before it is torn down and completely overhauled. It is estimated now that something like 1,500 men will go to the camp for training ' purposes and Including those who work around the place something like 3,000 men will be on hand at all times. , ' Denies Habeas Corpus Writs of Two Eligibles Represented by Thomas E. Watson SOLDIER IS NOT A SLAVE Asserts the Law in No Way Con travenes the 13th Amend ment to Constitution IS MEASURE OF DEFENSE To Bender Decision on Watson's "Jeffersonian" Mount Airy, Ga., Aug. 20. Ifed- . eral District Judge Speer held the selective draft law constitutional in a decision made public here to day. The decision was rendered on applications for1 writs of habeas corpus-for Albert Jones arid John Story, held in the Richmond coun ty Ga., jail, charged with violat ing the law and represented by Thomas E. Watson. Watson contended that the law is in con travention of the involuntary ser vitude amendment. To Decide "Jefferson" Case. Judge Speer left for Fairfield, N. C, where it is expected he will decide whether or not "The Jeffersonian", a magazine published by Watson, shall be allowed in the mails. It has been denied admission by' the postmaster at Thomson, Ga., tih place of publication, because it contained what had been charged seditious utterances. Judge Speer In denying the writs, de clared that to agree to the contention that the selective draft law contra venes the 13th Amendment would be to conclude that the soldier is a slave. Abhorrent to Truth. "Nothingxuld be more abhorrent to the truth," said Judge Speer, "nothing more degrading to that indispensable and gallant body of citizens trained In arms, to whose manhood, skill and cour age, is, and must be committed the .sk of maintaining the very existence of the nation and all that its people hold, dear." Answering the contention of the pe titioners that by the common law it was their rightHo "remain within the realm," and that this right should be held to relieve them from military service beyond the borders of the Unit ed States, Judge Speer said the common law could not prevail against the ex plicit provisions of an act of Congress, which was empowered by the constitu tion to raise and support armies. He" declared that this power was not re stricted in any manner and that Con gress may summon to its army every 'citizen of the United States. Necessary for Defense. Admitting that no express power was given to send armies beyond the sea, he said that there was no express pow er to enact the criminal laws of the United States, building of the Panama Canal or to purchase Alaska. "This has all been done," he said, "under the great power to promote the general welfare, just as the selective army Willi be created under the law here assailed to provide for the common defense "and beyond and above all, le the inherent power of every nation, however organized, to utilize its every man and its energy to defend its lib erty" OFFICIALS THINK QUKSTION IS DEFINITELY SETTLED Washington, August 20. Judge Speer's decision, in the first case, brought to test the selective draft law, was made public tonight by the Department of Justice. Any question1 as to the act's constitutionality, offi cials believe, is definitely and com pletely disposed of by a Supreme Court decision cited by the Georgia judge. It was in the case of the United States versus Tarble and the court said: "Among the powers assigned to the national government is the power to raise and support armies Its control over the subject is plenary and ex clusive. It can determine without question from any state authority how the army shall be raised, whether by voluntary enlistment or forced draft." TROLLEY JUMPS TRACK. Many Injured When Car Crahe Into Telegraph Pole. , Norfolk, Va., August 20, Twelve passengers were severely injured and a score of others bruised and shaken up this morning when a car on the Atlantic Terminal division of the Vir ginia Railway & Power Company, hut led from a sharp curve at Debree Av enue and Twentieth street, and dashed Into a telegraph pole. A second wreck occurred at 9:30 o'clock tonight when a car of the same company jumped the track at Church and Twenty-sixth streets, injuring two passengers. Nominations Confirmed. 9 Washington, August 20. Without opposition the Senate today confirmed nominations of formef Representative Victor Murdock, of Kansas, to the Federal Trade Commission, and all exceDt two of nearly 200 major gener als and brigadier generals recently i named by. President SEUspn i -A, v 't v f i A - j J .V- r -4 ",1 4 f "I 3 Id :'4 ! j i' Of s tX i it' 1: