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(“Served By Leased Wire Of The — associated PRESS REMEMBER WIDE WORLD With Complete Coverage Of PEAL HARBOR _Stale and National News BATAAM rmAs—M)' 239 ----. --;---— ESTABLISHED 1867. Jar Declared On The Axis fly Mexicans President Signs Declaration Against Germany, Italy, Japan MUST bTpublished Country Is 27th United Nations Aligned Against Aggressor Countries MEXICO CITY, June 1.— (^—President Manuel Avila Camacho signed the declara tion tonight putting Mexico at war against Germany, Ja pori and Italy. The only remaining formality was the publication of the war declara tion tomorrow in the official ga zette. uiith fViA first war Hprlaratinn in Mexican history, this country be came the 27th of the United Na tions aligned against the Axis. The president, acting with the un animous approval of a special ses sion of Congress, also signed a batch of bills granting him extra ordinary powers to mobilize the resources and manpower of the na ♦ion. Mexico's entry into the war was accelerated by the sinking of two Mexican ships by Axis torpedoes and was definitely decided upon when the Axis bluntly refused even to receive the Mexican protest over the first sinking, off the coast of Florida. Mexico at first was determined to pursue a course of non-belligerent alliance with the United SSates as lone of the best neighbors in Pan American solidarity. This country quickly broke diplomatic relations [with the Axis after Pearl Harbor and pledged short-of-war coopera !!ion in the American war effort. Then came these' provoking de velopments. May 13.—the sinking of the Mex ican tanker Portrero Del Llano within sight of shore watchers at Miami, Fla., and the subsequent refusal of the Axis even to receive a protest through Stockholm. May 20.—the sinking of the Mex ican ship Faja De Oro off Cuba. On May 22 the cabinet agreed that Mexico must go to war and the special session of Congress ap proved last weekend. Thus the chief executive acted formally for war only 20 days aft er the first submarine attack on Mexican shipping. With him at his home for the signing was the interior minster Mguel Aleman. The Swedish Charge D’affaires, Rolf Arfwedson, who represents Germany, Italy and Japan here, was then called to the foreign of fice to be told of Mexico’s declara tion. “I can only say I was summon ed here to receive Mexico’s deci sion as regards war,’’ he said. The notes of declaration were sent to the Axis powers through Stockholm. The Army’s general staff was assembled, and troops, sailors and Marines already were pouring into Positions on the Pacific and Gulf coasts. The general staff said the Army 70,000 was being reorganized (Continued on Page Six; Col. 3) CEILINGSWOULD retard farming Some Form Of Regulation Needed, Declares Farm Agent Galphin on w'er a price ceiling is placed < Pe sale of farm products, the ‘ers °f the country will have e incentive to plant and harvest Dhin Cr°ps”’ declared R. W. Gal dav' County farm agent, yester Prov!ri6jS some form of regulatin is Price-6* to heeP the farm products well aS t0 a certain level as a se* S keepin8 it from going above to vffr‘Ce' the farmer is certain cron Her under a plan of farm M PI!cp cootrol,” he continued. Offic Galphi.n announced that the ty-le of Price Administration in Pose m§to.n. was Preparing to im duct 3 cedin8 price on farm pro the f apd that he was to address mPD(aimcrs of the county at a ^bjeef Thursday night on that «,the farm product output and tand V COU'd he regulated before )the as is done in factories and r industries, a ceiling could inP,rn?0Sed without injury to any R tMr- Galphin said. utl it is impossible for a farm ; ° resulate his output as the 5, pb a.nd their yields are very 1 n wiped out by bad weather or (Continued on P»je Two; Col. 6) Another Liberty Freighter Laur -;-■ . n—cmi k* mmmmm % Miss Frances Robeson, of Newport News, Va., is shown as she christened the S. S. Thomas Sumter, thirteenth Liberty freigh ter built in the yards of the North Carolina Shipbuilding company, which was launche d here Sunday. Reduced Rent Prices Go Into Effect Here Jeffrey Urges Owners To Cut And Seek Adjustments Later Rent-ridden war workers—and all other house-rent payers as well—in New Hanover county yesterday came under the protection of this nation’s first rent-control law as boom-time rates automatically regressed to the more moderate levels of April 1, 1941, but there was no joy in the office of Area Rent Director George W. Jeffrey, who was flooded with requests from landlords for adjustments upward from the 1941 legal rent, and from tenants anxious to enjoy the full benefits of the law. Registration of all rented dwellings — a necessary prelim inary to administration of the law —cannot be started until the OPA’s rent offices in Wilmington are equipped with forms and a staff. Meantime, Jeffrey appealed to landlords to immediately cut the rent back to the same amount collected as of April 1, 1941, and let adjustments, if any, come later. In some cases, he admitted, this would mean slashing the in come of landlords in half, or even more. “While rents in the New Han over area have advanced around 25 per cent since April 1, 1941,’ he said, “there are cases where the advance has been as much as 200 per cent. Briefly, the 1 a w requires that every person renting a building for habitation must not charge more rent for the same building that he charged on April 1, 1941. “The tenant cannot be evicted, so long as he pays the new legal rate, no matter if his lease has expired. He may only be evicted if the own er wants the property for his own use, for sale, or for remodeling. The area rent director may grant an upward adjustment in the le gal rent if major capital improve ments have beep made on the building, or if substantial services have been added. Present main tenance and service must be con tinued. On dwellings completed since April 1, 1941, the legal rent will be the same as the first rent rate established, provided, however this is not out of line with rents for comparable dwellings. New Hanover is the first of eleven counties called ‘defense rental areas’ to have the r ent ceiling imposed. “Only one other area—the Cum. berland-Hoke area, has an April 1, 1941 date as a ceiling. The others will have rents rolled back to March 2, 1942, provided the com pulsory rent control law is invoked. They now are working out a 60 day period of voluntary compli ance .” Jeffrey said the New Hanover rent situation was probably the most perplexing in the state. He estimated the population of Wil mington had doubled in the last two years. Normally, the county has a population of about 49,000. COLOGNE ATTACK ENRAGES NAZIS ‘Nightmare Of Sunday Still Weighing On Popula tion/ Says Broadcast — BERLIN (From German Broad casts), June 1. — (iP> — The Berlin radio quoted dispatches from C> logne tonight as saying that 13 9 civilians thus far had died as a re sult of the British raid, and that “the nightmare of Sunday still is weighing on the Cologne popu lation.” “Far reaching measures w e re taken from those who have lost their homes,” the West Deutsche Beobachter said, “and the home less are showing much discipline although many have lost their en tire property. “The British bombers carried out a terror attack which resulted in great damage to property. In discriminately residential quarters were attacked in all parts of the town. “The regional headquarters of the National Socialist Peoples Welfare Organization, for instance, was completely destroyed. Likewise, big department stores and schools were destroyed. The police headquarters, fair buildings, business houses and schools as well as three churches and two hospitals were heavily damaged. The roofs in particular caught fire in many districts. “. . . The population is pro foundly indignant and enraged at this British atrocity. If the British believed that they could call forth panic or disintegrate the will to offer resistance by their terror- at. tack they have attained the op posite. “. . .The attackers achieved nothing in a military way. . .may Churchill do what he wants, the final victory is ours.” Japs Increase Pressure Upon Chinese Provinces By SPENCER MOOSA CHUNCKING, China, June 1.— UP)—1The Japanese have broadened their drive upon China’s, coastal provinces with a major offensive in Kwangtung, north of the ocupied provincial capital of Canton, and heavy fighting is raging in this new theater, the Chinese command announced today. The fighting spread to Kwang tung, China’s southermost sea board province, following thrusts to the north last month against the Fukien coast and across Chek iang province. In the latter, the Chinese said a new Japanese ad vance had been offset by recapture of numerous towns in the enemy rear. Coupled with Chinese successes in Chekiang, where the towns of Chenghsier. and Changlochen were reported among those recaptured, the Chinese announced further ad vances by their forces driving to ward Ichang, strategic port of the middle Yangtze and highwater mark of the enemy campaign in the heart of China. In still another setback to the invader, the Chinese said Japa (Contlnued on Page Three; Col. 7) U. S. PLANES RAID JAP BURMA BASES Enemy Tanker Sunk And Other Vessels Are Re ported Damaged WASHINGTON, June 1— Wl — The War Department reported to day that American heavy bombers in the Indian command of Major General Lewis H. Brereton had conducted three successful air raids over Japanese positions in Burma this week-end, sinking an eneqny tanker, damaging other vessels, scoring hits on runways at an port and inflicting some dama ge Art parked airplanes. ...A. All of the V American' 1& Jj? returned undamaged to their base in India, said a department com munique, despite heavy anti-air craft fire and attempted intercep tion by enemy planes. (Some details of the bombers’ feats had been released at New Delhi, India, earlier in the day). The text of the communique is sued here, No. 224 of the war fol lows: "1. Burma: “General Brereton reported today that heavy bombers of his com mand had conducted three success ful air raids over enemy instal lations in Burma. “On May 29 and May 30, America army bombers attacked the air drome at Myitkyina in daylight raids. Heavy damage to runways and some damage to parked air craft resulted. “Reconnaissance planes of Gen eral Brereton’s air force flew over Rangoon on May 31, and on June 1 American army bombers at tacked the docks and shipping at Rangoon. One enemy tanker was sunk and other vessels were dam aged. Heavy anti-aircraft fire was encountered and the enemy planes attempted interceptions. From these flights all of our planes re turned undamaged to their base. “2. There is nothing to report from other areas.” -V Doubling Of Civilian Pilot Fund Is Asked WASHINGTON, June 1— UP — President Roosevelt asked Congress today to approximately double the budget estimate of $36,000,000 for civilian pilot training by the ad ministrator of civil aeronautics under the Department of Commerce for the 1943 fiscal year. He submitted to the House a supplemental estimate asking that $36,677,450 be added to the $36, 000,000 alrady provided in the De 000,000 already provided in the De partment of Commerce appropria tion act for 19433. The original pro gram for the training of about 13, 000 pilots. WEATHER FORECAST T -7., h,Carolina and South Carolina uttle change in temperature Tuesday. (Eastern Standard Time) (Meteorological data for the 34 hours ending 7:30 p. m. yesterday) Temperature 1:30 a. m. 69. Maximum 85. 7:30 a. m. 72. Minimum 67. 1:30 p. m. 84. Mean 76. 7:30 p. m. 76. Normal 75. Humidity 1:30 a. m. 92. 7:30 a. m. 85. 1:30 p. m. 53. 7:30 p. m. 65. Precipitation Total for the 24 hours ending 7:30 p. m. 0.00 inches. Total since the first of the month 0.00 inches. Tides For Today (From Tide Tables published by U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey) High Low Wilmington __ 12:07a 7:19a 12:29p 7:31p Masonboro Inlet_ 10:21a 4:16a 10:53p 4:22p Sunrise 5:01a. Sunset 7:19p. Moonrise 10:49p. Moonset 8:41a. Cape Fear river stage at Fayette ville on Monday at 8 a. m. 9.75 feet. (Continued on Page Ten; Column 3) Fighting Bogs Down In War On East Front — ► Armies Believed Girding For Outbreak Of Even Greater Battles MONDAY IS QUIET Russians Claim 432 Nazi Planes Destroyed In The Week Ending May 30 f - i By HENRY C. CASSIDY | MOSCOW, June 1.—(£>)— fiach side dug in on its new fines in the Crimea and the Ukraine and prepared for a possible outbreak of even greater battles on the south tesrn front today as dispatches om that theater reported action for the first; time in ree weeks. /The midnight communique said tHere was no essential change in positions anywhere on the front during the day. It listed 432 German planes de stroyed in the weex ending May 30$ against 134 Russian losses for the period. Ih something resembling a standoff, the Russians about Khar kov were holding on io the wedges they had driven into the German lines and to a bridgehead across an important river where they had brought the German counter-at tack to a stop after their own drive had slowed down. As their part of the fruits of the first flurry of the 1942 spring cam paign, the Germans now held all of Kerch peninsula. As in indication of the latent force in the area, a Pravda cor respondent said Soviet reconnais Sjtce had discovered that one Ger 2ft .^armored column, which wound through a city and reached on to the horizon, was moving to ward the front. The correspondent did not make clear, however, whether these were fresh forces or troops which had moved up in the course of the battle. He said Soviet aviation in three days destroyed 50 of the tanks. Local activity over the week-end northwest of Moscow, where the Germans moved up reinforcements and the Russians attacked, sug gested to observers that the next great burst of spring fighting might come in that sector instead of in the south. 3 Miners Not Expected To Withdraw From CIO WASHINGTON, June 1— UP) — A subcommittee of the United Mine Workers’ policy committee will not recommend withdrawal from the CIO, an authoritative source disclosed tonight. The report to be submitted to morrow, however, will insist upon CIO’s recognition of a cash dect of $1,665,000 to the mine union and will endorse the proposal of its president, John L. Lewis, for resumption of unity negotiations with the AFL, it was reported. WILMINGTONHAS RAID REHEARSAL Test Is Most Realistic So Far As ‘Casualties’ Are Concerned Wilmington went through a re hearsal air raid last night in an extraordinarily realistic manner, so far as ‘casualties were concerned. Some thirty trucks, serving as ambulances, manned by doctors, stretcher bearers and nurses rush ed to “bombed” areas, administer ed first aid and sped the victims to the four casualty centers where full hospital squads worked as se riously and earnestly as if the wounds were real. But that was only one phase of the rehearsal. To begin with the yellow light flashed on at the con trol center, a signal from the filter station- that an enemy air force was approaching. Within a few minutes air raid wardens were calling the control room telling the extent of damage, equipment need ed and special requirements to meet the emrgncy. These messages were received by Commander C. David Jones, who read them out to the staff, where upon the particular control officer whose branch of relief was affect ed issued his orders to the serv ice corps. This proving slow, the (Continued on Pace Three; Col. 5) BOMBS ARE RAINED ON WIDE ‘INVASION PATH’ BY BRITISH —. ... . — . W __ Not Damned Thing Left Is W ay RAF Bomber Pilot Describes Cologne Raid By DREW MIDDLETON WITH THE RAF BOMBER COMMAND, June 1<jP—. . . . “Listen brother, there’s not a damned thing left in Cologne.” It was a 21-year-old Texan “Bud” Cardinal of (4800 Bryce Ave,) Forth Worth, speaking an Bud ought to know, for he was one of the first RAF air men to fly over the now-ruin ed German Rhineland city in Saturady night’s 1,250-plane raid. “You had to line up as though it was a movie,” he elaborat ed. “We went in plane by plane and when the boys really got swinging you couldn’t see the explosions of the bombs be cause the fire down there was so big.” Bud, who came out of Texas to join what he called ‘the Roy al Texas Air force” in Canada, was among the 6,000 British Scotch, Australian, Canadian and Barbadoes airmen who wheeled the big bombers over Cologne and its industrial en virons. “Jock,” a 19-year-old Scotch veteran—Cologne was his 18th big raid—said the hugh Hinden burg bridge across the Rhine “must have been blown to bits; nothing could stand in what we gave them.” All the pilots agreed that the RAF tactic of sending in bomb ers to drop incendiaries first had outlined the targets in flames and made the job eas ier for those who came later with the 3,000 tons of explo sive. There’s a guy named Charlie Honychurch from Brooklyn who was in on the raid,” said Cardinal. “He isn’t around just now but he says his ship came in slow, let go, then turned off. (Continued on Page Three; Col. 6) Maxwell Resents AuditorsReport Attempt Is Made To Dodge Responsibility, He Says RALEIGH, June 1.—(/P)—An audit report sharply criti cal of methods and practices followed by the State Depart ment of Revenue was made public today by the state audi tor’s office and it drew an immediate and bitter reply from Commissioner of Revenue A. J. Maxwell. I am willing to accept what ever responsibility properly be longs to me for irregularities that have occurred in the department,” Maxwell said, “but it seems to me that the state auditor’s auditing division has gone rather far afield in its efforts to dodge any respon sibility for these things and to nlace it entirely on my shoulders.” The report of the auditor’s of fice, prepared by T. N. Grice, said that revenue department records were so badly kept that “for the past several years the greater part of the time available for auditing the records of the department has been spent in getting the records in condition for audit.” In reply Maxwell said “I want to quote Grice against Grice.” In the audit for the year ended June 30. 1940, Maxwell said Grice had this to say: “ ‘The accounting records show ing the revenue collections and ex penditures made by this depart ment were in excellent condition, and we experience'! no difficulty in obtaining the information nec essary for the preparation of the financial statements submitted herewith.” The audit report and Maxwell’s reply followed by only a few weeks a series of trials here in which several former revenue depart ment employes were convicted of embezzlement or of aiding* and abetting in embezzlement. Sorr° of these employes are in prison or have appealed their convictions to the state supreme court. Release of the auditor’s office report immediately stirred specu lation that changes in the high command of the revenue depart ment were in the offing, but Max well’s spirited reply indicated that if the veteran revenue commission er goes out of office, he will go out fighting. Governor Broughton was not available here tonight for com ment on the situation. 3 -V SHIP TORPEDOED RIO DE JANEIRO, June 1—(/PI —The government announced the Brazilian ship Goncalves Dias was torpedoed and sunk May 24 off the North American Atlantic coast with a loss of six lives. BEACH ACCIDENT FATAL TO NURSE Overcome In Surf, Miss Annie Mae Hagood Dies In Hospital Later Annie Mae Hag-wood. ?0-year-old student nurse from Middlesex, w'ho was overcome while bathing at Wrightsvilie Beach late Monday aft ernoon, died at James Walker Me morial hospital at 8:30 p. m. after two hours in the hospital’s "iron lung” had failed to revive her. A trainee at Mary Elizabeth hos pital in Raleigh, Miss Hagw'ood was swimming at the foot of Charlotte street at the beach with Beatrice Gales and Catherine Loving, also students at the capital hospital, when undertow and wave^ forced her under the water. Miss Gales, who was injured in attempting to rescue her friend, was also treated. Hospital attendants, however, reported her condition as not serious. All three women were doing affiliate work at Babies hos pital, Wrightsvilie Sound. After being rescued at about 4:30 o’clock, Miss Gales and Miss Hag wood were taken in an ambulance to the Wilmington hospital and the latter placed in the mechanical res pirator. Miss Gales was treated and returned to Babies hospital. The section of the beach at which the three were swimming is not under the supervision o. lifeguards. “I guess we just went out too far,” one of the supervisors told another nurse. They w'ere about 40 yards off shore. Funeral arrangements for Miss Hag-wood were withheld pending ar rival here of relatives. House Refuses To Pass Canal, Pipeline Bill —- *-■— WASHINGTON, June 1.—Ov erriding its democratic leadership, the House refused today to pass a bill authorizing construction of an oil pipeline across Florida and a barge canal connecting the gulf and Atlantic inland waterways at an estimated cost of $144,000,000. While the way was left open for later consideration, Chairman Mansfield tD.-Tex.) of the Rivers and Harbors committee that had urged the measure’'- passage said he did not intend to press it furth er. “As far as I am concerned, the Ijill is dead,” Mansfield told re porters after the House had refus ed to pass the measure under sus pension of the rules, a procedure requiring a two-thirds vote. His motion for suspension re ceived only 85 votes while 121 votes were cast against it. However, Mansfield refused to say definitely he would not recon sider his stand. Speaker Rayburn, who had tak en the floor to speak for the bill, said he did not know when, if ever, the ■ measure would be brought up again under procedure (Continued on Page Three; rtpol. 4) German-Held Docks, From Holland To Cherbourg, Blasted In Attack NINE PLANES ARE LOST Assault Follows Cologne Raid As U. S. Pledges To Join In The Offensive By WES GALLAGHER LONDON, Tuesday, June «. (#*)—British bombers sprayed explosives over a 400-mile “invasion path” on the conti nent all day yesterday as the United States Air Force chief pledged that American pilots soon would join the RAF in a gigantic campaign to erase German industries city by city in attacks surpassing the historic 1,250-plane attack on Cologne. Swarms of hurricane and Boston bombers accompanied by spitfire fighters smashed at German-held docks and factories all the way from Holland to Cherbourg, losing nine planes to the Nazis’ two, a British communique said. As the word spread by radio into Europe that “the Yanks are coming,” hundreds of great four motored British bombers were awaiting only good weather ard the order “go to it again!” in the'" pulverizing smashes at German cities. In the big daylight sweeps the British attacked docks at Flush' ", Brugge, Cherbourg, Boulogne, Dieppe, and Abbeville, and a • ; factory at Calais which makes par achutes for the German air force. Dive on Targets Hurricane bombers diving at more than 400 miles per hour placed their explosives “smack > 1 the middle of the factory,” the air ministry news service said. Reports from neutral countries on the continent said that slrer • the homeless by hundreds of thous ands were streaming eastward from the Cologne area, away from the whole vulnerable Rhineland. A glimpse of the striking powei already built up by the RAF was seen in a disclosure that new crews had received their orders for a second tremendous onslaught last night when bad weather closed in and restricted operations. Germany cried out for reprisals, but the worse the Luftwaffe was able to deal out last night was a three - wave attack by 25 to 50 planes on the southeastern Eng land cathedral city of Canterbury The sharp counter-attack against the quiet little town left hundreds homeless and wrecked a number of historic buildings including sorftfe damage to churches, but cas ualties were described unofficially as light. (The fate of the great cathedra: of Canterbury was not disclosed but the British said it obviously was the target at which the Nazis struck.) With the big bombers held in readiness at scores of airdromes, fighters and fighter-bombers rapp ed away at northern France by daylight, and toward evening a large aerial force was seen flying at 20,000 feet across the channel (Continued on Page Two; Col. 1) MYRNALOYGETS DIVORCE DECREE Film Star Charges Pro ducer Husband With Mental Cruelty RENO, Nev., June 1—Ml—Act ress Myrna Loy, 36. was granted a divorce from Arthur TIornblow, 49, film producer, at a 10-minute hearing today. Miss Loy, who entered films in 1925, charged Hornblow had treat ed her with extreme mental cruelty causing her “great unhappiness and injured her health. ’ The hearing was private. Miss Loy who wore a grey tweed suit and a quilted grey ensemble bag and hat to match Her hair was done in a new “Victory bob,” de signed to conserve hair pins. She was accompanied by Lois Reiners and Shirley Ramsey. Miss Reiners testified that Miss Loy had resided at a Nevada guest ranch for the last six weeks. Mrs. Ramsey, companion and friend, will accom pany Miss Loy to New York to night. Hornblow and Miss Loy were married at Ensenada. Mexico, June 27, 1936, and for several years were regarded as the film colony’s most ideally married couple. They sepa rated March 27. t
Wilmington Morning Star (Wilmington, N.C.)
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June 2, 1942, edition 1
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