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THE ASSOCIATED PRESS is entitled to the exclusive use of all news stories appearing in The Wilmington Star. MONDAY, AUGUST 24, 1942 With confidence in our armed forces — with the unbounding de termination of our people—we will gain the inevitable triumph — so help U3 God. —Roosevelt’s War Message Star-N ewsProgram To aid in every way the prosecution of the war to complete victory. Public Port Terminals. Perfected Truck and Berry Preserving and Marketing Facilities. Seaside Highway from Wrlghtsvill* Beach to Bald Head Island. Extension of City Limits. 35-foot Cape Fear River channel, wider Turning Basin, with ship lanes Into industrial sites along Eastern bank south of Wilmington. Paved River Road to Southport, via Orton Plantation. Development of Pulp V*- od Production through sustained-yield methods through out Southeastern North Carolina Unified Industrial and Resort Promo tion ti Agency, supported by one county wide tax. Shipyards and Drydocks. Negro Health Center for Southeastern North Carolina, developed around the Community Hospital. Adequate nospltal facilities for white. Junior High School. Tobacco Warehouses for Export Buy ers. Development of native grape growing throughout Southeastern North Carolina. Modern Tuberculosis Sanatorium. TOP O’ THE MORNING He who wanders widest, lifts No more of beauty’s jealous veil "hen he who from his doorway sees The miracle of flowers and trees. —Whittier. -V More About Dieppe Ever since the Commandos conducted their spectacular raid on Dieppe there has been no end to the news of that event. Claims and counter-claims, human interest articles, stor ies of individual and mass heroism, have crowded the newspapers. And because the raid itself was a daring undertaking and may have set the pattern for other, even greater, invasions of the Continent, the public has taken all that has been offered and is still asking for more. But little or nothing has been written about the lay of the land and the waters in the region. The coast near Dieppe presents both favor able and unfavorable physical conditions to ' invaders. Out of the English channel rise the 1 sheer, white cliffs of Normandy, here and ' there cut by river valleys. A rocky shelf, 1 dry at low tide, extends all along the Dieppe 1 coast, generally not more than 200 yards wide. 1 To invasion forces, one disadvantage is that the beach shores on which landings may be made from small boats are often in the shad ow of commanding bluffs, from which the enemy could launch counter-attacks. The whole northern coast of France is con sidered dangerous for normal shipping be cause of its many offshore rocks and shal lows, its unequal depths, and its tricky cur rents. On the other hand, hazards which are known may turn out to be advantages in mili tary operations where special craft may be evolved to meet the necessities. The preval ent fogs of the area, too, though feared by peacetime® mariners, are today valuable for protective cover. Toward the eastern end of the English channel, where Dieppe is situated, the fogs are so common, especially in sum mer, that the land in some sections is almost never clear of mist. Dieppe itself has an extraordinary harbor. The break in the chalk cliffs, made by the estuary of the Arques river, takes the form of a narrow entrance which leads first to an outer, 16-acre harbor, and then' to the inner port, the latter with an area of 10 acres. Early Norman settlers named it Diep, because of its deep, sheltered position. The port has seen history made since Homan times. It was an important French naval base during the 17th-century wars | against England, Si**in and the Netherlands for control of the seas. In the late 1600 s. it was bombarded by a British fleet, and dur utg the Franco-Frussian War of lb70 it was ! occupied by the CiCJrmans. Several miles west of the Dieppe entrance, the little river valley in which the village of [ Pourville is located, is the only point on this 'section of the coast which slopes to beach level. East of Dieppe, the shore is again high and steep, sharply cut by a number of small streams. -V Situation In Orient News comes out of Chungking which loses none of its importance through the anony mity of its source. We know only that the authority is a “prominent Chinese strategist ,and competent observer of Japanese affairs." He declares that Japan is in a position to open a powerful offensive against Asiatic Russia at a moment’s notice, and gives his word for it that a German-Japanese agree ment exists which calls for the Japanese to attack the Soviet Union when Stalingrad falls into German hands. Japan has some thirty divisions in Man churia, fully inplemented, according to this authority. All preliminary arrangements are complete. But they may not be carried out. The attack on Siberia is subject to delay or abandonment, according to the turn of events in European Russia and also to the way affairs shape up in India. Japan’s at tention has been diverted to some extent from Siberia to Indian with the aid of the sheeted Gandhi. This Chinese observer is of the opinion that if Japan does not strike in Siberia before September there will be no hostilities in that area at least until next spring. The reason is obvious. If winter overtakes the Nazis again in European Russia and freezes Hitler’s armies before they have won a decisive vic tory, Japan would have launched a Siberian campaign with little gain for its pains. It would seem, then, that the holding of Stalingrad until winter returns is a major necessity, not only because the Russians would still have a flank from which to harry the foe but also because it would be a signal to Japan to lay off in Asia’s far north. As for an invasion of India, this Chinese i strategist declares Japan is well prepared to strike the first blow when she wishes. There are five divisions of Japanese in Burma and two in Malaya. With a tremendous force con centrated in Manchuria, eight or ten divi sions could well be spared for reinforcing the armies in the south. Japan’s plans call for no more than four divisions to start an invasion of India and only twelve for its later stages. If its estimates of the need are only approximately accurate, it is obvious that the campaign could be undertaken without mate rially weakening the strength of its armies on the Siberian border. In any event, tlje Chinese strategist is convinced that Japan will undertake no major campaign this month, and that when one is launched it will be governed by events in India and in European Russia. There is a distinct advantage for the Allies in this, if his assumption is correct. The United Na tions will have so much more time to pre pare their Pacific offensive, which cannot be safely delayed beyond the arrival of winter in Europe. --v— Paring Taxes There has long been an earnest effort to re duce the state, county and city tax burden so that the taxpaying public may the better meet the demands of federal taxation. Senator Wiley of Wisconsin adds his voice to others already heard in the crusade. “Since the war is a national life-saving ef fort,” he says, "every commonwealth should take steps to reduce the tax load of its citi zens, so they can better pay the federal tax, which will be enormous.” And the senator adds this practice “should be followed by coun ties and cities—where feasible.” It is not entirely plain in North Carolina where substantial cuts can be made, consid ering the sharp reduction in revenue from gasoline taxes and the approaching slump in auto license fees as automobiles have to be taken out of service through collapse of their tires. But with a legislative session in the offing it would be well for the members who will then gather at Raleigh to spend some time meanwhile in figuring ways and means to offset this and additional reductions in pub lic revenues without jeopardizing public serv ices which must be at par even in wartimes. How this city and New Hanover county can pare their budgets is not apparent, but neither the City Council nor the County Com mission can afford to dismiss the matter out of hand. As Senator Wiley says the federal tax will be enormous: and, as he fails to add, will grow even greater before the war bill is paid. _v_ Brazil In War It would seem that Germany deliberately set out to draw Brazil into the war on the side of the United Natiohs. The persistent sinking of Brazilian ships, in view of the number, can not have been the independent act of U-boat commanders. There must have been some order from Berlin to intensify the submarine campaign off Brazil’s shores. With subsid ance of ship sinkings in United States waters, as a result of our intensified patrol and con voy service, the Germans obviously deter mined to turn to the next best target, re gardless of the fact that the new campaign was directed against a non-belligerent nation. What Germany expects to gain is not wholly apparent. It may be that tfie German war plans definitely include invasion of this hemis phere, for which Brazil is best situated geo graphically. In this case, the Nazis would be attempting a landing in an enemy country, not in neutral territory. Even so, the time now available to Brazil to prepare her' de fenses will work against an enemy expedi tionary force. What Germany will lose by taking on an other enemy people is easily understood. Bra zil is a rich storehouse of raw materials, which may now be tapped by the United Na tions, particularly by the United States. Her resources cannot fail to help solve some of our war production problems, in which mate rials are a vital factor. Transportation to the United States will figure in utilizing Brazil’s natural resources for the United Nations war program, but it is conceivable that the new system of patrol and convoy, and an unnounced but efficient further step in protecting shipping, will en able us to move ships from Brazil to North American ports with increasing success. Whatever the reason* behind Germany’s ac tion in driving Brazil into the war, the Axis stands to lose more than it could possibly gain. Brazil is indeed a welcome partner of the nations arrayed against Hitler and his scheme of world domination. _ \T Washington Daybook By JACK STINNETT WASHINGTON — These are strange days, but none is stranger than that recently when Bernard M. (for Mannes) Baruch, the 72 year-old patriarch of war production, was ap pointed head of a three-man board to give the public the lowdcwn on the rubber situa tion. Baruch has been in and out of the war pic ture for 25 years. He has bounced around in so many government advisory jobs that his latest appointment as chairman of the rubber commission is something of a laugh. But don’t toss it off so easily. There are, in Washington, two schools of thought about Baruch’s new job as chief of the B-C-C com mittee (B for Baruch; C for Dr. James B. Conant, president of Harvard; and C for Dr. Karl Compton, president of Massachusetts In stitute of Technology). One school leans to the idea that the com mission was appointed merely to give prestige to the coming orders on conservation of rub ber (mileage control, rationing, etc.). The other claims that Baruch and his associates form the only team in the country that can straighten out the rubber muddle. Take it any way you like,' the phenomenon is “Berny” Baruch. There is no more spine tingling sight in Washington today than to see this gaunt, white-haired old man holding his conferences on a bemch in Lafayette Square. It’s just across the street from the White House, but that isn’t nearly as impor tant as the fact that it’s just across the street from Baruch’s hotel. He likes the outdoors. When he’s in New York he hardly ever misses a day tramping around the reservoir in Central Park. When he’s at “Hobcaw,” his South Carolina plan tation, he hunts, fishes, rides horseback. In Washington, Lafayette Square is about as far away as he can get from the center of ac tivity that is his hotel suite. Baruch brings into the muddled rubber pic ture an even more muddled political and social personality. He never has objected to being called a gambler and the fortunes he has won and lost on Wall Street make it a deserving title. (But he won’t play bridge for more than nominal stakes.) He has been dub bed “advisor to the Presidents” and indeed he has been. (But he has backed more wrong men than anybody in the national picture to day—A1 Smith for nomination and election, and Governor Ritchie for the nomination against Roosevelt, to mention only two.) In spite of the fact that he has been identi fied with Wall Street most of his life, he prob ably fought longer and harder than any one man to take the profit out of war. For 20 years or so, he battled for agricultural re forms and his farm plan, with considerable variations, was the basis for the New Deal agricultural aid program. Out of his World War activities as chief of the War Industries Board and later investiga tions came the M-Day industrial mobilization plans which were forerunners of our present conversion to all-out war and incidentally the basis for Nazi war industrialization. He has been a vigorous proponent of over all price, rent and wage controls and has fre quently expressed his dissatisfaction with the half-way measures of our present anti-infla tion program. TT Quotations We must form here (in England) the best army the United States has ever put into the field if we are to perform our future tasks successfully.—Lieut.-Gen. Dwight D. Eisen hower, commanding U. S. Army forces in European theater. * * * I was repeatedly forced to sit down Japa nese fashion on the floor and was beaten for hours with rubber hose and leather belting. —D. Edward Hugher Miller, American citi zen held by Japs. * * * When the proper time comes, I am sure our President and England's premier will give the word to advance, but in the meantime let us refrain from doing anything which might force their hands. — Gov. Herbert Lehman, New York. * * * They will have to turn combat planes out faster than I can use them. I must have enough airplanes to win this war.—Lieut. Gen. Henry H. Arnold, commanding general, U. S. Air Forces. * * * There is a priority on time these days, just as on everything else.—Dr. Erwin Ad man, Columbia professor. * • * It is not good for the public to feel that ■ all the glorious work toward winning this ■ war—and toward winning the peace which ' will follow—is performed by the men in uni : form. — Daniel L. Marsh, president Boston ! University. • * * * As long as we have surface navies the ’ causes 1jhat brought about the battleship will ■ bring it back again. It may be a different . type, but it will still be a battleship.—Ad . miral Arthur J. Hepburn, U. S. Navy. * * * 1 When victory comes we shall stand shoulder . to shoulder in seeking to nourish the great . ideals for which we fight. It is a worth while battle.—Prime Minister Winston Church r ill, to President Roosevelt. I JUST A SAMPLE Civilian Defense Timetable BASIC TRAINING COURSES High school room 109 at 8 p. m. Fire Defense A: Every Monday General Course: Every Tuesday. Gas Defense B: Every Wednes day. FIRT AID 10 HOURS High School Gymnasium at 8 p. m. A special course for messengers will begin in about 2 weeks. First lesson: Every Monday. Second lesson: Every Tuesday. Third lesson: Every Wednesday. Fourth lesson: Every Thursday Final lesson: Every Friday. FIRST AID 20 HOURS Begins Wednesday, August 26. Grand Jury Room, Court House, at 9 p. m. (SPECIAL COURSES Fire Defense B: Every Thurs day, Fire Dept., 4th and Dock Sts. Police Course: Every Thursday, High School room 109, at 8 p. m. ’ TRAINING COURSES (Colored) All classes begin at 8 p. m. First Aid: 10 hours, Wednesday and Friday nights, at Gregory Community church, 7th and Nun Sts. Gas Defense B: Monday, August 24, Gregory Communitl church, 7th and Nun Sts. — If you hear or observe anything suspicious in character report it promptly to: Wilmington Police, 5244. Wrightsville Beach Police, 7504. Carolina Beach Police, 2001. Captain of the Port, 2-2278. County Defense Council, 3123. Sheriff, 4252. -V As Others Say It TWO OF A KIND It was iit Wisconsin that an ab sent-minded professor said to the plumber who had forgotten his tools. “That’s all right, my good man. I’ve forgotten what I wanted you for.”—Detroit News. Raymond Clapper Says: Political Rallies Needed To Continue Democracy BY RAYMOND CLAPPER NEW YORK, Aug. 23—It wasn’t a bad thing to knock off from cover ing Washington and get back into political reporting for a few days this week. You say this is no time for poli tics. That’s the way I felt when I walked into the Democratic State Convention in Brooklyn. Several thousand people pulling at each othre in that convention holl didn’t make much sense to me. It was revolting at first to see men and women — on the day that Allied troops were being cut to pieces making a landing in France— marching around the convention hall yelling for Bennett or Mead. The whole scene seemed incongru ous, so out of place in a time like this, such a waste of energy over affairs that are trival by compari son with the job the nation is en gaged in now, that I was about to write something along that line. But I am glad I didn’t. It was a ridiculous performance in one way—just as all political conven tions make an absurd circus out of the process of self-government. Yet we always do it that way in America. And having always done it that way perhaps there was some point in going through the usual routine again at this particular time. We can’t have politics as usual now any more than we can have anything as usual. But I’m not so sure the country would benefit by suspending this sort of thing. We shall lose a lot of things before this war is over. We are losing them of necessity now. But one thing we must cling to'as the key to restoration of other things that are being suspended now—that is the habit of self-government. We cannot exercise self-govern ment as freely as in normal times. We must accept many restrictions that we do not like because the government at Washington consid ers them necessary. It cannot be i any other way if we are to win the war. A politician who tries to get elected by slyly leading his con stituents to think he will help them escape from the hard denials of wartime is a dishonest politician who is doing harm to the country. But there is something to be gain ed by continuing the forms of self government, even though a good deal of the substance has had to be taken out of it for the time being. In this Democratic state conven tion here, the delegates exercised their right of self-government to a high degree. They nominated their candidate for governor in a vote which went against the President and his political associates. They did it knowing that their names would go on the list that could be used for future reprisals. Noth ing much was involved as between the two candidates themselves. Both Bennett and Mead are ordi nary average public men. One would make about as good a gov ernor as the other. Yet a majority of the delegates had given their pledge to vote for Bennett. Thy carried out those pledges even though it meant defying President Roosevelt. The nomination of Bennett in stead of Mead won’t nave any great effect on the course of history. But the fact that American citizens are still able to carry through the forms of independent political ac tion may mean a great deal. If this war runs for several years, as it is very likely to do, all of us will find our lives and freedom of action increasingly circumscrib ed. Before long a man probably will work at the job the govern ment order, not a job of his own choosing. The government is drafting hu man lives to win this war and it will draft anything else it needs to win this war, as it should We can endure that without qualms about t-'io future of self-government if at the same time we are able to preserve the institutions of lo cal self-government out of which our free way of life grew. Be cause out of that can come, at the appropriate time, .the restora tion of self-government on the larg er scale. So perhaps this sweating, noisy, bellowing convention, with its ri diculous placards and its d meaningless oratory, was—for all of its seeming inappropriateness— serving in effect to preserve that one precious thing which is the marrow of America. I don’t want to make too much of the point but I think there is something in it. Factographs The catcher’s mask worn in baseball is a carry-over from the much older sport of fencing. The first mask was used in 1877, and was regarded with deep suspicion by early backstops, who treasured each bruise they received in a game. * » * The British income tax system is 100 years old today. Wonder how many folks accepted invita tions to the birthday party? * * * Natives of New Guinea catch birds of paradise during their early morning "choruses to the sun, which they perform at sun rise The natives shoot and stun the birds with blunt arrows 1 The Literary Guidepost BY JOHN SELBY “Nearer The .Earth,“ by Beatrice Borst (Random House; $2.50). The Avery Hopwood Awards at the University of Michigan have turned up some very good talents, and not the least of these is Be atrice Borst, who won the compe tition last year with a novel she calls “Nearer the Eearth.” This if, "° such book as was Maritta Wolff’s “Whistle Stop” _ that brutal performance was one of the best novfels of its season, or any other season. Miss Borst is not trying to shock or to sear or ^ny of the other things that Whistle Stop” did. What she does want to do is to show the slow maturing of a well born girl. “Nearer the Earth” has its tense moments, but for the most part it is a smoth and gen teel narrative without horrendous features. The writing matches the purpose of the book; it is finished and quiet and usually sensitive. It centers mostly about a girl named Karen whose father is a successful mining man in a small city where his wealth marks him among men, and marks his fami ly as well. The Greenwalds have KarenSe ^ ™atch their Position Karen and her sister Roberta have their governess and there are plenty of servants about all the time. Karen is the younger of the girls; she is also the least dis tinguished. Roberta is wilful, it is true but at least she has a cer tain of color and isn’t quite so much of a mama’s darling. For a great many pages the reader is carried along on the smoth flow of the Greenwald family life. It is a pleasant—al though he may wonder how it happens that the girls play baby games so long. It is interesting, but there is the strange fact, tfcat Mr. Greenwald, who is presum ably a very fine business man does not protect his family with insurance. And even when Mr. Greenwald died unexpectedly the changed circumstances do not at once smother the family in pov erty. Miss Borst is too shrewd to allow that to happen. But gradually things do change and since that is the point of the book it would serve no purpose to explain it all here. Karen does grow up, mentally and sexually and in all other ways. Traedy ^ c°me- eventually; the world does change; life does continue i* spite of it all. The Greenwald girls mirror everything, and there is book"d ° another Avery Hopwood Interpreting The War By JOHN M. HIGHTOWfd (Wide World War Anahcn’ The Japanese have bee- f more or less defensively and a half months nov': r ,t*° they swing over to a strong sive soon, one may well their inactivity since the hvn: Midway in June. ‘‘le ol The trouble certainly is no, „ they lack military and"naval L“11 to strike. They have the *ei equipment to attack Siberia w if they want to do so. Thev f'1' the ships and troops to rrat ' other thrust at India. Hawaii, Alaska or any of w3' lands guarding the u" s.-A-li' ian supply line. And until now they have has* I will to fight always on the 0«» ' sive. Belief m the attack has hi' their basic military tenet. ' 5 Two months ago—even two three weeks ago—any well-inf, ed military man would have laV small wager that by this time**.! Japs would have pitched into th Red armies in Siberia. One of Tokyo’s traditional military aw has been to remove the threat of the maritime provinces from -n Japanese homeland. Vladivostok is within easy bombing distance d Japan. Now military men are savin-, that perhaps this very danger cj bombing has made Tokyo caution;' Significantly related to the inactiv. ity in Siberia is the fact that i about four or five weeks the weather will make any militari operations there virtually impoi sible; so if the Japanese intend to act they must act quickly. Only a few days ago reports came out of Australia and New Zealand that the enemy was be lieved to be marshalling a con siderable naval force to smash the American armada in the Southwest Pacific and isolate the Marines in the Solomon Islands. But the Ma rines in the Solomons are still there and their supplies are still going through. It may be, of course, that as a matter of cold realism the Japs r.ese admirals have learned not to plunge headlong into action with the full force of Allied might in the Pacific. Since early spring they have lost war and cargo snips heavily at Lae and Salamaua, New Guinea; at Tulagi; Solomon Is lands; at Midway Island: and it Kiska Island, in the Aleutians. The Tokyo warlords made good their c9n.que.st of Burma, but pulled back closer home the am phibious forces which threatened India after Brig. Gen. James Doo little and his bomber squadron proved that Tokyo was not isolated from attack. More recently they started a campaign to secure their cities against attack from the Chinese mainland, but soon afterward American air forces in China went into action against Japan's con tinental bases. And today’s news from Chungking is that Chinese forces, counter-attacking, have ad vanced well into Chekiang and Kiungsi provinces to throw the Japs’ war machine into reverse. It seems to be generally accept ed among American experts on the subject that the Japanese are cap able of desperate action when a situation demands desperation. They have squandered masses of men in China and they lost untold thousands in the Philippines cam paign. They can replace their slain sol diers with new recruits. But the ships they -ose in sea battles an any factories they lose by aer.a bombardment cannot be quickly i - placed. , Perhaps this has taught them think twice before plunging m some costly new adventure, u a,' when they attack again it n™51 with full- realization of the co.i they will have to pay. I Is That_So! A Mediterranean island suddenly appeared above the su‘*ce,, t disappeared, just as rapid y have read about that wha A. F. flyer bombed. rmsta»nD •• for a U-boat. * * * For the fourth straight year - looks as though Mussolini clinched the title of the •_ most outstanding minor leag ' * * * -est Thieves stole a furnace in * ern town. This answers • tion, which no one asked. is a cold stove hot. * * The American gambling of “Bingo” is called "Lotto ■ gasque.” There’s a game m " a fast talker, finishing secor.. still win the first prize, * * ‘ ;ip i A most pitiable f‘Sur£^e: | Grandpappy Jenkins, is a* playing a $100,000 golf cd- I looking like 30 cents. j .i rn^“ I It’s items like these ■ jjjy Dad satisfied with b ' afternoon lawn mower ^ Grass in the Florida = grows to a height Srea: six feet. * * “ be The ant-eater is said to t0 of the most difficult anlir' :t kill. Its hard protective "' a too tough to be pierced may knife, and although its sk ‘ ejj be battered, the animal is stunned. * * • A girl intellectual, moans dock Dumkopf, is often /.' grammarous than glamorous * * + Stage your picnics in V°ut backyard wo are advised adds Grandpappy Jenkins- j the home-talent ants and ers one of their own ton