Wilmington
Wonting §tar
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THE ASSOCIATED PRESS
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HURSDAY JANUARY 7, 1943
ith confidence in our armed
ces — with the unbounding de
rm ination of our people—we will
in the inevitable triumph — so
elp us God.
—RooseveltV. War Message
Our Chief Aim
To aid in every way the prosecu
tion of the war to complete vic
tory.
THOUGHT FOR TODAY
No more I’ll let the everyday affairs
Of housewife’s busy round of ceaseless
cares
Crowd out the joy I fain would give each
day—
I’ll let them know I love them while I
may.
Each little song that springs up in my
heart,
I’ll tell them of, so they can share a
part.
This will I do and then let come what
may,
I’ll more contented by if they should go
away.
Mamie Bevan Snedieker.
-V
The 78th Congress
Representative Rayburn, re-elected speak
er of the House upon the convening of the
78th. Congress, uttered the most promising
word for the immediate future yet heard in
Washington, when he declared that Congress
no longer would yield to bureaucrats, but
mus! “reassert itself.”
While this is heartening, it also means that
Congress will have need of the most careful
leadership lest, in swinging toward self as
sertion, it go too far and wind up in a riot
of radicalism which would be worse than any
thing that previously placed the brakes on
our war effort.
The 78th. Congress will have opportunity
to go down in history as the most construc
tive, productive and rational session since
the American Congress came into existence.
It will have responsibilities far graver than
ever faced a preceding session. Not only
legislation affecting the nation’s participation
in this global war will have to be enacted.
It probably will have the duty of drafting
the legislative participation in the reestablish
ment of peace and determining the nation’s
position in the policies the.* set up for the
world, and the program of the United States
for the period of reconstruction which will
follow.
These duties can be satisfactorily perform
ed only if the Congress sets aside party an
tagonisms and factional quarrels and concen
trates exclusively upon major problems. There
can be no time for friction or bickering.
It is right for the new Congress to resolve
to do away with crippling bureaucracy. But
in doing so it must guard against worse per
secution.
Victory is the essential job. It must be
implemented by sound legislation. And after
victory equally sound legislation will toe need
ed for peace. May the Congress now in ses
sion measure up to its opportunities and its
responsibilities.
-V
Rural Sirens
Rural sections of the county are at last to
benefit in emergency by the installation of
fifty sirens. Tests conducted on Tuesday were
satisfactory, says Commander C. David Jones.
It is intended to conduct tests weekly to
make sure the sirens are always in good con
dition and ready to shriek their warning as
needed.
The delay in setting up these sirens is due
to fed tape, which seems to have impeded
necssary provisions for protection quite as
grievously as. everything else, under the bu
reaucratic priorities administration.
The need for them has been recognized from
the time New Hanover county’s defense coun
k
cil was organized. They have been insistently
demanded but for one reason and another,
known only to the bright boys at Washington,
they have only now been delivered and set up.
Any time during a year the enemy might
have sent planes into the county and rural
residents would have known nothing about it
in advance and been completely at their
mercy. At any time a black-out might have
been essential, but ruralites could have/done
nothing about it because no means existed
for advising them. Strange indeed are the
ways of the bureaucrats.
But that is all over now. No reason exists
any longer for a resident of New Hanover
county to remain in ignorance of an enemy
threat or to fail to observe a black-out warn
ing. The sirens are so placed that their wail
will pentrate to the farthest corners of the
county.
-V
Odds Turn Against Axis
Any survey of the battle fronts must reveal
that, as yet, we are not definitely winning
the war. In Russia, the Axis is being crowded
back, buf at no point on the Eastern front
has any considerable part of Hitler’s forces
been eliminated. Many divisions are reported
surrounded, particularly in the south, but their
finishing off has not come. In the Pacific, the
footholds we have established on Guadalcanal
and New Guinea are minor achievements in
comparison with the great task of defeating
Japan. In French Africa, the Battle of Tunisia
is still to be won.
But this does not mean, nor can it be in
terpreted as meaning that progress toward
a United Nations victory is not being made.
The Russian situation, for example, clearly
demonstrates that Hitler’s striking power ;s
on the wane. For while there has been no clear
cut victory Axis forces there can survive the
winter counter-thrust of the Russians only
if great reinforcements are sent in, and then
the best that can be expected is that they may
maintain a defensive position. And to rein
force his trapped armies in Russia, Hitler
must weaken his strength elsewhere, either
in southern Europe where he has assembled
hordes to meet a probable Allied invasion, or
in Africa where he has been sending thousands
of soldiers and much heavy armament for
comba* with Eisenhower’s American and Brit
ish armies with control of the Mediterranean
as the prize.
Viewing Africa and Russia as point opera
tions, and admitting that in neither has there
been decisive United Nations action, it is
plain that Hitler cannot hope to win in both,
and that defeat in one will mean defeat in
the other.
As for the war in the Pacific, and
acknowledging that; neither Guadalcanal nor
New Guinea is of major importance, singly
or together, it is obvious that both are factors
in the major strategy of the Allies and spring
boards from which attacks on Rebaul and
Truk, Japan’s principal outlying bases, will be
ultimately launched, and which must be elimi
nated before the final assault on Japan itself
can be started.
Furthermore, their possession by the Allies
creates a blockade across Japan’s shipping
lanes to her southernmost territory, wrested
from Britain and Holland in the early days
of her conquests, and prevents the transport
of large numbers of troops and heavy deliver
ms of armament or supplies for new thrusts
in the southwest Pacific. The steady destruc
tion of Japanese craft, with nine more vessels
sunk or fired off New Britain, demonstrates
that unless there is complete breakdown of
Allied air, sea and land forces in that area,
whieh is improbable, Japan cannot hope to
strengthen her grip on any of the vast terri
tory she seeks to acquire, but must continue to
loosen it in proportion to the concentrations
of armed might she attempts to set up there.
We may not be winning the war, but assured
ly we are turning the odds against the Axis.
-V
Dr. Washington Carver
George Washington Carver is dead. To say
that in his death America and the world has
lost a great scientist is to fall far short of
the mark. The world has lost a great soul.
For this son of slaves, who was redeemed
for a $300 race horse in his youth, was a
benefactor of his race no less than of science.
Devoting his genius to the development of
useful products, Doctor Carver gave many
ambitious boys of his race the opportunity to
forge ahead in the full realization that eco
nomic, and not social, equality, is the surest,
truest goal of the Negro. Hundreds of capable
Negroes, now doing their part in making
the South economically sound, owe their start,
their education, their constructive and pro
ductive citizenship to this simple, modest and
retiring man who, for forty-four years seldom
emerged from his laboratory at Tuskegee In
stitute even to receive the honors a grateful
people sought to bestow upon him.
His legacy, especially to Southern agricul
ture, cannot be estimated in dollars and cents.
Rather, it is to be appraised in the use to
which it is put. He created three hundred
products from the peanut, more than a hun
dred from the sweet potato—a heritage of
inestimable value.
Doctor Carver came up the hard way. Fa
therless from infancy, his mother disappeared
while he was still a young boy. Starting at
taw, he won a Master of Science degree from
Iowa State college in 1896, and two years
; later was invited by Booker T. Washington
to join the faculty at Tuskegee. With a small
tract of sterile soil, rankking with the worst in
Alabama, the intrepid Carver set to work
to turn it into a garden spot, in accomplish
I
ing which he taught agriculturally-minded Ne
gro youths attending the Institute that intel
ligently’directed effort backed by hard work
is always capable of achieving miracles.
From the late 90’s until the day of his
death he was a monument of spiritual integ
rity and human tolerance in his private life
and a giant of science in the world. It may
truly be said of him that the good he did
will not be interred with his bones.
-V
Heroic Mariners
Among the unsung heroes of this war are
the men of the United States Merchant Marine.
These men (and youths) enlist for service
with little hope of glory or high wages but
with the sure knowledge that death lurks
along their course in the shape of Axis tor
pedoes and mines..
On the northern route to Murmansk Nazi
bombers and submarines keep the ships of
the Merchant Marine under constant attack.
That a majority get through to deliver vital
war goods to Russia Is evidence of their
courage no less than the efficiency of the
convoy service.
Men aboard these ships are often lost for
days at sea, but return to their hazardous
task on another ship with the hope that ‘sail
or’s luck’ will protect them again.
Little has been said of the training they
are given and still less is known of their
private lives. They come from cities and
farms, hovels and mansions, to go down to
the sea in ships.
Their slogan, paraphrased from Farragut’s
historic utterance, is: “Damn the submarines,
the cargo must get through.” Usually it does.
All praise to the men who do it.
FAIRENOUGH
(Editor’* Note.—The Star and the News accept no
responsibility for the personal views of Mr. Pegler,
and often disagree with them as much as many of
his readers. His articles serve the good purpose of
making people think, i
BY WESTBROOK PEGLER
NEW YORK.—If this is inopportune, ex
cuse it,' please, if you would be so kind, but
my theme is that want isn’t necessarily the
cause of wars and certainly didn’t kick up this
one and that people who are dirt-poor are
likely to be dejected and submit to kicking
around instead of arming mightily and going
out to stick up others as a desperate indi
vidual world. The idea is prompted by the
rather general suggestion that if we do not
strip ourselves of that portion of our food
and all which constitutes the luxury stand
ards in the United States and relieve the
poverty of the have-not nations and breeds,
they will get sore and gang up on the U.S.A.
and Britain and destroy us or drag us down
to their own level or some intermediate level
between theirs and ours.
Because, no question about it. this war in'
the world or, as they now say, the global
sense, was started by a well-fed, well-dressed,
well-educated and impressively healthy nation,
to wit, Germany, and was the second world
war initiated by Germany in a quarter of a
century.
They were living high up to the hour when
the Kaiser started that one, too, remember—
a luxury nation if there ever was one, with
a schedule of six or seven meals a day and
money for travel and plenty of leisure and
also, lest we forget, some very advanced social
improvements in the way of insurance, pen
sions and so forth. Yet, on top of that they
could afford to buy the mightiest military
equipment ever amassed up to then and hurl
enormous armies into war overnight accord
ing to a premeditated and coldly predatory
plan.
Italy isii i important. in any cunsiueiauun
because Mussolini is just a swollen fool and
the people would not have gone to war if
he had not made them. They were poor,
it is true, but poorer than they need have
been because the Bum of Bums had been
squandering their eating-money on circuses
and expensive but punk equipment.
The Germans, on the other hand, whatever
they may say when it is over, were the same
arrogant, braggart bulldozers that they were
in 1914 and this means the German people
and not merely the party following. They have
always thought of themselves as a special race
with a mission and a right to rule other
races, and the reason they thought the others
inferior was that they are snobs who think
material things and a high scale of living,
which they had, mean superiority.
They made their machine for this war most
ly out of stolen goods,, swindled away from
trusting nations, principally this one, and
though they did deprive themselves slightly
during the “guns instead of butter” era to
ward the end of their preparations, they still
were doing well enough and were not goaded
to war by desperation but vanity, larceny
and greed. They were not so poor that they
had to fight for a living. That is the point.
They were rich by comparison with Greece
and their people were living a lot better than
the French or Italians.
Mr. Grew and other authorities can pick
away at the mystery of Japan for us, but
if Japan was a low-standard country, China
was worse and had been, moreover, a door
mat nation since memory runneth not to the
contrary. We western nations kept troops in
China, something we would never let China
do to us, and treated the Chinese people in
a very lofty way and yet China never showed
any resentment until Japan walked in and
started to take over the whole thing.
Then they did fight and discovered that
they were great scrappers, but it wasn’t pov
erty that drove them to it. It was self-pres
ervaion. They would have starved quietly,
but naturally, when clutched by the throat
they began to scratch and kick.
Then there is India, another doormat, which
never caused any trouble to the prosperous
nations and had “kick me again” for a na
tional motto. Of late India has been restless,
but only because the people and the leaders
seem to want Japan to do the kicking for
a change.
I don’t think this solves anything. I never
was good at puzzles, but just the same it
is a mistake to plan the peace on a plainly
false assumption that weak and hungry na
tions start the wars and that nations which
have had help from the whole wide world of
prosperous suckers, as Germany did, will be
have, be good and love their neighbors.
A,'
IT MAY SCARE SOME PEOPLE BUT NOT HITLER
YO'iC.
/ money, OS
( Yooft- j
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Raymond Clapper Says:
GOP Is Tempted To Make
Football Of Hull Program
By RAYMOND CLAPPER
WASHINGTON. — Republicans
are under strong temptation to
make a party football out of the
reciprocal-trade program which has
been fathered by Secretary Hull.
They have the power to bring
about a repudiation of the program
and force a return to the old
method of tariff making that was
followed in the Hawley-Smoot high
tariff act. They have almost a ma
jority in Congress and can pick
up the necessary handful of Dem
ocratic votes through the pressure
Of cattle interests or other local
groups that have always wanted
prohibitive tariffs.
Thus the Republicans could, at
the outset of the new Congress,
hand the Administration a decisive
and spectacular defeat that would
humiliate it and frustrate it and
make completely clear both at
home and abroad that the policies
of the Roosevelt Administration
could be overthrown. It would
make plain to other countries, es
pecially to the United Nations, that
a drastic reversal of American pol
icies back toward isolation was un
der way.
The Trade Agreements Act ex
pires in June and the issue of re
newing it, therefore, is an imme
diate one for the new Congress.
President Roosevelt is ready to,
make a fight for another extension.
The act was first passed in 1934
and twice extended. The Republi
cans can consistently block its re
newal this time because they have
opposed it almost solidly hereto
fore. Only two House Republicans
voted for the act on its original
passage, and only five Republican
senators On renewals Republicans
have once cast unanimous votes
in opposition in the House and
again in the Senate.
Now for the first time the Re
publicans are near enough to a
majority to make their position
controlling. The Republicans in
Congress will determine whether
the reciprocal-trade program is to
continue.
The temptation is strong to make
a political issue and to show by
a clear-cut and dramatic action
that the Republicans are in the
saddle in fundamental policy mak
ing. Repel of the reciprocal trade
act would please a number of spe
cial high-tariff groups. If the Re
publicans want to follow the iso
lationist trend—and there are un
doubtedly a considerable number
of silent isolationist votes left in
the country—this is the chance to
raise the issue and take charge.
Most Republicans once would
have leaped at the chance. The
only question is whether a good
many Republicans will feel that
circumstances have changed and
that now the national interest
would be better served by con
tinuing the program, especially in
view of the conservative course
followed under it by Secretary
Hull.
Considerations higher than pol
itics may deter more thoughtful
Republicans from junking the
trade program. For several years
before the war it was the one
sane effort to break through the
economic barriers that were con
stricting the world and driving na
tions into desperation. The trade
program still stands as the symbol
of America’s desire to trade with
other nations, to make friendly ad
justments for mutual benefit so
--- ■ 11
that trade may be a profitable two
way venture and so that we may
have customers. Because we can
not hope to sell if we do not buy.
More than that, repudiation of the
program now in the midst of the
war would be taken abroad as
notice thai the United States was
going back into isolation. It would
mean that hte United States could
not be counted on to play any
part in helping to prevent a third
world war.
Republicans may not wish to
move openly to kill the Hull pro
gram and may try to do it by
indirection, by requiring all trade
agreements to be approved by
both houses of Congress or by a
two-thirds vote of the Senat e.
Those are only hypocritical meth
ods of getting rid of the Trade
Agreements Act without doing it
openly, as of course, everyone
around Congress knows.
This is the first real test of how
the Republicans intend to use their
new political strength. It will show
whether they are ready to work
constructively with other nations
to reduce the chances of another
war, or whehter they are looking
for party advantage regardless of
any other consideration.
-V*
Factographs
The honey creeper is a small
biid of tropical and subtropical
America, especially abundant in
the West Indies. They have very
brilliant plumage, blue being es
pecially common.
* » »
The word Alaska is said to come
from “Al-ay-es-ka,” 0r “Alana
Pkhak, a native Eskimo or Innuit
(Aleut) word, meaning Great
Country.
* * *
In head-hunting tribes in past
times an enemy’s head served as
a war trophy. A warrior’s stand
Civilian Defense
Timetable
BASIC TRAINING COURSES
New Hanover High School, room
109, at 8 p. m., beginning Mon
day, Jan. 4.
Monday night: Fire Defense A.
Tuesday night: General Course.
Wednesday night: Gas Defense
B
FIRST AID 10 HOURS
New Hanover High School, room
106, at 8 p. m., beginning Mon
day, Jan. 4.
First lesson: Monday night.
Second lesson: Tuesday night.
Third lesson: Wednesday night.
Fourth lesson: Thursday night.
Final lesson: Friday night.
SPECIAL COURSES
Police course: Every Thursday
night, High School room 109, at
8 p. m.
FIRST AID 10 HOURS
Trailer Camp office.
Beginning Thursday night at
":30, January 7, 1943, Mr. Lewis
Weinberg, instructor.
If you hear or observe anything
suspicious in character report it
promptly to:
Wilmington Police, 5244.
Wrightsville Beach Police, 7504.
Carolina Beach Police 2231.
Carolina Beach Clerk, 2001.
Captain of the Port, 2-2278.
County Defense Council, 3123.
Sheriff, 4252.
ing with his tribe and his chances
of obtaining a desirable bride
would be regulated by the number
of heads he had taken. Head hunt
ting is now confined to a few
trbes remote from civilization
* * *
The name of the state of Ari
zone comes from “Arizonac"
t'“Ari” small and ’“Zonae1,
spring), so-called by the Papago
and Pima Indians, according to
the state historian in 1927. Prof.
John C. Van Dyke, however, in
The Desert, says it was clipped
from “Arida-Zone,” meaning the
“dry belt.”
* * *
Redding, Cal., has a munici
pally owned gold mine.
The Literary Guideoost
By JOHN SELBY
"Mrs. Parkington,” by Louis
Bromfield (Harpers; $2.75).
The first big novel of 1943 is
Louis Bromfield’s “Mrs. Parking
ton. ’ It is also Mr. Bromfield’s
first big novel since his India se
ries, one of the richest he had pro
duced, and a technical tour de
force of extraordinary shrewd
ness. It is difficult to think of any
American who can handle the limi
tations and advantages of the no
vel form more skillfully than Mr.
Bromfield.
In the strict sense, nothing
much happens in “Mrs. Parking
ton,” and yet there is a great
deal'oc actioij and all the contrast
one could ask. Mrs. Parkington is
an old lady in her eighties, and
we se her as she faces a series
of crises in the life of her family.
Her grandson-in-law, if that is a
proper word, is about to go to jail
for doing some of the same things
her husband did a half-century be
fore with impunity, and success.
But this is only one thing; Mrs.
Parkington s great - granddaughter
is marrying “out of her class”; :
another family member is about
to die of too much dope and too 1
much liquor; another has married
a fourth time and her cowboy hus- <
I
band is beginning to understnd
his insatiable wife—and so on and
so on.
Mrs. Parkington is at the center
of everything. She still has much
money, but it is more important
that she still has the integrity she
brought with her to New York
from Leaping Rock, Nev., 65
years belore. Then she was a lit
tle sparrow, and Gus Parkington
was a very rich man on the make.
eai by year the little sparrow
changed plumage, becoming more
and. more the woman of the world
outside, remaining in herself the
girl her clever husband saw when
he fmst met her. This is her power
and her defense.
Obviously, Mr. Bromfield has
had to produce a social study of
America through many decades as
well as a novel. The events of
Mrs. Parkmgton’s 84th year move
an one plane, and the story of the
a!d lady’s fabulous past must be
told in a series of flashbacks Mrs
Parkington is always seen as she
against a set of moving pic
lures which show her as she be
:ame what she is. Mr. Bromfield
las written out of his heart, but
he has kept his wits about him too.
rechnicauy, the novel is a superb
lob without seeming so; it is fine
md warming as well.
Interpreting
The War
BY KIRKE L. SIMPSON
Hitler has thumbed his armies
in the Caucasus back out of that
perilous 300-mile deep salient to
avert an even greater disaster than
menaces his shivering forces
caught in the Stalingrad pocket.
That conclusion is inescapable
on the basis of Moscow advices.
It was true even before Red Star,
official organ of the Soviet army ,
proclaimed a general German re
treat in the Caucasus and Russian
war bulletins detailed the fast
crumbling spearhead of the Nazi
threat to the Grozny and Baku oil
fields with recapture of key junc
tions in the Nalchik-Terek river
theater. There is no other way to
explain swift Russian advances in
that sector. Blind Nazi accounts
of successful "defensive” fighting
on all active fronts in Russia rl’
more to confirm than to challenge
the Moscow versions.
Hitler has either thinned out hi,
most extender southern front ;
the Caucasus to find reinforce
ments for the long and jeopardize.;
eastern flank of that great salient:
or he has ordered a retreat north
ward from its apex above Grozny,
.leaving only rear guards to im
pede Russian pursuit.
Whichever course he has take .
it sufficiently indicates his growing
alarm over Russian threats to the
Rostov communication key to the
whole southern flank of his over
extended front in Russia. It also
spells out into further convincing
proof of his waning resources in
manpower, planes and — perhaps
most importnat of all—fuel for his
war machine to meet all the de
fensive emergencies forced u p o n
him by the still expanding Rus
sian offensive and Allied attacks
in Africa.
That probably is the most en
couraging aspect of the vast strug
gle at this stage to the inner circle
of United Nation leadership. The
facts about Nazi oil resources have
been difficult to determine, y e l
many well informed observers have
thought all along that the Nazi
1942 offensive was primarily a
drive to tap Russian oil fields in
the Caucasus.
If that is true, Russian success
es in folding back the nose of
the Caucasus salient above Groz
ny, whether due to a forced Ger
man retreat of sheer Red offensive
power, is the most notable Rus
sian offensive achievement of the
war. That Nazi thrust down the
northern foothill flank of the Cau
casus range along the Rostov-Baku
railway was the vital element of
Hitler 1942 strategy if it is fore
shadowed oil starvation of his war
machine around which h i s 1942
plans were built.
The march to the Volga at Stal
ingrad was essential to Nazi strat
egy, as Hitler himself has told his
people time and again to justify
ever mounting casualties. But it ■
was more essential to protect his
drive for oil in the Caucasus from
the fate now threatening it than
to permit Nazi domination of the
Volga traffic artery against Rus
sian use, as he said.
There is every indication that
whatever he had hoped of his Cau
casian drive last year, Hitler long
ago gave up the thought that he
might reach either Grozny or Ba
ku without another spring or sum
mer campaign. The Russian stand
at Stalingrad insured that.
It follows ’ogically that if Riu
sian thrusts converging toward
Rostov from the northeast, cast
and southeast and also threaten:v,
the Rostov - Baku rail artery of
Nazi communications along a 300
mile span have forced German re
treat from the depth of the Cau
casus salient, Hitler has already
suffered his heaviest blow in Rus
sia. He is losing his jump-off po
sition for a drive for oil later in
the year.
That waning oil resources are
worrying Hitler as much if not
more than waning manpower as
yet was suggested from Ankara
recently. Balkan reports reaching
Turkey said he was pouring rein
forcements into the Cyclades is
lands guarding Aegean sea ap
proaches at its mouth. Up the
Aegean lie Bulgaria and beyond
that Rumania and its oil wells
that are the life-blood of the Nazi
war effort.
Hitler smashed Greece, pinned
Turkey to a neutral role and dra
gooned Bulgaria into the Axis fel
lowship 1c protect his oil source
He obviously fears air attack up
Rumanian wells as a major ele
ment of future Allied desigi
against the “soft under belly’’ of
the Axis stemming out of the Af
rican campaigns.
-V
You’re
Telling Me
The German soldier, says an
editorial, obeys implicitly and
instantly his officer’s command.
Tris was proven when Marshal
Rommel yelled, “About face ’’
* * *
In Holland fish are now sold
by the inch. Imagine the am
ount of money saved by not
being able to buy the one that
got away!
* • *
Fortunate indeed in the
householder who can smell
when the neighbors are perk
ing a pot of coffee.
* * *
A dispatch says that New Gui
nea natives hailed an American
air ace as their new king. After,
r.o doubt, he had given the Japs
a royal trimming.