North Carolina Newspapers

Carved By Leased Wire Oi The associated press NEWS AND FEATURES With Complete Coverage Of Stale And National News ^lT49^N0T57 _'__WILMINGTON, N. C., MONDAY, JANUARY 25, 1943 ESTABLISHED 1867. Congress Set To Consider Many Matters Important Questions Fac ing Solons Coming LTo Showdown VITAL MEASURES SEEN Pay-As-You-Go Tax Plan, Size Of Army Among Problems WASHINGTON, Jan. 24. Important questions already confronting the new Congress —a pay-as-you-go tax plan, the size of the armed forces, the Flynn nomination, among others—come to a showdown in committees this week. The Treasury is drafting a proposal for putting income tax payments on a current basis and the House Ways and Means committee will start work Wednesday, or Thursday with members of both parties committed to i speedy action. Will Dispose of Flynn Case i' senate committees will dispose of I the nominations of Edward J. Flynn to be minister to Australia and Wi I ]ey B. Rutledge to be a supreme I court justice and send them to the floor for action. As for actual legislation In that chamber. Democratic leader Bark ley of Kentucky announced that a bill for the merger of the Western Union and Postal Telegraph systems will be called up this week, with quick passage indicated. It was j,asset by the Senate last session but died in the House and a Sen ale committee reported it out again without further hearings. A bill passed by the House but not by the Senate — to outlaw payment of fees to commission ag ents on war contracts — will be re offered, Chairman Vinson (D-Ga) of the House Naval committee said, with modifications designed to meet Senate objections that it was too sweeping and would penalize legiti mate sales representatives. Vinson told the rules committee last week that 121 “so-called sales engineers" in Washington had collected some $130,000,000 since 1939 procuring war contracts for manufacturers. Senators who believe the nation should strike a balance of its man power between men needed for the fighting fronts .and for production at home will ask the general staff tomorrow just how big an army It wants. Lt. Gen. Joseph T. McNar ney, deputy chief of staff, is to ap pear before the military committee at a closed hearing to supply spe cific figures. '.nairman Reynolds (D'-NC) said the committee also purposes to learn the manpower demands of the Na ry. Merchant Marine and necessar fy civilian pursuits, including agri culture. Manpower Commissioner IMu! V. McNutt is to testify later this week. Reynolds and other senators have been disturbed over reports that the armed forces might call for as many 12,000,000 men. Senator Bank head (D-Ala.) declared on the floor that some 7,000,000 already had en tered the services and that present Wans call for the induction of 400, 000 more each month. With the need ni food and munitions growing, - ankhead said, it would be danger eus to withdraw many more men rom productive activities. Acting Chairman McKellar (D nf the Appropriations Com -tee indicated that the ultimate ze of the fighting forces also • *? r be discussed at a closed ses |jn of that group tomorrow. rne controversial proposal of set rag up a standing House committee ” aviation comes before the Rules e JlUee tomorrow in the form of B1 8eParate resolutions for the LLMm°rity leader Martin of Mas ha an<i other Republicans endorsed it but the Democrat Page Five; Col. 5) Pullman Berth Murder Still Defies Solution PORTLAND, Ore., Jan. 24.—UFl he murder on the main line— !L1farre and baffling a crime as in n escaped ibe pages of fiction d(.f fterialize into real life—still aelled solution today. \v:iii'('»F"a^0rs ran in'0 onc blank m 1 3f er ano'ber as they sought earn v;ho cut the throat of tauufui, blonde Mrs. Martha Vir , “rmson James, 21, bride of naval officer, in her berth, low c jj a tourist sleeper on the ;t°7lern Pacific’s West Coast lim. . , as il sPed through Oregon hound ’yestcrday’ San Francisco However, a Negro dining car waiter was held for questioning and a United States Marine pri vate was detained as a material witness. Also after police had worked for 10 hours aboard the speeding train and had held the limited four hours at Klamatah Falls, they dis closed one possible clue. Eugene W. Norton, of Daly City, Calif., and William Van Dyke, a Marine who had occupied berths near No. 13, said they were awak ened about 4 a. m. by the voice of a woman saying: (Continued on Page Five; Col. 1) MacArthur Ft f^^asts Ultimate Ja^ghfeat Southwest Pacific Chief ✓ |iew Lessons Learned In Papua Tr .fate Island By-Island Advai. es ALLIED HEADQUARTERS IN AUSTRALIA, Jan. 24—(^—Gen eral Douglas MacArthur, Allied commander-in-chief In the south west Pacific, said today that in his forces’ hard fought but winning battle for Papua “a new form of campaign was tested which points the way to the ultimate defeat of the enemy in the Pacific.” This new method of warfare, the general said, primarily involves “the continuous, calculated appli cation of air power.” He remarked particularly that in the northeastern New Guinea fighting the Allies’ air arm had been found effective and important not only .as an offensive-defensive weapon but as an instrument of trcop transport and supply. “Our air forces and ground for ces were welded together in Papua, end when in sufficient strength with proper naval support, their indis soluble union points the way to victory through new and broad ened strategic and tactical con ceptions,” MacArthur said in writ ten comment on the action now concluded. Close coordination between air FLYNN APPROVAL APPEARS LIKELY Chairman Of Senate Com mittee Predicts Con firmation WASHINGTON, Jan. 24.—I/P)— Approval by the Senate Foreign Relations committee Wednesday cf President Roosevelt’s nomina tion of Edward J. Flynn to be minister to Australia appeared to be likely although five senators whose attitude is in doubt could alter the result. Chairman Connally (D-Tex) and Democratic Leader Barkley of Kentucky both predicted the com mittee would report favorably the romination of the former Demo cratic national chairman, who also was picked by the president for his personal ambassador in the Southwest Pacific area. One informed committee mem ber, who asked that his name not be used, predicted the vote would be strictly partisan. There re mained, however, the possibility of deflections from the ranks of the 15 Democrats and eight min ority members. The membership of the commit tee, in addition to Connally and Barkley, is as follows: Democrats, George, Georgia; Wagner, New York; Thomas, Utah; Van Nuys, Indiana- Murray, Montana; Pep per, Florida; Green, Rhode Is land; Reynolds, North Carolina; Guffey, Pennsylvania; Gillette, Iowa; Clarke, Missouri; Glass, (Continued on Page Two; Col. 4) Anti-Poll Tax Bill Hits Snag In Form Of Obscure Ruling WASHINGTON, Jan. 24.— —A proposal of Rep. Marcan tonio (AL-NY) to exert pres sure by publicity for passage of his aiuiti-poll tax bill hit a snag today in the form of an obscure house rule. Marcantonio’s measure, which would outlaw the poll taxes required by some south ern states as a voting quali fication, was sent to the judic iary committee, on which Morcantonio was denied a seat and which has shown no in clination to act. , The aggressive sponsor had announced that he would cir culate a “discharge petition” to bring the bill to the floor for a vote over the commit tee’s head and would make public daily the names of his colleagues who signed it and those who refused to sign. WORK TO INCREASE IN N. C. ASSEMBLY Public Hearings To Be Held During Week on Many Bills RALEIGH, Jan. 24—(£>)—Com mittee work will be stepped up this week as the General Assembly, which will end its week-end recess tomorrow night at 8 o’clock, begins preliminary work on several con troversial bills. Public hearings will be held dur ing the week on bills to abolish the state’s three per cent sales tax, to establish a nine-months school term and to amend the education amendment, adopted in the No vember election, to change the set up of the state’s public school au thority. Rep. Sellers of Alamance intro duced a bill to eliminate the sales tax. The Joint Finance committee will hold a public hearing Tuesday afternoon at 3 o’clock, at wnich time Willard Dowell of Raleigh, executive secretary of the North Carolina Merchant’s Association, and others will argue for removal of the entire levy on sales. Rep. Turner of Guilford has in troduced a bill to remove the sales tax from prepared meals or foods sold or served on or off the pre mises oi restaurants, noieis auu ofher public eating places. In presenting his measure for en tire abolition of the sales tax. Rep. Sellars declared the tax was im posed primarily as an emergency measure with the assurance that it would be abolished when the need fcr it was gone. He said the need • certainly had passed” if the state was able to pile up a surplus ex ceeding $30,000,000, which is ex pected to be on hand at the end of the current biennium. \ Public hearings are slated for Wednesday on the education amendment and the nine-months1 school bills. The joint committee on constitutional amendments will meet at 10 a. m., to hear argu ments on measures introduced in both houses to change the educa tion amendment as adopted by North Carolina voters in the 1942 election. At 3 o’clock a sub-committee of the Joint Education • committee will meet to hear discusisons of the proposal to add a ninth month to the state-supported school term. Rep. Arch Allen of Wake and Senator Brooks of Durham nave presented bills to carry out terms of the education set-up compromise (Continued on Page Two; Col. 1) WEATHER FORECAST North Carolina scattered showers and thunderstorms Monday. (Eastern Standard Time) (By U. S. Weather Bureau) Meteorological data for the 24 hours ending 7:30 p. m., yesterday Temperatures 1:30 a. m., 53; 7:30 a. m., 51; 1:30 p. m 70' 7:30 p. m., 56. Maximum 70; Minimum 50; Mean 60; Normal 46. Humidity 1:30 a. m., 97; 7:30 a. m., 100; 1:30 p. m., .72; 7:30 p. m., 100 Precipiptation Total for the 24 hours ending 7-30 p. m., 0.00 inches. Total since the first of the month, 3.37 inches. Tides For Today (From the Tide Tables published by IJ. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey) High l.ow Wilmington - 12:08 a. 7 14 a. 12:28 p. 7 ;52 p. T.tasonboro Inlet - 9:56 a. 3*58 a. 10:19 p. 4-24 p. Sunrise, 7:14 a. m.; Sunset, 5:35 p. m.; Moonrise, ? ; Moonset, 9:40 a. (Continued on Page Five; Col. 2) and land units will permit “swift, massive strokes” against the ene my and preclude the necessity for a “dilatory and costly island-to isiand advance,” he predicted. The text of Mac Arthur’s written comment: “The destruction of remnants of the enemy forces in the Sanananda area concludes the Papuan cam paign The Horii army (Lieut. Gen. Tomitaro Horii commanded the estimated 15,000 Japanese troops in Papua) has been annihilated. “The outstanding military lesson of this campaign was the continu ous application of air power inher ent in the potentialities of every component of the air forces em ployed in the most intimate tacti cal and logistical union with ground troops. ,“The effect of this modern in strumentality was sharply accentu ated by the geographical limitations of this theater. For months on end, air transport with constant fight er coverage moved complete infan try regiments and artillery battal ions across the almost impene (Continued on Pa,ge Two; Col. 7) U. S. Bombers Blast Foe’s Munda Bases Big Planes Smash At Air field And Dumps Four [Times Saturday MANY RAIDS STAGED Japs Counter With Two Aerial Assaults On American Areas WASHINGTON, Jan. 24.— —American bombers blasted the Japanese air base at Mun da in the central Solomon is lands four times Saturday, the Navy announced today, starting fires, knocking out anti-aircraft batteries and ap parently blowing up an am munition dump. The attacks were among seven raids against enemy out posts in the South Pacific from Friday morning through Saturday night (Solomons time). Japanese Counter The Japanese countered with two aerial assaults—one against the American base on Espiritu Santo island in the New Hebrides group, southeast of the Solomons, and the ether against Guadalcanal. Ground fighting on Guadalcanal was continuing and the Navy com munique reported 145 enemy troops were killed Wednesday through Friday. Whether our front lines on the island were advanced in these operations was not stated. The nature of the enemy air operations against Espiritu Santo, results of which were not report ed, caused considerable conjec ture here in the absence of any in formation as to how they were car ried out. Espiritu Santo is 535 nau tical miles southeast of Guadal canal and about 900 miles from the nearest Japanese air bases either in the central and north western Solomons or in the Ellice islands which lie northeast of the New Hebrides. Land-based Jap planes would (Continued on Page Five; Col. 4) woolcoitTnoted AUTHOR, SUCCUMBS ‘The Man Who Came To Dinner’ Passes After Collapse Saturday NEW YORK, Jan. 24.—»1-The hectic carer of Alexander Wool cott, author, actor and commen tator, ended here just before last midnight when he died from a heart attack. He was 56 years old. Virtually the last statement he made of any length was over the radio when he declared that in his opinion there was no cure for Ger many “by human means.” Wooicott, who either was ex tremely well liked by the thou sands of persons he met in a long public career, or was as equally disliked, made the declaration over a Columbia network in the (Continued on Page Two; Col. 3) Axis Submarine Warfare Rises Again In Atlantic (By The Associated Press) As the Allies girded themselves for an all-out offensive against submarines—termed by Admiral Harold R. Star the Navy’s “first enemy”—the anounced toll of Al lied and neutral merchantmen sunk in the Western Atlantic by enemy action since Pearl Harbor rose over the 600 mark. The announced destruction of eight vessels, two of them Ameri can, in the week ended Saturday, brought the shipping losses to 601. Seven of the eight sinkings took place off South America and in the raider-ridden South Atlantic. Seventy four lives were lost and 53 persons were reported missing. Officials in Washington and abroad painted a pessimistic pic ture of the submarine situation. It was reported from London that de cisions on the Allies’ 1943 world strategy, believed now in the ma ing, called for a concerted cam paign on the seven seas to put the Allies on the offensive in un dersea warfare. Britain’s first lord of the Ad miralty, A. V. Alexander, said ‘‘‘the enemy is now using new U boats in larger packs and with new tactics. The U-boats now are even more concentrated than be HUNT FOR ROMMEL IN FULL CRY AS BRITISH DRIVE ON; REDS GRIP VITAL JUNCTION TAKE STAROBELSK Important Railhead Near Rostov Falls Jo Soviet Army GERMANS RUSHING MEN Reports Claim Troops Coming Up From Occupied Area LONDON, Monday, Jan. 25. —(/P)—Russian troops sweep ing forward in the Caucasus have captured Peschanakops koye, only 50 miles northeast of Tikhoretsk, key railway junction of the vital Novors sisk-Stalingrad and Rostov Baku railroads, the Soviet midnight communique as re ported by the Soviet monitor said early today. Farther to the north, deep in the Ukraine Soviet columns pushed into Starobelsk, 130 miles southeast of Kharkov, in a drive that may be intend ed to envelop that Nazi stronghold from the south. 95 Miles From Rostov Peschanokopskoye, an important railroad town, is only 95 miles southeast of Rostov, and other Russian troops captured several other towns in the same area, in cluding Krasnaya Polyana, 21 miles east of Peschanokopskoye, and Be zopasnoye, 55 miles southeast. This same Soviet drive also took a town named Novo-Mikhailov skoye, apparently 37 miles south east of Peschanokopskoye, although another town of the same name is located 22 miles south of Armavir, taken by the Russians earlier to cut the railway linking the Ger mans at Maikop with the rest of thrir forces. The fall of Starobelsk, lying mid way along a branch railway from Valuiki to Voroshilovgrad, was an nounced in a special communique, and other towns were reported tak en in the same area. Soviet forces also were said to be advancing in a parallel thrust farther north about 90 miles from Kharkov in the Valuiki area. The Russians quoted captured prisoners as saying the Germans we re rushing divisions east from occupied countries, and that one infantry division brought from Dunkerque consisted “mainly of middle-aged men.” Two battalions of this regiment suffered heavy losses in their first encounter, the prisoner said. A tank division was brought into the battle from guard duty at Bor deaux. Starobelsk is 125 miles southeast of Kharkov and 50 miles north of Voroshilovgrad, the respective in dustrial capitals of the Ukraine and Dc.nets basin. It lies on thee Aldar river, a tributary of the Donets. Other Russian forces are within 78 miles of Kharkov directly to the cast, and from 56 to 70 miles from Rostov on the east and north. The communique said Starooelsk (Continued on Page Five; Col. 1) fore. They are now lying, not in single packs,, but if I may use a military expression, in echelons of packs.” Office of War Information Di rector Elmer Davis commented: ‘‘The submarine situation is bad and it will stay bad for a long time.” Admiral Sir Percy Noble, British admiralty representative on the combined chiefs of staff, said that all the strength and genius of the United Nations would be demand ed to defeat the submarine on slaught. Although the Allies were suffer ing shipping losses in the South At lantic the U-boats were not getting by unscathed in that area. Rear Admiral Jonas H. Ingram, commander of United States naval forces in those waters, announced from Rio de Janeiro that five Axis submarines were sunk and an in tercepted German surface raider scuttled by its crew in the last month. That made a total of at least 10 submersibles reported sunk in Brazilian waters in recent months. Brazil’s air minister, Joaquim Salgado previously told of the sink (Continued on Page Five; Col. 1) Massive Allied Offensive To Win War Considered LONDON, Jan. )u.—OP)— Hopes for a supreme Allied bid for victory this year were spurred today by persistent talk of momentous decisions in the making or already agreed upon in councils of the United Nations. Speculation over what course the grand strategy would fol low covered a wide range and official quarters maintained steadfast silence. The very fact that the talk would not down was considered in the best informed quarters as evi dence that something big was in the #ind. With the Allies registering successes the world over—on Russia’s frozen steppes, in the New Guinea jungles and on Africa’s desert sands—press discussions leaned toward the possibility of a massive of fensive timed to strike the Axis nations simultaneously and knock the enemy out of the war in tne next twelve months. (Continued on Page Five; Col. 8) RAF DEALS NAZIS TWO HEAVY BLOWS Big Bombers Follow U. S. Planes At Lorient; West ern Germany Hit LONDON, Jan. 24.— OP) —The RAF dealt the German war machine two smashing blows last night blasting the U-boat nest at Lorient for the fourth time within 10 days and pouring a cargo of bombs on the heart of industrial western Ger many. Following up yesterday’s daylich attack by United States Flying 1 ? tresses on Lorient ,the RAF’s heav iest bombers unleashed a “great weight” of high explosive and fire bombs in a concentrated 30-minute assault on the submarine pens and docks there last night. Visibility was good, the Air Min istry said, and many fires were left burning. Some of them, returning p-i lots said, could be seen for 150 miles. Only three British bombers were reported missing from the night’s two expeditions. With this latest powerful blow at Lorient, it became evident that the Allies hope to flatten the French port from which Nazi submarines prey on Atlantic shipping, to knock out its power plants and workshops and pound its massive U-boat shel ters to pieces. Lorient has been raided more than 50 times since it was converted into a super - submarine base in the summer of 1940. Its thick con crete covered stockades are believed to accommodate at least 20 U-boats and possibly 30. Yesterday’s was the second day light attack by U. S. Flying For tresses on Lorient. Their first visit to the heavily-dfended city was on January 3. Although the Air Ministry’s com munique treated last night’s raid on Western Germany as secondary to that on Lorient, it was described as “heavy,” and bomber pilots said a glow of great fires could be seen through the clouds that hung over the target. The German DNB news service said "residential quarters” were dam aged in several places in western Germany and that the "civilian population suffered losses.” To the (Continued on Page Two; Col. 1) Allied Patrol Finds Crude Jap Hospital In New Guinea Wilds SOMEWHERE IN NEW GUINEA, Jan. 24. — (/P) — A Japanese hospital containing 250 enemy living and dead was found 600 yards south of Giru wa yesterday by Allied patrols mopping up the Sanananda bat tleground. Many of the pa tients were lying on crudely constructed beds in the rain soaked jungle so near to death their plight was hopeless. Fifty litter cases were re moved to Allied hospitals in the area for treatment and medi cal officers expected to remove 50 more. Seventeen others were able to walk slowly to ward the rear. While all organized Japanese resistance in Sanananda has collapsed and the Papuan cam paign officially has been de clared ended, patrols contin ued to capture or kill stray groups of enemy soldiers. NOTICE! If your carrier fails to leave your copy of the Wil mington Morning S t a r, Phone 3311 before 9:00 a. m. and one will be sent to you by special messenger. WALLACE SUMS UP U. S. FUTURE Sees An America Where All Can Become Mid dle Class Members WASHINGTON, Jan. 24. — (J) — Ifice-President Wallace, one of the foremost exponents of post-war planning, summed up today his vision of the nation’s future as “an America where all can become members of the middle class— where all can share in the bene fits which that class has enjoyed in the past.” The 52-year-old vice-president, who doubles as chairman of the Board of Economic Warfare, de clared : “The spirit of competition will and must continue to be one of our main driving forces. “We can have full employment in this country without destroying private initiatie, private capital, or private enterprise. “Goernment can and must ac cept the major responsibilities for filling in whatever gaps business leaves. “The more private enterprise succeeds in maintaining full em ployment, the less government spending will be required. “Individual initiative and enter prise, and government responsibili ty for the general welfare, will continue to pull in double harness, for a better life for our people. “Horatio Alger is not dead in America and never will be.’’ Wallace expressed these views in a statement he gave an inter viewer. He classed as “nonsense” any contentions that post-war aims can not be discussed now “without re kindling peace-time controversies and emphasizing peace-time dis unities” and scoffed at those who talk “in dark whispers of the col lectivization of American life, of the destruction of free enterprise.” “We need the driving force of self-interest to get most of the work of the world done,” he said. “Businessmen will be encourag ed to do what competition has al ways tended to make them do—to reduce prices as costs fall, to in crease the levels of sales and em ployment, to use profits only as an incentive to increase production or lower costs. "To the extent that there are areas of unemployment left despite these efforts by business, govern ment must and will step in to see that all people have opportunities for work and to establish such minimum standards of living that no member of the community suf fers even though business tempor arily and in part fails to provide opportunity at good work for all people. “Men must work for what they have. By and large their material reward will continue to be based on how'skilled they become.” Turkey Reported Looking For Invasion In Spring NEW DELHI, India, Jan. 24.— IJ>I—Information gathered in the wake of a visiting Turkish press mission indicates that Turkey con siders May 1 her crucial hour, see ing an outside possibility that Hit ler may attempt then to break through into the Middle East and drive behind the Russians in the Caucasus. The press mission, five leading Turkish journalists brought to In dia by the British on a goodwill tour, spent several days in New Delhi, and is returning to Turkey early in February. May 1 is considered the. critical BEYOND TRIPOLI Americans And French Smash At Germans Near Ousseltia INFLICT HEAVY LOSSES Nazi Column Advancing Af Pont Du Fahs Sever ly Damaged ALLIED HEADQUAR TERS, NORTH AFRICA, Jan. 24. — Pressing straight on through Tripoli, the British Eighth Army kept up its hot chase of the Axis rearguard toward Tunisia today, and in Central Tunisia American troops joined with the French in a savage smash at the Ger mans in the Ousseltia region. Aided by an American arm ored unit, the French inflict ed “severe losses” on enemy troops and vehicles in an at tack against one German col umn advancing southwest ward from Pont du Fahs, French headquarters report ed. The communique also re ported other local clashes in this area, and repulse of an enemy attack farther east in the mountains which the Ger mans seek to dominate, and indications grew that the bat tle might be nearing to cut off Rommel’s retreat into Tu nisia. Rains Hold Off Rains which had bogged down combat activity for weeks had held off for several days now, fa cilitating the plans of either side for a large-scale action to clinch control of the "waist of Tunisia” where Marshal Erwin Rommel's African corps must pass to join the defense of Tunis and Bizerte or be cut off and perhaps de stroyed in a pocket. (An Allied staff officer in Tuni sia was quoted by a Reuters cor respondent as saying it was "ex tremely likely” that some of the reconnaissance elements of Gen. Sir. Bernard L. Montgomery’s Eighth Army already had crossed into Tunisia from Tripolitania, and said parts of the fugitive German force already had passed through Gabes, 100 miles northwest of the Libyan border.) With the battles of Tunisia and Tripolitania merging into one as the hours ticked away. Flying For tresses and Lightning fighters fought one of their greatest ac tions in North Africa to date, shooting down 19 enemy planes and crippling 16 more in a fierce contest during another heavy bom bardment of Bizerte. The Middle East communique re ceived from Gen. Sir Bernard L. Montgomery’s headquarters said Eighth Army warriors “after oc cupying Tripoli continued their ad vance and by evening were in con tact with the enemy well to the west.” This was believed in the vicinity of Zuara, 65 miles west of Tripoli and 35 miles from Tunisia, where Marshal Erwin Rommel was at tempting to join the remnants of his Africa Corps, estimated at from 40,000 to 70,000 men, with the 70,000 troops of Col. Gen. Jur gen von Arnim. Zuara is the end of a railway line running west from Tripoli and the last port from which the Axis might attempt a limited evacua tion of its forces by small boat. It was considered unlikely that Rommel could bring much heavy equipment with him as a result of (Continued on Page Two; Col. 7) date because then the passes through the barrier of the Turk* ish and southern and eastern mountains will be cleared of snow, and the ground sufficiently dry for motorized operations. Such an outlook is by no means officially aired, but was obtained from a competent source cognizant with the Turkish viewpoint. The supposition is based by the Turks on these points, this informant said: One—The attack would be de ' signed to divert both the Anglo* j (Continued on Page Five; Co^ <)