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Served by Leased Wire of the '" — “ associated press avenge With Complete Coverage of PEARL HARBOR State and National News AND BATAAN j VOklo^-NQ- 3L___ WILMINGTON, N. C., SUNDAY, MAY 30, 1943 ~ FINAL EDITION ” PRICE FIVE CENTS . -—• -- ... — - a ^————. ^—— —■ '"* ' ' ■ -* ——^^^— ■■■ 1 — ■ ' --* France Offers Post-War Proposals At Food Meet PRESENTS THREE Calls For Redistribution Of World’s Populations Through Emigration By WADE WERNER HOT SPRINGS. Va., May 29.— (IP)—Redistribution of populations through organized emigration was proposed today by the French del egation to the United Nations food conference as one of three vital measures necessary to achieve a sound world economy after* the war. The other two basic measures of postwar reconstruction were de scribed by delbation chairman Herve Alphand as: 1. A policy of full employment In tbe great industrial nations. 2. A credit policy planned to fos ter reconstruction of ruined econ omics and the development of back ward regions. “Not Adequate” Alphand said four other “reme dies'' which had already been pro posed by various delgations at this conference had elements of value for a post-war economy but were “not adequate.” Lowering of tariff barriers, for instance, has been advocated and "is in fact an objective which we should strive for.” “But,” Alphand emphasized, "this result cannot be attained im mediately." Many European countries, he ex plained, will have to maintain con trol of their foreign trade and ex ehange during the transition period of ^reconstruction after the war. ‘Can anyone imagine.” he asked, that these countries, after having ”cn subjected to systematic de struction and pillage by Germany, he able to compete in world markets without first going through 'iig period of convalescence, against the competition of those Juouuctive resources which have (Continue don Page Two; Col. 3) WEATHER vnt>rm forecast yj1* CAROLINA, South Carolina CbangC in tem~ (Eastern Standard Time) Me- - t Weather Bureau) ®ndin£017??ftical data for the 24 hours •S 7.o0 p.m., yesterday, , . Temperature 78- 6G; 7:30 a-m- 66I 1:30 P‘m*’ ' :3° P.m., 7: • aximum., 82; minimum, 62; mean, '*• normal, 7^ t Humidity t ; *m- 91; 7:30 a.m.,' 77; 1:30 p.m., ’ p.m., 63. Precipitation ®,q0 inclJejtthe 24 hours ending 7:30 p.m., 3.^5°inchpcCe *irst the month, ,p..n . Tides For Today r c- ™ the Tide Tables published by • Coast and Geodetic Survey). Wilmington _ ^oro Inlet _ V3&. “llSi c 5:22p. 1:58p. 5:02 a.m.; sunset. 7:17 p.m.; m°™nse, an a; moonset, 4.’llp. j ape F(,ar river s(a a( FajVte. on May 29, at 8 a.m., 12.75 feet. I(°"iinupt! on Page Nine; Col. 6t > Puerto Rico’s Sugar Crop Bought By U. S. | SAN JUAN, May 29—(If)— Informed sources who can not be identified by name said today the United States had bought all available sugar of Puerto Rico’s crop. Details were not announced. (Puerto Rico produced 1, 200,000 short tons of cane su gar in the 1941-42 crop year. A certain amount of this was required for domestic use.) (In Washington, however, Commodity Credit Corporation officials said only that a con tract for the purchase of Puer to Rico sugar was in process of negotiation.) jap fMghter, BARGES BOMBED Allies Conduct Record Number Of Sorties North west Of Australia ALLIED HEADQUARTERS IN AUSTRALIA, Sunday, May 30.. TO—A Japanese cargo ship and six barges were bombed in the Banda sea yesterday, the high command announced. Off Hansa Bay, New Guinea, a bomber scored two near misses, which often are damaging, in an attack on a 5,000 ton Japanese transport. Liberators ranged a thousand miles west of Lombok, near Bali, as the allies conducted the great est number of sorties yet under taken in the sector northwest of Australia. The attack in the Banda Sea occurred off Boeroe Island. The cargo ship, of 1,000 tons, was tow ing the barges. Five hundred pound bombs fell damagingly near the boats and the entire flo tilla was straffed. In the same area, the airdrome (Continued on Page Two; Col. 5) CITY WILL HONOR WAR I_D TODAY Col. Potts Will Speak At Memorial Day Exercises At High School Col. Adam E. Potts, post com mander of Camp Davis, will be the principal speaker at the Me morial Day exercises sponsored by Wilmington Post ■No. 10, Amer ican Legion, at 3 o’clock this after noon when Wilmington pays trib ute to its heroes who have fallen in battle in all the %ars in which Americans have fought. The exercises will center around the World W^r Memorial near New Hanover High school. Playing from the steps of the High school, the First Training center band from Fort Fisher will open the program with a half hour concert, starting at 3 o’clock. The ceremonies will get under way in the auditorium at 3:30 o’clock with the sounding of at tention by a bugler and the play ing of the National anthem by the band. The invocation will be by the Rev. J. F. Herbert, pastor of Grace Methodist church and a member of the post. Cyrus D. Hogue, also a member of the post, will introduce Colonel Potts. The program will be concluded by the placing of wreaths on the monument, a salute by a firing squad, and the sounding of taps. The program was arranged by a committee comprised of Walker Taylor, chairman, W. R. Dosher, and the Rev. Mr. Herbert. NATION’S BATTLE DEAD (By The Associated Press) A quarter of a million Ameri cans have died on the battlefields and sea fronts of the seven wars in which this nation has been en gaged. A tally on this Memorial Day shows that the nation’s battle dead total 13,641 in the current con flict. Latest reports of the army account for 6,318. Navy casualty lists have reported 5,644 sailor dead, 1,601 marines and 78 coast guardsmen. A compilation by the National Georgraphic society shows that (Continued on Page Nine; Col. 6) OPA Butter Subsidy To Be Effected Soon Agency Breasts Tide Of Criticism Over Handling Of Food Problems WILL COT PRICES Promises That 10 Per Cent Cut In Meat, Coffee Prices Will Follow --M WASHINGTON, May 29- W - Breasting a tide of criticism over the handling of food problems, the Office of Price Administration an nounced tonight its subsidy on butter will go into effect next Tuesday at the rate of 5 cents a pound. Retail prices beginning June 10 will reflect the cut, which amounts to about 10 per cent, OPA said, ex plaining the lag between the sub sidy payments and the cut in re tail prices is due to the fact that the subsidy will apply only to newly-produced butter. The ef fective retail date had to be set later because of pre-subsidy but ter that will be in trade channels during the 10-day period. At the same time, OPA said the promised 10 per cent subsidy roll bdck ;n meat and coffee prices will follow shortly It wa? understood from other sources that the meat program probably will be announc ed in a week or 10 days. Problem For Byrnes OPA's announcement came -as criticism, in congress and out, of the handling of food problems and prices raised the prospect that James F. Byrnes, the new War Mobilization director, will have to cope with it quickly. Among the things Byrnes like ly will settle are: 1. The extent to which subsid ies may be used: 2. Whether food matters should be concentrated under the agri culture department or whether ! all price-fixing that affects farm ! products should remain a joint question for OPA and Food Ad ministrator Chester C. Davis. OPA officials said the “roll back” program has been approv (Continued on Page Four; Col. 2) STALINEXPLAINS COMINTERN’S END Allies Urged To Begin Building Better Under standing With Reds LONDON, May 29 — m — Advo cates of closer cooperation with Soviet Russia today urged tlyit the allies begin building immediate ly upon a new foundation of inter allied understanding which they said that Joseph Stalin had pro vided in a letter explaining the dissolution of the Comintern. Stalin’s letter was sent to Har old King, Reuters Moscow cor respondent, in answer to King’s query as to the Soviet view of the order’s effect on international relations. In his reply Stalin saw four im mediate results: The organiza tion of a “common onslaught against Hitlerism; the exposure as a lie the oft-repeated Nazi charge that- Russia sought to “Bolshevize” the world and also that communists within the labor movements in countries in the United Nations bloc are working against the war effort; clearance of the way “to future organization of a companionship of nations based upon their equality.” “The first reaction to Marshall Stalin’s statement will be the stimulation of partisan activities in every Nazi- occupied country and even in Germany itself,” declar (Continued on Page Nine; Col. 5) School Enrollment Shows Increase Of 5,000 Here Since 1939-40 Term An increase in enrollment of approximately 5,000 over the last normal school year, 1939-40, was shown in an annual summary of school activities during the past year, released Saturday by H. M. Roland, superintendent of schools. The enrollment during 1939-40 was 10,461, while during the cur rent school year, a total of 15,113 pupils were enrolled in schools in the county. Superintendent Roland antici pated an increase of 1,000 pupils for the next school term, based on present population figures. “Facilities for taking care of the increase are on hand,” he stated, “and we do not anticipate the school situation getting out-of bounds. Most of the new pupils will be in the primary grades, especially the First grade. Fig ures for the High school have not changed appreciably since last year.” More than 1,900 First grade pu pils were enrolled during the school term this year, and the superintendent expects more than 2,100 at the beginning of the next term in September. In the last normal year, there were less than 1,000 in the First grade. Asked about securing enough teachers to take care of the an ticipated increase, Mr. Roland replied: “The situation is rather diffi cult but not so much so as last year. I* think we’ll have enough teachers by September. Last year, we lost a lot of teachers to the armed forces but their places were filled by women teachers and this year only about 20 teachers have resigned for various reasons, such as moving* away from Wilming ton.” In releasing the comparison fig ures from 1939 through 1943, he pointed out the term “enrollment” meant the total number of pu pils listed in the county as at tending school during the year, (Continued on Page Four; Col. 4) RECORD U. S. BOMBER FORCE HITS SUB BASES IN FRANCE; AMERICANS GAINING ON A TTU TRAPPING JAPS Bulk Of Remaining Enemy Troops Driven Into Mountainous Area FIGHT ABOVE CLOUDS Conquest Of Island May Be Over Within Three Weeks Of Beginning ' WASHINGTON, May 29.— \(JP)—Relentless, stabbing ad I vances by American troops on Attu island have driven 'the bulk of remaining Jap anese troops into a single mountainous area, covering | only three to four square 'miles. | The Navy announced today this area, southwest of Chich agof harbor at the island’s northeastern tip, was under steady assault following an heroic American victory won 'above the clouds on Fish Hook ridge by tough moun jtain troops. To reac'h Japanese entrench ments on the ridge, which flanks ^he enemy-held area on the south, our soldiers inched their way for ward over rugged and snowy ter rain. Reach Enemy Nests Finally they had to scale 60-de igree slopes, under a deadly hail ; of bullets, to reach the enemy •nests above the clouds. 'The battle of the clouds began i about mid-week and apparently | was completed in two days oi ; heavy fighting. It was regarded here as marking the beginning oi the end of the last Japanese foot hold of any importance on Attu island. Thus, while the mopping up op erations have lasted longer ay a few days than some observers had first thought likely, it ap peared that the conquest of the island might be over within three weeks of its beginning. Next Tues day will mark the opening of the fourth week. Kiska Next The conquest of Attu is expect ed to be followed immediately by measures to neutralize Ja pan’s main Aleutians base on Kis ka island, and reduce the enemy forces there by bombing to the point at which they will be able to put up only minimum resis tance 'to amphibious attack. Today’s communique covered two days of fighting on Attu. Add ing detail to yesterday’s disclo sure of a successful attack on a ridge extending to the eqst of fish-hook ridge, the war-bulletin revealed the capture of the “strong Japanese positions on fish-hook (Continued on Page Nine; Col. 6) ITALYlAYHOLD FLEET IN RESERVE Warships Fail To Delay Reopening Of Allies Lines In Mediterranean WASHINGTON, May 29.—CP>— Failure of the Italian fleet even to delay the reopening of allied communications lines through the Mediterranean aroused speculation today over the possibility that the battered but still formidable sea force is being held in reserve for some momentous development in the European war. Two possible uses of the fleet, which may include as many as seven or eight battleships, were considered in informed quarters: 1. If the German high command has effective control of the force with its own officers in key spots, it might be employed at Hitler’s direction to battle any allied in vasion thrust across the\ Mediter ranean into Europe. ^Properly fought, the fleet could offer con siderable resistance to a British French-American invasion armada. 2. If Italians still have effective control of their navy, they may be holding it not so much for its fighting powers as for its value as a force with which to bargain in case the Italians decide to try to make terms with the allies. While the record of failure of the Italian fleet in the past is considered a fairly good indica tion of what may be expectecf (Continued on Page Nine; Col. 6) r i London Press Speculates On Prospects Of Invasion LONDON, May 29.—(fl>)—Lon don newspapers speculated in lively fashion today on the prospects of European invas ion, with one saying that “the greatest naval operation in history is imminent,” while the Rome radio lugubriously declared that “now the enemy has chosen Pantelleria, Sicily and Sardinia as his objec tives.” The Italian broadcast, re corded by the Associated Press, expressed conviction that Italy was marked for an invasion attempt soon. “All British and American war material at present is con stantly f’ owing toward the Mediterranean area. The ene my has no alternative,” it de dared, adding that “it was contemplated” that a Russian attack in the Caucasus would be timed to coincide “with the Anglo-American offensive.” The Germans have reported a Russian offensive in the Caucasus already underway, but the Russians themselves have not confirmed it offi cially. A military commentator of the Rome radio asserted that the invasion of Italy would be attempted with “thousands of barges full of Marines under an enormous air umbrella,” but declared that even if the Allies succeeded in gaining an initial toe-hold, “they would soon come up against such a 'Continued on Page Four; Col. 1) Russians Force Nazis To Adopt ‘Elastic Warfare’ - M._ HIT KUBAN TROOPS Apparently Producing Re sults In Drive To Crush German Bridgehead LONDON, Sunday, May 30—M3) —The German radio announced early today that a Soviet bat tering ram had forced the Ger man Kuban troops to “adopt a particularly elastic warfare” — the term used during last win ter’s Axis retreat in Russia. This was the first intimation that gussian power in the north western Caucasus had produced definite results in the Red army’s effort to crush the narrow Ger man bridgehead extending from Novorossisk on the Black sea across the Taman peninsula to Temryuk — but Moscow still re mained silent on the progress of the fighting. Fighting Continues A midnight Moscow communi que recorded by the Soviet Moni tor merely said “fighting con tinued” northeast of Novorossisk in the Kuban river district—the same phrase used for three con secutive days. A Berlin broadcast recorded by the Associated Press quoted a German war reporter as saying: “Itt view of continuous Soviet at tacks it proved necessary to adopt a particularly elastic warfare” in the Kuban river area. In their lengthy and detailed re ports of the Caucasian front the Germans have claimed since last Thursday that a large-scale Red army offensive was underway, and that the Russiahs were employing 150,000 men and hundreds of tanks, planes and artillery guns in an attempt to crash througn to the Kerch st»ait opposite the Crimea. Beyond announcing intensive aerial fighting in the area, Mos cow has kept silent, a frequent practice during the initiation of important campaigns. Red Star, Russian army newspaper, said yesterday that 197 German planes had been shot down in three days, but declared that it was the Ger mans who were attacking in “lo cal battles” in the Kuban swamp lands. The aerial warfare however ex tended all along the Russian front, Moscow declaring early today in one broadcast that long-range Sov iet bombers had made a mass raid Friday night on Vitebsk, im portant railway junction 75 miles (Continued on Page Four; Col. 5) Canning Of Menhaden Underway In Florida FERNANDINA, Fla., May 20——Canning of Menhade11 for human consumption is un der way at the Fernandina plant of Stokely Brothers. For more than 150 years Menhaden, also known as Porgy, have been caught in large quantities all along the Atlantic coast for conversion into oil and fertilizer, but on ly with the growing wartime demand for more food has the idea of using the fish for hu ' man consumption on a large scale made headway. The food division of the War Production Board, the fish and Wildlife division of the de partment of the interior, and Stokly Brothers, which oper ates canneries throughout the country, have been experi menting for more than a year with methods of preparing Menhaden for humans. EISENHOWERSET FOR MORE ACTION American Leader Declares Allies Have Wilted The Enemy’s Morale ALLIED HEADQUARTERS IN NORTH AFRICA, May 29 —<*— Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhower said in a broadcast tonight that his team of American, British and French forces was ready for any further task and was determined to fight in concert with other al lied forces until “we shall have brought the last army of Ger many, Italy and Japan to its in evitable ‘Tunisia.’ ” He ridiculed German propagan da efforts aimed at splitting the allies as “snarls and whimper ings of helpless rage.” “This team is bound together by indestructible devotion to a common cause,” the allied com mander in North Africa said on a British program called "All Af rica Calling Europe.” “We have wilted the enemy’s morale, for in this theater one of the best and proudest of his armies has been utterly destroy ed,” the American chieftain said. This he described as one of the intangible but “transcendently (Continued on Page Nine; Col. 6) Ickes Unable To Predict Relaxation Of Gas Bans WASHINGTON, May 29. UP) j Petroleum Administrator Ickes to day advised Senator Reynolds (D-NC) “in the light of the facts as known to us I cannot predict that there will be enough gaso line available for some time to permit relaxation of any of the restrictions which are now in ef fect” in North and South Caro lina. Reynolds had brought to Ickes’ attention a newspaper advertise ment sponsored by the Carolina Motor club, complaining of various discrepancies in the distribution of gasoline in the Carolinas and al leging residents of - the two states were being discriminated against. “As to the claims made irf' the newspaper advertisement,” Ickes said in a letter to Reynolds, “I have asked that a complete in vestigation be made by members of my staff and the results will j be made known as promptly as possible. j “It is most unfortunate,” Ickes added, “however, that any organi zation should bring to forcibly to athe attention of so many Ameri cans who are working diligently and untiringly on the war pro gram, allegations and implications which admittedly are not based on authentic information. (Continued on Page Nine; Col. 5) THREE-WAY DRIVE l New Blows On Italy Com ! piete War’s Heaviest Week Of Air Raids • 13 BOMBERS LOST ' __ Hundred Fortresses From | African Command Rain Bombs On Leghorn LONDON, May 29.—CP)— On the eve of the first anni versary of the RAF’s initial 1,000-plane raid on Cologne, the largest force of American heavy bombers ever to roar jout from British bases made a three-way daylight assault on western France today and other allied planes raked axis air fields in northern France. These widespread attacks, further softening Hitler's (European fortress for invas (ion, came as reports from North Africa told of new blows being struck at the Italian mainland and complet ed the war’s heaviest week of aerial bombardment of the continent. Fighting their way through swarms of enemy fighters, many of which were shot down, British-bas ed Flying Fortresses of the 8th U. S. air force battered port installa tions at the U-boat base of St. Na zaire and military targets at Ren nes, while Liberators flew unescort ed to La Palllce, a round trip of more than 600 miles, to pound the U-boat pens there. Lose 13 Planes In order to pave the way for these operations, which cost the Americans 13 four-engined planes, light bombers of the RAF with es corts of American and other Allied fighters attacked enemy air fields at Caen and Maupertus. Nearly 100 fortresses from Mai; Gen. James H. Doolittle’s north west Africa strategic air command in their northernmost penetration of Italy raided the port of Leg horn on the knee-cap of the Italian boot. The Leghorn raid has consider able significance, for the port—-lfiO miles north of Rome—is just short of the Ligurian sea naval base at Spezia where British-based RAF night bombers reached the high tide of their trans-Alpine assaults against Italy last winter after wrecking Genoa with aerial bombs. Italy is thus encompassed by the allied aerial offensive to bomb the Italians out of the war, and the Fascist fleet also is wide open to attack. The Italian ships apparent ly have been held in reserve to re sist any allied invasion attempt. Target The target of the Liberators from the Middle East command was Fog gia and its airdrome in the Italian hinterland 80 miles east of Naples. The results of these and subsidi ary raids by assorted allied aircraft were the destruction or damaging of at least 13 enemy bombers on the ground and direct hits on sev eral hangars at Foggia, great dam age to the Leghorn shipyards, in cluding hits on three supply vesels, and the destruction of at least 19 enemy fighter planes. One large force of American Fly ing Fortresses crossed the chan nel early in the day and returned in mkl-afternoon over the Folke stone Rea,' flying high and unes corted. • Hardly had their wheels toucnea the ground when other heavy bom bers, presumed also to be Fortress es, were reported crossing the south coast of England in waves, flying high in the direction of fit. Nazaire and Lorient, enemy TJ-boat bases on the coast of France. Following this report came an 8th U. S. air force announcement that "large formations” of heavy bombers, some of which were sup ported by fighters, attacked targets in western ranee during the after noon. Air Fields AH ached “These operations were preceded by attacks by RAF bombers escort ed by fighters on air fields in northern France.” thfi ' anr junce ment said. ‘ v The air ministry disclosed that RAF f light bombers were out in fores over northern France during the after noon and that they atacked at least two enemy air fields without losing a plane. One force of typhoon bombers, escorted by fighters, struck at the Waupertus air field on the Cher Continued on'Page Four; Col. 3) . \
Wilmington Morning Star (Wilmington, N.C.)
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May 30, 1943, edition 1
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