North Carolina Newspapers

gifl ilmuutfmt Stnt VOL.jf’:'^0 2-— ■—— ---_ WILMINGTON, N. C., MONDAY, JULY 5, 1943 FINAL EDITION ESTABLISHED 1867 Leaders Seek fays To Send Solons Home Subsidy Controversy Still Perplexes Solons Be fore Vacation Time senate to get plan fouse Has Approved Bill TV Extend Life Of Com modity Credit Unit WASHINGTON, July 4.— OP) _ With total appropria tes mounting toward the $130,000,000,000 mark lead ers are seeking to dispose of the perplexing subsidy con troversy and get final appro val of five money bills in time to send the irritated and weary 78th Congress home for a rest this week. The subsidy question will be before the Senate tomor- _ row for action on a House proved bill which would 1 extend the life of the Com modity Credit Corporation for six months and increas ing its borrowing power by 8350,000,000,000 so as to car ry on the Administration’s program of rolling back the retail prices of meat, butter and coffee. Extension Approved The Senate Banking committee yesterday approved legislation for the six-months extension, but fix ing a limit of $525,000,000 on the amount of subsidy money CCC could spend in that time. If the administration wins a temporary victory on the subsidy issue. Congress probably will quit by mid - week with President Roosevelt's batting average on ma-l jor legislation standing well over the .500 mark. Topping the list of presidential demands on Congress in the last six months was the president’s re quest tor approval of a $107,000, 000.000 budget to run the war and! keep the home Iront agencies op-1 erating. t A compilation showed today I that total appropriations since tins Congress convened will reach mw,000,000 it the five pending oiiis finally are approved with the amounts they now bear. This larg er total is accounted for by defi ciency appropriations to meet ex penditures during this fiscal year that ended July 1, as well as the advance appropriations for amounts the government will sp“d ln„the' new fiscal ye«r. The bills yet to be acted upon finally include labor-federal seen v wai ngencies, agriculture, in !®nor and a deficiency monev measure, measures carrying a to i °f more than $5,000,000,000. Looking back over the months members could count about as pany on which President from rn4 SOt What he wanted he stmck out.3 ** th°Se °n which fofwbiph lhe hl^ge aPProPriations *ch he asked, the president -!l°mi“ued »n Page Two; Col. 4) LiquidationOf Local NY A ProjectAlreadyUnderway mington NYA6' dirteCt0r °f the Wil’ li„a R " center on the Caro af) eacl1 r°ad, revealed Sunday project^ that,the li(luidati°n of his w.datp .*llready be.Sun in ac mitted p 'lltho instructions trans Thomas'^H RSUndva*y morning by lead r BrouSht°n, area NYA -ms n Gyeenyille- Aubrey Wil v natl0nal director of the for ces°sa8rniZati0n’ issued orders gress „,T,of work after Con eigh v ed S to kill the Wa °ld Naming agency. Cf t0 Mr- White- the 39 leave f01 la at Jhe Pro5ect will Those whn thei1’ homes Monday, ec in the; 6 ,sufficienUy advanc tificat2Tf Work wi.u be given cer them tn a availability, permitting dustries $Te jobs in defense in Visors. who 14 pr°iect super bedittek. ° nt, t must leave im 'tatements1 llkewise receive the will remain in Wil f diversifLSerVe as coordinat°r Sanover p 1. occuPations for New las helH * scbool, a position he fen to'L°Lfome time in addi Instruchti0n,YA dlr.ectorship. « the Nat? specified that none 'bit ecmin °na^ Youtb Administra te ! arvlPment is to be removed c,ngements for disposition Yanks Batter At Outer Defenses of Japar While American artillery which had been landed on the island of Rendova pounded the Japanese base at Munda. five miles across a channel, ground forces from XJ. S.-held Viru harbor fought through the jungle toward the same objective. Lower map shows the Solomon Islands area in which the offensive is being conducted. City Notes Independence Day In Quiet Atmosphere Highlighting one of the quietest Fourth of July obser vances in the citys’ history was the address of Brigadier General Bryan L. Milburn, commandant of the Anti-Air craft Artillery School at Camp Davis, who spoke before a large assembly of citizens at the Independence Day pro grams of the USO club, Second and Orange streets, Sun day afternoon. Wilmington churches observed the day in song and sermon. Among the topics discussed by local ministers were “Bondage and Freedom,” Dr. William Crowe, Jr-, at First Presbyterian church: “Let Feedom Ring,” the Rev. C. D. Barclift, Fifth Avenue Meth-*-— odist; “A Nation that Changed Gods,"’ the Rev. Walter B. Freed, St. Paul's Lutheran; Independence Day services were conducted at I St. James Episcopal church by the Rev. Mortimer Glover. Police activity was said to be comparatively light on the Fourth with the automobile accident re cord negligible. Two drownings were reported in the county. Po lice had no complaints of disturb ances by fire-crackers. Gen. Milburn, who was introduc ed by Dr. W. Terry Osborne, di rector of the USO club, explained “Why We Are Fighting this War, and Why We Must Win It.” He emphasized that the issue goes beyond modern history, that it existed almost before the dawn of recorded history. “Whether a man exists to serve his govern ment or whether his government exists to serve him.” “In the beginning, he said, men elected their leader for their good, and not his own. But leaders tend to perpetuate themselves, or try to. Thus arose the inevitable, es sential conflict between the lead ers and the led as to whose in terests came first. The stage was set for a struggle that has lasted thousands of years. Today, the is sue is by no means decided.” Ben. Milburn traced the rise of the democratic idea from Grecian days when it was recognized that an individual had the hight to (Continued on Page Two; Col. 5) are completed. Eventually, it will be turned over to the procurement division of the Treasury for dis posal. Mr. White declared. It is believed that liquidation will be finished within a few days. Since the NYA center was open ed in the summer of 1942, approxi mately 1,200 yuoths have obtained industrial training there; Mr. White reported that an estimated 75 per cent of the number had been placed in war industries as a re sult of their instruction. “The Wilmington project has done a great deal to help many boys and girls from the western part of the state, youths who have never had an opportunity to learn a trade and because of limited ed ucation were unable to get into another training agency. A larfee number of our trainees have gone into the shipyards,” Mr. White commented. The list of directors who have supervised the local project in cludes Harold Jeter, Marcus Ham, and Mr. White. DEATH CERTIFICATE SIGNED WASHINGTON, July 4. — (P) — The National Youth Administration (Continued on Page Three; Col. 6) PUPIL ACCIDENT RATE VERY LOW Only One Mishap Report ed At School Crossing In Seven Years New Hanover school children made 5,040,000 crossings of busy streets and highways at schodl zones without a single accident of any sort last year, Captain John Davis, head of the police depart ment’s traffic squad, estimated Sunday night. He said that the record was the result of the work of the junior traffic squad, composed of older school children who serve as traf fic officers at school crossings and declared: "It’s wonderful when you take into consideration the traffic con ditions existing on our streets and highways for the past year.” In fact, Capt. Davis said Sunday night, he can remember but one accident in a school zone in the seven years he has served as head of the traffic squad, that involving a high school lad who swerved a bicycle in front of an automobile at Thirteenth and Market streets. “I attribute this record to the wonderful aid that these junior traffic boys give us. I don’t see how we could get along without them.” He also praised New Hanover motorists for their caution in driv ing through school zones in the past year. There were approximately 300 youths serving on the school traf fic squad at city and county schools in the past year. Approximately (Continued on Page Five; Col. 2) WEATHER NORTH CAROLINA: Slightly warmer Monday. (Eastern Standard Time) (By U. S. Weather Bureau) Meteorological data for the 24 hours ending 7:30 p. m., yesterday. Temperature 1:30 a. m., 70; 7:30 a. m., 71; 1:30 p. m., 83; 7:30 p. m., 78. Maximum 85; minimum 68; mean 77; normal 79. Humidity 1:30 a. m., 83; 7:30 a. m., 89; 1:30 p. m., 54; 7:30 p. m., 73. Precipitation Total for the 24 hours ending 7:30 p. m., 0.00 inches. Total since the first of the month, 2.00 inches. Tides For Today (From the Tide Tables published by U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey) High Low Wilmington -11:47A 6:49A -P 6:47P Masonboro Inlet_9:30 A 3:29A 9:38P 3:31P Sunrise 5:06 a.-m.; sunset 7:27 p. m.; moonrise 7:47 a.; moonset 9:39p. Cape Fear River stage at Fayetteville on Sunday, at 8 a. m., 18.35 feet. jMacArthur’s Men Take Vura; Philippine Drive Is Nearing; RAF Again Shatters Cologne HAMBURG POUNDED American Fortresses Rock Nantes, Le Mans And La Paliice REPEAT PERFORMANCE British Bombers Pulverize Ruhr Area Twice Dur ing Week* LONDON, July 4.— (JP)— The RAF rocked the already devastated city of Cologne for 45 minutes last night and also pounded Hamburg, while large formations of Ameri can Flying Fortresses took over the daylight offensive today by laying a destructive bomb pattern across three important Axis targets — Nantes, Le Mans and La Pal lice in France. The coordinated sky as saults cost the RAF 32 planes and the U. S- Air Force eight fortresses. Flames visible for 150 miles were left in Cologne to eat their way through the ruins of that Rhineland in dustrial and communications hub, returning British bom bardiers said. Visibility Excellent It was a repeat performance of the big RAF attack on Monday night—a raid which the German radio said had “entirely altered” Cologne’s face. The Americans, observing the first anniversary of Eighth Air Force operation! over Europe, found the visibility excellent in the attacks on U-boat nests and port installations at Nantes and La Pallice, and an airplane factory at Le Mans. “Bombing results were good,” said the communique, which add ed that “strong fighter opposition was encountered at Le Mans and Nantes,” but none at La Pallice. “A number of enemy fighters were destroyed by the bombers,” the communique said. RAF, Dominion, and Allied fight er squadrons who covered the withdrawal of one of the three bomber formations also knocked down two German fighters. “We’ve got one less' target to bomb now,” said one American bombardier who participated in the blow at a German aircraft works in Le Mans, 120 miles southwest of Paris. “They can cross that factory off the list,” he said. “It just isn’t there any more.” The blow at Le Mans involved round-trip flight of more than 20G miles, but this thrust was the (Continued on Page Two; Col. 3) Walter Lippmann Says: Something Must Change In Governmental Plans BY WALTER LIPPMANN A learned friend with whom I was discussing the political mish mash in Washington has sent me some remarks made by the Duke of Wellington about Napoleon Bon aparte’s “most egregious faults of generalship and conduct” in his disastrous Russian cafnpaign of 1812. They are recorded in the papers of John Wilson C'roker, who was secretary to the Admi ralty from 1809 to 1830. Time was everything, said Wellington, and Napoleon lost seven weeks; he was often absent when he ought and might have been present; if he had been pres ent, he would have pr.t an end to a dispute between his generals and probably, have had a decided success. f “His conduct ... is not easily accounted for. I believe he was in more awe of his marshals than was generally supposed — he acted as if he were not sure of their obedience; for instance, he would order one of them to take another under his com mand, but he never ventured to tell the other to obey him. . . . Of course, the two fellows got into a quarrel directly.” . . . It is not always a comfort to read history. For there is no rec ord of anyone’s having been able to persuade Napoleon to accept the kind of advice which he most needed. Yet the trouble in Washington today cannot be overcome except ---A Interest Is Aroused Over Finnish Bid To U. S. For Friendship WASHINGTON, July 4. — M>) — An open Finnish bid for relations with the United States, in disre gard of German pressure on Fin land, aroused interest in diplomat ic quarters here today. Organization of a Finnish-Ameri can society at Helsinki, composed only of Finns, was announced dur ing the past week to “cultivate good relations between Finland and the United States.” Its chairman is Eljas E'rkko, newspaper editor and former foreign minister. Its organizers have long been considered pro-American. What in terested Washington observers was the fact that they should announce such an organization while subject to German pressure. Some regarded it as a sign that Germany has weakened until the Finns no longer fear that country and that the organizers of the so ciety, at least, are confident of a United Nations victory. The group is generally believed to be motivat ed by a desire for American friend ship during Finltnd’s war with So viet Russia and especially at the eventual peace table, when Fin land’s post-war status in Europe is decided. No comment on the announce ment of the new society has come from Germany, although the Ger mtn Transocean news agency re ported it. This agency said the aim was to “acquaint the Finns with the industrial and cultural life of the United States, while in the United States knowledge of Fin land is to be promoted.” Toy Electric Train Locomotives Needed By Davis Trainees A toy electric locomotive is needed for towing model tar gets at Camp Davis. Thorough search of stores and toy repos itories for miles around has failed to uncover one. Because it' is really neces sary to have a toy locomotive for highly technical studies, the Star is stepping in, and asking some Wilmington boy who has lost his fondness for the one Santa gave him a few years ago to give it and so make an actual contribution to the war effort. Maybe two boys could bring themselves to part with their discarded favorite. The camp could make good use of two, hut will be grateful if only one is forthcoming. Camp Davis will not need the track, too, but must have the transformer, or motor or propelling device that makes the engine run. Donors may bring their gifts to the Star-News, direct to the '' editorial department. The camp would like to have a toy locomotive by Wednes I day. How about if, hoys? by yielding to the exceedingly dif ficult and very unwelcome plea for a change of heart and of mind by the Chief Executive. Is it not obvious that something has to change if the country is to be governed? The tenure of the President is fixed. The tenure of the Congress is fixed. Neither can override the other. The President cannot govern without Congress. T8he country cannot be governed without the President. Yet some where, somehow, in the rigidity of our constitutional system there must be found enough flexibility of change to melt this frozen mud dle. No doubt the President feels that the place for a change is in his opponents in Congress. But to say this is to beg the question. When a man has the war - time powers of the President of the United States, he has the power, and therefore the responsibility, for acting so that the normal op position does not become unman ageable. No one can honestly ad mire the whole record of this Con gress, and all the tests of public opinion show that the sober ma jority of our people do not ad mire it. But the record shows also a clear line of demarcation in the actions of Congress: on the one side of the line unhesitating and unanimous support of the fighting services, and on the other, an angry, and at times a reckless (Continued on Page Three; Col. 5) MacArthur Seems Bent On Plans To Keep Word WASHINGTON, July 4.—OP)— Friends of General Douglas MacArthur said today that a week’s development of the of fensive in the South Pacific had reasonably well convinced them that MacArthur has final ly launched the campaign by which he intends to return to the Philippines. Months of fighting at least remain to be done, for the of fensive now is in its earliest and simplest stage—the strug gle for strategically placed bases from which to make the next wave of assaults on Japan’s main South Pacific de fense line. Because of the time which must elapse before the Mac Arthur strategy can reach its climax, most emphasis now is being placed on other and more immediate triumphs expected. However, military men do not minimize the importance stra tegically of a reconquest of at least the southern part of the Philippines. That would place American forces in position to harass and eventually to sever Japan’s supply lines to her rich conquered territories in Mala ya and the Netherland East Indies. Pushing the conquest of the Philippines northward would not only increase the po tential damage to Japanese shipping but would also bring within range of attack the ene my base on Formosa island and probably make possible an aerial junction of MacArthur’s forces with the Allied forces— American, Chinese and British —driving toward the Asiatic coast through southern China. Here is the way the South Pacific situation shapes up al most a week after the start of the first real offensive against Japan: MacArthur with full strate gic control of both his own for ces and those of Admiral Wil liam F. Halsey, Jr., can turn the Allied striking power in any direction that seems most desirable. Generally his forces in New Guinea and Halsey’s units in the central Solomons appear to be driving initially for bases from which to throw overwhelming air power against the Japanese base of Rabaul from two directions. At this time, however, the con quest of Rabaul is not so im portant as is the engagement and destruction of Japanese air and naval forces. Even if no territorial advance were made but hundreds of planes and dozens of ships could be de stroyed in the next few weeks of fighting, much progress would have been made toward victory. (Continued on Page Two; Col. 4) NAZIS LOSE 800 MEN TO RUSSIANS ITALIANS DESTROY PORT FACILITIES Futile Charges Prove Dis astrous To Enemy In Northwest Area LONDON, Monday, July 5.— <iP> —The Germans suffered 800 dead in two futile charges against an impirtant height on the northwest front yesterday, Moscow announc ed early today, while the Berlin radio said Russian transport move ments along the huge front had been completed and “a Soviet of fensive now is to be expected al most any day.” ' Three German battalions of 2, 400 SS elite troops,, supported by seven tanks, “tried to retrieve an important height which our guards captured at the end of June,” said the midnight Russian bulletin in describing the sharp fight which presumably occurred in the Veli kie Luki sector, 90 miles from the Latvian border. Strong Russian fire from all types of arms forced the enemy to retreat in the first attack. A sec ond Axis attempt was met by a Red army counterattack which “hurled the enemy back again with heavy losses.” In addition to more than 800 enemy troops killed the Russian air attacks Friday night on Kerch and Temryuk, Cri mean ad Caucasian ports on the southern end of the long front. Several German shops out of a collection of transports and motor barges were sunk at Temryuk, the Russians said, and all the So viet planes returned to their bas es. The consistent raids on these ports ip the Kerch strait area may foreshadow Soviet land operations aimed at smashing the narrow Ax is bridgehead in the Caucasus where the German high command declared yesterday that Axis for ces had advanced in the Lagoon area below Temryuk “despite dif ficult terrain conditions and ene my counter defense.’ Moscow did not mention any land operations In the Caucasus, but Berlin radio commentators in broadcasts recorded by the Asso ciated Press acknowledged that Soviet landing barges and flat bottomed motor boats had been threatening Germany’s communi cations leading back to the Cri mea. During the past week the Rus sians said their airmen and gun ners had destroyed 66 German planes compared to 18 Soviet loss es. An enemy transport also was (Continued on Page Two; Col. 1) NOTICE! If your carrier fails to leave your copy of the Wil mington Morning Star, Phone 2-3311 before 9:00 a. m. and one will be sent to you by special messenger. Enemy Demolishing Own Quays At Trapani Har bor Before Invasion ALLIED HEADQUARTERS IN NORTH AFRICA, July 4.—(/Pi Adding to destruction caused yes terday by the heaviest aerial at tack on Italy’s island airdromes since the fall of Pantelleria, Axis defenders of invasion-threatened Sicily have begun blowing up port installations that might be used in an Allied landing, it was dis closed today. An official announcement said aerial photographs showed that the enemv was destroying his own quays at Trapani, on the north west tip of Sicily, with demoli tion charges. (The Rome radio said in a broadcast recorded last night by NBC that the big air and naval base of Palermo, Sicily’s capital, has "ceased to exist” under the pounding of Allied bombers.) The Italian Sunday communique, broadcast from Rome, stated that Allied planes bombed Ostia and Fiumicino at the mouth of the Ti ber southwest of Rome last night and repeatedly flew over the out skirts of Rome itself, drawing an ti-aircraft fire from the capital’s batteries. (British Foreign Secretary An thony Eden reiterated last week that there would be no hesitation in bombing the Italian capital "if the course of the war should ren (Continued on Page Two; Col. 2) Mediterranean Campaign Developing With Speed BY KIRKE L. SIMPSON WASHINGTON, July 4. — UR — Even as the imagination-stirring offensive led by General Douglas MacArthur develops in the far Pa cific, there are ever-sharpening portents of still greater Allied ac tion on the other side of the world, in the historic Mediterranean Sea. Capped by Prime Minister Churchill's blunt disclosure to Par liament of steps taken jointly by the Washington and London gov ernments to prevent any repercus sions of French army or other con troversies in Africa from delaying operations, the week’sd evelop ments were significant. They all pointed to early action from French Africa against the Axis-held continent or its island bulwarks. While there may be ac tion, too, from other African bases eastward, there can be no ques tion that French Africa is a well prepared springboard or that Al lied power so dominates the Medi terranean that it can be crossed in force. The fight will come on the se lected landing beaches or beyond them, not at sea. Evidence of that 300 JAPS KILLED Pacific Commander-In> Chief In Personal Charge Of Campaign DOWN 21 AXIS PLANES Foe Attempts Raid On Newly Won Rendova; Allies Break Attack ALLIED HEADQUAR day, July 5.—(JP)—Allied for ces, expanding their gains in the new Southwest Pacific of fensive under the personal leadership of General Douglas MacArthur have seized Vura village on Vangunu island, killing 300 of the Japanese garrison and dispersing the remainder. Anouncement of this new conquest came shortly after headquarters here had dis closed that General MacAr thur himself had taken the field to direct operations. The general, who vowed when he left Corregidor in the Phil ippines that he some day would return, went to New Guinea last month, a head quarters statement said, to direct preparation of the great drive which in a few days resulted in occupation of Kirwina and Woodlark is lands, capture of Viru harbor and a successful landing at Nassau bay just below Sala maua in New Guinea 155 Warplaes Destroyed At Rendova island in the central Solomons, which was occupied by All’ed troops last week, 21 Japan ese planes were destroyed in air battles and by anti-aircraft fire, the noon communique added. This raised to 155 the number of ene my planes downed since the begin ning of the new drive last Wednes day. The ground situation at Nassau bay, on the northeast coast of New Guinea, was described as quiet. “Since our landing 50 enemy dead have been counted, represent ing only a fraction of the total Jap anese casualties,’ the communique said. “Our losses have been moder ate.” In the Salamaua sector, just north of Nassau bay, patrol clash es are continuing. A Japanese pa trol of 20 men were dispersed near Bobdubi, after 10 were killed and several wounded. Referring back to the capture of Viru harbor on New Georgia last week, the noon communique declared that American casualties there totalled only 33. Action Sunday included an at tack by Allied torpedo and dive bombers on the Japanese bivouac areas at Munda, site of a power ful Japanese air base on New Geor gia. A single Liberators bomber on reconnaissance off New Guinea at (Continued on Page Two; Col. 8) came from an unexpected quarter. Lloyd’s, the great London marine insurance risk authority, is again authorizing rates for Mediterra nean voyages. It has not done that since June, 1940. And these rates are even lower than those for the long cape route around Africa to the Indian ocean which has been little threatened. This means that Allied air pow er and naval forces are in com plete control of the Mediterranean from end to end. And that means that the way to Sicily, to Sardinia, to the Italian boot itself is open whenever Allied forces are ready to jump off from Africa against them. The time element is implicit in every Allied move by General Dwight D. Eisenhower to insure continued full control by General Henri Giraud of French forces in North and West Africa. Whatever Washington’s displeas ure with Giraud’s rival, General Charles de Gaulle, and London shares it to a very large extent, its primary basis is that his ef forts to rearrange French com mand authority in the African op erations zone and to reorganize the (Continued on Page Five; Col. 4)