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sis 1 tlmmgtmt iBimtfttg Btnr \ r~ VOL/76.—NO. 279. Churchill Shifts His Base Of Operations From Quebec And Visits Falls Of Nw//fa CONFERENCE LATEB FDR And Prime Minister Will Meet In Canada For Talks parleys continuing Military Men Still Discuss ing Plans In Ab sence Of Leader FDR Promij Independen Russians Say Presence At FDR-Churchill Talk Not 'Asked Or Fitting’ LONDON, Friday, Aug. 12.— (W)—The Soviet government to day answered criticism of the absence of Russian delegates to the forthcoming Roosevelt Churchill conference at Quebec by saying that such Russian participation "is neither sug gested nor fitting.” “The Soviet government did not receive an invitation to be present at the meeting, and be cause of the character of the conference the participation of any one representative of the Soviet government at the meet ing in Quebec is neither sug gested nor fitting,” said an of ficial Moscow broadcast record ed by the Soviet monitor. President Roosevelt already had disclosed in Washington that Russian representatives would not attend the confer ence, but he said that did not mean he would not be awfully glad to have them present. -v_ ses Fi^yos ce A:' ^ vVar .* —£< ; liberty to be quick President Says Islands To Be Free Shortly After Jap’s Defeat WASHINGTON, Aug. 12.— W — President Roosevelt tonight prom ised the Filipino people full inde pendence from the United States “the moment the power of our | Japanese enemies is destroyed’’ and said that such freedom would come quickly. In a recorded radio address broadcast to the Philippines on the occasion of the 45th anniversary of American occupation of the is lands, the President said flatly: “I give the Filipino people my word that the Republic of the Phil ippines will be established the mo ment the power of our Japanese enemies is destroyed. The Con gress of the United States has act ed to set up the independence of ’he Philippines. The timei will come quickly when that goes' into full effect. “You will soon be redeemed from the Japanese yoke and you will be assisted in the full repair of the ravages caused by the war.” The chief executive’s remarks were interpreted in Philippine cir cles here as countering Japanese Premier Tojo’s reported pledge to the Japanese-seized islands that they will be made an independent nation by the end of this war. Joaquin M. Elizalde, Philippine resident commissioner in Washing ton, gave this meaning to the ad dress. He also said it meant that the islands would not have to wait until July 4. 1946 for full freedom as provided by the Tydings-Mc Duffie independence act, but that political independence would be “automatic when the Japs are driven out.” This would require amendatory legislation by the American Con gress, but E’lizalde saw no diffi culty there. Present law provides for full freedom after a transition period to prepare the island eco nomically to become a republic. Elizalde said Tojo’s independ ence promise was being followed up by a commission in the Phil ippines working on a new consti (Continued on Page Seven; Col. 5) QUEBEC. Aug. 12.—(fP)—* Britain’s prime minister tem porarily shifted his base of operations away from Quebec today, while British, Canad ian, and an advance guard of Amer'can military men con tinued a review here of the piaster war strategy of the A^'es. Prime Minister Churchill and President Roosevelt will meet in Quebec later on for concentrated war. discussions and a meeting of the Bvitish A»"ori"an chiefs of staff. Leaves Late At Night p...-chill left here late last night rA showed up this morning at y-„ara Falls, where he viewed tfc« scenic splendors of the giant pn<—act or. the Canadian-Ameri ren boundary. Then he boarded a f!"—!al six-car train and left for an undisclosed destination. The prime minister was accom panied by his daughter, Mary, and a large party. Prime Minister W. L. MecKenzie King of Canada, with whom Chur chill had been in consultation here for two davc, remained in Quebec, along with the ranking military, naval and air advisers the two statesmen had brought along with them. The only word during the day from Canadian officials was that military talks still were going on during Churchill’s absence. The time when the prime minist er and Mr. Roosevelt will come to Quebec for war councils behind the walls of the city's famed old Citadel cannot be disclosed. Their deliberations are expected to pick up where they left off in Washington last May and produce (a secret pattern for combat opera tions around the globe, plus | an agreement on political, relief, and administrative policies to be pur sued as additional territory is wrenched from Axis hands. The opinion prevails here that the sixth war parley of the two United Nations’ statesmen will fol low the lines of those in the past to the extent that it will be pri marily an Anglo-American affair, with the Canadians making it triangular whenever matters come up that particularly affect them. MacKenzie King and his highest military advisers went to Wash ington last May, although they were less active in the talks there than the British and Americans. That may be the case again, even though the conferences this time take place on Canadian soil. _vr HUGE POST-WAR PROBLEMS SEEN City Officials Told That Federal Government To Face Big Job RALEIGH, Aug. 12.-Calling for intelligent and systematic plan ning for peace time. State Treas urer Charles M. Johnson today told the North Carolina League of Municipalities that the post - war problem-to be faced by the Amer ican people will be "of such pro portions that the federal govern ment alone will not be able to handle it.” Johnson, who is also director of local government in North Caro lina, said that “local and state governments must prepare now to I share in handling this post-war nroblem when it comes.” America, after the war. will j be faced with a social and eco nomic problem of finding jobs for the men and women who are re leased irom the armed forces. Private industry is preparing now to convert to peace time produc tion, but it will not be able tc take care of all the unemployed,” he said. Stating that he was not advocat ing a rash and precipitant spend ing program, productive of waste fulness and extravagance, he ad vocated, however, the restoration cf existing properties to pre-war conditions, new construction, addi tions and improvements, and the expansion of public works. He declared that he hoped the country would “be spared the al lurements and wastefulness of an other WPA.” Harold F. Aiderfer, planning con sultant of the American Municipal Association of Chicago, urged mu rrcipalities to plan now a program jf progress after the war. He urg ed the planning of a financial pro gram, dependmg entirely upon mu litipal revenue, to take care of any expansion Continuing its program of dis cussing municipal problems, the league conducted roundtable con ferences which considered various questions. Conferences were pre sided over by John Ward, Char lotte city councilman; Dr. Harold Myer, executive secretary of the ?tate Recreation Commission; Mayor George Coan, Jr., of Win :*.cn-Salem; W B. Campbell, Wil mington city attorney; George N. Eamhsrt, Tarboro city clerk; R. W. Madry, mayor of Chapel Hill; H. Rutter, city manager of Gas tonia; M. Swartz, superintendent of utilities of Greenville. WEED SALES SHOW RISE IN VOLUME Better Grades Of Tobaccos ■ Trickle In To Border Belt Marts Heavier sales and the Introduc tion of better grade tobaccos char acterized activity on nearby tobac co markets Thursday, according to reports of sales supervisors. “Chadbourn tobacco sales oegin to look like old times,” observed Bernard W. Peal, who listed 116, 00S pounds sold there, at an aver age of $42.02 per hundred. “Thurs day was the largest poundage day so far, and prices on all grades were stronger,” he said. Five hundred thousand pounds of the weed were sold on the White ville warehouse floors, with better grades showing from one to two dollars increase in price. Lower quality lugs and primings hovered around $40 and $41: Official government figures re leased ori Fairmont activities show ed 600,892 pounds sold, the aver age being $41.99 per hundred. The money paid out amounted to $252, 330.65. The low basket of tobacco went for $15; the top basket for $51. At Clarkton, where 193,298 pounds were sold at an average of $41.77, Thursday’s business was described as the best this season. AAA President Sees More Gas For State With Next Few Days CHARLOTTE, Aug, 12.-UB Coieman W. Roberts, president of we Carolina Motor Club, said to Jb l,e 1,vas confident the gasoline 1 : s of A-car holders in the Car ivoli5 Woult* 1)6 doubled within a "eek or two. ten-'Lmade his Prediction in an in At ih Wlt*1 Charlotte News. th" „, l same time he declared r.,... , w°uld demand a Con I;f'ona investigation of gaso tioninp^u11®' pricinS- and ra nomngjn the two states Hard Coal Dealers To Be Cut 10 Per Cent On Yearly Supply , WASfflNGTON. Aug. l._ UP _ •ku-ino r*v,°f lle Interior Ickes, de ,1 mine strikes h a v e hard ; a,loss of 3,500,000 tons of artL^r :lnnounced today that hf iirnj e, dealers henceforth will yjar\ ed t3 90 Percent of last Th ,equirements. iccWo']^'011 E fue£ administrator taat " 1 at a Press conference, to sunnv, gomg t0 have trouble cite lhe demand” for anthra think 5drr]add!d that he did not r.Eces-i;, ,COal rationing would be tjininobeo,aus<: “a type of bi’ hold COa., suitable for house those h-rrtW:11 ,be available for Slight °ra c?al consumers who frcient m!6 difficulty getting suf Quantit’e* of anthracite to \ beat their homes. Tie said this year’s anthracite goal was 65.000,000 tons but that work stoppages have made attain ment of that goal a virtual im possibility. As a result the solid fuels administration and other gov ernment agencies are starting an ‘ intensive fuel conservation cam paign for anthracite.'’ He said the anthracite distribution committee was studying the problem in New York and that to carry out the conservation program regional of fices will be established in New York, Boston, Philadelphia, Wilkes-Barre Penn., and Syra cuse, N. Y., situated in the prin cipal anthracite - consuming areas of the nation. Spokesmen for the solid fuels ad ministration said after the confer- , ence that the 90 percent allotment 1 plan would be made effective “as soon as the details can be worked 1 out.” They said the restriction would remain in effect until pro- 1 auction was high enough to meet : consumer needs. , Ickes said that “any future stoppages will, of i course, make the situation much worse.” Although there was a loss in 1 bituminous production as a result . of the strikes, the fuel officials said this loss was not as severe • as in anthracite because of the t (Continued on Page Eight; Col. 3) : WILMINGTON, N. C., FRIDAY, AUGUST 13, 1943 Soviet Army Now 5 Miles From Kharkov Russians Drive Through Suburbs Of Vital City In Steady Push CHUGUEV IS CAPTURED Important Offensive May Completely Seal Fate Of German Force LONDON, Aug. 12.—(>P)— Russian forces drove through the suburbs to within five miles of Kharkov from the northeast tonight, a Russian special communique said, ap parently making the fall of that Ukranian manufacturing center certain on the eighth day of the Soviet offensive. Southeast of Kharkov the Russians captured the stra tegic German strongpoint of Chuguev, 22 miles away. It was the capture of Chuguev by the Russians which preci pitated the fall of Kharkov ■ in last winter’s Soviet offen sive. The Germans then re captured Kharkov and the surrounding area a month later. 20 Areas Are Taken German reports had mentioned a large Russian shock force gath ering strength in the Chuguev area last week. Capture of the center indicated that an important offen sive. whi,ch may completely seal the fate of the Germans defending Kharkov, was on the inarch. In the Kharkov push more than 20 towns and villages fell to the onrushing Soviets, said the com munique, broadcast by Moscow ra dio and recorded by the Soviet monitor. -» With Kharkov almost completely encircled, another Russian force was swinging west, nearing the high-water mark of their offensive last February. By taking Kotel va, 65 miles west of Kharkov, they , were threatening the rail junctions of Sumy and Poltava. But they • were still 37 miles southeast of Lebedin, the farthest point reach ed last winter. To the north, the Russians (Continued on Page Eight; Col. 4) ] _ ""i * NAZI OIL PUNTS BOMBED BY U. S. Flying Fortresses Smash Through Defense To Pound Gelsenkirchen LONDON, Aug. 12.— (#—Ameri can Flying Fortresses smashed through heavy German defenses in the Ruhr and Rhineland today to deliver daylight attacks on syn tactic oil plants at Gelsenkirchen and Wecseling and industrial tar gets at Bonn after a layoff since the end of July. Twenty-five of the four-engined craft were lost, but it was an nounced that they shot down at least 20 enemy fighters and that escorting Thunderbolts and Spit fires destroyed three more. Crews reported that targets in all three cities were leit flaming. The air offensive against the continent continued into the eve ning wnen a strong force of me dium combers, escorted by fight ers, streaked across the channel in the direction of Cologne about 7 p.m. ■ RAF fighter planes were unusu ally acijye over the straits of Do ver dunng the evening. Forma tions crossed and recrossed to northern France for nearly two hours. German fighter planes were en countered chiefly by the Fortress formations which pounded Gelsen kirchen. the battered oil refinery town 27 miles west of Dortmund on the Duisburg-Hamm railway, but the Nazis threw up an explo sive anti-aircraft umbrealla over ail three cities, a joint American and British communique said. Army And Navy Heads Take Part In Current Study Of Tax Problems WASHINGTON, Aug. 12.—(/P) } _Army and Navy authorities £ are taking part in current tax + studies and are counselling against any increases so steep as to destroy the incentive for * fullest possible war production, Secretary of the Treasury Mor genthau disclosed today. Backed by the War Produc- « tion Board, the armed services > want to make sure that exist- ® ing incentive systems—under which workers are swelling r their incomes by putting forth c greater efforts—are not nulli fied by taxation. c Thus a new factor entered r the drafting of a program in- d tended to raise an additional e $12,000,000,000 during the year jh beginning January 1. . The 7 Treasury already has indicated it is studying means to pre- a vent inequitable tax burdens on v persons whose incomes have t. not conformed to the upward J1 trend. 1‘ Explaining to his press radio conference the presence c of Under-secretaries Patterson f' and Forrestal of the War and h Navy Departments at the first •' of a series of exploratory tax 0 conferences earlier this week, t Morgenthau said they have a s two-fold interest in taxes. a xt_ a WEATHER NORTH CAROLINA: Continued warm oday. (Eastern Standard Time) (By U. S. Weather Bureau) Meteorological data for the 24 hours nding 7:30 p. m., yesterday Temperature 1:30 a. m., 76, 7:30 a. m., 76, 1:30 1 >. m., 81, 7:30 p m, 78. Maximum 86; ninimum 74; mean 80; normal 78. c Humidity n 1:30 a. m., 97, 7:30 a. m., 93, 1:30 ]. >. m., 84, 7:30 p m., - Precipitation v Total for the 24 hours ending 7:30 t] >. m., 0.68 inches. i. Total since the first of the month, v .00 inches. Tides For Today 3 (From the Tide Tables published by J. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey) f High Low i] Vilmington-7:17a 2:20a r 8:01p 2 :32p t flasonboro Inlet-4:57a 11:18a § 5:43p p n Moore’s Inlet-— 5:02a ll:23p p 5:48p _ —p c ^ew Topsail Inlet _—— 5:07a 11:28a Elmore’s) - 5:53p p q All itmes Eastern Standard) Sunrise 5:32 a. m.; sunset 7:01 p. m.; _ noonrise 5:22 p.j moonset 2:51 a. A WASHINGTON, Aug. 12.— — Tentative plans for merchant ship construction in 1944 call for no more tonnage, and perhaps slight ly less, than the 19,000,000 dead weight tons scheduled to be built this year, informed officials said today. The new, fast Victory ship, de signed by the Maritime Commis sion as successor to the slow-mov ing, mass built Liberty ships, will play a large part in the 1944 pro gram, it was said, but a “big pro portion” of Liberty vessels will continue to come off the ways. One government source, who re quested that his name be with held, predicted that the proposed Maritime Commission program FINAL EDITIONESTABLISHED 1867 Germans Now Fleeing From Island Of Sicily Yank Sub Nips Off A Nippo UNDER MUCH FIRE Allied Airmen Are Steadily Pounding Evacuation Craft In Straits FOE HAD GOOD CHANCE Nazis May Avert Another Cap Bon Disaster Due To Short Route ALLIED HEADQUAR TERS IN NORTH AFRICA, Aug. 12.—</P)—The bulk ol German troops in Sicily are now in flight across the Mes sina strait to the Italian main land under a merciless attack by Allied airmen braving a barrage from more than 50C anti-aircraft guns mounted on the escape beaches, front reports said tonight. Leaving desperate rear guards and road demolition squad behind to slow the American and British armies converging on Messina, the Germans have a good chance to avert another Tunisian dis aster because of the narrow ness of the strait. It is only two miles wide at one point. The ring wing of the Nazi line was ensnarled by the sec ond American pincer move ment initiated from the sea in three days, the left was slowly giving away under British pressure and the Ger mans’ central anchor at Ran dazzo had been brought under light artillery fire. Flight In Full Swing A dispatch from Noland Nor gaard, Assocated Press staff cor respondent who is attached to the Biitish Eighth Army, said the Ger man evacuation of the Messina bridgehead was in full swing, with at least 80 vessels ferrying men and equipment eastward across Messina strait night and day. Axis anti-aii craft guns were de clared massed in record strength in an effort to protect the vessels from Allied planes. The dispatch said the German high command, v/ishing to k'.ep down the loss of equipment during the movement, had decreed that “the passport to Italy is a gun.” Photographed through the periscope of a U. S. submarine, the Japanese freighter in the top photo (s seen as it plugged along, hugging the shore of a S outh Pacific island. A curt order from the sub's skipper. S-s-swfsh! goes a torpedo, racing toward the doomed ship. Then WHAM!—as seen in bottom Photo. Unele Sam tallied another score against the Japanese supply fleet. Japanese Positions In Kuriles Blasted Again By Big Bombers WASHINGTON, Aug. 12.—(/P)—Giant. Liberator bomb ers, striking out 1,000 miles along the northern road to Tokyo, blasted Japanese defense positions in the Kurile is lands for the second time, the Navy announced today, and shot down at least five of a group of 40 enemy fighter planes which tried to prevent their attack. Two of the niae Army bombers which made the suc cessful raid are missing, the Navy’s communique reported. From the large number of fighters sent up by the Jap anese it was evident that America’s growing offensive strength in the North Pacific is giving the Japanese high , • _V__ tuumicuiu ociiuuo w yjx i j auu uuo ing the diversion of some enemy aerial forces to that strategic area. This is one of the objectives of ;he over-all Pacific strategy which calls for hitting the enemy at sev eral widely separated points in or der rto disperse his military power. Reports from the Southwest Pa cific in ‘he China area have spoken with increasing frequency about the declining effectiveness of Jap anese cir operations in those areas. 4 A contributing factor to this de cline, it may be assumed, are the raids on the northern Kuriles, as well as the attacks which have been carried out against the enemy cutpost at Wake island in the Cen tral Pacific. The first raid of the war on the Kuriles, the northernmost of which l.-es about 1,200 miles northeast of Tokyo, was made July 19. The Navy fixed the time of the second one at 8:11 am., today, East Lon gitude Time, which would be 6:11 p.m., yesterday, Eastern War Time. “Numerous hits were scored in the designated target areas,” the communique said. “About 40 ene my fighters intercepted, of which five were shot down and others probably destroyed or damaged. (Continued on Page Eight; Col. 2) ITALY ANXIOUS OVER WAR TALK Country Seems To Be Hop ing For Softening Of Allied Conditions BERN, Switzerland, Aug. 12.—UPi Italians seemed to be looking anx iously toward Quebec tonight for some softening of the Roosevelt Cnurchill “unconditional surren der” stand which might swing the door open for Itaiy to step out of the war. Simultaneously, the Italian press suddenly altered its tone toward its Nazi ally—and from the Italian frontier came reports that German civilians still in Lombardy and ether provinces of northern Italy had been advised by their con sulates to prepare to leave. Sev eral hundred already have left Mi lan, Como and other cities. The Italian newspapers headlin ed their apparent nope that the Quebec conference would revise the two Allied leaders’ Casablanca ultimatum. Thus, the intricate (Continued on Page Eight; Col. 7> Tne retreat was aescriDea m a Berlin broadcast by Capt. Ludwig Sertorius, Nazi military commen tator, as a ‘systematic new dis engagement movement by German and Italian troops.” “What matters,” Ludwig said, “is to prevent the enemy from extending his operations to objec tives on the mainland.” Striving for the knockout, Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhower’s officers steadily threw in fresh units to teplace battle-weary troops at the front in the light against numer ically weaker German detach ments which could obtain no such 'espite. Tank-supported infantrymen of the U. S. Seventh Army, aided by American warships and warplanes landed from assault boats three or four miles behind the German lines on Cape Orlando just before dawn Wednesday. They beat off three Nazi counterattacks and es tablished a bridgehead just as they did earlier this week to outflank the San Agat.’-Cesaro defense line, it was disclosed today. Enemy transport, railways, roads and bridges were attacked by Allied aerial squadrons both in Sicily end southern Italy yester day and U. S. Flying Fortresses (Continued on Page Eight; Col. S) Tentative Plans For 1944 Shipbuilding Calls For No More Tonnage Than In ’43 would be presented to the com bined chiefs of staff within a week or two, for approval from the standpoint of over-all war strategy. Although the Maritime Commis sion already has let contracts for 411 of the Victory vessels, a quiet tug-of-war has been under way for months to determine how rapidly and in what total number they should be brought into production. The apparent result, it was said, will be a compromise between the Maritime Commission, which start ed out with plans for a rapid con version of yards to the new ves sels, and the War Production Board, which argued for a more gradual shift on grounds that an abrupt conversion would cause a A dangerously sharp drop in launch ings for a time, as well as the expenditure of rrfore materials and manpower per ship. Whether the newly modified pro gram means that some shipyards which now expect to make Vic tory ships will be disappointed, could not be ascertained. A Mari time Commission spokesman said he had “no comment” on the sit uation. The dispute has been watched with keen interest for the decision is weighted with significance for this nation’s influence on post-war world trade. The commission feels that fast ships are essential to keeping the United States in a commanding C'i position on the peacetime seas. The United States Merchant Ma rine already surpasses the British in size, but maritime chiefs feel that the country could still be out classed in world competition if the 11-knot Liberty ships were the backbone of the merchant fleet. The Liberty vessels, they feel, may prove to be seagoing white elephants when the war is over and the need for a vast number of bottoms, quickly and econom ically produced, is over. William Francis Gibbs, WPB’» controller of ship building and not ed ship designer, has argued that winning the war is the immediate (Continued on Page Eight; Col. 6) A
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