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Serv associated MESST1" I ♦ f ♦ w gffrf + ^ -d REMEMBER s tlmttutfmt iEnnttng sta FSfr \°L. 76—N°. 136_____WILMINGTON, N. C., THURSDAY, OCTOBER 7, 1943 _FINAL EDITION_ESTABLISHED 1867 Senate Passes Increased Pay Allotment Bill Measure Designed To Cushion Shock Of Fa ther Inductions POSTPONEMENT KILLED Congressmen Yield To Pleas Of Gen. Marshall On Draft Idea WASHINGTON, Oct. 6 — //p\_The Senate passed to night by an overwhelming vote a measure designed tc cushion the impact of the in duction of pre-Pearl Hai'boi fathers into the armed forc by approving unprecedent ed allowances for dependent children. Yielding to the pleas of General George C. Marshall the Army chief of staff, the Senate previously rejected by a vote of 48 to 26 any post ponement in the further in duction of parents. The vote on final passage of the bill was 69 to 0. Substitute Measure Revised L r;e measure finally approved ft ten! to the House was a re v;w . of a substitute for the orig in’! bill by Senator Wheeler (D. x ::: The Wheeler measure r aid have prohibited further fa Iinductions until January 1. The substitute, offered by Sen Bt Bailey (D.-N. C.l and Clark, (D.-Mo.L eliminated all but the enacting clause of WheeH’s bill, but the Montanan forced a vote on the father's draft issue by of fering an amendment to it. The final Wheeler move was for postponement of the induction of parents until after determination of the number of non-fathers that could be mace available for the armed forces under provisions de signed to curtail deferments of federal and industrial workers for occupational reasons. Opposing the amendment. Ma jority Leader Barkley <Kv.l con ic:',bed it would postpone drafting of fathers beyond the deadline of the original Wheeler bill although Wheeler argued that this was not the case. The Senate also rejected a pro posal by Senator Taft (R.-Ohio) to reasons to men under 30 except deny deferments for occupational : in usual cases, and to set up a | series of categories under which f fathers would be drafted by age 1 groups from a national pool. The approval of payments of S30 monthly to tne first child of a serv ice man and S20 monthly for each additional child was voted 78 to i with Senator Ball (R. - Minn.) voicing a lone dissent. The substitute, before the amend ;cents were attached, was intend ed primarily to facilitate the draft = of childless federal employes y tightening occupational defer ments. Elsewhere in the capital: r red M. Vinson, economic sta bdizuliOn director, appealed before me House Ways and Means com i uuitee tor the Administration’s 310.500.000.000 lax program, assert mg that it was a "minimum re quirement to maintain stability in 1I;C wartime economy.'’ Earlier, Republicans on the committee had demanded government economies ■'iicn they said could cut the re quirement for new taxes by 40 per cent. liar Food Administrator Marvin Jones urged the House Banking committee to extend the life of ine Commodity Credit Corporation and give it 8300,000,000 additional nun owing power to help finance all-lime record crop acreage , °o0‘000.000 and hold down prices 70 consumers. liie Kilgore W a r Mobilization subcommittee reported to the Sen continued on Page Five; Col. 4) weather f vnuTl. forecast tori, CAROLINA—Continued rather 'Eastern Standard Time) .. ''I F. S. Weather Bureau) tin, ?Pal data Ior the 2i hours ' s ,.„o p. m., yesterday. ■... Temperature p. *• »•. -; 7:30 a. m„ 52; 1:30 ; '''. 7:30 p. m„ 3. Maximum 75; ■hum 62; Mean 68; Normal 68. Humidity P.7,' W.nV,7—; 7:30 a- m- 1:30 ■ 7.30 p. m., 06. Precipitation p 1 „far .'hr 24 hours ending 7;3( v ‘E0O inches. 0. 00° inches'5* *he Iirst °* tlle mont'*1 Tides Eor Today - 10E Ma«mboro Wet . U7:^ Moore’s Inlet - V*£l ^42p ^moWllhlet.2i:2&. 7 :47a <A" Umes Eastern Standard')5' 8''4°P 1, cS 5i^_p- ™' •hWedn^^.^t^y,^ FDR Tells Congress That Filipinos Have Won Way To Liberty WASHINGTON, Oct. 6. —yp)_ President Roosevelt told Congress today that the Filipinos, by their heroism and loyalty, had won the right to “complete freedom and nationhood” and asked authority to proclaim the independence of the islands as soon as feasible. In a special message to the le gislators, the president also asked that Congress provide for econ omic rehabilitation of the Phiip ! pines once the Japanese are driv |en from them, and made these | two other requests: 1. That he be empowered to en ter into immediate negotiations with President Manuel Quezon of the Philippine Commonwelth to “provide for full security for the Philippines, for the mutual protec tion of the islands and of the United States, and for the future maintenance of peace in the Paci fic.” 2. That Congress provide for “determining the adjustment ne cessary in the existing provisions of law which govern economic re lations between the United States and the Philippines, so as to assist in making the Philippines, as an independent nation, economically secure wherever possible.” _Tr_ AP BREAKING LAW SAYS U. S. COURT Three Man Tribunal Rules Anti-Trust Statute Violated NEW YORK, Oct. 6—OF—A three-judge federal court held to day that by-laws of the Associated Press “in their present form" relative to admission of members are in violation of the anti-trust laws. The opinion, however, leaves “it open to them (the AP) to adopt substitutes which will restrict ad mission, provided that members in the same ‘field' as the appli cant (for admission) shall not have power to impose, or dispense with, any conditions upon his ad mission, and that the by-laws shall affirmatively declare that the effect on admission upon the abil ity of an applicant to compete with members in the same ‘field’ shall not be taken into considera tion in passing upon his applica tion.” Tire government in its suit sought to force the Associated Press to abandon its membership structure and make available its news report to all applicants with out restrictions. The governments complaint that the purchase by the Asso ciated Press of Wide World pho tos from the New York Times was in violation of the anti-trust laws, was dismissed. The court also held that if the by-laws are amended as directed in today's opinion, the provisions of exclu sivity in a contract with the Ca nadian Press then will not be in violation of the anti-trust act. A stay of 120 days was granted to the Associated Press by the court to give the cooperative news gathering organization time in which to make the directed chang es in the by-laws. The court concluded: “Finally, because the interests involved are so important and so large: because the injury done may be so great, if we turn out to be wrong: and because we are (Continued on Page Three; Col. 6) Naval Force Strikes Hard At Wake IsL American Task Unit Shells And Bombs Jap Garrison CARRIER IS INCLUDED Bombardment Opens At Dawn; No Other De tails Given PEARL HARBOR, T. H. Oct. 6—(A5)—Japanese in stallations and the garrisor at Wake island were heavily bombed and shelled yester day by strong task force of the Pacific fleet, said a com munique issued today by Ad miral Chester W. Nimitz. The force was commanded by Rear Admiral Alfred E Montgomery and included an aircraft carrier. The bom bardment by naval units be gan at dawn, said the an nouncement. No other details were given. “A strong Pacific fleet task force, commanded by Rear Admiral Alfred E. Mont gomery, U. S. N., heavily at tacked enemy held positions on Wake island with carrier aircraft and ship bombard ment commencing at dawn 5 October 1943, West Longitude Time. Further details are not now available,” the commu nique said. Follows Conference This new offensive stroke fol lowed by a day the disclosure from headquarters of Admiral Nimitz that a strategic Pacific conference had been held at Pearl Harbor fleet headquarters recently. It was attended by Admiral Ernest J. King, commander-in-chief of the U. S. fleet. Admiral William F. Halsey, commander of the South Pacific force, and Admiral Nimitz. Wake Island is approximately 2,000 miles w'est of the Hawaiian Islands. This assault on Wake, immor talized in the first weeks of the war by the heroic 16-day stand by a Marine garrison of 378 officers and men, was the second Navy task force attack on the island base since it fell to an overwhelming enemy force on December 23, 1941. The first attack was made Feb ruary 24, 1942, by a carrier force commanded by Admiral Halsey. Admiral Montgomery’s raid was the third punch delivered against the enemy’s Pacific perimeter out posts in six weeks. Marcus island was bombed and strafed by carrier planes August 30. A similar task force bombed and strafed the Gil bert islands and Nauru island, west of the Gilberts, on September 17 and 18. Supporting raids were made by landbased Army and Navy heavy bombers. The statement in the communique that the enemy forces on Wake were subjected to “ship bombard ment,” indicates that the third in the present series of Pacific raids probably was heavier and inflicted greater damage than the previous (Continued on Page Five; Col. 3) ' ' '■ ■" ^ —“l Walter Lippmann Says: Future Of Europeans Rests On Just Peace By WALTER LIPPMANN The question to which the Allies must find tte answe at Moscow is what kind of armistice do we intend to give the Germans when they surrender. The answer to this question is the key to the fu ture of Europe and of the grand alliance of the United Nations throughout the world. If we agree on a righteous and workable policy for Germany, we shall be able to face all the other questions of the settlement with confidence. If we disagree on Germany, we shall be come hopelessly divided every where. In regard to the German armi stice the critical point is, I sub mit, whether, and if yes, then for how long a time and in what way, the Allies mean to occupy and govern Germany with their armies. Disarmament, the punishment of war criminals, the liquidation oi the Nazi party and of the military caste and of German economic im perialism, reparations — will have to be enforced. The question is whether it is desirable and neces sary to enforce our terms by occu pying and governing Germany for a considerable period of time. In ! other words, must we and should iwe govern Germany in order to control Germany during the pro bationary period? In the western countries it has generally been assumed that we must occupy and govern. We do not know with certainty the Rus sian view. But there are several indications — their sponsoring the free German committee and t*eir (Continued on Page 12; Column 3) Loc Group M & 4 nue Work & £'t4 ing New Rule $ S? recent curtailment of aircraft Warning service ^ Coast Guard auxiliary, .ijor civilian volunteer war \ 3 i here, officials of the Of fice it Civilian defense are won dering what the future status of the vast local OCD organization will be. No instructions have been#re ceived from either state or na tional headquarters, they said Wednesday, and until such in structions arrive, OCD functions will continue as before. It was pointed out by a local civilian defense official that the OCD's functions are essentially in a different category from those of the Coast Guard organization and the Aircraft Warning service, both ’spotters and filter center work ers. Although the AWC, from which comes the command to activate the civilian defense organization in the event of a simulated or real emergency, has curtailed its volunteer workers and has been placed on instant alert basis, the AWS still guards the East Coast and is still likely to flash warn ings to the control room—neces sitating a full staff in the control room, as well as in the other ele ments of OCD. SHIP FACILITIES EXCEEDS QUOTA Senatorial Group Reports Tonnage Wei! Above Expectations WASHINGTON. Oct. 6.— UP — United States war shipping facili ties are 3.000.000 tons above 1943 expectations, the Kilgore subcom mitte of the Senate disclosed to day in an optimistic report assert ing that "our shipping windfall can deliver the decisive blow in Eu rope this year." Mixing praise of shipbuilding achievements with criticism of what it reported as failure in some cases lo utilize all available cargo space for war purposes, the sub committee in an interim report urged that all shipping operations be placed under the control of the War Shipping Administration. At present, the report explained, less than half of the 16,000.000 tons of dry-cargo shipping tonnage is administered by the War Shipping Administration, with the remainder under control of the Army, Navy and several other agencies. It add ed that in some instances ships have sailed from U. S. ports ,with 50 per cent of their cargo space empty. The record breaking ship output combined with a sharp cut in sub marine sinkings is responsible for placing at our command now 3, 000,000 more tons of shipping than "entered into our military plan ning for 1943,” the report said. “Vnnr pnmmittpp ic nf 1ViP finin ion that, if these 3,000,000 tons are fully mobilized for military use rather than dissipated on peace time commerce, and second, if plans are executed to pack every ship to the last pound and the last cubic foot, our shipping wind fall can deliver the decisive blow in Europe this year.” it continued. In the report submitted to the Senate Military Affairs committee after a study of the nation's mo bilization of its shipping resources, the subcommittee headed by Sen ator Kilgore (D.-W. Va.) also struck at demands that more ship ping be allocated to supplying the Pacific war theaters. “To divert ships from the Euro pean theater now would choke off our greatest offensive in mid stream,” it declared. “Today, with our military shipping divided al most evenly between the Pacific and Atlantic, we can conduct only limited operations against the Jap anese while mounting a major of fensive in Europe.” It also would be “suicidal,” the subcommittee asserted, to divert any shipping facilities to civilian trade although demands have been growing for moving of such items as gold mine machinery and lux ury goods for the South American and South African trade. The report said “ships allocated (Continued on Page Three; Col. 1) Soviet Drive Seems Halted Near Dnieper Reds May Be Preparing Communications For Winter Push SHORT WAR REPORT Day’s Communique Con fined To Slight Change On Front MOSCOW, Oct. 6—(/P)— The Soviet summer offen sive, which for almost three months rolled the Germans steadily back across Russia appears to have come to a definite halt at the Dnieper river to prepare communica tions and bases for a gigantic winter push. (The shortest Soviet com munique since the beginning of the offensive July 12, took only 36 words to annouixce tnere w ere no seriuus changes at the front” and to add that 16 German tanks were wrecked and 59 German planes brought down in the day’s fighting. (This apparently was offi cial notification that the drive which had hurled the Ger mans out of Kharkov, Smo lensk, Bryansk, Stalino and thousands of cities, towns and hamlets had stopped. Is Natural Halting Place (Having recaptured the Donets basin, a major portion of the Ukraine and a part of White Rus sia, the Soviet army now was standing for 450 miles along the Dnieper river from Orsha south of Zaporozhe—a natural halting place, as rain mired the dirt roads along which the Army must move. (The communique was broad cast by Moscow radio and record ed by the Soviet monitor. (German broadcasts were more cautious. Capt. Ludwig Sertorius. Nazi military commentator, said “it may still be too early to speak of definite termination of the great Soviet offensive. It can nevertheless be stated that the enemy's offensive energies are showing considerable signs of ex haustion.” (Another German broadcast contended “the real reason for the standstill of the Russian of fensive, according to German military quarters, was to be sought in the fact that the short Idling Ul UlC ucnuau uum uau now for the greater part been ac complished.” (The Berlin broadcasts were re corded by the Associated Press). The Red Army is still attacking in White Russia but the weather is steadily worsening, and to the south along the river the major task of consolidating positions is under way. Red Army lines now are longer than at any time since it began counter-attacking the Germans. Commanders have learned much in this war and the Russians are not ones to extend lines too far, especially with winter nearing. When the Red Army lost Khar kov early in 1943 after retaking it from the Germans it was be cause the lines were too far ex tended in bad weather. It needed only one such lesson. Consolidation means a great amount of repair. There are hun dreds of miles of railways to get into shape. Although army en gineers do this in surprisingly fast time it is no one-week job. Hun dreds of bridges were destroyed by the Germans. Dirt roads, now mud, must be repaired^ In every town and village wa ter supply systems, electric light plants, telephone networks and buildings wrecked by the retreat ing Germans must be put back into shape. (Continued on Page Five; Col. 2) Yugoslav Patriots Waging Desperate War Against Greatly Superior German Forces (The following presents the first eyewitness account of conditions today in fighting Yugoslavia by the first American correspondent to return to that country since the German invasion two and a half years ago. The correspond ent Daniel de Luce, risked attack and capture by German and Croat patrols to obtain this information). BY DANIEL DE LUCE A PARTISAN BRIGADE HEAD QUARTERS IN YUGOSLAVIA, Oct 2. -(Delayed) Fiery young Yugoslav patriots with homemade red stars sewn on their caps are waging today a desper ate campaign of liberation from the rocky Adriatic coast to the green banks of the Danube against a crushingly superior concentra tion of German armored forces. Since the collapse of Italy, the Yugoslav Partisan army has grown by tends of thousands. By sheer daring, Partisan com manders have won notable tem porary victories and have with stood heavy reverses. As the Germans well know, the Partisans are fighting today with out a single tank or plane. Rifle and machine-gun companies are led by veterans who for 29 months have excelled in what they call “war in the woods.” The commander in chief of the far flung Partisan army is a re vered figure, Josip Broz, who is known as Drug Tito. (Pronounced Droog Teeto. Drug in Serbo-Croat means “comrade.” Tito is an un common name among the south ern Slavas, although frequently en countered in Italy.) Reputed to be a veteran of the Republican army in the Spanish Civil war, Drug Tito has welded his guerrillas into a tightly dis ciplined and hotly idealistic force that visibly shows more enthusi astic determination than any out fit I've seen since I met Maj. Gen. Vasile Novikov’s Caucasus army during the British-Russian occupation of Iran. His followers are divided into two groups. One is the Narodna Oslobodilacka Voiska — National Liberation Army. The other is the Partizanski Odredi Jugoslavije— Yugoslav Partisan Detachments. (Continued on Page Five; Col. 1) » ALLIED ARMY LEAPS TWO VITAL STREAMS IN DRIVE ON ROME ■ ■■■-—-— X -■ Reconnaissance Shows Nauru’s Value Pacific Ocean * MARSHALL ISLANDS ! > Ltruk JL. PONAPE I / • ^ 40 (!J CAROLINE >» ISLANDS i GILBERT ^‘ISLANDS tr v SOLOMON % > w ISLANDS ELLICE 'l\ V ^ ISLANDSs®^ •* GUADALCANAL^* •. “ - «* SANTA • i*. CRUZ « i\ V . NEW \^HEBRIDES i ■ U FIJI i ISLANDS new' CALEDONIA dO 500 _i$TATUT|_M|ltS_ Tiny, Japanese-held Nauru (circled), a “pin point” in the vast expanses of the Southwest Pacific, has drawn attention of American reconnaissance planes in recent days, suggesting that trouble may he brewing there for the Nipponese. Its location—between Allied held Solomons and Japanese-held Marshall and Gilberts and their huge base at Truk (pointers)—makes it an ideal observation post. (AP Wireplioto) COO DEFENDERS HOI NG TIGHT Turkish Reports Say Dode canese Vast Aerial Battleground CAIRO. Oct. 6. — m — British and Italin defenders of the island of Coo in the Dodecanese held out against the German invaders to day, an Allied communique said, despite the Nazi claim to have oc-1 cupied all military instalations and to have forced the British into the, hills. (Dispatches from Ankara said not only that the entire Dodecanses group and neighboring Aegean is lands had become a vast aerial battlefield but that Turkish resi dents on the coast opposite the Dodecanese declared the British1 had occupied the entire group ex- j cept for Coo and the largest is lands, Rhodes. (Ankara said these coastal resi dents arrived in Istanbul today af ter leavng their homes September 29 when the Germans were seen bombing every on of the 12 islands, except Rhodes, and meeting heavy anti-aircraft fire from the ground. They added that the British were evidently preparing an assault on the Germans, strongly entrenched on Rhodes.) RAF Hudsons and Beaufighters from the Middle East command (Continued on Page Five; Col. 4> | r 1 ■1 ■ ■■ .... BOLOGNA’S RAIL SYSTEM WRECKED Flying Fortresses Accur ately Bomb Important Junction ALLIED HEADQUARTERS, ALGIERS, Oct. 6.—UP)—Aiming hundreds of heavy bombs so ac curately that “hardly one of them fell outside the target area,’’ Fly ing Fortresses yesterday wrecked the rail yards at Bologna, hub in northern Italy for traffic to the Brenner Pass, Rome and other cities. The big bombers struck in four waves, and headquarters in an nouncing the attack today said it was “one of the most accurate and successful” ever dealt by Northwest African air power. Bologna is about 180 miles south of Brenner Pass on the main line, a crutch the Germans depend upon heavily for rein forcing and supplying their ar mies in Italy. “Great accuracy was shown by the bombers.” headquarters an nounced, “and although hundreds of large bombs were dropped, hardly one of them fell outside the target area. “The railway yards had been hit several times before, but the destruction in previous raids could not compare with this one.” The assault followed a Fortress (Continued on Page Three; Col. 4> VOLTURNO CROSSED Fifth Fords River At One Point; British Pass Over Biferno FIGHTING SAID HEAVY ---- I Germans Bitterly Contest ing Every Inch Of Ground Taken ALLIED HEADQUAR TERS. ALGIERS, Oct. 6—• ' (/p) _ The Allied Fifth and Eighth Armies have crossed two rivers on which the fiercely resisting Germans are making a stand to im pede the British-American drive up the Italian peninsula —the Volturno, flowing into the Tyrrhenian sea 20 miles from Naples, and the Biferno, which runs into the Adriatic The Fifth Army, bringing up reserves to smash at in creased enemy opposition along the route to Rome crossed the Volturno at one point after occupying Aversa and Maddaloni. north and northeast of Naples, and reaching Lago di Patria, a marshy lake 12 miles north west of the port, headquar ters announced today. > The exact spot where the i Volturno was crossed was ^ot disclosed. The nearest point on the river to the latest re ported Allied advance is sev en miles north of Maddaloni. This is in the mountains, and ; from there the river winds i some 15 miles before reach ' ing the coastal plain, where it widens and forms a good natural barrier. T>rmoli In North Tn the British Eighth Army’s area along the Adriatic coast, Ter moli, which had been in Allied hands since it was stormed by a landing party Sunday night, is it self on the northern side of the Biferno's mouth, but farther in land the Germans had established themselves along the river. The British have forced cross ings at several places in that re gion and heavy fighting is in prog ress with both sides employing tanks and artillery. (The Cairo radio declared that | all German defensive positions along the Volturno had been ren dered useless and that “the bulk of the German force is retreating ( well beyond the river and only a | screen for rearguard cover has been left behind.) Striking far to the north ahead of Allied ground forces, four waves of Flying Fortresses made a dev astating attack on the strategic rail center of Bologna, on the Brenner pass line 180 miles below the German border. An Allied spokesman termed it ‘‘one of the most accurate and successful at tacks” ever made by the North west African Air Force. Bombs ripped into freight yard*, locomotive sheds, workshops, warehouses and oil tanks, setting great fires. Fortress gunners shot UUVVJI UUL KJL l'' ClJtllljr i fighters that opposed the attack. Aversa. captured in the steady Allied thrust northward from the Mediterranean, is an important rail junction eight miles north of Naples. Maddaloni is 14 miles northeast of Naples. The two towns are each about 10 miles from Ca pua, where rail and nighway bridg es cross the Volturno. Capua orig inal!'/ was the southern terminus of the famous Appia .1 Way to Rome. The occupation of all territory up the coast northwest of Naples to Lago di Patna, which is about eight miles from the mouth of the Volturno, straightened out the Al lied line in this section to one run ning almost due west from Aversa. Among the smaller towns to fall before the Allied advance were Pozzuolo. Qualiano, Villaricca, Ar zano and Marano. An Allied communique said "the Fifth Army has continued to make progress against stiffening opposi tion, with an increase in demoli tions, craters and mines on the route along which they are ad vancing. "The bringing forward of re serves and repair of bridges it proceeding rapidly. "The E'ighth Army is in contact with enemy forces west of Termoll and on the general Jine of the (Continued on Page Three; Col. it h Kirke Simpson Says: Allied Drive In Italy Gains Vital New Area BY KIRKE 1.. SIMPSON The Allied swinging-gate attack in Italy gained another important stride toward Rome when the Fifth Army crossed the Volturno, north of Naples. There is no obviously strong natural defense position be low the Rome-Chieti highway for a new Nazi delaying stand, and Eighth Army pressure up the Adri atic coast is already threatening the Chieti anchor of that line. The Allied crossing of the Vol turno means deployment into the plains of the Volturno along the coast and access to the two main highways to Rome fiom Naples. They fork just beyond the main Volturno road crossing at Capua. The west branch, the ancient Via Appia of classical times moderniz ed for modern motor traffic, runs up the coastal flank of Mount Lepi ni through the once dreaded Pon tine marshes. The east fork pass es inshore of the Leipini hump up the valley of the Sacco. These two roads and the Chieti trans-penin sular toward which the Eighth Army is surging, are the main road connections south and east from Rome and necessarily must largely groove the Allied attack. It seems obvious that it was the fast-paced Eighth Army leap-frog advance on the Adriatic flank of the Allied line that forced Nazi retreat from the Volturno as the seizure of Foggia had previously forced enemy evacuation of Na ples. That is the genius of the Allied battle plan in Italy as it * has yet unfolded. With the Fifth Army at the hinge, the Eighth Coutinued on Page 12; Column 2) i
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