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fss tlmingtnn JHnnmuj &tar , \0Lj6--NO. 246--- WILMINGTON, pTC., MONDAY, NOVEMBER 1, 1943 FINAL EDITION ESTABLISHED 186? _- ““—————————.— ““ — ” “ " * " — — ~ “ I German “Colonists” Quit Russia_| Here’s proof that Hitler’s "colonies” are disappearing, one by one. This photo obtained through neutral sources shows German colonists being forced to abandon briefly held farms in Russia by the nUSh of the Red Army. They are being evacuated in boxcars “to colonies nearer the homeland,” ac erding to the German caption. Photo radioed from Stockholm. Coal Row Rushes Toward Crisis; House Cautioned On Tax Refunds More Than 115,000 Strik ing Miners Now Away From Pits WASHINGTON, Oct. 31.—UP>— Die turbulent coal controversy rushed toward a crisis today with policy-forming' leaders of more than 115.000 striking miners ex pected to make their decision within 24 hours. The number of idle threatened a major shutdown in the war-vital industry but capital speculation was that the United Mine Workers policy committee, meeting here tomorrow, would decide against any flat defiance of the govern ment's back to work order-. Any other choice would bring the "decisive action” which Pres ident kuosevelt promised in an ultimatum Friday night. Such a step might include government seizure of the mines again and ...o Invoking of penalties against both the union and individuals. There is the possibility that even should the UMW committee comply with the government’s command some local cases of de fiance from striking miners might arise. Meantime, the deadline for a ‘'truce" over the wage war be tween miners and operators ex pires at midnight. The time limit was set iast June by UMW presi dent Join L. Lewis in ordering his men back to work without a con tract after the last coal stoppage. The picture has changed con siderably since then, however, j and the policy committee tomor-; row is expected to act on two de cisions of the War Labor Board, one rejecting the proposed “mod el" Illinois contract for the soft coal industry, and the other de nying hard coal miners' demands for a $2-a-day wage increase. In the hard coal case, the board awarded a 32.2 cents a day in crease and other concessions amounting to 20 to 25 cents a day. The Illinois agreement, worked out by the union and Illinois op erators, would have put all soft coal miners on an 8 1-2 hour day based on the time when they en tered the mines until they left. The proposed basic wage was S8.50 a day with overtime for more than 40 hours a week. ''■LB said it would approve $8.12 1-2 for an 8 1-2 hour portal-to portal day. The present scale is S. for a 7 hour day with no al lowance for underground travel tune as such. Lie president said he believed :r o°ai'd s offer would be ac cepted. But he added that “if I stn mistaken and the miners do T° i nCC6pt ttle board’s proposals, siaJ take decisive action to see that coal is mined.” Following Mr. Roosevelt’s sug - ton, die board announced that (Continued on Page Two; Col. 8) r—— — Max Reinhardt, Noted Producer, Succumbs At Hotel Apartment NEW YORK, Oct. 31.—UP)— Max Reinhardt, noted theatri cal producer, died early today at his hotel apartment here. He was 70 years old. Reinhard suffered a stroke three weeks ago while he was engaged in producing “La Belle Helene.” Pneumonia developed about 72 hours before his death. With the producer were his wife, the Austrian actress, Helene Thimig, who flew from California a week ago, and two sons, Gottfried, former Metro Goldwyn Mayer producer, now a Signal Corps sergeant, and Wolfgang, a Warner Brothers producer, who also flew here from Hollywood. Reinhardt, among whose re cent stage successes was the operetta “Rosalinda,” observ ed his 70th birthday last Sep tember 9. HALIFAX GIVES VIEWS ON WAR Briton Says Stage At Hand Where ‘Anything May Happen’ WASHINGTON. Oct, 31.—'.Ti — Lord Halifax, the British ambas sador. suggesting the possibility of a German collapse, said today that the war in Europe has reach ed the point “where anything may happen.” Just back from London confer ences with the British government the diplomat balanced this possi bility with a caution that the Ger mans are tough and have been well • organized and may be able to prolong the war indefinitely. But the tone of an hour-long press conference he held in a high-ceiling room at the embassy here was openly and strongly op timistic about the prospects for a breakdown of enemy resistance in Europe. Halifax sketched a picture of a Germany beset on all sides by en emies, with growing unrest in conquered countries and with a homefront badly battered by An glo-American bombings. In the circumstances, he said, Germany has two choices: she can either scrape up more man power to police the troubled sub jugated areas or she can pull back her armies and release in that way more men to do the constant (Continued on Page Three; Col. 3) Public Indignation May Reach N e w Peak Against Move WASHINGTON. Oct. 31.—OP) — The House Ways and Means com mittee, winding up work on new tax legislation, was cautioned to day that public indignation over tax refunds to corporations might “dwarf even the experience of the last war.” The warning was contained in a letter Guy T. Helvering wrote Treasury Secretary Morgenthau as one of his last official acts as internal revenue commissioner be fore becoming a federal judge. Copies were distributed the com mittee. Helvering cited unofficial re ports that the refunds might run from $15,000,000,000 to $30,000,000, 000 and said “it may not be un reasonable to think” that such re bates of previously collected tax es “will present a grave problem of national financing.” While suggesting no irregulari ties on the part of corporations, Helvering said sound administra tion appears to demand an over all study of the probable effect upon future tax revenues of the provisions now in tax statutes for corporation relief, post-war re funds, excess profit credits and possible adjustment of amortiza tion benefits. “Unless the public mind is thoroughly prepared for the amounts of corporate refunds that will have to be made.” the mem orandum dated October 9 said, “the payment of such refunds may develop a critical press and provide for political discussion of tax administration that will dwarf even the experience that followed the adjustment of the tax accounts of corporations af ter the last war” when complaints of undue enrichment were voiced. Helvering suggested the matter be called to the attention of the president. Other tax developments: 1. The Ways and Means commit tee hastened to complete tax chores this week, sending to the House floor a bill with $1,800,000, 000 to $2,000,000,000 in new reve nue __ 80 per cent short of the Ad ministration’s recommended $10, 500,000,000. 2. Chairman George fD-Ga) of the Senate Finance committee commended the House group for cutting back the tax bill and called for cuts in government spending to save $5,000,000,000 to $10,000,000,000 annually. 3. Revival of reports that the split between the Administration and Congress on tax matters had widened to a point where Ran dolph Paul, Treasury general counsel, plans to resign soon. (Continued on Page 3; Column 2) ----1 Walter Lippman Says: Princeton Press Publishes Book Giving Serious Study To The War Tr‘‘. ew da-vs ago the Princeton -o-’ersity Press published a book . u Yakers °f Modern Strate ?‘B 'Aai<-h is destined to exert a i’ep and long influence. The book r- a symposium, almost an ency opedia, of military thought dur rhi, ,vPast 400 years—from Ma e ‘ and Vauban to Mahan, ^agmot, Churchill and Mitchell. scholar,16 ?rod>lct of s group °f lor v® Wh0 ,have been working ji~ ‘nd,rs under the direction of Inst i i, /d Mead Earle at the Princeton f°r Advanced study l'Y'dri.Y’01'' does n°l propound a ,n military doctrine—like Mahan’s doctrine of sea power or Mitchell’s doctrine of air power. The purpose of the book is to lay a broad foundation for the con tinuing study of military affairs among scholars and by public men. It is a study which has been very much neglected in our uni versities, and there will be some perhaps many, to say that as a matter of moral principle, since war is evil, the study of the mili tary art ought to continue to be ignored. But they are mistaken, War will never be abolished by people who are ignorant of W'ar. The fact that the democratic peo pies have preferred not to under stand war because they hated war so much has meant only that they were unaware of coming events and therefore unable to prevent war; that they were unprepared for war when it came, that they were compelled after the outbreak of war to improvise and to learn by defeat what they might have anticipated; and that they were uninstructed as to how to conclude their wars when the wars were won. War cannot be waged well or abolished successfully by free (Continued on Page Five; Col. 1) I ' ALLIED ARMIES INCHING FORWARD ALONG ENTIRE ITALIAN WARFRONT; REDS THREA TEN CRIMEAN GA TEW A Y _ * 200 VILLAGES FALL Hard Riding Fourth Ukraine Army Cap tures Chaplinka NEAR VITAL RAILWAY Germans Expected To Make Hard Fight Along The Track LONDON, Monday, Nov. 1. _(JP)—The Red army smash ed to within eight miles of the Germans’ last escape railway from the Crimea yesterday, virtually sealing the fate today of tens of thousands of Germans trap ped in the Crimea. Sweeping up 200 more vil lages and reconquering near ly all the Nogaisk steppe, a Moscow bulletin announced, Gen. Feodor Tolbukhin’s hard riding fourth Ukraine army captured Chaplinka, flanking the Perekop door to the Cri mea 15 miles to the south east, and reaching a point only eight miles from the railway itself, which leads to Kherson on the lower Dnie per river. Line Rendered Useless The Germans were expected to make a hard fight along the 60 mile track between Perekop and Kherson, but the line already has been rendered almost useless by the onrushing Soviet troops who are within easy artillery range of it, and who are moving over flat lands where no natural defenses exist. On the opposite side of the big Black Sea peninsula other floun dering German forces were declar ed cut to pieces by General Tol bukhin's tank crews and Cossack cavalry which hurled them into a death corridor at the northeastern door to the Crimea. The Russians took Novo-Alexe yevka, 10 miles west of Genichesk, which fell Saturday, and held the village at the top of the corridor, (Continued on Page Five; Col. 5) -V NEW SCHOOLS SET FOR HACOW AREA Regional FWA Director Announces Award Of Bids For Units RICHMOND, Va.. Oct. 31—W— Presidential approval of a Federal allotment of $123,600 for construc tion and equipment of two ele mentary school buildings at Maf fitt Village, a Federal housing de velopment at Wilmington. N. C., was announced here today by Ken neth Markwell, Federal Works Administration regional director. Both schools, one for white pu pils and the other for Negroes, will be one-story structures, with foundations and floors of concrete construction, Markwell said. The school for white pupils will be erected on the east side of Avery street, south of Raleigh street, and will have eight class rooms, an office, a multi-purpose room, a library, a storage room and toilets. The school for Negro pupils will be located near the intersectfSn of Worth drive and Mitchell street and will have six class rooms, an (Continued on Page Five; Col. 6> WEATHER FORECAST: NORTH CAROLINA: Continued mild today with scattered showers. (Eastern Standard Time) (By U. S. Weather Bureau) Meteorological data for the 24 hours ending 7:30 p. m., yesterday. Temperature 1.-30 a m., 60, 7:30 a. m., 54, 1:30 p. m., 74, 7:30 p. m., 6fi. Maximum 76, Minimum 54, Mean 65, Normal 60. Humidity 1:30 a. m., 84, 7:30 a. m., 92, 1:30 p. m., 45, 7:30 p. m.f 73. Precipitation Total for the 24 hours ending 7:3C p. m., 0.00 inches. Total since the first of the month, 0.01 inches Tides For Today (From the Tide Tables published by U S. Coast and Geodetic Survey.) High Low Wilmington _ 6:36s 12 :llp 7 :30p Masonboro Inlet _ 9:47a 3:25a 9:57p 4:14p Sunrise, 6:32 a. m., Sunset. 5:20 p. m. Moonrise. 9:57 a.,Moonset. 8:27 p Cape Fear River stage at Fayetteville on Sunday, at 8 a. m., 9.35 feet. GAINS ARE NOTED fards To A Few Miles Are Scooped Up By Ad vancing Units MR ACTIVITY RISES [J. S. Warships Shell Ger man Communications In Gulf Of Gaeta ALLIED HEADQUAR rERS, Algiers, Oct. 31.— rhe Allied Fifth and Eighth armies edged forward along the whole 90-mile length of the Italian front, gaining :rom yards to a few miles, and speared to within 11 niles of Venafro and Isernia, central buttresses o' the Na si mountain line, it was an nounced today. Air and sea arms sprang ,o new activity, with Allied neavy bombers smashing ali nndustries on the Italian Ri Tiera and at Genoa, and U. S. varships steaming into the Gulf of Gaeta in daylight to shell German communications igain.‘ Nazi motor torpedo noats, attempting to attack n the Bay of Naples and at Bastia in Corsica, were driv ;n off. Some 20 more towns were mveloped by Allied infan ;rymen forging ahead in neavy rain and over the most lifficult terrain. *—r inil Ffth Army troops occupied Ail no, northwest of Ravischanina, nd only 11 miles southeast of Ve afro as menacing threats were eveloped against that important ighway junction and equally stra egic Isernia. Eighth Army units driving north zest up the route from Boiano to sernia seized San Massino and an Elena, 11 miles southeast and 2 miles east respectively of Iser ia. San Massino and San Elena, erched on hills 1,000 feet high, re on opposite^ sides of the Boiano sernia highway which the Ger mans are guarding with heavy urces to prevent a wedge front plitting their front. Isernia was threatened not only rom the southeast by the British, ut by the Fifth Army units tak ig Ailano, some 14 miles south f Isernia. Firm control of the lilano area gave the Allies an xcellent view over that part of he upper Volturno river valley re naming in German hands. Lt. Gen. Mark W. Clark’s forces ear the west coast captured No elleto. about 10 miles inland, in two-mile gain, winning an obser ation point over enemy activities n redoubtable Massico ridge. To the East, the Fifth Army leaned the Nazis out of Roccavi ara, 15 miles inland from the idriatic and only a mile below the 'rigno river. But in the flat shelf of the San alvo area near the Adriatic the lermans lashed out with a savage ounterattack which compelled he British to yield ground. The tritish bridgehead over the Trig o there was reported still secure, rwever. The forward push netted other nvns and villages of lesser stra igic importance. Running from ie west coast inland, these in iuded Pertecale, Torre del Acqua, Continued on Page Three; Col. 1) ---—*. I London Is Elated Over Successful 3-Power Parley LONDON, Oct. 31.—(/P)—Ela tion over the success of the three-power conference now being concluded in Moscow mounted in London today while from Germany came a stream of propaganda pre dicting an Allied agreement “to permanently Bolshevize” Europe and an immediate and multiple invasion of the con tinent. The Kremlin conferees ap parently have reached full agremment on the bulk of the agenda and a communique was expected soon — pos sibly within the next 24 hours —on the historic decisions be lieved to have been taken to weld Allied unity on both war and post-war issues. President Roosevelt’s state ment that the conference had achieved tremendous success was still the most authoritative comment yet on the Moscow proceedings, but the feeling spread here that the world will learn the results through action unfolding on the battlefields. 8TH AIR FORCE MAYJQUAL RAF Large Reinforcements Sent From America To British Isles LONDON, Oct. 31.—UP!—Ameri ca’s already-mighty Britain-based aerial armada is being heavily strengthened and the Eighth Air Force may soon approximate Brit ain’s own RAF in size. Until now, the Eighth Air Force has been doing only strategic bombing—blackening targets vital to the enemy’s overall ability to resist—but when the moment for the grand invasion arrives the Americans will have a force here capable of giving direct tactical support to the land army. This reorganization and reinforc ing has been under way for some time with the view of moulding the Eighth Air Force along the lines of the Allied air forces now operating in Italy which spear headed the invasions of Sicily apd the mainland. (CBS Correspondent Paul Man ning reported from London that “a great number of Liberator bomb ers have been flown to England” to fonn a new attack unit distinct ly separate from the Flying For tresses. (“We will soon be hearing of the separate exploits of our two bomber groups,” he said.) German apprehension over the forthcoming Allied blow from the west has been increasingly evident in the Berlin radio’s comments on what it has termed large concen trations of Allied shipping and troop transports in British Channel ports and in its claims that formations of troops including parachute troops are being massed in south and southeastern Britain. A recent flareup of skirmishes between British and Nazi coastal forces in the channel has been stressed by the Germans. Perhaps contributing to the Nazis’ uneasiness has been the in tensive RAF campaign against the great docks of Cherbourg, France, which in peace time berthed the world’s largest liners and are be ing systematically smashed. They have been hit seven times during (Continued on Page Three; Col. 8) Community War Chest Facts More than 5,000,000 men and women of our fighting forces look to the USO every month for off-duty recreation, com ments,. and spiritual welfare. Nearly 1,000 professional en tertainers give nightly perform ances under the auspices of the USO Camp Shows, Inc., for our servicemen at home and abroad to keep them laughing. The USO is just one of 27 agencies in the Community War Chest of Wilmington and New Hanover county. Double Trouble Talk l * Prince Kyrill of Bulgaria (left) shakes hands with Joachim Rib- ; bentrop as Adolph Hitler looks on with a slight smile at Hitler’s J headquarters. Smile probably wore off quickly when they started ’ discussing troublesome Balkans situation. The photo was taken Oc tober 18 and flashed to America from Stockholm. -—---| Albanian Guerrillas Hurl ; Nazi In vaders From Deba r LONDON, Oct. 31.—(/P)—United by a common enemy, i Albanian guerrillas fighting alongside the Yugoslav Parti- ( sans of Gen. Josip (Drug Tito) Broz have thrown the Ger- . man invaders from the Yugoslav town of Debar, on the Drin river near the Albanian border, a National Army of ( Liberation communique declared today. Albania’s resurgent mountain fighters were reported previously to have been offering fierce resistance to Nazi ; forces within their own border, but Tito’s announcement to- ; day was the first indication i of coordination in the guer- c rilla offensives. i The victory was .tempered, how- * er, by Tito’s acknowledgement that the town of Kicevo, 23 miles ] east of Debar, had been wrested 5 from guerrilla control. Tito’s 1 communique charged that Chet- r nik forces of Yugoslav War Minis- 1 ter Draja Mihailovic had assisted ‘ the German column in defeating ] his Partisans, a charge he has 1 made numerous times before. Kicevo lies astride the rail line £ extending southeast from Skoplje in. the Vardar valley to Greece, * and is in territory Hitler assigned ? to Bulgaria in the break-up of 1 Yugoslavia. c Elsewhere. Tito said his red- ‘ starred followers have cut the rail * line linking Belgrade w'ith Poz-i* arevac in Serbia, were conduct- 1 ling offensive operations in the north on the Serbian-Bosnian bor- 1 der. were attacking Nazi positions ' on the Sava river in eastern Bos- ‘ nia and were continuing a despe- ' rate battle against the surround- C ed German garrison at Prijedoc 70 miles southeast of Fagreb. A description of guerrilla sue- ] cesses along the coast brought \ back to Cairo, by a British AA of ficer recently returned from the c Yugoslav fighting zone said Ger- ( man garrisons in the large sea- c port towns were beleagured on t all sides — by land and sea.” j Writing in the Army Middle East! r weekly, ‘'Parade,” Lt. Lambtonjh Burn of the Royal Navy said that although Nazi forces hold the lar-jt ger towns along the Dalmation ■ t coast, their garrisons are cut off t and are forced to rely on planes ; c (Continu edon Page Two; Col. 6)! ( CHINESE BOMBARD JAPS AT SALWEEN Heavy Casualties Inflicted By Shelling From The Mountains CHUNKGING, Oct. 31. — W — Chinese artillery, nestled in the Kaolikung mountains on the Sal ween river front, has opened up cn Japanese invaders seeking 1o control a big area west of the Salween river in the Burma-Yun nan border area and has inflicted heavy casualties, the Chinese high' command announced in a com munique today. American Liberators again went to the support of the embattled Chinese by blasting away at tar gets in Indo-China whence the Japanese are supplying their ar mies in Burma. A communique on this air action from Lt. Gen. Joseph W. Stilwell’s headquarters said the Liberators flung 40 tons of bombs on a large zinc smelting plant at Quangyen, near Haiphong. Indo-China on Fri oay while medium bombers demo lished an airdrome and adminis tration building at Foi't Bayard in the former French-leased territorj of Kwangchowan. American fighters struck at a 200-foot river steamer in the Yangtze near Kiukiang and stag ed a low-level attack against ware houses and hangars. Not a plane was lost in the Am erican operations. (Continued on Page 3; Column 2) Air War Prospects: Knockout Stage In Allied Bombing Of Germany Is Still Far In Future WASHINGTON.. Oct. 31. —{&— The knockout stage of the Allied combing offensive against Ger many still is far in the future. Official estimates are that the combined blows of the U. S. Eighth A.ir Force and the R. A. F. thus Ear have smashed only a small proportion—considerably less than ane-fifth—of Germany’s war po tential. That estimate does not imply any pessimism in the High Com mand concerning the air war, which aheady has forced profound changes in Nazi plans and oper ations. It does point up official disquiet over what is deemed to, be an unwaranted general belief that little remains but the mp ping-up stage. A large part of this misconcep tion is attributed to a tendency to interpret all the bombing assaults against the continent as offensive attacks in preparation for inva sion, when in fact a large propor tion of them until recently have been primarily defensive—direct ed heavily toward eventual Anglo American ability to invade west ern Europe—the battle of the At lantic had to be won before the battle of Europe could begin. Ne vertheless, they were primarily defensive—suggesting that the Nazis’ undersea warfare may have succeeded in its first aim and de layed invasion by at least six months. This undersea campaign not on ly diverted the bombers from their primarily offensive mission, but in this country it forced an empha sis on construction of destroyer escorts and other weapons for di rect anti-submarine work, with a corresponding lag in production of landing barges and other vessels for amphibious operations. Even the air geenrals, of course do not believe that 100 per cent (Continued on Page Two; Col. 5)]
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