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Served By Leased Wire 01 The ^ ASSOCIATED PRESS * 1 + 4 + v j 55 tUmttgfcm nrmttg mwc -—1 ' “ --WILMINGTON, N. C., MONDAY, NOVEMBER 15, 1943 . FINAL EDITION ESTABLISHED 1867 Labor rounds On Doors Foi pay Increase Senators Accuse WLB Of Surrendering To John L. Lewis raises inevitable Byrd Says Action With •Miners Wilf Create New Trouble WASHINGTON, Nov. 14.— (/p)—Organized labor pound ed harder at the door to pay increases today while Sena torial accusation sounded that the War Labor Board has “surrendered” to John L. Lewis and thus cracked the barrier against uncontrolled inflation. Chief criticism came from Senator Byrd (D-Va) who declared that the board’s sanction of a wage raise to Lewis' United Aline Workers makes general pav increases and a boost in living costs almost inevitable. Batfile Rages Hotter Labor's battle to push up the ceiling raged hotter as spokes 3r. for more than 1,100,000 non nesting rail workers appealed t- rzens for support of legisla I :n permit a flat eight cents rt'-.ir increase. rmultaneously. the Congress of H'-trial Organizations news ser ; e asserted that Congress has feed to adopt a sound tax sys rtem. "blocked effective action to roctroi prices” and, as a result, is partly responsible that “living cost have risen far beyond the level "f the little steel formula -e freeze.” The CIO organ renewed a de mand for scrapping of the little steel formula and “an upward ad justment of wages.” Commenting on a complaint of some VLB members that the board lacked adequate means of forcing compliance with its orders Senator Connally (D-Tex), one of the co-authors of the, anti-strike act. said the teeth in that law seemed plain to him. "Why don't they tell us speci fically what they want?" he de randed. “I’ll face the issue if fev will do that. I won't dodge V Byrd remarked that he was I .’’rely disappointed that the board I LB not seen fit to employ a sec tion of the act which makes it un lawful for any person to instigate w encourage a strike. He suggested that WLB “could at least have ordered an investi gation" to determine whether Lewis, the United Mine Workers* thief, was encouraging a strike and observed that “they certainly should not have approved a con tract while the miners were out on strike.” "No action taken by the Admin istration in a long time.” he ad ea' W'N have the far reaching and disastrous effect of this sur render to John Lewis when he was openly defying the government. is decision giving the min-! .1* wage increase of about $1.501 a day means that there will be a i followed mu ease in wage scales, cost of r D'V an increase in the demands T”2 and then by more ithe i f05 ,wage increase until ^controHed ■’lnflati0n "’iU become a brood*} ?rkers appeal was in wrk byCaStr0Ver the NBC net president n?TS* M* Hat*rison Hailway n! ithe Brotherhood of ber2 ,ks’ and Donald Rich i unions, o™ f°r.15 non-operating the j-. * °ressional adoption of cerfifvit'cr an*Crosser resolution, ft°nr increi}!.1 the. eight-cents an S1abi!j2afi ase conforms with the Bit. their 2 Program' would per hrepared speeches said, ontmucd on page Five. Col 4) TTt_ ' FATHER tc®evfih“ Partly cloudy and ,let -Monday. Hv ?'™ Standard lime) •MeteoroloeiVai‘ " eather Bureau) tiai!’-g t:20g o „data for the 24 hours p- m., yesterday. 1:30 s. temperature «t- 56. 7:30 n 7:30 a- ®» 39, 1:30 '-‘‘■nun, 38 \,p: 51. Maximum 64, -uean pi. Normal 56. 1:3(1 a Humidity f m' 26. 7:30 p0.’ mf47a; m- 62, 1:30 _ Total inr PreciPitation ''Tot",0 00 thehes?4 h°Urs ending 7:30 ,R inchesCC the first °£ the month, ,,'From theTT?H FST 1'0d»y s- Coast Tand , Published by v.. and Geodetic Survey.) ll!r,ington _ High JLow Kl,s°nboro inter • 13;09P V:27p . 9:44a 3:26a ji4 H'45 n ^ c 10:08p 4:04p V ,lrh" 8 -21 „ "Vi St'nsel, j :08 p. m . p P-» IVToonset %»•*?? a S =tTa.Sm8.? 9.8 ^tt'ev“te \ RAF Mosquitos Sting Berlin In New Series i Of Attacks On Morale LONDON, Nov. 14—(#)—Brit an’s swift and elusive Masquito j bombers dropped explosives on : Berl,n l*st night for the sec | ond night in succession in a new series of “morale” attacks on the German Capital. Other groups of the ply wood, twin-engined planes hit targets in western Germany. The raids all were carried out without loss and were the only air activity of the night an nounced by the British. It was the fifth straight night the Masquitos had been over Germany keeping the sirens go ing. They went out in darkness following a heavy daylight bat tering of objectives in the Ger man port of Bremen yesterday by American Fortresses and Liberators which together with escorting fighters shot down 43 German fighters, Fifteen bomb ers and nine fighters failed to return. „ The Germans broadcast that 29 Allied planes were shot down when “strong North American bomber formations attempted to raid northwestern Reich terri tory Saturday,” and that five more Allied aircraft were downed in daylight raids on western occupied territory. In the comparative lull in air activity today Britons recalled that it was three years ago to night that German planes in great numbers blasted the heart out of Coventry, in the British Midlands ANTI - POLL TAX AFNDIPNT SET Curtains Jerked Back For Quick Look At New Filibuster WASHINGTON, Nov. 14— (#) — Jerking back the curtains for a quick preview of a filibuster in the making, two Southern Senators an nounce tonight iney are preparing “several hutndred amendments” to the anti-poll tax bill and esti mated that weeks will be required for their consideration. The two, Senator Sastland (D Miss) and Senator McClellan (D Ark), said they would join “a large number of other Senators from every section of the country” in combatting the House-approved bill which would eliminate payement of a poll tax as a prerequisite for voting in elections for Federal of ficials. They chaiged the bill is spon sored principally by the Commu nist party and ‘also the radical hybrid American Labor party in the Democratic organization.55 It was approved Friday, 12 to 6, by the Senate Judiciary Committee and, beginning tomorrow, is sub ject to being called up by any member of the Senate. With filibusters threatened open ly in half a dozen quarters, efforts are under way tc avoid weeks of random talk in the midst of war. Senator O’Mahoney (D-Wyo) be lieves he has the solution with his resolution calling for anti-poll tax constitutional amendment. He pointed out that only eight stales—Georgia, Tennessee, Missis sippi, Alabama, Texas, Arkansas, South Carolina and Virginia—make payment of a poll tax a voting quaulication, ana saw it was like ly that tne amendment would be zatJiied oy most of the other 40 states. The Judiciary Committee dead locked 9 to 9 on the O’Mahoney resolution Friday but agreed to consider it tomorrow. If it - were called up and passed ahead of the House poll tax repealer, the lat ter probably would remain quies cent on the calendar. Advocates of the bill declare no one should have to pay in order to vote. Opponents say the bill is an attempt of the Federal government to take over the states’ rights to specify the qualifications of their voters. Waiting for a break in the con troversy, the Senate tomorrow tackles the Bankhead bil which would direct the Treasury to spend $25,000,000 to $30,000,000 for paid government war bond advertising (Continued on Page Two; Col. 3) i --- House Moving Toward Vote On Subsidies Supporters Of Bill Pin Hopes On Comprom ise Measure VETO MAY BE USED FDR May Step In If Hold The Line Plan Rebuffed WASHINGTON, Nov. 14. —(A5)—The House moves to ward a verdict this week in the long controversy over the Administration’s use of sub sidy payments to keep down the size of grocery bills. Amid indications that the issue will have a part in next year’s elections, subsidy sup porters pinned their hopes on a compromise but counted also upon a presidential veto if Congress again rebuffs the Administration’s method for carrying out this portion of its “hold-the-line” program again'f inflation. Showdown This Week The showdown will come Thurs day or Friday on a measure to ex tend the life of the Commodity credit Corporation. The House Banking Committee wrote into the bill a stringent ban against future use of subsidies and a clause pro hibiting the fixing of ceiling prices on food below production-incentive levels. Even the most ardent backers of the subsidy program admitted that their chances are slim in the House and Senate unless they can muster new strength behind a compromise which would postpone a final deci sion by extending CCC and subsi dies for a limited period. “The chief trouble,” said Rep. Monroncy (D-Okla) advocate of rubsidies, “is that the public does not reaiize just what this pro gram is doing to combat infla tion. If subsidies are removed, the grocery bills are going to get big ger. If the bills increase, you are going to get demands for higher wages. That’s how the spiral of inflation begins.” Against their argument, repre sentatives of the Farm Bloc argued that food is just as important in! the war effort as munitions, that | removal of subsidies will allow the: price of agricultural products to I ries to their “natural levels” andj (Continued on Page Five; Col. 3) ! Jap Plane Transport, 6 Merchantmen Sank By American U-Boats WASHINGTON, Nov. 14—Iff* —American submarines in new raids on Japanese supply lines have sunk a plane transport and six merchant ships and damaged two other merchant vessels. Boosting the total of enemy vessels sunk or damaged by submarines to 496, the Navy issued the following communi que today: “Pacific and Fa East: “1. Li. S. submarines have reported the sinking of seven enemy vessels and the damag ing of two others in operations against the enemy in waters of these areas, as follows: “Sunk: One plane transport, one large freighter, one me dium cargo transport and four medium freighters ‘Damaged: One large freight er, one medium freighter. ‘f2. These actions have not been announced by any pre vious Navy Department com munique.” Japanese ships successfully attacked by America’s under sea raiders now stand at 346 sunk, 36 possibly sunk and 114 damaged. Nazis Believed Shaping New Winter Offensives MADRID, Nov. 14 — Iff) — The Nazis are readying a surprise win ter operation from southern bases, probably a counteroffensive in Italy, in the opinion of persons re cently returned from extensive tours in Germany and occupied Europe. They base their belief partly on recent southward troop movements and on Germany’s urgent need of a victory for its effects both on the home front on an satellite Europe. The German hierarchy is torn by inner quarrels, these travelers say. I but the German war machine has i plenty oi punch left. They insist there is something more than mere propaganda in the Nazi claim that the defensive strategy on the Rus sian front makes more reserves available than Germany had at her command last winter. These reserves are estimated at 150 divisions. Few of them, the Germans are said to believe, will be needed in the Balkans because of differences among thAnti- Ger man elements there. rhe Frfnch are rated as incapable of leal le volt, according to the informants. (Continued on Page live, Gol. 8) Doughboys Join Marines On Bougainville _i___ ^NfW IRELAND 0AIIW ,0,e, , NW ^BOUGAINVILLE BRITAIN SOLOMON IS. Go‘mo'° eJrm^PHOisfui MONO" V*1 ujlSA?//) Vella Lo'%lloC?.<Jjl MundoV*. « TO MlltS NfW GEORGIA * ♦ S 200 GUADALCANAL^*® BOUGAINVILLE *. ISLAND Loluei Pt. _ 0*u'O 2 [ Tor an Bay K.hiiiio'w Tonolm y V Harbor lALLAlt MILES iHCRTLANDjgj^^^UlIO 1B 15 Reinforcing Marines who made the original landing on Jap-held Bougainville Island, large numbers of U. S. Are”- troops went ashore near the north end of Empress Augusta F 'he first wave | gaining the beach in the face of air attack that «W the Japs 26 planes. The fierce fight for possession of the 1: ..eat Japanese stronghold in tl^ Solomons was reported definitel\ turning in favor of the American forces. - L JAPANESE PREFER BARGES TO SHIPS Enemy Cannot Win That Way But Death Comes Slower BY HAROLD STREETER Associated Press Staff Writer The Japanese, faced with growl ing peril in the northern Solomons, still prefer barges to battleships in fighting the battle of Bougain ville, now fast becoming the Bat tle for Rabaul. They can't win that way. But death comes slower. Allied military leaders scarce ly disguised their belief that the invasion of Bougainville was the logical spot for the Japanese navy to come out and fight. Announcing the invasion, Gener al MacArthur said he would wel come the enemy fleet. Admiral : Halsey added the sooner the bet ter. Navy Secretary Knox said j the Japanese navy was afraid to I come out. Admiral Nimitz said so i too. It was a rather large invitation. And it looked for a time last week as though the Japanese may have decided to accept. Several groups of destroyers and cruisers were seen by American aerial scouts sailing south from Truk to Rabaul, But time after time now those warships have been attacked, some sunk, many others damaged—and always inside the harbor of Ra baul. t the only truly counteroffensive move made by the Japanese, the one which came nearest to getting anywhere, consisted of sending down 21 of those self-propelled l arges from Buka to put a few hundred Japanese soldiers ashore on the north end of the Ameri (Continued on Page Two; Col. 2) --—--— ALEXISHAFEN HIT BY ALLIED BOMBS 223 Tons 01 High Ex plosives Cascaded On Jap Stronghold SOUTHWEST PACIFIC ALLIED HEADQUARTERS, Monday, Nov. 15. — (#) — Liberator and Mitchell bombers, following up a strafing raid by fighter planes, plastered Alexishafen and Madang with 223 tons of bombs Saturday morning in the heaviest aerial assault yet thrown against the Japanese on New Guinea. P-40 and P-39 fighters swept the airstrips at Alexishafen shortly after dawn, leaving fires at the expense of one craft shot down by intense anti-aircraft opposition. Then came waves of Liberators ai medium height, followed by Mit chells at tree-top height, to give the enemy a thorough going over. A strong force of P-47's and P 40's was on hand as a protective cover, but not a Japanese plane was in the air. Since earlier attacks on the We wak and Madang airstrips kept the Japanese from aerial interfer ence with the Australians' pro gress up the Markham and down the Ramu valleys, it was presum ed that a giant assault such as this was intended to hamper the enemy’s aerial supply of troops in ■fr\r\xno n t'n n f The only heavier attack on bomb tonnage was the October 12 raid on Rabaul, New Britain, which received 350 tons of explosives. The previous record tonnage on New Guinea was the 221 tons drop ped on Sattelberg last October 21. There was no new word of the ground situation at Augusta bay, the Bougainville island bridgehead IContinued on Page Five; Col. 7) Walter Lippmann Says: Realism Is New Name For Capital Pessimism The other day I heard a man say that something or other de pended on “whether you take an optimistic or a realistic view of the situation.’’ Now I happen to know that in 1940 he predicted as a realist that Britain would fall, in 1941 and 1942 that Russia would be knocked out of the war and in 1943 that Russia would make a separate peace with Germany. Yet he is still functioning as a professional realist. He will, I suppose, go on functioning! For if a man says that something terri ble is going to happen and it does not happen we are all so relieved that our pleasure hides his error. But if he predicts something plea sant and it does not happen we have to take our disappointment out on some one, and there he is, sitting on the end of a limb. That is whj- in Washington realism has become another name for pessimism. There is safety in pessimism, whereas to have faith is to take risks. Now it has been the fashion to say that war is frightful but just wait until peace breaks out. Per haps so. But I think we may risk the belief that the problems of peace, however hard and compli cated. will not be nearly so terri fying when we face up to them m a practical and factual way—as they seem when we speculate about them with little knowledge and much theory. But they will also be different problems than we imagined they would be before we really examined them. Consider, for example, how in regard to the relief of the liber ated countries of Europe an (exam ination of the realities affects our preconceived notions. We now have the agreed figures of the needs of the eight European coun tries which are to be liberated. They need in the first six months, which are the critical months, to get about half their imports from places which can be reached only by using ships. It comes to a to tal of somewhat more than 23, 000,000 tons of goods. But note then that France, Gelgo-Luxembourg', the Nether lands and Norway—the four occu pied countries of western Europe —will need two thirds of this to tal, and remember then that t!#se four countries will emerge from the war with very substantial fi nancial resources. They will not need and will not ask for charity. What they need and will ask for is the right to buy with their own funds the things their people want, j Their “relief” problem is not a ‘ (Continued on Page Two; Col. 1) U. S. Improves Positions Despite Nazi Artillery ALLIED HEADQUARTERS, Algiers, Nov. 14.—(JP) —The Germans blasted out with heavy artillery all day long on the Garigliano river front and sent large numbers of fighters into swirling dogfights to protect the road to Rome yesterday, but American troops improved their po sitions and the British Eighth Army advanced slightly at the eastern end of the battle front. The Nazi air blows were the heaviest since Salerno. American troops advanced despite many German coun terattacks in hard fighting in the mountains north and FRENCH CLASH WITH LEBANESE Disorders Break Out In Egypt Among Student Demonstrators CAIRO, Nov. 14.—CP) — Sharp | clashes between French tfoops and j Lebanese over the issue of a free! Lebanese government continued today along the eastern coast of the Mediterranean and disorders broke out in Egypt where student mobs in sympathy demonstrations stoned the French committee’s headquarters in Cairo shouting “down with France! Down with de Gaulle!” Egyptian students also stoned a French officer and tore down French flags at Alexandria. French authorities, contending that the fighting in Lebanon is not as serious as has been reported, rushed Gen. Georges Catroux from Algiers to Cairo by plane to con fer with Egyptian Premier Nah_as Pasha. Catroux is on his way to Lebanon with power delegated by the French National Committee to soothe the situation. Before the conference, Premier Nahas told a vast gathering at the opening of the three-day Waf dist jubilee last night that Egypt would use her influence with the United Nations to force the French committee to release imprisoned members of the Lebanese govern ment. The Arab news agency reported that Lebanese deputies still at Lib erty had formed a “free govern ment” cabinet and moved to Bi kaa to function while their presi dent and prime minister are de tained by the French. From its seat at Baalbeck in the hills of eastern Lebanon, the provisional government was re ported to have ordered a contin uation of organized resistance against the French. au vices nave ueen received here concerning the ex tent of the actual fighting. A French communique issued today said only four persons had been wounded during the latest disturbances, but reported a stu dent demonstration at Damascus, the capital of Syria, and acknow ledged some fighting and contin ued “manifestations” at the Leb anese capital of Beirut. Various unofficial reports have told of numerous deaths and scores wounded by machine-gun fire. A French officer was said to have been killed by a mob when he attempted to prevent the de struction of a French flag. There was no question, however about the determination of the student demonstrators here. The grounds about the headquarters of the French committee were lit tered with broken glass. Stones and name plates were ripped from doors. The building remained tightly shuttered today. Protests against the French were coming in from other parts of the Arab world. One report from Bagdad said that Iraq’s par liament at a special meeting today adopted a resolution protesting the French stand. (Continued on Page Two; Col. 3) lormwest oi Mignano which over ook the road to Cassino and Rome. (Again indicating the see-saw na ture of this fierce mountain fight ing, the Berlin Sunday communi que said the Germans had “lost a height taken yesterday south of Venafro,’’ which lies northwest of Mignano. The Allit d com..'.and yes terday reported recapture of high ground taken Wednesday but lost to the German counterattacks Thursday.) U. S. Soldiers routed elements of two German battalions with few casualties themselves at a point a mile and a half northwest of Montaquila. six miles north of Venafro, headquarters said. In a three-mile drive in furious fighting, Gen. Sir. Bernard L. Montgomery’s Eighth Army units seized Atesst, 12 miles inland from the Adriatic, and four miles north west of Casalagnida. They repulsed numerous Nazi sountar-blows to hold the town, of 10,000 population giving excellent observation over the area to the Sangro river six miles away. On the Adriatic coastal sector, Eighth Army patrols again slip ped across the Sangro to west enemy defenses. Allied forces in central Italy, holding the wrecked town of Rion *rs, heard explosions from Alfed ena and Rocca Cinqueniglia five and seven miles north, indicating the Germans might be dynamiting buildings preparatory to eventual withdrawal. Front line dispatches said the Germans were wrecking and burning these towns as they did Rionero. Allied pilots downed nine Nazi (Continued on Page Five; Col. 6) -V YUGOSLAVS TAKE 2 RAIL CENTERS Inland Balkan Communi cations Of Hitler Dealt Hard Blow LONDON. Nov. 14.—L«—Yugo slav Partisans announced today a crippling blow to Hitler’s inland Balkans communications with cap ture of two rail centers just across from the Hungarian border while Eerlin claimed the occupation of tnree Adriatic islands in the bat tle for the Balkans’ offshore ap proaches. A broadcast communique from Gen. Josip (Drug Tito) Broz’ head quarters said Croat guerrillas had seized Koprivnica on the main railroad from Budapest to the Ad riatic coast by way of Zagreb, and Virovitica on a Branch running to Belgrade in one of the Partisans’ biggest strikes in weeks. The twin successes severed two arteries over which the Germans nave been moving troops and sup plies, and followed disruption of ither segments of the invaders’ meager communications to the south. One of the guerrillas’ biggest lauls in prisoners and booty also ,vas reported with capture of the wo towns, the communique listing '00 officers and men taken cap ;'ve. Booty at Virovitica included .’ve guns, 20 machine-guns, 300 mines and 500,000 rounds of am munition, the Partisans said. [Continued on Page Two; Col. 6) Badoglio Will Quit Job When Allies Reach Rome ITALIAN HEADQUARTERS IN ITALY, Noy. 14. —(&i— Premier Marshal Pietro Badoglio. who has been waging an apparently unsuc cessful fight to save the throne of King Vittorio Emanuele, pledg ed tonight to “present my resig nation as head of the government and retire” when the Allies reach Rome. At a press conference and in an official statement Badoglio made the declaration which meant that the King will stand alone against the United front of Italian political parties which is peeking his abdi cation once the Allied armies re lease the capital from the Ger- j mans. Genial as always, but plainty worn by the high speed politics of the past three weeks, the aged marshal frankly explained that he had formed a “technical” adminis tration because he was unable to form a representative government and confirmed reports that Count Carlo Sforza, pre-Fascist foreign minister, and othei political lead ers had declined to join any gov-: eminent under a king they consid er tainted from Fascism. Continued on Page Five; Col. J) VATUTIN’S WARRIORS PUSH TO WITHIN 20 MILES OF KOROSTEN NEW TRAP IS SEEN Berlin Announces Huge Force Of Russians In Dnieper Bend RETREAT MAY BE NEAR Germans PossiMy Prepar ing For Large Evac uation In South LONDON. Monday, Nov. 15.—(/p)_rGen. Nikolai F. Vatutin’s northern Ukraine army drove to within 20 miles of the Korosten rail junction yesterday, while Berlin ear ly today announced that nearly 500,000 Russians had broken through German Dni eper bend defenses in a new assault aimed at closing a giant trap en the huge Axis forces in the south. A Moscow communique and midnight supplement an nounced the continuing So viet drive toward the old Po lish border, less than 60 miles away in which 50 towns were overrun, but did not mention the big push in the Dniepej bend. Broadcast from Moscow, the bulletins were recorded by the Soviet monitor. German Lines Snapped A Berlin broadcast, possibly preparing the homeland for a grand scale retreat in the south, said 30 Red army rifle divisions and numerous tank formations had snapped German lines between Zaporozhe and the area north and northwest of Krivoi Rog ‘‘at heavy cost” and that a big battle was continuing through the night. Moscow’s silence is customary at the unfolding of each new offen sive, and the late German bulle tin bore out previous German pro paganda indications that a Nazi retreat to avoid encirclement in the south might be impending if not underway Fanning out from the rail and highway hub of Zhitomir, which it took yesterday after an all night battle, Gen. Nikolai “Light ning” Vatutin's army was within 24 miles of Koroslen and 23 miles of Berdchev. Frontally the Russians were striking down llie broad asphalt highway toward Novograd Volinsk. Korosten is the upper anchor of the last German rail line short of the old Polish border, and Berdi chev is only 60 miles from the vital Lwow-Odessa line over which men and armament flow to the Germans facing disaster in lower Russia. A communique broadcast by Moscow and recorded by the So viet monitor named Chukovichi as one of the towns seized by the Russians. That could not be lo cated on available maps, and the name may be Chepovichi, which is only 15 miles southeast of Koro sten. Tlie horse-pius-armor sweep of the Russians toward the Polish and Rumanian borders moved ahead with about the same speed that carried the Russians 85 miles from Kiev to Zhitomir in a week of steady fighting, and caused (Continued on Page Two; Col. 4); f --1 Community War Chest Facts Refugee children, spirited out of terrorized nations of Europe after suffering the worst types of maltreatment, will be evacuated from Europe large ly to America under existing immigration quotas. Here they null receive necessary rare, physical rehabilitation and ed ucation. So many youngsters have managed to reach the re maining limited Enropean free territory that it is either a question of shipping them back to the horrors of their native lands or to America. Help reaches them through the U. S. Committe for Care of European Children, one of the 27 agencies in the Com munity War Chest ^ * J
Wilmington Morning Star (Wilmington, N.C.)
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Nov. 15, 1943, edition 1
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