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Served By Leased Wire Of The 4 + . > nrMTMQF'i I fsfeI tlmtngfcm Munrnuj Star VOL^T^—NO- 273_----- WILMINGTON, N. C., THURSDAY, DECEMBER 2, 1943 _FINAL EDITION ESTABLISHED 1867 FIVE DAY MEET [ations Bound To Strip Nips Of Her Impe rialistic Gains ^AR HEADS PRESENT] LJnrelenting Pressure’ Will Be Brought Against Pacific Enemy CAIRO, Dec. 1— (/P) — President Roosevelt, Prime Minister Churchill and Presi lent Chiang Kai-shek have leld an historic five-day con 'erence, have bound their na tions in an agreement to beat rapan into unconditional sur •ender and to strip her of all ler imperialistic gains of the ast half century, and have ! eft for unannounced desti- ■ lations. (In Washington it was as sumed that an even more im oortant meeting, particular ly on the European phases ol the war, would be held with Premier Joseph Stalin of Rus sia. Reuters dispatches from Lisbon, Portugal, said the three had left for Teheran, :apital of Iran, there to mint itahn in the biggest United Nations conference of the var. Confab Said Underway (Berlin broadcast? said tbe con ference already was underway in Teheran—on the Russian supply corridor where Britisb-American Russian war-time cooperation has lad its most conspicuous success.) In an extraordinary atmosphere if secrecy and precaution, the three leaders or the United States, Britain and China, representing more than 1,000,000,000 people, counting al1 thore of the British Empire, met for five days—from Nov. 22 through Nov. 26 — while surrounded by the highest galaxy if military supply and political advisers, and departed at least three days before the news was given to the public (Continued on Page Two; Col. 2) \T 1,026 MEN KILLED ON TARAWA ATOLL Navy Issues Report On Casualties In New Pa cific Offensive WASHINGTON, Dec. 1.—Ta rawa, the bloodiest fight in all the Marine corps’ proud history, cost the American victors 1,026 dead and 2,557 wounded. Reporting the heavy toll suffered in taking the two-mile long atoll and cracking Japan’s central Pa cific defenses, the Navy said to night that casualties totaled 3,771 in the three Gilbert island opera tions. S;xty-five were killed and 121 wounded at Makin and one killed and two wounded at Abema. The Navy made public the total without comment in a terse com munique. Secretary of the Navy Knox had warned before hand, however, (Continued on Page Two; Col. 1) -V WEATHER FORECAST NORTH CAROLINA: Partly cloudy and nild Thursday. Not quite so cool Thurs day night. Partly cloudy to cloudy and ^ nild Friday with light rain west por ion Friday forenoon. (Eastern Standard Time) (By U. S. Heather Bureau) Meteorological data for the 24 hours nding 7:30 p. m., yesterday. Temperature 1:30 am, 28, 7:30 am, 37, 1 :30 pm. 56, r:30 pm, 49. Maximum 59. Minimum 36, Mean 48, formal 52 Humidity 1:20 am. 68, 7:30 am. 71. 1:30 pm, 31, :30 pm, 72. Precipitation Total for the 24 hours ending 7:30 p. m., I. 00 inches. Total since the first of the month, .24 inches. Tides For Today (From the Tide Tables published by J. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey). High Low ■Vilmington - 1:00a 8:17a , l :40p 9:01p vlasonboro Inlet -11:27a 5:00a 5 :30p Sunrise, 7:00a. Sunset, 5 :03p, Moonrise, / [1:22a, Moonset. 10:27p. Cane Fear River stage at Fayette ville, 9 37 feet. 6 II. S. Iroops, British 8th Press Ahead Montgomery’s Forces Beat Through Tough German Defenses In Italy threI MILE GAIN Hundreds Of Allied Bom bers, Fighters Help Clear War For Push ALLIED HEADQUAR TERS. Algiers, Dec. 1—(TP) _Under the heaviest tacti cal air support of the entire Italian campaign, the Brit ish Eighth Army smashed through German defenses be yond fallen Sangro ridge to Jja,. while American troops of‘' the Fifth Army fought forward three miles in the central sector, possibly her alding the start of an “all oatM Allied drive on Rome. At every point the Ger mans fought with desperation to stem the attack. Despite the demoralizing onslaught I by hundreds of Allied fight ers. fighter - bombers and bombers, the enemy troops clung to their positions until they were killed or captured in bloody hand-to-hand fight ini'. An Allied communique described Nazi losses as “very ■ Fierce Resisiance ■ m Germans are offering very ■ fax; s-istance for every inch of ■ a military commentator ■ aid fie predicted they would ■ mite violent efforts to retake San ■ fro ridge, the powerful eastern I aichor of their winter line from v.fiieii Gen. Sir Bernard L. Mont gomery’s British, Indian and New Zealand infantry drove them yes terday after 48 hours of heavy, continuous fighting. Already the Eighth Army had beaten off several determined Nazi counter-attacks as it fought up the Adriatic coastal plain toward the important seaport of Pescara, only about 20 miles away. One enemy counter thrust cut off a portion of Montgomery's spearhead that cap 'ured the town of Mozzagrogna, oot fresh British units sprang for i retd to effect a rescue. ! Enemy casualties mounted { 51 iftly as low-flying Allied fighter j (Continued on Page Two; Col. '6) PAPER CAMPAIGN OPENS DECEMBER 6 County Salvage Committee Announces Dates For Second Drive Wilmington’s second war-time SCl'aP paper collection campaign J™ open Monday. Dec. 6, W. A. Stewart, chairman of county salv a3e committee, said Wednesday. r_ver-v effort will be made to . a£e all the city’s waste paper m three weeks, he said, but the 11 e Will be carried on over a 0!i§er Period if necessary. 4, "e Carnpaign will be channeled iiongh Wilmington's schools, stadents expected to be re nstble for the principal part be ne c.°"ection. Waste paper will to t!le school buildings jj', e,,Army trucks will collect it Saturday morning. The use 1 ontinuecl on Page Six; Col. 8) i “'“'cation Uf New Wafer Plant Is Set __For December 9th e,D?I,c5ion services for Sween statio, f'011 Blant and-Pumping the J ,~ave been scheduled for o'cln'ni. °f December 9, at 6:30 Market' ? Blue Top Lod§e on iiKean S£e«. road- according to j-0 n Maffitt, chairman of the scam committee for the event. APProxunately lio invitations sentatiSSUSd Wednesday to repre Z hvte citizens, officials, and dCt jrs t0 adend the exer ]0v, and the oyster roast to fol and'6, pl;°Sram itself wiU be brief, John n cfeatUre short talks by the Sweeney, Jr., engineer of W'o plant- and Mr. Maffitt, city *!,ttlce the history of the of •!, lG1 system, and services t«<! empires. t cos, „’eeney piant was built at approximately $640,000, °nilnunl °« Page Two; Col. 7) FRANKLIN I). ROOSEVELT : —— -- WINSTON CHURCHILL CHIANG KAI-SHEK _! WESTERN GERMANY IS BLASTED ANEW Flying Forts And Libera tors Press Attack On Nazi Industries LONDON, Dec. L— W) -Ameri can Flying Fortresses at)d Libera tors pressed their o f f e n sive through icy, cloud-spattered skies to attack western Germany for the third time in three days today and ran into a wide variety of Ger man fighter planes which filled the air with rockets in an unusually strong but vain attempt to check the attackers. The Americans in smashing once more at targets in the Nazis’ big western industrial basin were carrying the weight of the Brit ain-based aerial attack on Ger many, following up their bombing of the big port of Bremen Mon day and the important arms cen ter of Solingen Tuesday. The RAF bomber command, gathering strength for the next heavy attack on Germany, sent Mosquitos over Germany’s west ern reaches, keeping the bombed Germans alerted another night. London n«d an air raid alarm tonight but no bombs were dropped in the area el the British capital. The roar of planes was aeard over some London districts, aowever; flares were dropped and anti-aircraft gunfire was heavy. During the day RAF and Cana dian fighters destroyed nine ene my aircraft and lost seven planes. South of Land’s End, four Mos quitos on offensive patrol shot down three jurkers-88S. Typhoons supporting the American heavy bombers got two German fighters while other Typhoons, covering Mosquitos attacking shipping in the Brest area, destroyed a Junk ers-88 and a Junkers-52. Canadian Spitfires escorted the Marauders which had among their targets the Cambrai airfield in France. Tne Canadians got two Fockewulf-190S Meanwhile to the south Libera tors of the American Northwest African Air Force contributed fur ther to the aerial encirclement of the European fortress with this war’s first blow Tuesday against ‘Continued on Page Two; Col. 8) LABOR LEADERS BACK SUBSIDIES William Green, CIO Repre sentatives Are Called At Committee Hearing WASHINGTON, Dec. 1.— W) — AFL and CIO leaders appealed to day for retention of food price subsidies. Testifying before the Senate Banking committee, Fresident Wil liam Green of the American Fed eration of Labor, predicted that if subsidies are abolished food prices will double within three months. He also charged that backers of a bill to ban subsidies, among them the major farm or ganizations. are bent upon sweep ing away the entire price control program. James B. Carey, secretary-treas urer o£ the Congress of Industrial | Organizations, said the CIO favors subsidies because it believes that "whatever adjustment of wa g e ceilings it might accomplish, or ganized labor will never be able to move wages up as rapidly as prices will rise if the y break loose.” Green and Carey were witness es on the second day of the Sen ate committee’s hearings on the bill, alreacy overwhelmingly ap proved by the House, which would ban subsidies after Jan. 1. Green declared that while sub sidies are costing the government about $925,000,000 this year, con sumers are receiving a net saving of $2,373,000,000, or about two and one-half times the subsidy cost. “If subsidies are outlawed, food prices will double within three months and treole in six months,” he asserted. ‘ This the American people do not want and will not stand." When Green charged that the OPA had “failed to stabilize prices” to the extent the War La bor Board has held down wages, he was interrupted by Senator Taft (R.-Ohio). Taft said Labor Depart ment figures show wages have risen about 20 per cent since Sep tember. 1942, while food costs have gone up about six per cent. British Troops Will End Stay In Wilmington Soon Three hundred and fifty British anti-aircraft troops will end their five months’ American tour where they began it—right here in Wil mington. On Friday afternoon tne Tommies will make their farewell public appearance with a parade through the streets of Wilmington in honor of Lord Halifax, British ambassador to the United States. Plans completed on Wednesday between representatives of Lord Halifax and Lt. Col. Tom C. Met calf, commanding the British troops, and Lt. Col. Howard W. Hunter, representing the American escort detachment, called for the British troops, allied with Ameri can soldiers and modern, mobile anti-aircraft equipment from Camp Davis, to march through Wilming ton’s streets beginning at 4:45 p. m. The line of march will organize at Eighth and Market streets, and will proceed down Market to Third street, then over Third, where a review will take place from the steps of City Hall, thence to Red Cross street, down to Front to Mar ket, back up to Third street, com pleting the march in front of City Hall at approximately 5:30 p. m. When the march concludes at City Hall, the troops and equip ment will be brought up for in spection by Lord Halifax, Mayor Bruce Cameron and ranking mili tary dignitaries from Camp Davis and other nearby military instal lations. (Continued on Page Two; Col. 5) Confabs Usually Precede Great World Events By HAROLD OLIVER WASHINGTON, Dec. 1—(fP)—Meetings of President Roosevelt and Prime Minister Churchill invariably fore shadow momentous events. So, too, undoubtedly does their conference at Cairo with China’s Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek, just disclosed. The President and the Prime Minister had met seven times previously, all but one of them since the United States entered the war. Here is the record of their conferences and what hap pened after each—a record which mirrors turning points of world history still to be written.: In August. 1941, just four months before Pearl Harbor was at tacked, they met for the first time as national leaders, on the decks of the U. S. Cruiser Augusta off the Newfoundland coast to map the broad strategy of the United Nations to be. They agreed on stepping up American aid to Britain and Rus sia, on vigilance against Japan, and an eight-point Atlantic Charter pledging self-deterination to all peoples and their right to “live out their own lives in freedom from fear and want.” The President went to the meeting on the yacht Potomac and cruisers Augusta, Churchill on the new battleship Prince of Wales. The latter returned home via Iceland and broadcast to the occupied countries of Europe: “Help is coming. Mighty forces are arming in your behalf. Have hope. Deliverance is sure.” The next meeting between the two leaders was in Washington 15 davs after Pearl Harbor. The prime minister crossed this time on the battleship Duke of York, arriving at the White House Dec. 22, 1941. The battleship Prince of Wales had been sunk with the H. M. S. Repulse off Malaya by Japanese planes. While Churchihll was here, Hongkong fell to the Japanese. So did Manila. Singapore’s days were numbered, as were those of the rich Dutch empire in the South Pacific. On New Year’s Day—Jan. 1, 1942—came the announcement that the Allied leaders had conceived the “declaration of the United Na tions.” The original signers were Great Britain, the United States, RUSThev "pledged* use of all resources at their command to defeat the enemy and not to make a separate peace. The following day 22 other nations signed, making 26. Now there are 33 signers full fledged United Nations members. (The 44 nations which recently signed the relief and rehabilitation agreement at Washington includ ed 10 associate nations and the French National Committee of Lib "a Churchill flew back to England after more than three weeks in Washington, heeding warnings that swarms of Nazi submarines were ^ thRPturni"ngCby plane six months later-June 18, 1942-the Prime Minister arrived in Wastog^ as for a secon r^in Europe were loud and frequent ™™ ro psNazi Afrika Corps-un U'^a™CTtT7rfven insMe Egypt, and German submarines in ?s, srris/ss a™ .■*» ,.aikac announced tneyw were sinking more subs than Ger many could build). While the White House at me time agreed that speculation on a second front was pel fee v . - tified.” the President later told reporters how this June meetig decided final arrangements for tn largest water-borne invasion i History, the Anglo-American thrust into North Africa Nov. 8 which prefaced a six-month ea. west pincer movement that enas ed the Axis out of that continent. Still further aid to Russia was decided upon and a general divi sion of strategy determined this mid-1942 meeting. By the ena of the year, Churchill announced the Allies had reached “the en of the beginning.” . The stage then was set tor Casablanca. Breaking another precedent, Mr. Roosevelt flew across the Atlantic for a ten-day meeting, beginning Jan. 14, 1943, with the Prime Minister in that picturesque French Moroccan poit. They reached “complete agree ment” on 1943 war plans designed to bring about the unconditional surrender of Germany, Italy and Japan. The President returned to Washington Jan. 31 having trav eled nearly 14,000 miles on a 23 day trip. The President told the press at Casablanca that the conference was unprecedented. Churchill said the Allied landings in North Afri ca had altered the whole strategy of the war and given the Allies an initiative which they would never lose. (The President' later disclosed at Quebec that the Tuni sian and Sicilian campaigns were planned at Casablanca. 1 Before another six months was up, the British leader was back in Washington, arriving May 11, 1943. against a background of an Allied victory in Tunisia and Ger man jitters over invasion. He concluded these talks May 27 when President Roosevelt in a one-sentence statement said only that complete agreement had been reached “on future operations in all theaters of the war.” It is be lieved continental invasion plans were gone over then. The Prime Minister made a 50 minute extemporaneous. speech to Congress on this occasion. In that address and at a press conference in the White House he indicated a stepped-up attack on the Japa nese, as well as on Italy and Ger many, bulked large in the military staff talks which always have sup plemented Roosevelt - Churchill pow-wows. The battle of Sicily was near ing completion and Mussolini had been ousted when the two Allied leaders met again—this time with Prime Minister MacKenzie King of Canada, at Quebec. Churchill Continued on Page Two; Col. 5) EXCHANGE LINER REACHES GOTHAM Close To 1,500 Joyous Americans Cheer, Sing In New York Harbor JERSEY CITY, N. J„ Dec. 1. —(/P!—Nearly 1.500 jovct'c .Ameri can repatrates from the Far East leached American soil again to-: day and pleaded that other Amer icans in the Japanese occupied Orient be brought home before— in the words of one of them—they “become a lost tribe.” They cheered and sang “God Bless America” as the exchange liner Gripsholm sailed slowly through the heavy mist of the har bor past the Statue of Liberty to her dock, completing the repatri ates’ 16,000-mile journey. Her bow rust-stained from tropic salt after a three months voyage to Portuguese India where the ex change for Japanese nationals took place, the Gripsholm brought in 1,223 United States nationals. 217 Canadians and some Latin Amer icans. The Canadians were taken im mediately to Canada on special trains, but the first passengers to leave the ship were State Depart ment personnel who had been caught in Manila at the outbreak of the war. Mrs. Jessie Mann, consular serv ;ce employe who was trapped there en route to Shanghai, made the plea to “get the Americans and other internees in Manila home, or they will be a lost tribe.” j She explained that there still were 3,800 American and other in ternees at Same Tomas, intern ment camp in Manila, and that they were finding such essentials as food and clothing their major problems. The disembarkment of non-offi cial repatriates proceded slowly through “the mill.” as the first of them described the interroga tion by government agencies co operating in a closely organized panel of questioners. Naval officers who boarded the Gripsholm earlier stated that the; repatriates looked surprisingly well and adequately clothed. Many who had lost weight during nearly two years of internment had gsin (Continued on Page Two; Col. 7) SOVIETS REPORT LITTLE ACTIVITY Fighting In Three Areas Is Only Briefly Mention ed In Russian Report LONDON Dec. 1.—MB—A strong ly reinforced German army fought back on ever/ sector of the Rus sian front wiin new found vigor today as some of the heaviest fighting of the war brought the great Russian summer-autumn of fensive almost to a halt. The swirling conflict at three keypoints—the White Russian road to Poland, the Kiev bulge and the Dnieper bend -was rapidly becom ing a test of leserve strength of both sides and of the ability to get a steady flow of reinforce ments and materials first to the hottest sectors over round-about rail-lines and sodden roads. The Russians, naving curtly re vealed a retreat from the railway junction of Korosten on the Kiev bulge yesterday, today briefly mentioned fighung in only three areas, with meager advances cap turing less than a dozen populated places in the entire 600-mile ac + fr-nn + The Moscow communique, re corded by the Sovie monitor, said the offensive northwest of Gomel had advanced slightly, overrunning the town of Narovl, 14 miles east of Yelsk on the Fripe* river, while in the Dnieper bend the Red army apparently scored its greatest ad vance of the day Siy towns were taken south est of Kremenchug, where the Russians were last re ported less than 10 miles from the rail junction of Znamenka. But in the bend area, where the Germans have been fighting grim ly for many weeks they were counter-attacking again, this time in the new Cherkasy bridgehead \ across the Dnieper where the Rus sians were pushing for the town ; of Smela. Thu Russians said the \ attacks were repulsed. The communique made no men tion of the vf-tat Kiev salient where the Germans have scored their greatest successes in counter-at tack. With the rail centers of Ko rosten and hitomr- recaptured by the Germans, the. Russians were I a I (Continued on Page Two; Col. 6) j Fate Of Japan Believed Sealed At Cairo Parley By KIRKE L. SIMPSON Associated Press War Analyst Under terms of the American, British, Chinese pact reached at Cairo the fate of Japan as a world power is sealed. Shp is to be cut down ruthlessly; stripped of all her mainland and island loot; to be quarantined within the Japa nese islands themselves as an in ternational leper. That is the plain meaning of the Cairo declaration issued by Messrs. Churchill, Roosevelt and' Chiang Kai-shek. The fact of their meet ings in Egypt we z perhaps the worst kept secret of this war; but what they did there, disclosed less than a week ahead of the second anniversary of Japan's day of in-; famy at Pearl Harbor, dooms Ja-1 / Dan to a worse fate than the Rus sian-Allied pact of Moscow has de meed for Germany It verities the lung known fact that in tne eyes ot President Roos svelt and Prime Minister Church 11 as well as President Chiang, Japan is a more criminal nation than Nazi Germany and to be treated as such. With defeat, she taces internationai exile, ostraciz sd from the world family of na tions until her people have proven their moral fitness for readmis sion. That stern decree by the big three of the Pacific-Asiatic war theater is given added significance Dy the circumstances and the Continued on Page Two; Col. 4) |
Wilmington Morning Star (Wilmington, N.C.)
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Dec. 2, 1943, edition 1
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