Rome's Capture
Without Damage
Is Allied Problem
: By LYNN HEINZERLING
WITH THE FIFTH ARMY AT
CASSINO, Feb. 7.—(Delayed)— Ml
—The Fifth army’s scrupulous re
spect for the abbey of Monte C'as
sino, high on a hallowed peak
above the battle-torn town of Cas
sino, emphasizes a delicate prob
lem facing Lt. Gen. Mark W. Clark
ini planning for expulsion of the
Germans from the Holy City of
Rome.
The Italian capital, in addition to
embracing Vatican City, is stud
ded with shrines sacred to all
Christians.
rlt will present a problem even
'pore perplexing than that of Paris
Ijj 1940. Paris was declared an open
eity and left undefended as the
Germans approached. It ’escaped
damage.
In the final analysis the type of
warfare employed by the Allies in
expelling the Germans from Rome
will depend on the manner in which
the German high command decides
to defend it—if the city is to be
defended.
It is certain that the Allies will
make every reasonable effort to
spare the multitude of ancient and
holy shrines in the city. The Allid
record in their advance through
Italy and particularly in its re
gard for Monte Cassino indicate
this beyond a doubt.
Monte Cassino stands out above
the Cassino-Rapido valley and sur
rounding mountain peaks for miles
almost like radio city dominates
rhid-town New New Yrok. It is a
perfect observation posf and many
soldiers are convinced it is being
used as such. Whether or not it
is being used as an observation
post the Germans have installed a
series of stone, concrete and steel
fortifications about it using its pre
eminent position for defensive pur
poses.
Although it puts the Allies at a
disadvantage and undoubtedly has
cost American lives, Allied artil
lery has carefully, spared the
ground trod by St. Benedict. It has
picked off targets far down its
slopes and scrambled German
. traffic on the road which winds
about its base but the peak and
abbey have been scrupulously pro
tected.
The Germans, taking advantage
of the Allied atti' -de toward re
ligious shrines, have seized it and
-established positions in the very
shadow of the aged buildings.
There is nothing to indicate this
extreme patience on the part of
Allied commanders will be chang
•~ed when Rome is reached.
There have been reliable reports
that the Germans already have
laid mines in the Eternal City, al
though so far there is nothing to in
dicate they are r repared to blow
ip churches and shrines.
' As one soldier put it today, the
Sermans will determine the scope
}f the fighting in Rome and if
they decide to make it another
Stalingrad they must answer for it
’fi the world’s history.
The Allied attitude toward
:hurch property was illustrated at
Salerno where the Germans used a
;hurch on the side of a hill as an
ibservation post.
Allied artillerymen, not realizing
;he building was a church, put a
tiole in it. That afternoon an Amer
ican chaplain saw the damage and
;ook up a collection. He presented
10,000 lire ($300) to the church for
repairs.
This is not to say the churches
in Italy, have been unscathed by
var.
I have seen many of them dam
aged or completely wrecked. Many
Df them were brought down by
High explosive bombs dropped by
planes. A few were hit by Allied
artillery seeking to silence enemy
guns placed in the protection of
their walls. I have seen German
mortar shells falling intc churches
as Allied ground troops fought
their way into towns.
Nevertheless, the policy in the
Fifth Army is that churches are
not to be damaged or used unless
absolutely necessary. Occasionally
when no other building is available
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You Can Fight, Too,
Buy War Bonds
Americans Slow
Beachhead Drive
(Continued from Page One)
in the slowing down of the Ger
man’s first main attempt to drive
the beachhead defenders back in
to the sea.
There is no doubt in my mind
the Germans were attempting to
smash through one sector in an
attempt to split the beachhead and
then run in tanks as fast as pos
sible.
But despite wave after wave of
German troops and tanks thrown
into this push it did not break
through, but made only a num
ber of indentations which during
the last 24 hours the Allies have
: smashed.
1 reel now mat inn enemy wm
have to mount a new drive as the
One which began Monday night
was petered out.
During the night the Germans
made several small attacks
against both American and British
lines, but they were quickly re
pelled. One of these German as
saults during the night was sup
ported by 15 Mark IV tanks.
Rising Enemy Power
ALLIED HEADQUARTERS, Al
giers, Feb. 10.—(ffl—Superior Ger
man forces slashed with rising
power at the entire 30-mile peri
meter of the Awed beachhead
near Rome in the past 24 hiRirs,
probing for a weak point against
which they might throw men and
armor in an all-out assault on
American and British troops who
have been fighting almost continu
ously for 16 days.
The violence of Nazi artillery
fire was increasing, and dispatch
es said advanc d Allied forces
were being supplied only at great
risk. Even though the Allied air
force struck with overwhelming
power at the enemy’s immediate
communications, with fighters op
erating from an improvised land
ing strip on the beachhead itself,
the Germans still appeared to be
massing reinforcements of men
and tanks.
“In order to try to give the
blitzed and war weary German
people their first big victory since
Marshal Rommel’s last desert
drive, Hitler is throwing the book
at the beachhead,” wrote Kenneth
Dixon of The Associated Press.
Allied pilots say the German air
men over the beachhead are the
toughest yet seen in the Mediter
ranean theatre. Dixon wrote, and
they are in greater numbers than
previously met over Italy.
The German ground troops, too,
arc powerful, including the 26th
Panzer Division, veterans of Rus
sia. They are willinp to spend
many lives to gain a little grounr,
he noted, declaring:
“Everything points to one ob
vious conclusion—the German high
command has ordered the beach
head knocked out regardless of
cost.”
He predicted that the full Ger
man counter - offensive probably
would come from the north.
There was n<i promise of relief
for the landing forces from Lt.
Gen. Mark W. Clark’s main Fifth
Army, which for a week had been
stymied within the ruins of Cas
sino, 50 airline miles away. To
day’s advices said bitter house-to
house fightiny still was in prog
ress there, with the Germans lit
erally resisting to the death. Monte
Cassino, which rears just, north
west of the town and is the key
to its defenses, remained in the
enemy’s possession at latest re
port.
The Germans smashed at the
beachhead at six points yesterday
with their fiercest attack aimed a
British positions north and wes1
of Carroceto (Aprilia), 10 miles
due north of Anzio. Three thrusts
were made against American posi
tions west of Cisterna, Nazi strong
point on the Appian way 13 miles
northeast of Anzio. For the firs
time, the enemy also probed A1
lied defenses near the extremi
| ends of the beachhead, both abov<
l and below Anzio.
All attacks were fought off with
out serious loss of ground, but p.r
Allied spokesman acknowledges
that the beachhead ar a wholi
was on the defensive for the pres
ent.
(In Washington Acting Secretary
of War Robert Patterson said t'na
although the heaviest German at
tacks on the beachhead probabl:
are yet to come, “our men ar<
firmly established.” H- said thi
Nazis had accumulated a formid
able force and that their threa
was not to be minimized.)
a church may be used for thi
wounded.
One indication of Allied prefer
ences for taking Borne unscathet
is the fact that the city has no
been bombed from the air excep
for railroad yards and airports oi
the outskirts.
Hoover, if the Germans decidi
the city must be leveled behint
them as they depart—a decisioi
i they have made easily and fre
quently in Italy—then the questioi
of spending the lives of many A]
lied soldiers will become a part o
a difficult decision the Allied com
mander'must make.
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Return load from Chattanooga, Tenn. or Atlanta, Ga. by
February 24th.
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*
, OLD GLORY GOES UP ON ROI
i _ ^ .. ...• . ; .--r^'V*MM
^ ; s * ■ ,r :Miarir i ■! aiiiun—w III III ii ..
tl. S. Marines pause from their mopping-up operations to salute the flag as itffoes up on Roi
Island—the first pre-war Japanese territory to come under American control. In the background^
the wreckage of a three-story concrete blockhouse knocked out by the furious bombardment ol tne
Island stronghold and air base.—Marine Corps photo, from NEA Telephoto.___
Detention Home
Is In Spotlight
(Continued from Page One)
diet is served the inmates, ac
carding to the committee which
noted that buttermilk, rice and
beans were served yeserday at
lunch.
The report specifically stated
that there had been no heat in the
building for two days, the boiler
having been out of order.
Mr. Hewlett said that it had been
impossible to get a plumber to
make repairs immediately upon
their discovery.
The rooms have been lately
painted, according to the welfare
committee, and new blankets have
been furnished. Towels were sup
plied Thursday, only.
In the white girls’ building there
is no matron, no sitting room,
books, magazines or games, said
the report. The investigation re
vealed that no fire extinguishers
are available. There are no chairs
supplied and the building is un
clean.
The committee stressed that two
new buildings constructed with
WPA assistance are at present
unoccupied, and are used to store
coffins, peanuts, beans, hams, cots
and mattresses.
“Only a small amount of furni
ture would be needed to furnish
these very nice buildings,” the
committee stated. “Material faci
lities for adequate care are avail
able. Only adequate supervision
and supervisors and a few new
furnishings are necessary to cre
ate a juvenile home to which we
could look with pride rather than
I deep shame,” the committee stat
|ed.
It was disclosed at me nieeim*
Thursday, held In the Sorosis club
room, that probation officers in the
community are reluctant to make
use of the home in its present con
dition; that the structure is inade
quately heated without proper san
itation facilities, without proper
supervision, (;. negro woman i*
the custodian) provides no counse
lor, and has no plan for construc
tive recreation for the young per
sons confined.
The group admitted that the
county commissioners had made
recently some minor improve
ments in the juvenile home setup
but that "not enough has beer
done.”
“We must be realistic about the
situation,” said one member o‘
’ the group. "The juvenile home
| must be made decent. Altruistic
| theories about caring for delin
quents are very fine for future
"planning, but this is a probleir
that must be met now.”
I “The fact that the boys anc
, girls kept there have absolutely
. nothing with which'to occupy theii
time is one of the major faults o:
the institution,” another socia
; worker explained.
The comm’ttee named to draw
- up suggestions includes Miss Vir
i ginia Ward. Mrs. Herbert Blue
i thenthal, John Sheehan and Her
. bert Senna.
City Commended
At the same time the Welfare di
vision recommended action on th<
: home, -it heartily commended thi
city government for carrying ou
• the second of three recommenda
l tions on the juvenile program rec
- ommended by the group to thi
Board of County Commissioner!
1 on July 19, 1943 — that of ap
, pointing two additional probatioi
[ officers to assist the judge of thi
| juvenile court.
The three-point program laid be
t fore the county government las
. summer called for consolidation o
! the city and county juvenile court!
, and formation of a new combinet
court of domestic relations and ju
venile delinquency as soon as leg
islation permits, naming of the ad
ditional probation officers; am
major improvement of the pres
ent juvenile home pending con
struction of a new building. Onlj
the second point hsfs been actei
upon.
The recommendations of the wel
fare body have had the support o
the Kiwanis club and the Junioi
Chamber of Commerce.
In other action of the welfar
workers, Mrs. Helen Galloway wa
named secretary of the division.
: JUgular meetings were agreei
upon for the third Thursday c
each month, at 11 a. m. in the
Sorosis building.
Organizations represented in the
Welfare division of the Council of
Social Agencies include the De
partment of Public Welfare, Asso
ciated Charities, Salvation Army.
Board of Education, Junior Cham
ber of Commerce, Traveler’s Aid,
USO-Travelers-Aid, Army Emer
gency Relief, Red Cross, and So
rosis Child Care association.
Quartermaster Corps
Inspectors To Meet
In Charlotte Feb. 15
CHARLOTTE, Feb. 10. — (A>) —
Army quartermaster corps inspec
tors from the Carolinas, Georgia
and Florida will attend a confer
ence here Feb. 15-16, the Charlotte
quartermaster depot announced to
night.
Discussions will be led by Maj.
A1 Corbin of quartermaster inspec
tion service headquarters in New
York and Dr. H. P. Bachus, field
consultant of the quartermaster
general’s office in Washington.
-V-—
President Seeks
U. S. Owned Shops
(Continued from Page One)
President Roosevelt said tho
money also would continue needed
public works program- including
“essential services among which
are educational, health and child
care facilities.
Congress already has appropri
ated $350.f>noono for this work,
first authorized in 1940.
I .. ..... -
Slogan
WASHINGTON, Feb. 10—W
—The Treasury tonight passed
along this slogan suggesting
that money is better spent for
War Bonds than for merrymak
ing:
“War Bonds do not grow on
sprees.”
The department identified
the author as Edward Franz,
a one time New York newspa
perman who was badly wound
ed in the First World War and
since has undergone a long
series of operations resulting
from his wounds.
-V
Badoglio Given
Old Authority
(Continued from Page One)
gime in Italy had been abrogated
and that full civil and political
rights were to be restored to
jews.
The decree annulling more than
a dozen anti-semitic acts of the
Fascist rule will immediately af
fect not more than 1,000 Jews, as
the majority of Italy’s Jewish pop
ulation—never as much as 100,00C
— lives in the German-occupied
north.
Mason-MacFarlane said returr
of territorial administration to the
Italian government was “withou
prejudice to the rights which the
United Nations have under the ar
mistice,” but m-ant that Alliec
military government personne
would be reduced and woulc
change “from executives to advis
ers.”
City Briefs
STATE HIGHWAY PLEA
The State Highway Patrol
has issued a second plea to
motorists to remove old license
plates from vehicles and carry
1944 license tags on the rear
of all motor vehicles.
MARRIAGE license
Harlan P. Brede of Milwau
kee Wise., and Alice Price of
Pink Hill, N. C., received a
marriage license through the
registrar of deeds office in the
courthouse Thursday
EDISON DAY
The USO at Second and Or
ange streets plan to hold a
Thomas Alva Edison Anniver
sary celebration on February
18th, and extends an invita
tion to any interested person
who owns a cylinder disc pho
nograph of the old-fashioned
Edison type to attend the cele
bration, and demonstrate the
phonograph. The club is also
in need of a pressing iron for
use by servicemen and their
wives, and would much appre
ciate the donation of an iron.
ENGINEERS’ BARBECUE
The Wilmington District En
gineers and employees will
hold an old fashioned barbe
cue and dance Friday night at
6 p. m. at the garage building
of the U. S, Engineers yard.
RADIO THEFT
Leroy Robinson, employe of
Shoemaker Book Store, report
ed the theft of a radio from
the delivery truck while parked
in rear of 113 Market street in
Purcell alley about 1:15 p.m.
Thursday.
-V
Stale Has Passed
Two-Thirds Mark
In Sales Oi Bonds
WINSTON-SALEM, Feb. 10.—1UP)
—Sales to individuals in North
Carolina’s Fourth War Loan Drive
have passed the two-thirds mark
on the way to the quota of $70,
000,000, State War Finance Chair
man Clarence T. Leinbach disclos
ed tonight.
Individual purchases reported
thus far total $47,000,000 or 67 per
cent of the goal, Leinbach said.
Sales of Series E bonds — a
part of over-all bond-buying by ii>
dividuals — totals $26,200,000 or
59 per cent of the $44,000,000 ob
jective.
-V
Movie Comedian
Indicted By U. S.
(Continued from Page O.'.e)
fixed at $1,000 each, except for
Griffin and White, who were re
leased on their own recognizance
An official of the United State:
attorneys office said the maximun
sentence on all charges agains
. Chaplm if he were convictec
• would be Z3 years imprisonmen
and P26.000 fine. __
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Jtfjj
Climax Is Near
In Dnieper Bend
(Continued from Page 0*e)
firing lines in a last agonizing
struggle—repeating the same fate
ful pattern which a year ago pre
ceded the Stalingrad surrender of
what remained of Field Marshal
Gen. Friedrich Von Paulus’ sixth
army of 330,000 men.
The midnight communique, re
corded by the Soviet monitor from
a broadcast, said the Germans had
lost 10 more Junkers tri-engined
transport planes and fcUr fighters
in trying to supply the doomed
men. They were downed by Soviet
airmen guarding against parachut
ing of supplies. Much of these sun
plies intended for the Germans
were reported falling behind Su
viet iines.
Some 150 miles to the southeast
the Russians said one Soviet fo»
matlon of Gen. Rodion Y. Malin
ovsky’s third Ukraine • army had
killed 1.300 more Germans yester
day and captured a considerable
number in a steady push west of
Aoostolovo to outflank the iron city
of Krivoi Rog. The Russians In
this area were renorted more tnao
45 m'les west of fallen Nikopol on
tiie low Dniener river, where
thousands of- other Germans had
been decisively dMrated in opera
tions still not completed.
Hundreds of guns, supoly-laden
trucks and wagons, and other Axis
military equipment, were oeclare-i
swept up by the Russians under
Malinovsky and those under Gen
eral? Nikolai F. Vatutin and Ivan
S. Konev which are conductin ' the
liquidation of the Korsun trap.
Korsun. cn the Ross river 25
miles south of the middle Dnieper
river, was being hit by seven Rus
sian columns. One Soviet column
yesterday gained six miles from
Gorodishche, taken ’Wednesday, to
seize Zavadovka. a railway village
seven miles southeast of Korsun,
and other hamlets in-the area. An
other smashing .down from the
northwest took Nekhvorosch, the
same distance from Korsun. and
other villages in that area.
It was the Zavad<" t cp-tOT
where the Russian communique
said “our troops cut off severa1
German groups from the mair
enemy grouping and are wipinj
them out.”
Behind them, at the approaches
to and in the streets of Gorodische
Bishop Purcell
Appoints Dryman
CHARLOTTE, Feb. 10.
The Rev. F. O. Dryman. pas[
of the Weaverville Method^
Church, today was appointed p
tor of the Methodist Church ^
Franklin' by Bishop Clare pj
cell. He fills the vacancy caused
by the previous appointment 0f th
Franklin pastor, Dr. J. l gto' e *
II, to the pastorate of the tu !'
Methodist church at Elkin, S
Dr. Stokes succeeds the
Herman F. Duncan, who yesterda
was appointed pastor of the p;r J
Methodist Church at Asneboro 011*
ing the vacancy caused bv .a
death of Dr. M. T. Srmthers jpi! !
in a traffic accident Feb. 1, ’ ‘ ‘e“
The vacancy at Weaverville
be filled shortly, Bishop pu
said.
-V-.
ARRESTED
STOCKHOLM, Feb. 10 f
I our former members of the~\- 7
wegian parliament have been f'
rested by Quisling police, thef"
dish Norwegian press service
today in a dispatch from Oslo to
the Stockholm paper Dagens
heter.
region, the bulletin said 1,000 dead
Germans had been counted. Twer,
ty-four guns, 65 machineguns and
more than 1,000 trucks were cap
tured at that point, Moscow sad'
For the first time since the trap
was sprung on the Germans the
Soviet comm unique did not men
tion German counter-attacks in the
Zvenigorodka area, southwest oi
the Korsun pocket, in a Nazi at
tempt to break through. Presum.
ably the Germans outside now
have given up hope of reach™
the survivors. *
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