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lip.™* Mtlmitujtfltt iEontittg ""VOL. 77.—NO. 161___WILMINGTON, N. C., THURSDAY, JULY 27, 1944 FINAL EDITION ESTABLISHED 1867 -----~ & ~ How Robot-Weary Londoners Live Deep Under Ground ^ ^ & make themselves comfortable in a well-equipped shelter built in tunnels running beneath underground railways. There they ro safe from German’s robot bombs. Two such shelters are completed as part of a program that will provide sleeping quarters for 40,000 i muinrers U upper left, shelterers in sleeping quarters prepare for a night’s sleep. Lower left is the canteen cash desk where they obtain receipts for money spent in the shelter’s canteen. At upper right is a w ell-lighted hallway and an emergency stretcher. At lower right, young shelterers obtain their traditional tea at the canteen. (AP wirephoto)._____ ARMY - NAYY .‘E” FOR ETHYL ■ DOW Maj. John W. Thurlow, address ing the employes, officers and guests gathered at the Ethyl-Dow plant Wednesday afternoon to com memorate the presentation of the Army-Navy “E” award for pro duction, struck the key-note of the occasion when he said: ‘•To you in this gathering the "E" should be and surely is a matter of tremendous significance. It bears witness to the achieve ment and maintenance at t^is plant of a high production that de pends upon several important ele ments. The first of these. is the harmonious relationship, the fine teamwork, between manage ment and labor of the Ethyl-Dow Chemical company. The absence of any work stoppage in the rec ord of the plant's production is but one of the facts that give eloquent testimony as to just how close this labor-management team work has been.” Robert Strange, who acted as master of ceremonies, pointed out that whereas civilians know very little of what actually goes on at the plant, because its operations are necessarily secret in this war period, its reputation is a matter of national standing, and the “E” award was won in stiff competi. tion. G. E. Cantwell, manager of the plant, accepting the award, paid high tribute to the men who had made its bestowal possible. "In the successful prosecution of a war,” he said, "there must be two armies—the fighting army at the front and the production army at home.” Eighty-four of the plant’s work ers have been called to the armed service—one killed in action, one a prisoner of war, several dis charged because of wounds, —he announced, and added: ‘‘The rest of us have taken our position in the production army, and are re ceiving the Army-Navy award for excellence today in recognition of the job which we are doing as production soldiers.” For himself and the working force he added: "We accept this award with humble pride. Our "■irk and efforts will continue until this war is won and our men re turn home.” Following Mr. Cantwell’s accep ‘ance address, Mr. Strange pre sented Lieut. John M. Wilson, of (Continued on Page Six; Col. a; 17 CARIBBEAN STORM IS BREAKING UP MIAMI, Fla., July 26.— UP) - A tropical storm which headed ov er the Caribbean sea toward Ja maica was reported by the wealth er bureau late today to have showr 5‘gns of breaking up. "Reports at 2:30 p.m. from the storm area show an extensive ares °f squalls with winds of 40 mile: an hour around the western tip of Haiti and 100 miles southwarc and eastward,” said a 5 p.m. ad vis°ry. ‘‘but no definite center o: circulation can be looated. it is possible that the small cen er was broken up against t h < mountains of western Haiti. "However, caution should hi continued in the Jamaica area ant eastern Cuba until further notice.’ hi a morning advisory the bur cau :I;icl noted some indication o i- wane winds. 75 miles an hou: °r more. Vinson Rejects Appeal For 2-Cent Leaf Hike WASHINGTON. July 26—(AO—Ec j onomic Stabilization Director Fred M. Vinson today rejected appeals 01 flue cured tobacco growers and warehouseman uor a 2 cent a pound increase in 1944 ceiling prices. Vinson notified a group of more than 30 tobacco men' representing the five flue cured producing states it was his “filial decision” that tile ceilings announced last week —39 cents for loose, ungraded to bacco and 43 1-2 cents for graded and tied leaf—would stand. The tobacco man maintained that ceilings of 41 and 54 1-2 cents, recommended by them at a meet ing with the Office of Price Ad ministration here in March, was the minimum acceptable to them. Standing by their guns, the group shouted down an offer from Vinson, if they would accept the lower figure, to sign a supple mental order allowing a one-cent per pound “leeway” on the Geor gia-Florida markets, w'here practi cally the entire crop is sold loose and ungraded, to be “balanced off” under the ceilings in the middle and old belt. “That would do nothing in the world but add confusion to dis satisfaction,” sad H. L. Wingate, of the Georgia Farm Bureau and cnairman of the delegation. Immediately after receipt of Vin ron’s final word, the tobaccomen caucused and decided their next step would be to learn from Gov ernors Olin D. Johnson of South Carolina, J. Melville Broughton of North Carolina and Colgate W. Darden, Jr., of Virginia, how far those executives would go in back ing them up to keep the due cured markets closed “indefinitely.” The attitude of the three cheif executives will determine further steps, they said The Georgia - Florida markets were due to open Monday, but a holiday of at least five days was ordered pending outcome of this week's appeal. In the discussions here, the to haccomen have insisted that the markets would not open until they got what they asked for. Government officials were re ported meanwhile as feeling no g'eat concern over the threat of delayed openings of later markets, although they agreed some dam age might result to tobacco await ing sale in Georgia and Florida auctions. » ____ ENEMY ACTIVE IN NEW GUINEA ADVANCED .ALLIED HEAD QUARTERS, New Qyinea, Thurs day, July 27—UP)—Small Japanese patrols are trying to break through American lines across the Drini umor river on the Aitape front in British New Quinea, headquarters announced today. The Japanese attempting to break westward out of the posi tions in which they have been trapped in the Wewak area are probing the American southern flank, headquarters said. Far to the west in northwestern Dutch New Guinea, fighter planes and patrol torpedo boats raised havoc with the Japanese base of Manokwari, damaging barges, fuel dumps, trucks and bivouac areas. Manokwari is on the New Gui nea mainland 50 miles west of American - occupied Noemfoor is land. Bombers from the southwest Pa cific area smashed the airdrome and supply areas at Woleai island (Continued on Page Six; Col. 4) NEW ZEALANDERS NEARING FLORENCE ROME. July 26—MP)—Spearhead ed by New Zealand veterans of Cassino, Eighth Army Forces smashed today within eight miles of the open city of Florence, which v.-as expected to fall without a struggle once its outer defense were breached. (The Berlin radio said July 1 that Adolf Hitler had declared Florence an open city to protect i it,3 “irreplaceable cultural values,’’ j and there has since been no report ! of Allied planes having attacked ti.e city’s rail vards.) New Zealand tanks and infantry^ stabbing forward five miles in two days of bitter fighting against Na I parachute troops, were reported closing on the highway town o. San Casciano, less than eight miles south of Florence. Other Eighth ar my columns advanced steadily a ong a 30 - mile front below th city, renowned as the birthplace of modern art. (A German military commenta (Continued on Page Six; Col. 6 BYRNES SEES NEED FOR QUICK ACTION i SPARTANBURG, July 26—MV- j James F. Byrnes, director of war mobilization, said here today tha ! the turn of events in Germany has made it imperative that Con-' gress give immediate considera tion to demobilization legislation. In an interview, he said that “no one can tell what is really taking place inside Germany, but there is one thing certain—any i thing can happen and we must be ! prepared. t “We have gone as far as we can by executive order in carry , ing out the demobilization recorri : mendations of the Baruch-Hancoek 1 report.'1 He added that he had communi cated with the majority leaders of the house and senate express ing the hope that as soon as con gress reconvenes they can obtain action of two bills, one providing for disposition of surplus property and the other setting up machinery for converting from war to peace production.” Byrnes asked those on the home front not to falter in their job, saying: “Hard and bloody fighting is still ahead of us. Even if Germany! should collapse this fall, we still have Japan to lick. We cannot; lessen our war effort at home until the last bullet is fired.” _\t_ Mother Of Ten Children Sponsors Shw Launching WARSAW, July 26—Mrs. Blooney Hertford Wiggs, mother of 10 chil dren, five of whom are in the armed forces, acted as sponsor of the SS Atakapa at the ship's ! launching July 11 at the Charles ton Shipbuilding and Drydock Co., Charleston, S. C,. Yoeman Second Class Dixie Har riet Wiggs, daughter of Mrs. Wiggs who acted as maid of honor at the launching is stationed with the Waves in Washington. D. C.. in ■ the Navy Department. R. C. Wiggs RM, first class who is serving with the Sixth Naval District in Charleston, is a pre-Pearl Har bor man. Also in the Navy is ARM Second Class Cecil H. Wiggs. now reported missing, who is in the Naval Air Corps. Represent ing the Army in the family are' Sgt. N. L. Wiggs of the Army Air Forces in Nebraska, and Cpl. D. N. Wiggs, who is at Camp Hood, ) Texas. 3 Democrats, 1 Republican Defeated For U.S. Senate Associated Press Staff Writer Senators Ellison D. (Cotton Ed] Smith of South Carolina, 79 - year old senate dean and bitter foe o; President Roosevelt, and Hattie W 1 Caraway of Arkansas, only wom an Senator, became the third anc fourth members of that branch t< fail of renomination, nearly com plete returns from Tuesday's pri maries showed yesterday (Wednes day). ! Both are Democrats. First Def.r | ocrat to become a primary fatali | ty was Sen. D. Worth Clark o: j Idaho, defeated in June by Gle? I Taylor, cowboy, radio minstrel 1 and shipyard worker. The lone Re I publican defeated so far is Rufus C. Holman of Oregon, who lost to \ Wayne L. Morse, former war la-] ! bor board member. ■ Politicians in Washington differ-1 ! ed over the effect Smith’s defeat might have on the southern ‘re ■ volt” against the President’s re - election. Some said the thumping ■ victory over Smith and three oth ers by Gov. Olin D. Johnston, ' 47 - year - old Roosevelt supporter, might slow up the anti - Roose : velt elector threat in Texas. Mis sissippi and Louisiana. Others be jlievedit would have no effect. The latter said Smith would have been retired six years ago if he had not been able to raise the cry that the administration was trying to “purge” him.' Mrs. Caraway, A senator since. 1931, was defeated in a race topped by Rep. J. W. Fulbright, 39 - year - old former university president who attained national attention by sponsoring the first peace - preservation resolution to pass either house of Congress. Ful bright will face a run - off on Aug ust 8, since he failed to get a ma iContinued on Page Six; Col. 1) AMERICANS BREAK GERMANY’S MAIN LINES WEST OF ST. LO; REDS OUTFLANKING WARSA W - +-' SEEK BRIDGEHEAD WEST OF WISLA Eight Major Armies Gain Rapidly On 800-Mile Airline Front LONDON, Thursday, July 27. — (/P) — Russian troops, laving reached the Wisla (Vistula) river on a 30-mile front in Central Poland, fought today for bridgeheads on the western bank which would outflank Warsaw, 57 miles to the northwest, and place them across the last large natural defense line guarding Germany, 140 miles away. While these sagging Nazi de fenses on the Wisla underwent the scourge of Marshal Konstantin K. Rokossovsky’s massed forces, the north Baltic front split open with Soviet capture of the Estonian ci ty - fortress of Narva and neigh boring towns on the south shore: of the Gulf of .-Finland, and the Germans and their Hungarian pup pets in the south reeled back intc the Carpathian mountain passe.' below encircled Stanislawow anti Kolomyja on the routes to Czecho Slovacia. Along the fiery fronts, 800 air line miles iong, more than 50( towns fell to the Russian assault it was announced by the Sovie; midnight communique and two or ders of the day by Premier Mar shal Stalin. Stalin’s order announcing cap ture of Narva was followed on thi Moscow radio by the Estonian an them, and his second order, or capture of the fortress of Deolm on the east bank of the Wislr* by the Polish national anthem. Soviet - raised Polish forces numbering about 100,000 were par ticipating in the battle in centra Poland which posed perhaps th( gravest of the jnany perilous pros pects confronted by me Germar command. Eight great Red Army groups were carrying the main weight oi the tremendous offensives which, besides ground gained had doom ed the German garrisons of Stan islawow. Lwowo, Brest Litovsk Bialystok, Daugavpils (Dvinsk) and ‘probably also Kaunas. Those cities once represented a line o1 formidable defenses ranging along the entire front, but Russian en circlement and annihilation tactics had caught them tight. The Germans made these grave admissions: They were retreating in the North Baltic; the Russians were striking east and northwest of Kau nas, Lithuania, with 'major infan try’and taken forces;” and the Hungarians have been pushed back to the west and southwest, creating ‘grave danger for the towns of Stanislawow and Kolomy The Germans did not admit any large withdrawals on the Kaunas front, where they are reported tc have reinforced their stiff defense with the 214th infantry division re> cently in Norway, but acknow ledged that Riga, Latvia, was with in reach of thA Russians, now less than 70 miles distant after having encircled Daugavpils and cut tne railway to Riga. _V Foe Turns Pisa Tower Into Machinegun Nest; May Have To Blast It an AMERICAN COMMAND POST NEAR PISA, ITALY, 26—Iff)—The enemy has in stalled an observation post in the world-famous leaning tow er of Pisa and has heavily fortified the city, forcing the Fifth Army to consider firing upon it as it did the Cassino monastery to prevent further danger to doughboys, officers said today. Up to now, that historic build ings and monuments might be spared, no artillery fire has been directed against the city. But with the machine - gun mortar and self - propelled rocket fire being poured across the Arno river upon American ..positions in the southern stc-.. tion of the city. Major Ar'bur Peterson of Indianapolis, a di visional artillery officer, de clared: “If it becomes enough of a ..military objective to outweigh.. nub’ic onb’inu, we will hav* to fire upon if.’* Marines Mount To Top Of Tinian’s Highest Peak, Hold Advantage ABOARD EXPEDITIONARY FORCE FLAGSHIP OFF TIN IAN, Marianas Islands, July 26. — (July 25 U. S. Time)—(./P)— (via Navy radio)— American Marines, counting almost 100 slain Japanese for each of their own dead, captured the high est peak on Tinian island to ashore. Seizure of the 561-foot Mt Lasso gave the invaders a van tage point a third of the way southward from Tinian’s nor thern tip, nctvr which they first landed. Since the first waves swept in on two narrow beaches ear ly on the morning of July 24, the Marines have captured 3 1-2 miles of Tinian’s 34-milf coastline and knifed inland through two miles of (Can brakes. They have ample el bow room to mount an attack of the same scope that early this month destroyed an enemy garrison twice as large on near by Saipan island. (Continued on Page Two; Col. 2) ALLIED BOMBERS POUNDING REICH j LONDON, Thursday, July 27 — : UP!—Allied bombers were sweeping over the Reich early today from virtually every direction, the Ger man radio reported, in what ap peared a continuation of the gigan tic three-cornered blasting Nazi strategic targets have been given j on preceding nights. ; Various German broadcasts told : of the approach of formations of i bombers over East Prussia, the Kiel bay, western, nrthwestern and southern Germany as well as the lower Danube region.. These reports indicated that the Russian and Mediterranean air forces were in action again as well as the RAF’s night armada opera tion from Britain—all aiming at shattering key industrial and com munications targets on the German | home front. !j This coordinated aerial assault already was believed to have in iflicted a heavy toll on the Nazis. : _!_v_ MONEY CONFEREES SETTLE OWN BILLS WASHINGTON, July 26— m - ’ The state department said today | that each nation represented at the j recent United Nations monetary ! conference at Bretton Woods, N H., footed his own bill. The only Expense incurred by the United States, a department ' spokesman said, was for room j space used as offices by the Amer I ican delegation and the secretari ! at. “The rooms used by the Ameri j can personnel for living quarters were paid out of their per diem allowances,” the state department said. “The space occupied by the del egations from the other countries for their living or office quarters was paid for by those countries.” The department said the total cost to the United States for the space occupied by its delegation for office quarters and the sec retariat was a “miniite fraction of the ’alleged total of $300,000.” -V j Inquest Of Case Involving Dr. Shaw Is Postponed The inquest scheduled to be held last night at Burgaw into the death of a young woman on whom Dr. Colan Shaw of Atkinson is charged with performing an abortion, was postponed to a later date. The reason ascribed to the de lay is that the doctor at Duke hospital. Durham, who examined the victim, had failed to return to the coroner a full report of his findings, and the case was there fore not ready to be presented to the jury. BATTLE ON GUAM GOES FAVORABLY U. S. PACIFIC FLEET HEAD QUARTERS, Pearl Harbor, July 26 —(/P)—American assault forces or Guam, holding about 12 miles o: the central western coastline, bat tied for important installations to day At the same time radio Tokyi reported an American carrier tasl force struck at Palau, east of th< Philippines, and that an Allied flee again bombarded Sabang harbo: on Sumatra. The attack on Palau, if confirm ed ,would be the second by sucl an American force on that enem; stronghold 500 miles from the Phi lippines. The first, last March 29 dealt heavy damage to Japanesi shipping and aircraft. The attack on Sabang, reporter in a Japanese communique broad cast by Tokyo, had not received A1 lied confirmation. Sabang, at thi western end of Sumatra, was firs hit by an Allied fleet last Apri 19. Marines and doughboys of th< third amphibious corps on Guam al ready had the assurance of thei: commander that victory was theirs After inspecting the frontline, Maj Gen. Roy S. Geiger said “there’; nothing the Jap can do now to rui us off.” -V COMMONS DEBATES ROBOTS IN SECfiEl LONDON, July 26. — (JP)— Thi House of Commons went into ai impromptu secret session today t< disquss flying bombs after a nigh in which the Nazi robots batterec at London and southern England a regular intervals. Two patients were killed and 25< escaped injury when one of th( missiles hit a hospital in southerr England early today. Today’s secret session was brought on when Capt. Alec S. Cunningham-Reid, who had a till with the government last week with persistent questions about ro bots, raised the question of “the urgent necessity of adequately dealing with looting from the pre mises damaged by flying bombs.” in Prime Minister Churchill’s speech on the robots on July f he rejected all proposals for a sec ret discussion. Since then, howev er, there have be%n insistent de mands in Parliament for more in formation. -v— Harbor Islanders Asked To Take Papei To Roger s Harbor Island residents, learn ing that scrap paper would be col lected at Wrightsville Beach or Friday by members of the Ser.oi Fraternity, asked the Fraternity to stop at their homes at the same time. The collectors have announced they cannot “cover” both, areas the same evening, but if Harbor Island folk will take their scrap paper to Roger’s store on Friday afternoon they will pick it up in passing. GAIN ON 20 - MILE FIRE-SPRAYED LINE Tanks And Infantry Pierce First And Second Foe Defenses In France SUPREME HEADQUAR TERS ALLIED EXPEDI TIONARY FORCE. Thurs day, July 27.—(iP)—A great combined American Tank and infantry assault smashed through the German first' and second defense lines and into rear artillery positions west of St. Lo Wednesday, scoring gains up to five miles deep through a four-mile wide breach in the Nazi po sitions. At least. 14 town§, includ ing two important road junc tions, tell in the drive, which outflanked the stubborn Nazi line running northwestward to the coast. 1 The new push in its scored day : v as “marked by a precision and : cooperation among armored infan ; tiy, artillery and air units hot reached by any American Army thus *ar in the war,” Associated L Press Correspondnet Wes Gallag . her wrote from the front late last . night. , The Americans cut the highway ! from St. Lo to Coutances near St. I,o and made iheir deepest inland 1 penetration of il.e invasion, leav ’ ing in their ware uncounted dead ' and captured of the badly - mauled ‘iftazi 353rd infantry and third par J achute divisions. The assault, with doughboys rid . ing tanks into battle like cowboy* . on steel ponies, breached the ene* • my line between St. Lo and Per* . iers, badly mauhng two enemy di ,! visions in a hailstorm of tank fire, ; bullets, artillery shells, and bomba i frc m the sky. li mreaienea 10 dox in anu rorco withdrawal of the Nazis fighting desperately to nold the line to the r northwest from Periers to Lessay, near the coast. The American First Army was ; attacking all aiong a 20 - mile 1 front from Leasey inland—in its 1 biggest blow since Cherbourg and ■ possibly since L-Day — and the breadth and nice indicated at least a corps was in action. (An Army Corps is at least two : divisions and probably more.! The U. S. armored fist crashed through the outar crust of German defenses, and in flaming street battle against Nazi Panzers includ ing giant 52 - ton tanks captured Marigny, road junction town scv. en miles west ci St. Lo and just above the St. i o-Coutances high way. Three miles nearer St. Lo, other elements seized St- Gilles astrid* that main lateral highway. Marigny’s fall put the American* v'ithin 10 miles of Coutances, large German rearline base near the western coast. Lessay, the ene my s present western anchor, is 12 miles due north of Coutances, and U. S. assaults there today could gain only 100 to 200 yard* against fierce German counter-at tacks. Any drive down Ihe Coutances. ; St. Lo highway apparently would force the enemy t.o retreat from, nis Lessay - Periers position or ‘face entrapment In their breakthrough, hard-hit Png American Snerman tanks and their "cowboy infantry” who leap ed from the armored vehicles and i knocked out Nazi guiiposts, cap. i titled at least a dozen other vil. ages, and sent back baltle-srtunned (Continued on Page Two; Col. 1), United States Scores Argentina’s Attitude By JOHN M. HIGHTOWER WASHINGTON, July 26. —fJP)— The United States tonight denounc ed Argentina for ‘‘deserting the l Allied cause” and decisively re jjected all suggestions that it negot iate with President Edelmiro Far rell’s regime on re-opening diplo matic relations. Instead it recom mended to all united and associat ed nations the diplomatic isolation of Argentina. The denunciation apparently was without precedent for bluntness and strong language. It was issued by the State department after Secre tary of State Hull had consulted for several weeks with other Ameri-! can governments. Copies wer4 sent to all the American governments except Argentina. A department official said there was “virtual unanimity” among those governments in supporting the principles laid down by Hull for continuing non-recognition of Argentina on the ground of deser tion. One or two, it was said, have not given endorsement yet but are expected to do so The extent of support for contin ued non-recognition of the revolu tionary Farrell regime is regarded by Hull as of utmost importance since Farrell and his officials have hoped that if they failed to get United States recognition they would be able to pe suade other nations, particularly those in South America, to break away from thf policy. Asked whether the reinforced di plomatic policy might be followed by economic sanctions, a high of ficial said that question had no| been taken up yet. The American declaration assert ed that Argentina had taken ”tw« steps which have resulted in tr« mendous injury to the Allied cause:” “1. It has deliberately violated (Continued on Page Six; Col. •)
Wilmington Morning Star (Wilmington, N.C.)
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July 27, 1944, edition 1
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