FORECAST ^ --- umuujtmt fuurnutg m<xr ™* VOLj7~~NQ- 317----________-WILMINGTON, N. C., SATURDAY, JANUARY 27, 1945 FINAL EDITION Senate Commerce Group Rejects Wallace; Russians Or Capture 381,330 Nazis; German Resistance West Of Roer Collapses Push Reaches Danzig, Seals East Prussia Germans Claim That Red Army Now Is 91 Miles From Berlin ' LONDON, Saturday, Jan. 27—(/P) -The Soviet High Command an nounced last night that the Red Armv has killed or captured more than’ 381-330 Germans in its two weeks-old winter offensive, which yesterday rolled on unchecked through the big industrial city of Hindenburg in Silesia, reached the DanZig Free State frontier, and cut off East Prussia with a thrust ti the Baltic coast. From 20 to 25 Nazi divisions — perhaps 200.000 Germans—now are trapped in East Prussia. Outflanking Poznan, big Polish stronghold, the Russians also cross ed the Warta river 10 miles south of the city and speared to within 136 miles of Berlin with the cap ture of Mosina. This wras the clos est approach to the Reich capital yet announced by the Soviet com mand. r .North of Poznan the Kussians took Rogozno. only 20 miles from the German frontier and 140 miles northeast of Berlin; other units striking toward the coveted Reich capital from the southeast in Sile sia were only 143 miles away. A special Russian communique announced the staggering losses in flicted on the Germans in the gi gantic offensive between January 12, when it began at the Vistula river bridgehead below Warsaw, and January 24. Moscow said that five Russian armies had killed more than 295. 000 Germans in that period and captured 86,330 and also had de stroyed or captured 592 planes, 2, 995 tanks and self-propelled guns, 7.932 guns of all calibers. 7,386 mortars. 20.019 machineguns, 34, 019 trucks as well as vast quanti ties of other war material. The Germans said without So viet confirmation that other Rus sian units had raced around both B sides of besieged Poznan on the I direct route through western Po B land. stabbing close to' the Brand B “Tourg province frontier. The near B est point to the German capital on M this border is 91 miles due east. 9 On the loth day of their power II ful winter offensive the Russians gl were reported to have driven clos B er to the rim of besieged Breslau, ■ Silesian capital, to have crossed H the upper Oder river defense line ■ and broken into Brieg^ on the west ■ hank 22 miles to the southeast, and ■ to have fought their way into B Beuthen_ five miles east of fallen I mndenburg. whose normal popu ■ latl™ is 126.000. fl Moscow radio said that Breslau, B '-“'many’s eighth city and the ■ enter Reich’s ninth, had been R. -elated with the Russians cut B , a" direct communications in-' IB ailh a'so said that the Oder ■ 1 -vor had been crossed at several 8 Lillis. The banks of the Oder swiftly ?re becoming the scene of the lost “attle of Germany as the Red Ar approaches the inner heart of ,;he broadcast added, merlin said Russian troops in orthern Poland had crossed the ::,v '' west- of Bydgoszcz ,l ’otrbergi, indicating that Mar Anv,. K;l0' s T'irst White Russian .. •' u,lits now were sweeping ■;«-;nw;nd into the Polish Corridor n , en ihe salient between the y irr.an homeland and the cut-off inkers province of East Prussia. •4 ~U,n' Vistuia river stronghold . s southeast of Bydgoszcz, . aurrounded, Berlin said. The ni datK Visiaula river commu ; C, ,0'. centers oi Chelmno, Grud »ort. and Marienwerder to the I were being attacked as the Bj,airatns burled the enemy back /be river and sought to the east ° the *5°lds*1 eorridor from Premier-Mai-shai Stalin announc ed 4-bn!l'anl new gains of the W,„ ,rr'v as Moscow’s 224 guns I, 11 mg V'ctory salvos. Serena mi da-'shal Rokossovsky’s irokc ,JV'li:e. Russian Army which <er to the Danzig bor :ircie p the Baltic coast to en Konioth ast Prussia and threaten ^higsberg, lts capital! frc>Tn the Rus-'‘ah spearhead captur es th. I'm"V " 1 ,own of Marienburg, tl - 0!Ut !iver border of Dan fc. V ltory. ^4 miles southeast oi "V fest « Danzig. King Reported Ready For General Election In Canada Parliament OTTAWA. Jan. 26.— ♦A*) —Prime Minister W. L. Mackenzie King has made a “practically final’’ de cision to dissolve Parliament and call a general election in Canada toward the end of March or dur ing the first week of April, the Ottawa Journal said today. Such a step would be an indirect result of Canada's conscription problem. Although King has stat ed frequently that he did not want to hold a general election during the war, recent developments have altered the situation. After surviving the conscription crisis of last November, the King government decided to seek a seal in the House of Commons for its new defense minister, General A. G. L. McNaughton, in a by-elec tion in the Ontario constituency of Grey-North on February 5. The two leading opposition parties, the Progressive Conservatives and the Cooperative Commonwealth Fed eration, decided to contest the election. The deadline for withdrawing from the contest is next Monday. Both opposition parties have indi cated they intend to stay in the lace. ANTI-HONLAW BATTLE LOOMING Southern Senators Want to Prove Government Master Of Labor WASHINGTON, Jan. 26.—CUP) — The work-or-jail bill goes before the House for action next week facing what some Southern Democrats promised would be a stiff fight to append an anti-closed shop amend ment to demonstrate whether the Government or unionism is "mas ter of this country.” Insistence that the May-Bailey bill be amended so that a man drafted for war industry could be forced into a labor union against his will, came from two Southern Democrats, Reps. Eugene E. Cox, Ga., and Howard W. Smith, Va. Both have been prominently identi fied in the past with legislation de signed to curb labor's powers. They served their warning as the House rules committee—Cox is act ing chairman and Smith a mem ber—gave the measure a green light for floor consideration. Cox and Smith said they would support the bill but that they would wage a stiff fight to have re-instat ed the controversial Andrews anti closed shop amendment deleted during final consideration by the House Military Affairs Committee. The bill is designed to bring into war plants those men between 18 and 45 who are not pow directly aiding the war effort. Those who refused the direction of their local draft boards into specified plants in their own or other areas would face up to $10,000 fine, five years’ imprisonment, or both—the same penalty exacted from violators of the Selective Service law, U. S. Reported Victor In Big Naval Battle Chinese Agency Claims 50 Jap Ships Sunk In Pacific PEARL HARBOR, Jan, 26. — (UP)—The Chinese press reported today, without confirmation from any official source, that units of the American and Japanese fleets fought a major naval engagement Tuesday in the East China Sea 300 miles from Shanghai, and that 50 enemy vessels have been sunk off the Central China coast during the past fortnight. Sao Tang Pao, Chinese army newspaper published in Chungking, said the naval engagement, de scribed as the biggest since the second battle of the Philippines last October, lasted nine hours. Japanese forces broke off the battle at noon, the newspaper said, and fled toward their homeland, approximately 650 miles to the northeast. Although the Chinese reports drew no response at Pacific Fleet Headquarters, observers pointed out that surface naval actions are not announced here until battle re ports arrive. The news from China, plus recent carrier raids on Formosa, Ryuky us, the Indo - China and China coasts lent emphasis to Fleet Ad miral Chester W. Nimitz’ avowed intention of carrying the war to the enemy during 1945. Central (Chinese) news agency reported in a dispatch datelined Nanping that Allied submarines and planes, conducting a "very ac tive” campaign have sent 50 Japa nese ships to the bottom off the coasts of Fukien and Chekiang province in the last two weeks. Central said recent repeated Al lied bombings have forced the Jap anese garrisons at Amoy, Foochow and Quemoy to move to the sub urbs of the cities, and to remove their arms and supplies to places of safety. There were other indications of Japanese fears that the Allies may attempt a landing on the central China coast. Japanese civilians have been concentrated at Amoy, a Fukien port south of Foochow, presumably to await evacution, Central reported. Sao Tang Pao said the naval engagement began at 3 a.m. (Chi na time) off Yungkai (Wenchow) and Pingyang on the China Coast I some 250 miles south of Shanghai and 200 miles north of Formosa. The newspaper said gunfire was audible at Pingyang. In Chungking, a Chinese military spokesman said the Japanese were increasing the strength of their garrisons at several Central China coast cities, and were attempting to overrun American and Chinese air bases in southeast China, just ibehind the coast line. Reds Accused Of Failure To Aid Warsaw Patriots By ROBERT DOWSON LONDON, Jan. 26.— (UP) —The first survivor of last summer s tragic rising of Polish patriots in Warsaw to reach London today ac cused the Russian army — then drawn up across the almost dry Vistula — of abandoning its offen sive against the Germans when the insurrection broke out inside the Polish capital. Lt. Jan Nowak, the man whc carried the orders for the upris ing from London to Warsaw, said the Polish patriots, led by Gen. Bor (Tadeusz Komorowski), begar their fight through “unimaginable hell” when the rumble of Russiar artillery fighting the Germans easi of the Vistula echoed through Warsaw last August 1. Russian pa trols, he said, had actually reach ed Praga, Warsaw suburb on the Vistula’s east bank. “From 8 p.m. August 2 until on Russians captured Praga on Sep tember 10 after two days of fight ine ” Nowak said, “there were n< shots fired on the Russian fron and no Russian planes seen b: us.” Russian planes made no at tempt to intercept German bomb er* which frequently attacked thi city during August and no attempt was made by the Russians to sup ply the patriots by air, he charged. The only direct ground support, he said, were four companies of the Russian-sponsored Polish army of the Lublin group sent across the Vistula after the capture of Praga. Nowak, appearing at a press conference sponsored by the Po lish Ministry of Information, said a Russian intelligence captain named Konstanty Kalugin appear ed in Warsaw about the time of the uprising. Kalugin, who had been operating behind German lines, told Bor that his own radio tranmritter, was broken and he asked that a message be sent to Marshal Konstantin Rokossovsky over the Polish radio beam to Lon don. The plea for help was sent and subsequently relayed to Moscow, a fact confirmed at the time by Gen. Kazimierz Sosnkowski, then commander in chief of the Polish armed forces, and Gen. Sir Alan Brooke, chief of the British gentr al atalf Japanese Guns Shell Yanks At Clark Field First Real Enemy Resistance Encountered About 50 Miles Above Manila; No New Advances By U. S. Reported GEN. MACARTHUR’S HEAD QUARTERS, Luzon, Saturday, Jan. 27.— (UPl—The Japanese are offer ing their first determined opposi tion to the 18-day-old American southward drive on Luzon toward Manila less than 50 miles above the capital, and are shelling Clark Field, great air base now in Ameri can handt, from the neighboring hills, Gen. Douglas MacArthur dis closed today. After reporting only patrol brush es with the Japanese in the march toward Manila, MacArthur’s Satur day communique said in the area of Maj. Gen. Oscar W. Griswold's 14th Corps, “our units are encount ering resistance south of the Barn ban river.” Tlie Bamban. which lies above Clark Field, intersects Highway three, one of the two main routes from the north into Manila, at a point about 50 miles above the cap ital. American patrols yesterday were reported to have entered An geles, 43 miles above the capital on this road, and to have pushed within 40 miles of Manila, but to day’s communique gave no reports of additional advances. . In the hills southwest of the town of Bamban, five miles above; Clark Field, American units were ferreting out Japanese artillery and machineguns shelling the field. MacArthur’s communique gave no hint as to the size of enemy forces concentrated in this hilly country or whether the Japanese were stiffening for an all - out battle in defense of Manila and southern Luzon. On the left flank, where fighting has been harder than in the center (Continued on Page Two; Col. 7) Many Civilian Employes Will Be Needed At Davis Several hundred jobs for civilians at Camp Davis will be opened for application after February 7, it was, announced yesterday by Peter A. Reavis, supervising interviewer in charge of the Grace Street office of the United States Em -----—A SHORTAGE OF COAL CLOSES SCHOOLS IN NORTHEAST STATES WASHINGTON. Jan. 26.— OP)—A coal shortage so severe it closed some schools and threatened more brought drastic fuel limitation orders today for homes as well as amusement places in the winter struck Northeastern states. The Solid Fuels Administration specifically denied that it was or dering closure of any schools, C. J. Potter, deputy administrator, saying its order “does not contem plate the closing of any schools if they have coal or can get coal. If they have ample fuel, it would be silly to shut down.” But Mayor Frank S. Harris in Albany, N. Y., ordered schools as well as libraries, museums, night clubs, theaters and bowling alleys to close Sunday until further notice. And Potter’s telegram to city officials in Washington, D. C., St. Louis, and 16 states and part of another east and south of the Great Lakes said: During xne emergency period these officials are also urged to do everything within their power to curtail or eliminate the use of solid fuels in places of amusement such as theatres, moving picture houses, bowling alleys, night clubs, and in educational institutions such as libraries, museums, schools, and in any other building, public or private, where this can be done without endangering the health of the community.” His apparent intent was to leave the degree of fuel curtailment in such places up to local decision, based on the availability of sup plies. The order from Secretary Ickes, solid fuels administrator asked close controls over home deliveries in the area affected by a storm caused embargo on non-war rail road freight. The rule was no de liveries to anybody having more than five days supply, and then only one ton or seven days supply. The closest controls over such deliveries announced immediately were in Quincy, Mass., where May or Charles A. Ross ordered all coal pooled and distributed, a hundred pounds to a customer, from police headquarters. -V Thomas J. Pendergast, Kansas City Political Boss, Is Dead At 72 KANSAS CITY, Mo., Jan. 26.— (UP) — Thomas J. Pendergast, whose great political dynasty which ruled Missouri for years collapsed around his head when he went to jail for income tax evasion, died tonight. He was 72 pioyment service, ne maae the statement on behalf of the United States Service of fice and the Army Air Forces civilian personnel branch as well as his own organizations. Among the categories of workers needed will be included clerks, stenographers, typists, truck driv ers, carpenters, plumbers, electric ians, hospital orderlies, mess at tendants and laborers, both white and colored. Before February 7, on which date Air Force officials expect to re open the post’s civilian personnel office, some few Civil Service em ployes now on their terminal leaves may be called. All employment of civilians for work at the newly activated Air Forces Redistribution Center and Convalescent Hospital will bei handled by the U. S. Civil Service office in the customhouse, after clearance through the U.S.E.S. The first contingent of station complement military personnel, numbering perhaps 500 of the total of 5,000 who will man the post eventually probably will arrive next week, it was predicted yesterday by Maj. Earl Otis, provisional com mander of the advance detail sent to prepare the camp for occupation., No date has been set yet for the arrival of the thousands of officers and enlisted men, recalled from service overseas for redistribution and re-assignment within the Unit ed States, or of the additional thousands of Air Forces personnel wounded or taken sick abroad and sent home for convalescence and reconditioning. _v_ Col. Roosevelt’s Record In War To Determine His Promotion, Senators Say WASHINGTON, Jan. 26.—(UP)— Col. Elliott Roosevelt’s nomination to be a temporary brigadier gen eral will be considered on the bas is of his military record without reference to the high priority plane ride of his dog, Blaze, it appeared today. Chairman Elbert D. Thomas (D Utah) said the Senate Military Af fairs Committee would take up the Promotion of the President’s son Tuesday. He observed that El liott's military record “is very fine so far as the Army is con cerned,” and said the promotion would be considered on its merits. A Military Affairs subcommittee, investigating air priorities, will look into the matter of Blaze’s “A” priority trip later in the week. “I don’t think there will be any connection between the two,” Tho mas said. Sen. Styles Bridges, (R-N. H.) member of the Priorities subcom mittee. agreed that the nomination should be handled on its merits. He said that “priority abuses is an entirely different matter.” » Seventh Army) Erases Foes Alsace Gains Allies Take Up Assault Positions 25 Miles From Dussseldorf PARIS, Jan. 26.—(#)—AH German resistance collapsed today west of the Roer river system at the gate way to the prize Ruhr industrial valley and the U. S. Ninth and British Second Armies — with 35 miles of the Westwall behind them —seized assault positions only 25 miles from Dusseldorf. The Ninth broke a six-week lull and pushed to the Roer on a five mile front a the U. S. Seventh Army far to the south threw a new German drive into reverse, erased ali its northern Alsation gains and lifted the threat to Strasbourg by oriving the enemy back across the Moder river. By nightfall the fightng had dwindled to sparodic machine and rifle fire along the entire 20 mile front. The U. S. First and Third Armies crushed virtually the last of the Ardennes wedge in Belgium and Luxembourg. The Third Army pushed eastward to a number of points where the enemy’s December offensive kick ed off, movecTIt's lines up to within a mile or two of the German fron- ’ tier along most of the Luxembourg front, and put five divisions on a ridge - top highway overlooking the Westwall. nm_tv_L A__ tured five more towns and edged eastward within two and a half to five miles of Germany against such light resistance that it was asserted officially that German troop shifts to meet the Russians definitely had relaxed pressure in the west. In southern Alsace, French and American troops of the French First Army fought into Houssen, three miles north of Comar for the closest approach yet made to that stronghold in the Rhineland pocket. Other ground lost to coun-' terattacks in this area was rewon. On the front ijorth of Aachen, Lt. Gen. William H. Simpson’s Ninth Army in a pre - dawn at tack found the Germans had pull ed out west of the Roer and reach ed the river 11 miles inside the Reich with such ease that a sche iuled artillery barrage was can celled. At the same time, Scottish pa :rols of the British Second Army mopped up the remainder of the sector to the north all the way to ;he stronghold of Roermond, where ;he Roer joins the Maas. The combined action gave the Ulies a firm hold on the west oank of the Roer and its tribu taries from Roermond more than 35 miles southward on a giant arc to the area of Monschau. Roermond is 27 miles northwest af Aachen and Monschau is 19 miles southeast of the city. Behind them was a 35 - mile stretch of the Siegfried line, with its pillboxes and rows of concrete iragons teeth by which the Ger mans had hoped to balk any drive from the west along the historic invasion routs to the Reich, ■ REJECTED Henry A. Wallace aPASCHEDULES POINT VA ITY Each Block Of Stamps To Be Good Four Months Under New Plan WASHINGTON, Jan. 26. — (JP) — Acting to allay fear of another sud t’en invalidation, the OPA today set forth for housewives a definite policy on cancellation of food ra tion stamps. Hereafter, the agency announc ed, red stamps for meats and fats and blue for processed foods will expire four months from the date of issuance. This replaces the pro gram of indefinite validity for these coupons which had been in effect since last spring. Sugar stamps also were given fixed expiration dates again. Num ber 34, now in use, will be invalid after January 28. The next sugar stamp, number 35, will be valid after January 28. The next sugar stamf), number 35, will be valid February 1 for five pounds and remain good tnrougn June a. sugar stamp number 36 is scheduled for validation May 1. OPA will continue to validate a new series of red and blue stamps at the start of each month, usually five of each color at a time. Since they will be good for four months, this means that four blocks of each kind always will be in use, expiring on a staggered basis. The first red and blue stamps ;o expire under the new system will be those which came into tse December 1 and 3, respective y. They will not be valid after Vlarch 31. They include: Red—Q5, R5, and So; Blue—X5, ¥o, Z5, A2, and B2. The new policy clears up uncer :ainty which has prevailed since iate last month, when OPA invali dated without warning all food stamps put in use prior to the start of December. Housewives have been promised advance warning of any cancella :ion, but the agency said the em srgency measure was warranted oecause food supplies were at a dangerously low level. The new program, OPA said, was I (Continued on Page Two; Col. 3) | -— j Plan To Take RFC From Job AlsoApproved Roosevelt Handed Double Rebuff On His Politi cal ‘Reward’ WASHINGTON. Jan. 26.—(UPj —The Senate Commerce Commit-, tee, handing President Roosevelt one of the sharpest rebuffs in his 12-year administration, today vot ed against his nomination of for mer Vice President Henry A. Wal lace to be Secretary of Commerca and approved a bill to keep the vast lending powers of the Recon struction Finance Corporation and associated agencies from falling into Wallace's hands. The double rebuke to Mr. Roose velt’s political "reward” appoint ment was administered at a two hour closed session of the com mittee which voted 14-to-5 against the nomination and 15-to-4 in favor of the bill to separate the Govern ment’s multi-billion-dollar lending agencies from the Commerce De partment. Completing its humiliation of the President and Wallace, the com mittee rejected by an ll-to-6 vote a motion by Wallace-supporters to place the nomination before the Senate without any recommenda tion. As a result, the nor-ur, uot: will go before the Sens e \v 1; notation that it had received m "adverse” report from the 'urn mictee. Chairman Josiah W. Dailey, D., N. C., said that both the nomina tion and the bill by Sen. Walter F. George, D., Ga., would be placed before the Senate Monday, but he declined to predict when the Sen ate would act. The committee action was at least a temporary triumph for Wallace’s No. one enemy — Jesse H. Jones—who was fired by Mr. Roosevelt to make way for Wal« lace. Jones appeared before the committee Wednesday and testi fied that he believed Wallace in competent to handle the two job* which Jones himself has admin istered jointly since 1942. Wallace told the committee Thursday that he was qualified ta handle both jobs, but said he would take the Commerce post with or without the lending port folio. The adverse action on the nom ination came as somewhat of • surprise since it was believed that it would be approved if the com mittee approved the George bill. Seme construed the votes a* double insurance by Wallace foe* against any effort to hand him control of the lending agencies^ one of the chief reasons behind the opposition to making him Secre tary of Commerce. ii me lenuing agunuca oic arated from the Commerce De partment, it is believed that much of the opposition to Wallace's cUn* firmation to the caninet post will evaporate — despite claims by some opposition forces that they have enough strength in the Senate to beat Wallace either way. Anti-Wallace strategy apparent ly is to hold up Senate action un til it is certain that nothing will happen to the George bill. The measure seems certain of passage in the Senate. But if it is beaten in the House or vetoed by Mr. Roosevelt, the Wallace opposition then apparently would call up the committee’s “adverse” report on the nomination and thus seek to deprive Wallace not only of the lending agency post but the Com merce job as well. So intense was interest in the battle over the Wallace appoint ment that all 19 members of the Commerce committee participated in the voting. Republican members lined up solidly against Wallace on all three votes. They were Sens. Hir am Jonson, Calif.; Arthur H. Van ienberg, Mich.; Owen Brewster. Me.; Harold H. Burton, Ohio; Alexander Wilpy, Wis.; Edward V. Robertson, Wyo.; Guy Cordon, Dre., and C. Wa.vland Brooks, 111. They were joined by Democrat ic Sens. Bailey, N. C.) George L. Radcliffe, Md.; W. Lee O’Daniel, rex.; Pat McCarran, Nev.; Albert 3. Chandler, Ky., and John L Me Continued on Page Two; Col. SI a Lennon Urges ‘Caution In LeGrand Opposition Extreme caution in any attempt to "embarrass” Rep. J. Q. Le Urand in his support of the City extension bill before a State Legis lature committee this week was jrged last night by leading spirits in an anti-extension meeting of the Suburban Association. Alton A. Lennon, member of the Association’s action committee formed in September to work for “the best possible” bill, reported for the committee ar.d went on to point out to his hundred listeners :hat their best chance to defeat ex ;ension would come in the special election which must be held to make or break it. A premature attempt to sabotage it before the Assembly committee n Raleigh probably would result, ie warned them, in a completely successful fight by Mr. LeGrand to rush it through the Legislature without further ado. He reminded them that LeGrand was backed by a “thunderous majority”, awarded him in an election in which exten sion featured as a leading issue. Even success in stopping passage of the bill in its present form, Mr. Lennon explained, might be tragic for the opposition, since it might result in re-submittal of two bills, each dealing with a single suburb, and in separate elections which the suburbanites could not hope to win. With both suburbs voting in a sing le election, he said, and with most of the population of the present City abstaining, out of indifference, the southern and eastern areas well might emerge victorious and un-annexed. Tire Association’s action com mittee, he said, could be credited (Continued on Page Two; Col. 8)

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