Newspapers / Wilmington Morning Star (Wilmington, … / March 7, 1945, edition 1 / Page 3
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yi^AJlied Task; Cerman Rivers Form Maze Qf Natural Defense Lines xhl. National Geographic B} Society uotween the Allied forces on the B ;orn and Eastern Fronts, Ger West ■ -re and small rivers , I,ianLi' ."formidable network of sorest w„,ral fortresses. r’r rma ■ is one of the best‘wa' of the world's big countries. i neacetime its long rivers, to infhpr jh innumerable branches *e , extejv=ive canal systems, car a nne-f.fth of the country’s traf f When ’he war came, the Nazi ® vernin. ’.t ordered still more wa f,r borne transport to relieve rail «s especially in the shipping of Inantitie' of army materials. To ’ the Reich’s intricate water si's'respmbling on the map a cobweb, serve to hold up ?‘d entangle, at least temporarily, the Allied advancing forces. ,n the rewinning of Europe, an important part already has been i,.yed bv even minor rivers, 'hose names are found only on large-scale maps. Deeper penetra tion of the Rhineland, for example hich had been slowed up under ,ie threat of Nazi-controlled wa te-s of the Roer, finally was made possible when the Yanks captured the Roer river dam southeast of Aachen. If was not achieved, how ever before the Germans had loos ed a flood downstream by blowing ud the dam gates. On the Eastern •front lately, such sub-defense • jines as the Bober and Neisse riv ers have been prominent in the news. In yet uninvaded territory, the Allies sometimes have turned Ger many's own rivers against her. Tins" happened dramatically in 3943 and '44. when R.A.F. flyers bombed the Eder, Mohne, and Rhur river tributaries, causing floods that devastated vital indus trial and farming areas. The major rivers of Germany are the Rhine. Elbe, Oder, Weser, and Ems, flowing northward to the North and Baltic Seas; and the Main, Danube, Isar, and Inn rivers crossing inland central and southern regions. The Rhine extends for more than 800 miles from Switzerland to Rot terdam in the Netherlands. The El be is more than 720 miles long from its source inside Bohemia. The Oder is about 550 miles; the Weser 280, and the Ems 200. In southern Germany, the German part of the Danube is about 790 miles long; its tributaries, the Isar and Inn, about 220 and 320 miles respectively. The Main is 302 miles. Many more rivers now separate Berlin "from the Western than from the Eastern Front. Reading the map from west to east, the Rhine, Ems, Weser, and Elbe are rough ly parallel obstacles facing Amer ican. British and Canadian forces. In the east, the Oder was the only major river inside Germany prop er that barred movement toward the Nazi capital. Neweleared in many places by the Russians, it is only a little more than 30 miles northeast of Berlin, at its nearest point. The rivers of central and southern Germany present the strategist with entirely different geographic problems. Instead of parallel barriers against east-west advances they offer possible cross-country corridors. The broad valley of the Danube, for instance is an old invasion route from the southeast. The Isar and Inn val leys are side roads leading from the Danube to important centers of Nazi life. Munich', birthplace of the Nazi movement, is situated on the Isar. The Inn river valley is a natural path southward through the mountains to the Brenner Pass and Italy. In central Germany, the Main winds generally westward to meet the middle Rhine at Mainz. So far, Allied drives inside Ger many have been directed against the rivers of the north, where the German capital and chief produc tive centers are found. Germany’s leading industrial areas lie along or near the Rhine and Oder rivers. The Ruhr concentration of mines and factories, turning out iron and steel, chemicals and synthetic oil, covers a broad region straddling the Ruhr river, a tributary of the lower Rhine. The Saar district is west of central sections of the big river, but connected with it by several streams. The Silesian area, in the southeast corner of Ger many lies on both sides of the upper Oder. During the war, it was developed as an arsenal rank ing after the Ruhr in essential pro duction. With this convenient location and length, the Rhine and Oder were especially valuable as traffic lanes for Nazi shipping. Set along the Rhine are such important river ports and industrial centers as Karlsruhe, Mainz, Cologne and Du isburg. In the adjacent Ruhr val ley, Dortmund, Bochum, and Es sen are among leading heavy-in T-i o m n e Along the Oder, similarly im portant cities—Oppeln, Breslau, Frankfurt and Kustrin—were aids to Nazi power before the recent Russian offensives in this regiofis. The flat and rolling North Ger man riain, largely open .country, affords little in the way of natural defense, except the Ems, Weser, and Elbe rivers, all flowing into the North Sea, west of the Danish peninsula. Only the Oder has Bal tic Sea outlet, at Stettin. On the North Sea coast of Ger many are the nation’s leading sea ports, Hamburg on the Elbe, and Bremen on the Weser. Less-signi ficant Emaen lies near the estuary of the Ems, with the big naval base of Wilhelmshaven not far away. The Kiel Canal cuts across the Danish-German peninsula to the northeast, with the Kiel base at its terminus. All of these sea ports, like the chief river ports of Germany, long have been under heavy bombing attacks. , Berlin itself is both an over load and water-transport center. One hundred miles from the Bal tic, it is on the Spree river, near the stream’s junction with the Ha vel, which in turn flows into the Elbe. Reaching Berlin, as well as many otner leading industrial ci ties, the Midland Canal, opened in 1938, unites a vast network of Ger man rivers by a cross-country channel. This and other canals link the Rhine and the Oder. AIR BASE MEMBER WINS SILVER STAR The Silver Star, highest military award ever presented to a mem ber of the armed forces at the Army Air Base, Bluethenthal Field, was given to T-Sgt. Kenneth P. Easterday yesterday by Col. J. C. Shively, commanding officer, in a ceremony at base headquar ters. Sgt. Easterday, now a radio op erator at the Air Base, received the award for gallantry in action while serving with the 344th Bom bardment Squadron, 98th Bom bardment Group, as radio opera tor-gunner during an American B-24 attack on an enemy airdrome in Italy. He was hit in the knee by a shell fragment during a bombing run through heavy, accurate antiair craft fire, but, although seriously wounded, he continued to repair a damaged waist gun and return ed to his station. He then helped beat off an attack by fifteen en emy aircraft for thirty minutes after leaving the target, and re fused medical attention until his airplarie and fellow crew mem bers were safe. As expressed in the citation re ceived from Headquarters, 15th Air Force, “Sgt. Easterday, by his steadfast devotion to duty in spite of his wound, and his cour age and skill under fire, together with his splendid combat record of over fifty missions, has re fleeted great credit upon himself and the armed forces of the Unit ed States of America.” This young Bluethenthal airman was an apprentice machinist be fore joining the Army Air Corps, and lived with his mother, Mrs. Anna Easterday, in Cherryville, Pa. t t I • CUT HERE • • • • • • • • • • • • Quick Loaf Bread • ^4 cup sifted flour • • J'/4 teaspoons Rumford 9 Baking Powder • ^4 teaspoon salt • • 1V4 cups whole wheat flour ^ 1 cup corn syrup • % cup milk • • Ye cup chopped nut meats q (optional) Sift together flour, baking pow- • • tier and salt. Mix with whole • w w heat flour. Blend corn syrup k andmilk.addtodryingredients c w and mix well. Stir in nut meats, H 1 if used. Bake in a well-greased t. loaf pan in a moderate oven j* = (350° F.) for 1 hour and 15 „ u minutes. Cool before cutting. m • DON'T TRIFLE WITH TASTE! • • Safeguard the fine flavor of this • f recipe—use Rumfoid no-alum _ Baking Powder. * • • • • • • • • • • • e- • * • & • * • CUT HERE • • • • I Investment Opportunity MONTHLY INCOME $255*00 Earnings Over 20 Per Cent * Two large buildings consisting of 18 rooms, or five apartments built in garage. Completely furnished, in cluding private bath in each apartment, gas stoves, electric refrigerators, silverware, inlaid linoleum, hot water system, china ware, have been occupied year around, total rent $255.00 a month. Buy direct from owner—no realtor’* commission to pay—Can be seen. Write W. B. PBIDGEN ram. DELIVERY CAROLINA BEACH, N. C. MRS. MORTON GETS ) CROSS POST Rapidly nearing completion of preliminary work in its effort to raise $88,000, the Wilmington Red Cross War Fund campaign head r, tevs announcerd yesterday that Mrs. Julian W. Morton will act as chairman of the New Hanover county division. Assisting Mrs. Morton are Mrs. E. A- Shands, Audubon; Mrs. D. C. North, Brookwood; Mrs. George A. Applewhite, Carolina and Kures Beaches; Mrs. A. Ludeke, Castle Hayne; Mrs. Leo Sykes, Chestnut Heights; Mrs. G. B. Phillips, Colonial Heights; Mrs. Winder Hughes, Country Club Pines; Mrs. C. F. Jones, East Wilmington road; Mrs. Harry Solomon, Forest Hills’ Mrs. William Head, Greenville Sound; Mrs- Rufus LeGrand, Masonboro Sound; Mrs. G. Colucci! Harbor Island, assisted by Mrs E M. Shepherd; Mrs. Ralph W. Smith, Kenwood avenue; Mrs. p. R. Mason, Middle Sound; Mrs. M. S. Emm art, Myrtle Grove; Mrs. Harry -Stovall, Oleander; Mrs. J. M. Johnson and Mrs. G. D. Moore, Oleander Court apartments; Mrs! W. K. Land, Princess Place; Mrs. Pecil T. Lewis, Sunset Park; Mrs. W. F. King, Winter Park, Piney Woods and Pine Grove; Mrs. B. M Washburn, Wood Crest and Glen Arden; Miss Madeline Trask, Wrightsboro; Mrs. J. E. Canady, north end of Wrightsville Beach; Mrs. J. R. Robinson and Mrs. En nis Robinson, south end of Wrights ville Beach; and Mrs. Haskell Rhett, Wrightsville Sound, Seagate and Bradleys Creek. Offcials said that the above named women are to organize their own committees as soon as pos sible and report to Mrs. Morton when they are ready to begin solicitation. Canadian War Production May Depend On British, U. S. Plans, Officer Says OTTAWA, March 6—(IP)—A muni tions department spokesman said today reduction in Canada’s war production after the collapse of Germany might vary from cuts made in United States and United Kingdom programs. Reconstruction Minister Howe said at a press conference yester day that Canada’s production would be cut back 35 per cent in the interval between the defeat of Germany and the end of the war with Japan. This reduction was in line with what was expected in United States and the United King dom, he added. Today, a departmental official said differences in the emphasis of the Canadian and American pro grams might result in considerable variations in the program changes. LONElUPERFORT BOMBARDS TOKYO WASHINGTON, March 6.—(UP) —Single American Superfortresses last night bombed Tokyo and Wakayama, the Osaka-Kobe reg ion and the “vicinity” of Nagoya, all on the home island of Honshu, the Tokyo radio reported today. The broadcast, reported by the Federal Communications Commis sion, said a lone B-29 came over Tokyo about 7 p. m. and dropped a “few bombs” which caused no losses. The other areas were hit for about 40 minutes but only slight damage was said to have been caused. The last major raid on Tokyo was on March 4 when a large force of the 21st Air Force Super forts, flying from Mariana bases, hit industrial targets. a St. John’s Tavern 114 Orange St. Dial 2-8085 DELICIOUS FOOD Chicken In The Rough — Friday CIGARET MARKET CASE BOUND OYER Three Negroes, who allegedly took six cases of cigarets from an Overnite Transportation Co., van parked at the foot of Parsley street in the Brooklyn section, waived examination yesterday in Recor der’s court on charges of breaking and entering and larceny and re ceiving, and were bound over to Superior court in default of $1,000 bond each. The men, Edward Brown Samp son, 31, of 410 Nixon street, Tom Simpson, 24, of 705 Harnett street, and Joe Bozier, 28, of 913 Murphy alley, reportedly sold the cigarets by the carton to passerbys- Bozier also waived examination on a bur glary charge, on which no bond I was set. He was specifically charged with burglarizing the home of Anna Walker, 911 Murphy alley. Edward J. Dozier, Negro, 20, ar rested by Sheriff’s deputies for al legedly taking a suit of clothes and two shirts from 211-H Worth drive, Marfitt Village, was found not guilty on a charge of larceny, but was sentenced to 60 days on the county farm, for receiving stolen goods. ^oYou KnowPl irritation of pimples, externally I caused, can be auickly relieved I and healing aided by daily use of I RESINOL o'ntment / | I iL i ii ■ ♦ ' . s rr oi® IHOMPSOKf JL BRAND ' | BfentobMislnnj ! Blended Whiskey 86.8 Proof —65% Grain Neutral Spirits GLENMORE DISTILLERIES COMPANY Incorporated FJ LOUISVILLE. KENTUCKY WE TURNED j] THIS PLANT 1 UPSIDE DOWN! This Atlantic plant produces alkylate—on% of the high octane ingredients of aviation gasolines. Research has tripled production: there in a matter of months. It was done without enlarging the plant. It did involve turning the plant upside down. Here was the situation: more and more alkylate was needed for more and more combat fuel. . . and the increase had to be achieved with little or no new equipment. Atlantic's scientists knew that output could be stepped up by crowding more feed-stock into the plant. But experiments showed that this meant a serious ' slump in anti-knock rating of the alkylate. It also meant high consumption of strategic chemicals. Engineers rose to the emergency . . . sparked the upside down idea. They reversed the pumps . .. sent the reacting mixtures in the opposite direction . . . stood the operation on its head. Of a dozen novel improvements, this was the most important. Bottlenecks were eliminated by a change here, a change there, as other tinkering proceeded. All contrib uted to holding quality at the same level while pushing through more feed . . . multiplying production by three. Straight ingenuity won this victory—the ingenuity of Atlantic's research staff. It's working for you now to help win battles. It will be working for you tomorrow, bringing you finer petroleum products than you have ever known. 25 YEARS’ PETROLEUM PROGRESS SINCE PEARL HARBOR 11B M m& BMbB 111S i | I 111 M I * *v •r 111 ■1 gs*®? f/A > • PROMPT J SERVICE ► ► • FREE INSPECTION • NO RATION CERTIFICATE NEEDED r Packed With Extra Power for Quick Starting I A _ Timfont! STANDARD , BATTERY 7.95 JS*. < Buy the Standard Battery * for dependable, economical, trouble-free service. Fil-O- < Matic covers. -- ► y - Smoother Performance! > POLONIUM ' SPARK ' PUI6S 59® * InSatjof I 4 or Moro y You get a hot spark at lower voltage, which means * quick, easy starting. > Commands the Road! ; 5.45 Twin ‘ Trumpet Horn 1 Deep-tone blast horn. Homan gold metalustre fin > lsh. Built-in relay. KEEP YOUR | MOTOR OIL CLEANI OIL FILTER CARTRIDGES , 69° up They'll prolong the life of your car. Fit most filters. < Keep It Shiningl < Paste Auto Wax or Cleaner < 39%. Stakes old cars look new < . . . preserves and protects finish of newer cars. < A aA 8 North Front Street Phone 6671 litm to tio Voict' It Kwtom miry Month) mmint, oom N. B. C
Wilmington Morning Star (Wilmington, N.C.)
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March 7, 1945, edition 1
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