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—- ' ~~r"————— State and National News j
VOl^^0- 121_ ______' _WILMINGTON, N. C., TUESDAY, MARCH 20, 1945_ _ ESTABLISHED 186T
Third Army Threatens To Trap 80,000 Nazis;
Americans Invade Panay, Drive On Iloilo;
Yank Carrier PL fies Attack Kobe And Kure
- *___---.. ______
Losses Light
In 25th Isle
Taken By U.S.
JJany Sections of Island
Already Cleared By
Guerrillas
MANILA, Tuesday, March 20.—
(J,—Fortieth Division infantrymen
aider Maj. Gen. Rapp Brush, with
Nava! and air support, invaded
panay island in the central Philip
pines'Sunday and rapidly closed
jn on the capital city of Oloilo.
The landing, on the southeastern
shore, was made with practically
no ioss. Gen. Douglas MacArthur
said m his communique today,
again achieving “complete tacti
cal as well as strategic surprise.”
This was the 25th Philippine in
vasion and the seventh of major
importance.
me lames went asiiuie at xig
bauan. 14 miles west of Iloilo, and
immediately drove inland four
miles to Cordova and eastward
along the coast seven miles to Oton
halfway to the capital city.
"They are rapidly closing in on
the city," MacArthur reported.
Many sections of Panay had
been well cleared by guerrillas,
including parts of the southeast
shore where the Yanks poured
ashore. One Panay guerrilla leader
was Tomas Confesor, new Secre
tary of the Interior in the Philip
pine Cabinet. He was the former
governor of Panay.
Associated Press Correspondent
Tied Hampson reported Filipinos
crowed the beach to welcome the
Americans.
The invasion was the first direct
action to break the Japanese hold
in the bypassed central Philip
pines. It was designed in part to
clear shipping routes which pass
ed close to Pariay airfields.
Iloilo is the outstanding port
of the central Philippines and has
an important airfield nearby. The
capital has a population of 90,000.
A headquarters spokesman said
the troops encountered a small
enemy force on the road before
seizing Cordova.
Correspondent Hampson said fil
e’s flew at low level over the
country behind the beachhead
searching for enemy positions they
might strafe, but found none.
The invasion was not preceded
'ey the usual naval bombardment,
although cruisers and destroyers
stood by if needed. Rocket ships,
too, were ready.
The amphibious operation was
executed by the 40th Infantry
Division, originally the California
'NTn t! <-,v, ^ kiUU n Vrtrlr
regiment added. The 40th was
in the Luzon campaign in January.
Rear Adm. Arthur D. Struble
commanded the amphibious move,
designed t0 clear the huge archi
pelago of Japanese hindering free
movement of shipping.
The landing beach was 180 miles
vest of the original Philippines
invasion beach on Leyto, and is
2’0 miles south of Manila.
Pansy. bombed frequently by
heavy bombers, was an ominous
threat to the convoy route to
American-held Mindoro and Luzon
"Rile Japan still had strength in
the Philippines. Ships passed w:#h
in siolet of the triangular island.
* small-scale operation, oth
'■ American troops landed the
same day. Sunday, on Malanau
island, south of Zamboanga at the
southwestern tip of Mindanao.
MacArthur announced gains on
. Luzon fronts and another heavy
*lr ra'd on Baguio, summer capi
tal {,f the Philippines and sup
posed Philippine headquarters of
Japanese Lt. Gen. Tomoyuki
Tamashita.
MacArthur reported that recent
topping up operattens in the Zam
oaies mountains along Luzon’s
nJ‘’,hwest coast resulted in an
additional 2,654 Japanese- dead.
ne 38th Division has been en
gaged in the grim cleanup job in
'e mountain area generally west
^captured Clark Field.
/o the east., the 25th and 32nd
unions were converging on
“aiete Pass, which leads into the
'§ Cagayan Valley, against in
m eas',u:j opposition. Aircraft lent
ct'se support.
0l1 Mindanao, the 41st Division
ank'- with tank support, steadily
xpanded their positions north of
?on' ‘r*r,<l ic and Pasonanca, and
. dead were found abandoned
^ die enemy.
Navy Silent
On Results
Of Assault
Fleet Units Carry Raids
Into Second Consecu
tive Day
U. S. PACIFIC FLEET HEAD
QUARTERS, Guam, Tuesday,
March 20.—W—Carrier planes of
an American task force, attack
ing Japan for the second straight
day, raided Kobe and Kure on
Honshu island and other enemy
installations around the inland sea
Monday, Adm. Chester W. Nimitz
announced today.
The carrier planes, which had
swarmed on Kyushu island, south
of Honshu Sunday, attacking in
strength estimated by Tokyo at
1,400, dealt the second day’s as
sault on the same day that more
than 300 Superforts dropped 2,500
tons of incendiaries on Nagoya,
Japan’s third largest city.
In hitting Kobe, the carrier
planes pounced on Japan’s largest
shipbuilding city and port while
it still was smouldering from the
2,500 ton incendiary attack made
Saturday by the B-29s. Kure is a
Japanese naval base.
xne communique suppuea no
details on results accomplished
by the carrier’s Hellcats, Helldiv
ers and Avengers either Sunday
or Monday.
The inland sea of Japan is a
lifeblood artery through which
Nippon moves vital supplies from
Korea, Manchuria and China to
the homeland.
Kure, Japan’s most important
naval base, is 200 miles west of
Osaka, another city hard hit by
tt)e Superforts.
Today’s communique reported a
continuing search for enemy
snipers on conquered Iwo and air
raids on the Bonins, the Kuriles,
the western Carolines, the Palaus
and the Marshalls.
The one-two punches of the car
rier planes and the Marianas-bas
ed B-29s came at a time when
Tokyo radio broadcasts made it
clear so many Japanese are flee
ing their cities that evacuation
problems have gotten out of hand.
A Tokyo broadcast Monday ap
pealed to authorities in Shizuoka
prefecture southwest of Tokyo to
'promptly supply foo<J to these air
raid damage victims even though
they may not possess air raid
damage certificates but as long as
they are recognized as people fall
ing in this category.”
The broadcast, a domestic one,
also gave instructions for helping
“those who have alighted frcVn
trains” in finding lodging and
food.
A communique issued at U. S.
Pacific Fleet headquarters here
confirmed the Sunday raid on
Kyushu air fields by “a strong
force of carrier aircraft.”
Vice Adm. March A. Mitscher’s
carrier task force—which raided
the Tokyo-Yokohama areas Feb
ruary 16-17 and again February
25-26—was undoubtedly still rang
ing south of Japan.
Some 350 of the Marianas-b3sed
Superfortresses, the largest fleet
yet in a ten-day series of massive
incendiary blows at Japan’s in
dustrial heart, participated in the
new Nagoya raid.
Enemy Dooms
Own Men In
Span Blasts
American Planes Rain Hail '
Of Death Into Ranks ,
Of Germans i
PARIS, Tuesday. March 20.—OF)
—Three rampaging U. S. tank divi
sions of the U. S. Third Army,
racing up to 15 miles through the
toppling Saarlancr, thrust within
14 miles of Kaiserslautern yester
day in a bid to crush 80,000 en
emy' troops in a giant vise and
paralyze any attemted German
stand east of the Rhine.
Many of these badly-needed Ger
man troos were doomed when the
enemy blew two Rhine bridges at
Mainz, 12 miles in front of yet an
other armored division, the U. S.
Fourth, which set the stage for
the Nazi debacle with a break
through along the Rhineland plain.
Two thousand more Germans
were trapped in the western Saar,
and hundreds of others were driven
to their death in a rain of steel
from thousands of U. S. warplanes
flailing every avenue of retreat.
Guns and tanks were abandoned
and scattered along the line of
flight.
Already driven more than half
the Saarland and Palatinate—
their last holdings west of the
Rhine—and routed from their final
foothold in northeastern France
by the U. S. Seventh Army, the
Germans were faced with even
greater peril to their vaunted
Rhine line farther north.
The U. S. First Army east of
the Rhine struck northward more
than two miles, reached the plains
leading to the Ruhr at two points,
and enlarged its bridgehead to 18
miles wide and eight miles deep.
Opposite the Ruhr itself, the U.
S. Ninth Army cleared the way*
for a possible Rhine cross!ng by
ordering German civilians evacu
ated from the west bank cities
of Uerdingen, Homber, Ossenberg,
Orsoy and Rheinhausen.
With fighting manpower more
urgently needed at home, the Ger
man high command was report
ed giving up long-held positions
in Hollond north of Nijmegen be
tween the Wall Rhine and Neder
Rhine. Allied patrols reached the
Neder Rhine and saw few Ger
mans in their path.
The U. S. Seventh Army was 14
miles from a junction with the
Third Army in the heart of the
Saar Basin after breaking clear
through the Siegfried Line east of
Saarbruecken. Such a juncture
would seal off Saarbruecken, the
capital, and most of the basin’#
steel mills.
As the Seventh Army moved
into Germany on a 60-mile front,
tne £rencn £ mn urmoreQ divi
sion on the east flank invaded Ger
many near the ^hine and captur
ed Scheibenhard, 10 miles west of
another enemy escape hatch at
Karlsruhe. This was the first time
French units had invaded Ger
many since their homeland fell
to the Germans in 1940.
American troops a few miles to
the northwest fought three miles
into Germany north of captured
Wissembourg, and battled Ger
man tanks in Ober Otterbach.
Lt. Gen. George S. Patton’s Fly
ing columns, engulfing 30 more
towns, were bringing blitzkrieg
warfare home with a vegeance to
the country which gave it birth.
The Third was traveling on the
treads of enough fast-rolling tank*
to fill seven comlete armored
divisions, while overhead fighter
bombers were pouring bombs, bulf
lets and rockets on the enemy.
The Fourth Armored Division,
capturing Bad Krueznach. raced
eight miles east of the shattered
Nahe river line toward Mainz.
Kaiserslautern, a traffic city of
61.000 through which passes nearly
all roads to the Rhine, was in the
path of the Tenth, Eleventh and *
new and as yet unidentified Ar
mored Division.
Swinging eastward and south
eastward almost shoulder to shoul
der, these hard-hitting outfits all
were about 14 miles west or north
vest of the city.
The 11th Armored Division cross
ed the Nahe river in a 15 mile ad
vance, and linked up with the un
identified armored division in th*
vicinity of Merzweiler, 14 mile*
northwest of Kaiserslautern.
(Continued on Page Two; Co^ *)
Plasma At Front
An Army medic connects trans
Cusian tubes to bottles of freshly
"nixed blood plasma at an advanc
sd station on the Western Front.
Plasma, processed from blood do
nated through the American Red
3ross, provides another vital link
from the home front to the men
in khaki.
City Council
Election Set
Primary Slated For April
23; Final Vote For
May 8
A primary election of City Coun
cil nominees was ordered for April
23 by the present City Council
and the City Board of Elections
at a special meeting yesterday.
The munieipal election, at which
time five members of the City
Council will be chosen from the
list of primary nominees, will be
held May 8, it was announced.
During Tne joint meeting, Er
nest Beale and Robert Strange
were named to the Cfty Board of
Elections by the Council. Ex-officio
members of the board are August
L. Meyland. clerk of court; Adrian
B. Rhodes, register of deeds; and
H. G. Carney, chairman of the
County Board of Elections.
The registration books will be
opened at 9 a.m., March 31, and
closed April 14. They will be avail
able at the polling precincts in Wil
mington township under the same
conditions as used by the County
Board of Elections.
All persons previously registered
on the present general election
books for Wilmington township and
who have not changed their places
of residence are eligible to vote
in the primary and regular munic
ipal elections without further reg
istration.
Any person having moved from
one ward or precinct to another
and having resided in another ward
or precinct for a period of four
months will be required to regis
ter in the ward or precinct to
which he removed. The person
also will be required to first secure
a removal certificate from the reg
istrar of the old ward or precinct
to the registrar of the new ward
or precinct.
The deadline for those desiring to
file for candidacy was set for 6
p.m. April 13.
The present City Council is com
posed of Ronald Lane, mayor; Ed
gar L. Yow. R. S. Romeo and Gar
land Currin.
Food Shortage
Probe Slated
By Congress
Republicans Attack Ad
ministration View On
Farmers
»
WASHINGTON, March 19.—(U.f»)—
Congress moved in on the increas
ingly serious food shortage situa
tion today.
The Senate voted unanimously to
investigate all phases of food pro
duction and distribution. It au
thorized 55,000 for the inquiry by
a Senate Agriculture subcommit
tee and gave the committee broad
powers.
Three resolutions calling for a
similar inquiry \yere introduced in
the House. One specifically would
authorize an investigation to de
termine if foreign nations were
stockpiling meat supplies in this
country "at the expense of citi
zens of the United States”; if gov
ernment directives are discourag
ing meat production, and what ef
fect lend-lease shipments are hav
ing on civilian and military meat
supplies.
House Kepuoncans spearneaaei
a general attack on Administra
tion food policies. They accused
Government agencies of “interfer
ing with, harassing and hopping on
our farmers”; charged that‘‘the
Government has done everything
possible to discourage the food
producer, tc drive him out of bus
iness and to create the food short
age which the American people de
mand now be alleviated,” and
chided President Roosevelt’s re
cent press conference statement
that no decent person would ques
tion the allocation of food to liber
ated areas.
Assistant War Food Administra-'
tor Grover Hill said meantime that
there is no danger of a meat
“famine” despite the 10 per cent
cut in civilian allocations for the
next three months. He made the
statement after the American
Meat Institute at Chicago report
ed, on the basis of a Nation-wide
survey, that shortages are ‘bor
dering on famine in many parts
of the country.”
The situation also had repercus
sions abroad. London dispatches
said the recent U. S. decision to
slash Lend-Lease meat shipments
to Britain from 200,000,000 pounds
to 25,000,000 pounds during the
next three months probably means
that meat rations for Britons will
be reduced to only one serving
per person each week. Ottawa dis
patches said Canada may attempt
to boost meat shipments to Brit
ain in an effor to offset sharply
reduced U. S. Lend-Lease ship
ments.
The Senate inquiry is based on
a resolution by Kennth S. Wher
ry, (R-Neb.). The Senate War In
vestigating Committee already is
examining the entire food supply
problem and will issue a report
in a few eeks. ,
‘‘The House resolutions were in
troduced by Reps, ugust H. Andre
sen, (R-Minn.), Edward H. Rees,
(R-Kans.), and Clinton P. Ander
son. (D-N.M.). Andresen and Rees
would authorize the Agriculture
Committee to find out how cur
rent shortages developed. Ander
(Continued on Page Five; Col. 3)
Red Cross Chairman Says
Drive Off To Good Start
With residents quickly rallying
to' the plea of the Amerioan Red
Cross for continued and greater
support, the outlook for a success
ful 1945 War- Fund drive was
“bright” here last night, accord
ing to Robert Strange, campaign
chairman.
The success of the campaign,
which was opened officially yes
terday morning at a “kick-off”
breakfast at St. Paul’s Lutheran
church parish house, was attribut
ed to the “feeling” people have
toward the Red Cross, ‘realizing
they can depend on it to aid their
man in the service.” Strange
said that the firms he has visited
had equaled or exceeded their
quotas, and that campaign head
quarters had received requests
for thousands of ‘Memos for
Joe.” A list of all people who
send the “Memos” and the serv
icemen to whom they are sent
will be kept for public record at
the Wilmington Public Library,
Strange added.
Speaking at the “kick-off’ break
fast the Rev. Walter B. Freed, pas
tor of St. Paul’s Lutheran church,
told the assembly of division work
ers “as you go forth to participate
in this Red Cross appeal, you’re
going to help provide the means
to bring hope to those in despair”.
The minister termed the Red
Cross the “cross of hope to many
servicemen and women and many
on the home front.” Mr. Freed,
who was introduced by Strange,
related the incident of a woman
who learned the whereabouts of
(Continued on Ptjge Two; Col. 7)
\,t
Port Authority Bill
Passes State Senate
Shipment Of 30,000 Lend-Lease Pre-Fabri
cated Houses To Be Handled Through
Local Terminal By Salisbury Co.
The unopposed passage in the
Senate of the North Carolina Ports
Authority bill, providing for the
appointment by the Governor of
a seven-man group to recommend
improvements in the ports of Wil
mington, Southport and Morehead
City and issuance of State reve
nue bonds to finance them, was
reported from Raleigh last night
by Rep. J. Q. LeGrand.
Together with the disclosure
earlier yesterday that 30,000 Lend
Lease prefabricated housing units,
manufactured by the Salisbury
plant of the Walsh Construction
Co., of New York City, and other
firms allotted contracts by Fed
eral agencies, would be exported
development enthusiasts as a
“very auspicious” beginning of the
traffic year 1945.
Cyrus D. Hogue, Port Commis
sion official, expressed apprecia
tion last night of “the effective
ness with which Rep. LeGrand
and Sen. Roy Rowe, of Pender,
introduced the measure to the leg
islative houses and worked for fTS
passage”.
“It is the first definite recog
nition ever accorded by the State
Legislature to the importance to
the State of its seaports” he*said.
“It keeps North Carolina in line
with other seaboard states which
(Continued on Page Five; Col. 7)
SENATE PASSES
HOSPITAL BILL
Measure Amended To Pro
vide Grant For Rural
Expansion
RALEIGH, March 19 —W- The
Senate today passed a State-wide
hospital and medical care bill af
ter amending the measure to pro
vide that $500,000 of a $1,000,000
contingent biennial appropriation
for indigent patients be used for
grants for construction or enlarge
ment of rural hospitals and health
centers.
Three hours of debate went into
passage of the amendment, of
fered by Sen. Lumpkin of Frank
lin. The amendment provides that
the North Carolina medical care
commission created in the bill
make grants in aid to rural hos
pitals or health centers provided
that no grant exceeds 50 per cent
of the total cost involved and that
not more than $125,000 be made
available for any one project.
The amendment sliced in half
funds appropriated in the original
bill on a contingent basis to
match Duke funds for care and
treatment of indigent patients. The
original $1,000,000 appropriation
would not be made available until
the emergency salary promised
teachers and low-salaried State
employes has been paid. The re
(Continued on Page Two; Col. 5)
PRICE MARK-UPS
FROZEN BY OPA
Agency Moves To Reduce
Cost of Clothing,
Furniture Items
WASHINGTON, March 19.—(U.R)—
Paving the way for consumers to
benefit by future price reductions,
the Office of Price Administration
tonight ordered approximately
300,000 retail stores in the coun
try to ‘freeze” their price mark
ups at the level prevailing today.
Retail stores affected are those
selling clothing textiles, furniture
and house furnishings.
Under provisions of the order—
hailed by OPA as “one ofthe most
important events in retail price
control” since the general maxi
mum price regulation went into
effect in May, 1942—the additions
retailers may add to wholesale
costs are pegged and will not be
allowed to increase.
The order is the prelude to con
sumer benefits from reductions
possible under the joint War Pro
duction Board-OPA textile and
clothing order which will put
greater quantities of lower priced
wearing apparel on the market, of
ficials said. It also forestalls any
evasions of the pricing program,
now in the planning stage, for in
creasing the quantities of less ex
pensive furniture on the market.
(Continued on Page Two; Col. 2)
Byrnes Admits Inability
To Enforce Curfew Edict
WASHINGTON, March 19—(U.R)—
War Mobilization Director James
F. Eiyrnes acknowledged today that
ha is powerless to force New York
or any other city to abide by his
midnight curfew edict but, in an
appeal to partiotism backed up by
President Roosevelt, he put the
rest of the Nation on Us honor not
to follow the example of Mayor
Fiorello H. LaGuardia.
(Wilmington clubs, when inform
ed of Director Byrnes’ admission
last night, seemed to be “mark
ing time” until a policy was es
tablished by club owners as a
whole here.
(The owner of Stacy’s Tavern, on
the Carolina Beach road, said “our
policy won’t be changed since we
have always closed at midnight.
The only difference is that where
we’ve been cutting the music off
at 11:55 and having our customers
out by 1, now we’ll give them ten
or 15 minutes to get out. The
main measure that affects us is
the “brownout”, since our building
is set back off the road.”
(The proprietor of Joe’s club,
also on Carolina Beach road, said,
“If everybody else stays closed,
I’ll do the same. If they don’t, I’ll
go back to my old hours. I plan to
continue complying with the curfew
until I see what the others are go
ing to do.”
(The owner of St. John’s Tavern,
at Second and Orange streets, said
he would “follow the suit of the
others” and, in regard to the Fin
ca room, would continue complying
until he saw what others were go
ing to do.)
In a 600-word answer to La Guar
iia’s defiant extension of the cur-|
few to 1 a.m., Byrnes conceded
that he cannot enforce the edict
without the cooperation of local
police. But he said that voluntary
compliance is expected to every
city in the Nation to show fighting
men that “we are willing to make
some small sacrifice while we call
upon them to make the supreme
sacrifice.”
His statement was regarded as
a slap at the patriotism of La
Guardia and of New York night
spot owners who were elated by
the mayor’s challenge of Byrnes’
authority.
Byrnes’ admission of Govern
ment impotency meant that all ci
ties could follow Laguardia’s lead
but he put them on their honor not
to do so and emphasized that his
appeal “has the full approval of the
President of the United States.”
From all indications, LaGuardia
for now will be a lone wolf in his
defiance. A United Press survey of
other cities showed they would
continue to observe the curfew.
Many municipal officials denounc
ed LaGuardia for not cooperating.
The only other major curfew
defection so far was by the Michi
gan liquor control commission. It
ruled that bars would remain op
en until midnight central time, de
spite the fact most Michigan com
munities observe Eastern time.
This means a one hour extension
for those communities if they want
to take advantage of it.
But Laguardia got strong sup
port among some members of Con
gress. Democratic Reps. Emanuel
Heller and Sol Bloom and Rspub
Contlnued on Face Five; Col, 5)
t
t
r-—_.*
FDR’S New Aide
Col. Richard Park, Jr., 33-year
old general staff officer, of Wash
ington, D. C., has been named to
succeed the late Maj.-Gen. Edwin
Watson as military aide to Presi
dent Roosevelt.
Nazis Report
SovietjGains
Breakthrough In South
east Said To Have
Advanced Rapidly
LONDON, Tuesday, March 20—
(#)—Russian troops battered within
two and three miles of the belea
guered East Prussian outposts of
Braunsberg and Heiligenbeil yes
terday while Berlin reported that
Red Army tanks had plowed 17 to
25 miles through Nazi defenses in
a three-day offensive southeast of
Breslau aimed at clearing indus
trial Upper Silesia.
There was no Russian confirma
tion of the Soviet breakthrough in
extreme southeastern Germany,
but Berlin said that massed Soviet
forces had clamped a great pincer
on the war production area west of
the Oder river and had broken into
Neustadt in a 25-mile dash from
the river at Cosel.
Industrial Neustadt is only three
miles from the border of Czecho
slovakia.
Restricting its communique to
a report on the Red Army’s grim
battle to wipe out trapped enemy
forces southwest of the East Prus
sian capital of Koenigsberg, Mos
cow disclosed that the Third White
Rusian Army had squeezed the
Germans’ evaporating coastal poc
ket to little more than 100 square
miles.
Advancing along a 25-mile front
in gains up to three miles, Rus
sian tanks and infantry seized
more than 30 towns and villages
and 2.138 prisoners, and brought
the last two big enemy strpngholds
of Eraunsberg and Heiligenbeil,
32 and 25 miles southwest of Koe
(Continued on Page Two; Col. 1)
Himmler Reported Active
In Plot To Slay Hitler
From one of the conspira
tors Louis P. Lochner has ob
tained a remarkable account
of the attempt of last July 20
'to assassinate Adolf Hitler.
Lochner, chief of the former
Associated Press Bureau in
Berlin, is again in Germany
expecting to return to the Nazi
capital.
By LOUIS P. LOCHNER
Copyright, 1945, by the Associated
Press
BONN, Germany, March 19.—
(JP)—Col. Gen. Ludwig Beck, form
er chief of staff of the Germany
army who resigned when he realiz
ed Hitler’s reckless course, was the
spiritual as well as active leader
in the plot to assassinate the
Fuehrer, and Heinrich Himmler
ivas in on it.
One-armed one-legged Colonel
Count Claus von Staufl’enberg, a
hero of the First World War, was
the man who actually placed the
bomb under Hitler’s chair.
These and other specific details
of last July 20's attempt on Hit
ler’s yfe were given me by a man
who himself was delegated to con
tact the Allies and try to “sell”
them the new setup in Germany
after Hitler’s death, and also to
offer peace.
The fiist talks among the con
spirators occurred in December,
1941, immediately after Hitler's
declaration of war on the United ’
States. My informant said that
America’s * entry made defeat a
certainty to every thinking Ger
man. Alilitary officers contacted
men like Dr. Karl Goerdeler, Paul
Lejeune-Jung, H. Johannes Popitz
(Continued on Page Two; Col. 4)