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Ptlmtttglon £tar North Carolina’s Oldest Daily Newspaper Published Daily Except Sunday By The Wilmington Star-News U_ Jj Page. Owner and Publisher fj»»torod as Second Class Matter at y^ing ton. N. C„ Postoflice Under Act at Congres of March 3, 1879.__ SUBSCRIPTION RATES BY IN NEW HANOVER COUNTY Payable Weekly or In Advance ^ ■K*_» jo' .N,S V“i 1 Month - I W JJj I Months- 3.M 3.M | T^r^-13.80 13 00 MM (Above rates entitle subscriber to Suntjai issue of Star-News)_ By Mail: Payable Strictly in Advance I Months .« 2 50 $ 2.00 V 8.K ; «5 lB (Above rates entitle subscriber to Sundaj issue of Star-News) _ — WILMINGTON STAR (Daily Without Sunday) g Months-11.85 6 Months-$3.70 1 Yr.-$7.4( When remitting by mail please use check oi U S P O. money order. The Star News can not be responsible for currency sent through the mails._ MEMBER OF THE ASSOCIATED PRESJ AND ALSO SERVED UY THE UNITED PRES. With confidence in onr armed forces—wltt the unbounding determination of our people we will gain the Inevitable triumph—so help *B G0d‘ Roosevelt’s War Message “ WEDNESDAY, APRIL 25, 1945. TOP O’ THE MORNING A star's the largest fire we know; It will not dim or die. Yet no one ever sets his shoes Under a star to dry. A candle finds the needle eye, A hearth fire dries the shoes, Often the showiest things are not The things we need to use. CLARIBEL AVERY. -V A Complex Problem The city election scheduled for May 8. ir which a new Council will be chosen, will alsc be a run-off election to determine which oi two candidates who failed to secure the nec essary votes in Monday's poll will join the other four who were selected and join them on the Council. That there may be no confusion among the voters on May 8 it is to be said thal while six names will appear on the ballots only five can be elected. To vote for six would void the vote. At the top of the ballot will be four names —James E. L. Wade, Ronald W. Lane, Rob ert S. LeGwin and W. E. Yopp. These candi dates came through with flying colors in the Monday primary To all intents and purposes, they are on the Council for the next twc years. The May 8 election is but a formality by which they will be advanced from nomi nees to office holders. The other two names appearing lower or the ballot, and separated from this group, are Robert R. Romeo and Garland S. Currin. They faired to receive enough votes Monday to be ac -edited nominees. By virture of run ning next below the successful four, they are entitled to a run-off. Be sur^ to vote for only one of them. Wilmington voters are to be congratulated for turning out on Monday in such large numbers despite the inclement weather. The total was larger than in any previous pri mary since the new form of city government was instituted. Let us hope it indicates an awakening to political responsibilities among a people which for years has neglected the privilege and duty of voting in municipal elections. Movement Must Go On . The County Board of Commissioners has refused to call an election for a junior col lege, for which an enabling act was approved by the recent Legislature, but the movemenl must not be allowed to die for that reason. A junior college is too important in the fur ther educational and cultural development oi Wilmington and all southeastern North Caro lina. The Board of Education, which sponsored th< bill introduced and put through the Legisla ture by Rep. J. Q. LeGrand. may be expectec to carry on, and it is hoped that the publit will get solidly behind the project so tha ■ the Board of County Commissioners, seeinf the wide sentiment for the college, will re consider its action of Monday and order th< ' election. — Jefferson And Truman > —*— !' The Greensboro Record notes that in thesi first few days of President Truman’s adminis tration the "game of analogies” is already of to a head start. He is compared with Jef ferson, for example, because of his talen as a pianist. Jefferson was an accomplishei violinist. Thus they are alike in musical ac complishment. And the Record cites the St. Louis Post Dispatch which points out that Jefferson als' walked to and from the Capitol. Mr. Trumai has given the Secret Service men assigned t * protect him fits and convulsions trying to kee] . up with him. These comparisons are interesting, but ther is one attribute of Jefferson which we doub the keenest search will duplicate in Mi Truman. Jefferson had an inventive soul an we are indebted to him for the swivel chaii without which no office is complete. I I Lights Go On In England The blackout in England, instituted on Sep tember 1, 1939, when Germany attacked Po land, is lifted at last, save for a five-mil< coastal strip. The light on Big Ben shine! i again. Britons may once rpore light up theii home without drawing black curtains at al windows and outer doors. We in America can't realize what thif ' means to the people of England. We hac \ our blackouts, and grumbled at them, ever i disobeyed them shamefully, but the war was [ so far away and the chance of enemy attack so slim the whole proceeding had little mean ing for most of us. But for the English blackouts meant th« difference between life and death. The Luft 1 waffe was coming over nightly. Their only hope of escape was to keep their towns anc cities so dark enemy planes could not spol their objectives, for though the Royal Air Force performed wonders of defense it couk not prevent some planes breaking through and leaving death and destruction in theii wake. Coventry, London, hardly a city in Eng land escaped the terrible toll levied by th« Luftwaffe during the period Hitler and Goer ing believed they could bring England to its knees by air attack. Now it is all past. Hitler is beaten. Ger many is a defeated nation. The cruel danger of night attacks by buzz bombs has largely been overcome. England is safe again, even at nigh.. And the lights go on. Certainly no better morale-builder could € found, unless it might be to parade Hitler through the streets at the end of a chain dressed in monkey clothes and holding a cup with a hand organ furnishing the music. -V Clean The Plate Persons who eat at restaurants complain that the variety of food is dwindling and por tions shriveling. While their complaint is justi fied, it may be noted by inquisitive observ ers that by over-ordering or ordering what they do not like many persons leave consid erable food on their plates which goes into the garbage can and is sheer waste. And while this is going on millions of peo ple throughout the world are starving—scrap ing gutters for scraps and seldom finding them. Without relieving the Office of Price Ad ministration of an iota of its responsibility for the scarity of food it is still true that we are a wasteful people. The Army has a rule in its training reser vations. It may only be a practice and not an actual rule at all, but it does as well. The soldier must eat everything on his plate. If he fails to do so, the sergeant in charge of the company mess calls him back and sera to it that he does. Lining up for his next meal the recruit is not likely to ask for more than he can comfortably consume and enjoy. The same practice should be in effect in all public eating places. When ordering your next meal at a restaurant, do your part by cutting the meal to your capacity. Maybe, if everybody does the same thing there will be fewer starving people in the world. -v Russo-Polish Treaty This new treaty Russia has made with the Warsaw Provisional Government by which the two nations pledge friendship, mutual aid anc postwar collaboration proves that Stalin pro poses to dominate eastern Europe exclusivelj and in his own way. What its effect will be on the proceedings of the San Francisco Se curity Conference cannot be clearly foreseen, but it may be explosive. Great Britain and the United States have not recognized the Warsaw Provisional Gov ernment of Poland, but have stood out for inclusion of the Polish Government in Exile at London in any regime to be set up ai Warsaw. If Washington and London back down il will be a sign that Stalin has more power than Britain and America unitedly have and will exercise the dominating influence in post war Europe. The Russo-Polish treaty is a daring stef by Stalin. --—V EDITORIAL COMMENT BLUEBIRDS—BEAUTIFUL BUT DUMB Last Sunday when I was walking from mj home to church (4 miles by the road) som< birds were looking for nests. That was especial ly true of the bluebirds, which examined hole: . in trees and the mail and daily newspaper box es along the way. I saw one make a carefu inspection of a box rather low down on a pirn ' tree, where, to my knowledge, two mother bird: . have been yanked out and killed by a housi t cat. Yet the birds'persist in using the box I am told that for years that same thin{ ' has happened. Bluebirds seem to be fascinate( ■ by cylindrical newspaper boxes, and nest ii them, and lose their little ones to cats anc mischievous children. My observation make: me think that bluebirds, like some persons > have more beauty than sense. H.E. C. Bryan ! In the Chapel Hill Weekly. POLITICS AND POLITICS 5 According to Webster’s International Diction ary, the word, “politics,” has more than on( ; meaning. “The science and art of govern , ment” is one of those meanings. Unfortu nately it has another, understood not only bj • Webster but also by citizens generally. Web i ster expresses it this way: ‘Artful or dis honest management to secure the success o: ’ political candidates.”—Winston - Salem Jour Russia and Democracies ' (This article appeared last week in the Christian Science Monitor) By PROF. HERMAN FINER Visiting Lecturer in Political Science, Har vard University; formerly Reader in Public Administration, University of London The formidable time for decision is upon us. Next week, thirty nations will enter on the decisive stage of determining the organi zation of our peace. The keeping of the peace everywhere depends on the lasting collabora tion of the Big Three of Yalta. With their mighty power goes their mighty responsibil ity. If their ways should part, as the failure of the League demonstrates, they will be forced for security to form defensive and therefore hostile coalitions. Security is not the only issue: there is jus tice But concern for justice, domestic and international, has rarely been known to flourish in war or preparations for war. Peace, there fore, is the highest interest of all peoples. A dreadful responsibility lies upon the govern ments and peoples of the democracies to ren der possible, or at least not to prejudice, the friendship of the Three, A like responsibility devolves as sharply on the rulers of Soviet Russia, even more severely perhaps because their people are not altogether free to direct or moderate the course of the Soviet’s foreign policy. mere are quaims m me tunouentes ui many in this Repbulic about the righteous ness of collaboration with the Soviet. It is a matter for the profoundest anxiety. There have even been more or less open sugges tions that war with the Soviet is' some day inevitable, and, for democracy’s sake, de sirable. This is" a deeply disturbing state oi mind, though not unpleasant to Nazis. In too many cases it is not disinterested, and, ol course, deliberately refuses to seek light on Soviet Russia. There are others, however, to whom it is a matter of conscientious doubt whether co operation of the Soviet and the democracies is possible. They sense a difference of pur pose and political methods, and therefore a moral difference, between them. They are genuinely preplexed by the recurrent self reproach: If our form of government is right, then the Russian must be wrong, and if their system is wrong, how can it be possible for us to work together? The Soviet view of liberty, civil rights, and freedom of con science utterly contradicts ours. Their form of economic enterprise is alien to ours. Soviet practice in foreign affairs seems at times to be swayed by a relative rather than an ab solute regard for international obligations. Truly, if we want earnestly enough to col laborate, we can. The chronically bitter issue is whether we ought. Collaboration would imply a compromise on our part, and there is a moral blemish, something repulsive, in compromise. It affronts conscience and self respect, for it is equated with hyprocricy and disavowal of our own moral standards. These doubts must be satisfied, for the obligations attending the current security proposals are severe. They entail military commitments. They must be continuing and automatic, and so require a foundation in the steady conscious loyalty of the public. Is compromise proper, and is it possible? It depends on whether we can distinguish legitimate from illegitimate compromise and support the former. The legitimacy of compromise in interna tional politics can be illuminated by reflect ing on the frequent challenge whether Soviet Russia is a democracy. Many among the friends of the Soviet Union declare quite sin cerely that is is a democracy because it seeks the people’s welfare and permits the expression of opinion. The assertion cannot possibly be maintained against the crucial test: Can Stalin and his Council of People’s Commissars be popularly voted out of office? Stalin would be the first to laugh the apolo gists out of court if they were so politically callow as to answer, Yes. Do Soviet electoral arrangements allow even of the proposal of a ticket in apposi tion to the Communist leaders, or public criticism of Stalin’s character, intellect, am bitions, and policy, such as has been exer cised about leaders in England, even in "the darkest hour”? We all know the answer: It is a moral negative. Hence, it is no service to the U. S. S. R. or world peace to waver about and about on these issues, for that only introduces a flavor of hyprocrisy which corrupts coiapromise. The Western world, in long and bloody self sacrifice, originated and developed democ racy, and has the right to declare what it is. It has no alternative but to say that Soviet Russia is not a democracy. The Soviet Government is in many other respects highly beneficial to the people oi Russia, and even a lesson to the Western World. But decidedly it is not a democracy. For democracy is government by the people, for the people, and the Soviet excludes the former. In Western opinion and experience, therefore, it is no long-run guarantee of the latter. Nor. to get the perspective right, was Russia a democracy before 1917. A compromise is only legitimate and morally acceptable if it does not dim our power of recognition. Our first duty as demo cratic citizens is to truth and not to acqui escence and dissimulation. If for the sake of a quiet life we deny the evidence of oui senses and moral acknowledgments, we conv mit two sins against the light. We would appear cynical and would therefore hollow out and adulterate the basis of our own dem ocratic method. What a government does lr the name of its people that government teaches its people to name. If it says to an other government, ‘‘I cannot persuade you to accept my good, therefore I will pretend to .accept your evil and even suggest it is my good,” it thereby authorizes a demoraliz ing example in public, business, and do : mestic life. Nor is that the full extent of the damage done by illegitimate compromise. Those who disavow their own moral experience^ lose the respect of those whose co-operation they solicit. They dissipate the influence on their partners in peace of sincerity, self-respect, and responsible strength of mind. They cease to speak their own true language, 1 which above all things is essential as a moral i lever to move the exponents of very differ ent systems and purposes’ of government. : how else, since the voice of the people in the Bussian system and has not the accents of ■ a master, is it practical for them to be prompted to examine the validity of their own convictions? An illegitimate compromise consists in ■ the surrender of mind and moral sincerity. : The abdicating mind, because it is despised. ■ ceases to play on the other man’s mind and affect it. A compromise must not be the adulteration • of what we perceive to be true. But in inter national politics compromise is not adultery : if, clear as to our intentions, and open but polite in otir mitfd and views, we neverthe less offer to.. adjust our respective wills to Your War- With Ernie Pyle \ I - by ERNIE PYLE OKINAWA— (by Navy radio) — It's marvelous to see a bunch of American troops go about making themselves at home wherever they get a chance to settle down for a few days. My company of First Division marines dug in at the edge of a bomb-shattered village. The village was quaint and not without charm. I was astonished at the similarity with the villages of Sicily and Italy. . The town didn’t really seem Ori ental. The houses were wooden one story buildings, surrounded by lit tle vegetable gardens. Instead of fences, each lot was divided by rows of shrubs or trees. The cob blestoned streets were just wide enough for a jeep. They were wind ing and walled on both sides by head-high stone walls. A good part of the town lay shattered. Scores of the houses had burned and only ashes and red roofing tile were left. Wandering around, I counted the bodies of four Okinawans still in the streets. Otherwise the town was deserted. The people have fled to their caves in the hillsides, taking most of their personal belongings with them. There is almost no furniture tr. Japanese houses, so they didn’t have to worry about that. After a few days the grapevine carried the word to them that we were treating them well so they began to come out in droves and give themselves up. I heard one story about a hundred Okinawa civilians who had a Jap soldier among them, and when they real ized the atrocity stories he had told them about the Americans were untrue, our MPs had to step in to keep them from beating him. * * * Our company coijimand'er picked out a nice little house on a rise at the edge of town for his command post. The house was very light, fairly clean, and the floors were covered with woven straw mats. A couple of officers and a dozen men moved into the house and slept on the floor and we cooked our rations over an open stone cookstove in the rear. Then the word went around' for the men of the company to dig in for several days. Two platoons were assigned to dig in along the outer sides of the nearby hills for perimeter defense. The boys were told they could keep the horses they had com mandeered, that they could carry wooden panels out of the houses to make little doghouses for them selves, but not to take anything else, and that they could have fires, except during air alerts. They weren’t to start their daily mop-up patrols in the brush until the next day, so they had the after noon off to clean themselves up and fix up their little houses. Different men did different things. Some built elaborate houses about the size of chicken houes, with floor mats and chairs and even kerosene lanterns hanging from the roof. One Mexican boy dug a hole, covered it with boards, and then camouflaged it so perfectly with brush you really couldn’t see it. Some spent the afternoon taking baths and washing clothes in the river. Some rode bicycles around town. Some rode their horses up and down. Some foraged around town through the deserted houses. Some went looking for chickens to cook. Some sat in groups and talk ed. Some just slept. * *. * An order went out against wear ing Jap clothing or eating any of the local vegetables, pork, goat, beef or fowl. But this was before the order came out. The marines had dug up lots of Japanese kimonos out of the smashed houses and put them on while washing their one set of clothes. If you ever want to see a funny sight, just take a look at a few dozen dirty and unshaven ma rines walking around in pink and blue women’s kimonos. __ A typical example was Pvt. Ray mond Adams of Fleason, Term. He had fixed himself a dugout right on the edge of a bluff above the river. He had a grand view and a nice little grassy front yard. Out there he had driven stakes and built a fire. He hung his helmet over the fires like a kettle and was stewing chicken. He had taken off his clothes and put on a beautiful pink and white kimono. Later a friend came along with a Jap bicycle with one pedal off, aand Adams tried without much success to ride it up and down a nearby lane. If there ever is a war play about marines I hope they include one tough-looking private in a pink and-white kimono, stewing chicken and trying to ride a one pedalled bicycle through a shattered Japa nese village. Private Adams is married and has a boy eight-months old he has never seen. If the baby could have seen his father that day he would probably have got the colic from laughing so much. The Literary Guidepost By W. G. ROGERS “SURRENDER ON DE MAND.” by Varian Fry (Ran dom House; $3). The title of this important, ex citing book comes from a clause in the Franco-German armistice, by which Petain’s government agreed to give up to Germany any Germans (a word which eventual ly included anti-Nazis of any na tionality) designated by Berlin and found within the jurisdiction of the French police. In 1940 some Americans, head ed by William Allan Neilsr and Frank Kingdon, formed an emer gency rescue committee, raised funds and sent Fry to France as agent. He organized several un derground railroads to get the men and women sought by the Germans out of the country. In some individual cases his mission failed. In others he suc ceeded, and the world as well as America benefited greatly. Among those he helped to save were the writers Konrad Heiden, Franz Werfel, Heinrich Mann, Lion Feuchtwanger and Andre Breton, the harpsichordist Wanda Lan dowska, the art expert Charles Stirling, the painters Marcel Du champ, Max Ernst, Andre Mas son and Marc Chagall, the sculp tor Jacques Lipchitz, many other professional men and liberals in politics. Callers at the villa which was Gems, Alleged Smuggler Seized By Miami Agents MIAMI, April 24—(A3)—Charles E. Wyatt, supervising customs agent in Miami, said today a shav. ing cream tube containing 1,006 minute diamonds was seized by agents here last night with the arrest of a man identified as Sam Nivisch, 40, of the Bronx, New York. Wyatt said the diamonds were found in Nh’isch’s possession while his effects were being examined at the 36th street airport by In spector A. H. Malcolm. Nivisch had arrived a few minutes before from Havana by clipper. -V Chinese C&unterattack Japs in Western Hunan e CHUNGKING, April 24.— (A3) — Chinese counterattacks have been flung against the main column and two flanks of the determined Japa nese drive through western Hunan province, and bitter fighting raged in defence of the routes of stra tegic Hihkiang, U. S. 14th Air Force offensive base, the Chinese High Command announced tonight. The Chinese threw a counterat tack in the area of Yiyang, near the southern shore of Tungting Lake northwest of Changsha. -V Methods of tanning Will Be Discussed A discussion on modern methods of canning and a motion picture, “Can All You Can,” will be pre sented at 10 a.m. Friday in the Home Demonstration Agent’s of fice at the custom house. All food conservation leaders and any others interested in home can ning are urged to attend, Miss Ann Mason, agent, announced. a common purpose. For we recog nize that our friendship supports the supreme common good at this historical stage—peace and securi ty. These will be the parents of future justice. Besides, there are, in fact, social values in Soviet government and history, which give promise of better things, com patible with our continued friend ship and offering the opportunity of a two-way lend-lease connec tion of influence and instruction as we go along on our several ways. Is cooperation between the Soviet and democratic systems feasible? Fry’s home for a time included Antoine de St. Exupery’s wife, Kay Boyle, Peggy Guggenheim. Among those whose lives were forfeit because they didn’t reach a haven in this country was the Parisian journalist Charles Wolff who was to succumb to tortures inflicted by the French (Fascist militia. The book is written without flourishes, with little philosophiz ing; perhaps Fry could not prop erly stand aside and praise his committee and himself. But the critic is free to. This volume, to me, is an encouraging and inspir ing reoord of a noble democratic effort. The experiment was undertak en, it should be noted, by the peo ple. The government, in particu lar the State Department, had nothing to do with it. Fry says the department took “the attitude that 1 should go home, and the (Vichy) embassy cooperated with the French police in bringing pres sure on me to go.” Daily Prayer FOR OUR FIGHTERS One prayer rises night and day from our lonely, longing hearts to Thee, O Almighty Ruler of the universe; save our boys from hurt of body or stain of soul, and give victory to their arms. If any fall, may they be at peace with Thee, to win the promised reward of good soldiers of Jesus Christ. Pre pare us for what Thou art prepar ing for us; and make us able to accept Thy holy will for us and ours as best for two worlds. As we pray to Thee, grant unto us a refreshing sense of Thy father care; our times are in Thy hand. Thou art able to do for us ex ceedingly above all that we can ask or think. So we leave our lives, and our dear ones, with Thee, praying ever that we may live in loyalty id Thy will. Amen. —W.T.E. ' * -V The rural districts of England and Wales have a much higher illegitimate birth rate than Lon don. Interpreting I The War _ BY KIRKE L. SIMPSON 1 (Associated Press War Analyst) 1 second Russian-American junc. tiok in Bavaria to slit the dismerm berkd German Reich apart north and south from the Elbe estuary to the Alps as it is already bi. sectet from east to west on the Middl'z Elbe is fast taking shaDe on the war maps. Just Vhere or when it will com; whether, near the Hitlerian mou,','. tain lair-of Berchtesgaden or north of that ii; the valley of the upper Danube, is not clear. There cat be small doubt, however, that °a friendly Russian - American f00* race is on to be first to clamp a steel trap oty the Rfwvclsqqhberch tesgaden Nazi citadel and perhaps snare the master Nazi himself. That can be read into disclosure that General Patton’s lungin» Third Army advance guards have reached beyond Regensburg Danu bian transportation hub less than 100 miles air line from Sabburg. Nazi bulletins placed the south, ern prong of a twin Russian drive from the Vienna gateway even clo ser. Storming through difficult Al pine terrain threaded only by mo torways and highroads, a Red Ar my spearhead was by German re port at Fisenerz, just over 90 miles due east of Berchtesgaden. It has swept beyond its northern com panion-piece pushing westward up ; the Danube valley and last report, ed within 50 miles of Linz. The : goal of that northern thrust could be either Salzhurg and Berchtes gaden, or a junction with Patton's men somewhere south of the Dan ube. mat would split all that is left of Hitler’s Reich in German har.di into three major segments, north, central and south, for final mop. ping up purposes. It would also end any possibility of a prolonged last Nazi stand in the Bavarian redoubt. So far as the Allied front from the Elbe estuary to the Regen». burg area on the upper Danube can be traced at this moment, it rep resents a north-south bisection of Germany on a more or less straight line of which a Russian American junction south of the Danube at Salzburg or some point north of it would be an extension. Yalta terms appear to have something to do with delay in the awaited official three power an nouncement of the first Allied-Rus sian junction in Germany. Press advices from Ihe American fronts indicate observer belief it has al ready been achieved. There seems no other logical explanation of the delay except that agreements reached at Yalta as to Russian and Allied agreed zones of occupation in Germany have some relation to the matter. -V Keep an emergency kit in your desk drawer. It should contain soap, towel, makeup, nail polish and remover, cleansing cream and a comb. Watch Out! * Pretty fancy ’phone, isn’t it?—not like the one* back home! That’s why the Germans wired it to a mine, made it into a Booby Ttap. But I American soldiers don’t fall for it—they’ve been taught to spot Booby Traps. Watch Out! Lacking proper lubricants, your transmission end dlf- j ferentlal gears can chip or score—cause you plenty of sudden trouble. That's why Shell Dealers check up on gears—erery time they glee your car a Shellubrlcatloa —make sure you’re safe! PLAY SAFE...Get a Safety Shellubrication Today Shellubrication is a scien tific answer to the effects of Wartime Stop-and-Go driv ing on your car. It’s a 35-ppint inspection and maintenance system developed by Shell en gineers—performed by spe cially trained Shell Dealers. Shellubrication requires the use of nine different types of lubricating equipment— six different testing devices— fourteen kindsof maintenance tools, eighteen different, spe cialized Shell lubricants! In giving your car a Shel lubrication job your Shell Dealer inspects the danger spots—checks 35 “break-up” points as he works! And fi nally he gives you a record of service and a written guar antee covering both work manship and materials! /Wake a e/aZe Zbr tSHELLUBRICATION] 7o</ay/ ,
Wilmington Morning Star (Wilmington, N.C.)
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April 25, 1945, edition 1
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