Newspapers / Wilmington Morning Star (Wilmington, … / April 30, 1945, edition 1 / Page 4
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Wtlttratglmt $tar North Carolina’* Oldest Daily Published Daily Exc*p; Sunday By The Wilmingtoo RtsrNsw* R. B. Page. Publisher_ Entered as Second Class M*; er a! tvtlming ton, N. C„ Postoffice Under Act of Cecgross of March 3, 1ST*.__ SUBSCRIPTION RATES BY CARRIER , IN NEW HANOVER COUNTY j Payable Weekly or In Advance Combi Time Star New* nation 1 Week -$ X $ » I *> 1 Month - 11® a an 3 Month!_ 3.90 3J5 iJO S Months- 7 80 J.80 13.00 j year.. 13.90 13.00 30.00 (Above rates entitle subscriber to Sunday issue of Star-News) _ By Mall: Pavable Strictly In Advance 3 Months .* 2 50 * 2 00 *3.85 0 Months _ 5.00 4.00 7.70 j Year . 10.00 8.00 18.40 (Above rates entitle subscriber to Sunday issue of Star-News) ” WILMINGTON STAR (Daily Without Sunday) 3 Months-*!.85 6 Months-»3.70 1 Yr.-*7.4C When remitting by mail please use check or U. S. P. O. money order. The Star New* can not be responsible for currency sent through the mails. MEMBER OF THE ASSOCIATED PRESS AND ALSO SERVED BY THE UNITED PRESS With confidence in our armed forces—with the unbounding determination of our people— we will gain the inevitable triumph—to help ns God. Roosevelt’s War Message “ MONDAY, APRIL 30, 1945 TOP OF THE MORNING Now in this crucial hour, As we close for the kill. Lest we grow drunk with power, Keep us Thy servants still. Purge from our hearts we ask, All fear, suspicion, hate; And to the perilous task Our souls reconsecrate. —“American Prayer” by Auslander. -V The Thalians The Thaiian Association announces produc tion on Thursday and Friday nights of its third and final play of the season—“Kind Lady.” Rehearsals have had many vicissi tudes, including surgical operations for two members of the cast. But all difficulties are now overcome and entertainment of the best quality ever achieved by the Thalians is as sured auditors. But it is not this alone that deserves em phasis. What especially impresses us is that the Thaiian Society has overcome greater difficulties and survives as a cultural influ ence in the life of Wilmington. Neither financial tribulations, which sent its leaders to the bank just before the war, nor the war itself with it unsettling effects, have succeeded in dampening the ardor or reduc ing the efforts of the organization. And by its business policy, it is reported to have emerged from the trials of the last four years v/ithout being swamped by debt when so many similar Little Theater organizations have had to fold up. There is something vital about the Thaiian Society, a strength that carries it through all troubles. May its future be as bright as it well deserves. --v Convincing Evidence The party of congressmen who are inspect ing the Nazi concentration camps for politi cal prisoners includes some members who have been among the champions of “nation alism” and isolationism. Their inclusion in this group is gratifying, as is their acceptance of the invitation. t Some people in this country have always questioned the wisdom of our war against Germany, even after the German declaration of war against us. They have been willing to give Hitler credit for good works and sound philosophy. They have listened respectfully to some of the men v/ho are about to witness the handiwork of the Hitler regime which they viewed so charitably. There is little doubt but that the nationalist congressmen will be able to bring back to these people a vivid report which should make clear not only what we are fighting for, but what we are fighting against. It is a pity that the ultra-isolationist press is not representd among the editors and pob lishers who are also making the journey. -V Gasoline In War Thirty - five million gallons of gasoline are going to our armed forces daily from Ameri can refineries. The only way to get the picture of what this means is to compare it with the overage consumption of the ordinary pass onger automobile. At fifteen miles a gallon, the average consumption of cars in fair con dition (which few ar.e these days) an automo bile could travel 525,000,000 miles. When American forces reached the Hhine, 1,300,000 gallons were required to power the $5,000 vehicles on a ten-mile front. If the gasoline needed to power our air forces is added to this and the other vehicles on all fronts included, the wonder is that any do mestic gasoline is available for civilian use, despite the tremendous sources of supply in the United States. The situation is infinitely more acute than in the early days of our war effort when Harold Ickes was bungling distribution and playing favorites among sections of the coun try. . . . The present war consumption is so greal that the capture of oil fieds in the south west Pacific, particularly those on Borneo which have fueled Japan’s war machines, i: of ’nestimable value. When the fighting end: in Germany and Japan^ alone is left to defeat ®il in the Pacific will be a great boon. ^ False Armistice Again Not since the false armistice in 1918 has there been such an overflow of effervescent spirits as on Saturday night when word swept the country that Germany had surrendered, when the people generally celebrated a vic tory that had not been officially declared. Wilmington "went wild," with downtown streets thronged with smiling, shouting pedes trians and motorists honking horns, and people finding their way into churches, some of which held thanksgiving services. Yet there was a difference between Sat urday night and November 4, 1918, and the difference is significant. Twenty-five years ago the word was definitely given that Allied and German leaders were meeting to arrange an armistice. Saturday night, every word that came from an authentic source added that the news was based on rumor or unverified re port. Some radio commentators in their zeal, or misled by irresponsible sources, did say that unconditional surrender had been offer ed, but every announcement from a respon sible source emphasized the news was un confirmed in dependable and accredited quar ters. Notwithstanding this, the people shouted and sang, and some fired shotguns and revolvers in the air; many newspapers, seeing a chance for a quick harvest of nickles, put out extra editions, from San Francisco to New York, the Gulf cities to New England; and the carnival spirit prevailed unabated until President Tru man announced from the White House that all the rumors of Germany's surrender were unfounded. Never, we think, has there been a better illustration of a people’s willingness to believe that what it wants more than anything else has come to pass. All America wants peace in Europe. All America, therefore, fell for a rumor that peace had come. Pray God America, and the world, may not have to wait much longer. Peace is in the making in Berlin, in north and south Ger many, where resistance still continues, and along the highways used by Allied forces which are lined with German soldiers, unsur rendered but unfighting — spectators of a parade toward victory. The end of war in Europe must come quickly. --V Interesting Relics American soldiers in Germany have come upon some interesting old relics of a bygone time, living in comfortable seclusion until dis turbed by the advancing invaders. One of them was Princess Hermine. widow of Kaiser Wilhelm. “He was a poor old man with the wrong sort of children,” she said of him. "He loved Germany.” Another was the ancient, massive, iron visaged Marshal von Mackensen, idol of two generations of Prussian Junkers and perfect symbol of German militarism. “Can’t you do something to stop the Russians from killing my chickens?” was his complaint to his American captors. There were others, too, including a few fatuous, Nazi-loving Hohenollerns. Eut these two are enough to provide another compell ing reason for unconditional surrender and the pursuit and punishmet of war criminals. Heaven forbid that Adolf Hitler should es cape to grow old in half-forgotten, half-for given exile and one day be called a "poor old man who loved Germany,” or that Himm ler or any other top Nazi should live to com plain, at 96, that the citizens of a country scourged by his own country’s mass murder ers were actually killing his chickens. 17 Romeo Bows Out Councilman Robert R. Romeo who, by vir tue of the vote cast for him in the recent primary was to have been in a run-off elec tion with Garland S. Currin, also a member of the council, in the election of May 8, has withdrawn. The result is there will be no run-off and Mr. Currin’s name will appear on the May 8 ballot as an approved candidate. And be cause there is no opposition ticket, he will be on the council for the next two years in com pany with James E. L. Wade, who led the pri mary voting, Mayor Ronald Lane, Council man Robert S. LeGwin and W. E. Yopp. Although the run-off between Romeo and Currin would not have involved a separate election, their names appearing on the May 8 ballot below the candidates receiving more than the required number of votes, Mr. Romeo says in his statement of withdrawal that to stay in the race would have proved embarrass ing to mutual friends and that he considers it wise from all view points to step out. His friends will regret his decision, but agree that to have remained would have embarrass ed both his and Mr. Currin’s friends. -V Sick Europe Incomplete information from Europe, ana lyzed by Metropolitan Life Insurance Com pany experts indicates that among that con tinent's worst postwar problems will be the rehabilitation of public health. Tuberculosis is rampant. In Germany it is jup at least a third, in J Paris and Brussels about a half, in the Netherlands even more, and in Rome tuberculosis deaths last year were over twice those of 1940. The disease is epidemic in Greece. Typhus, cerebro-spinal meningitis and scar let fever are high in Germany; perhaps 70 per cent of the Greeks have malaria; diph theria in Germany is up about 50 per cent and throughout western Europe it is at peak levels. * More Rumors Rumors are coming so fast- and many are so contradictory it would be best to believe nothing concerning the conflict across the At lantic. and particularly enemy leaders un less definite confirmation comes from ac credited Allied sources. Sometime ago the public was told that General Eisenhower would announce victory in Germany. It would be wise to wait for his blessed assurance. In the menatime we hear that Hitler is dead and that he cannot live twenty-four hours; that Goering has skipped by air with a few millions; that Mussolini and a group of his followers has been execute^ by Italian partisans, one reporter claiming to have seen his corpse in its shroud. So it goes. Press wires are filled with such reports. Hopefully they will prove true, ex cept in the case of Goering. Wait until they have been stamped by an authentic source before accepting them at face value. -V Important Meeting By ARTHUR KROCK WASHINGTON—When the President call ed on former Secretary of State Hull this week, at the Naval Hospital where Mr. Hull is still under treatment, there were many interesting things with which to'fill the hour they were together. The President had spent several days in discussions with Mr. Molotoff, the Foreign Commissar of tne U.S.S.R., over the Polish and international trusteeship questions and other problems affecting the UNCIO at San Francisco. He had talked long on these same issues, and Moscow’s attitude toward them, with Mr. Hull’s successor, Mr. Stettinius, and with Britain’s Foreign Minister, Mr. Eden. And the President had a speech to prepare for the opening of the UNCIO on which he might well seek counsel from the “Father of the United Nations.’’ It is not unlikely the President told Mr. Hull in detail what ho said to Mr. Molotoff and what Mr. Molotoff said to him, and, if some reports of those conversations are true, the former Secretary must have felt the pride of a pioneer. For when he went to Moscow in 1943 to attain the famous “Declaration,” he used something of that reported technique him self, and he came back believing the results While preparing for his journey, Mr. Hull collected numerous documents describing the present and prospective strength of the Unit ed States, physically and economically. Those documents made it plain to any reader whose people stood in need of post-war assistance in any quarter that the United States was in a position to extend it as no other nation could. Natural resources, manpower, techni cal skills, food potentials, fabricated mater ials, machinery and other assets were listed, not forgetting our very large store of gold. Before problems on which there were Russo American differences came up on the agenda —occasionally as much as three days before —Mr. Hull would casually pass around one of these documents. Undoubtedly the Russians, whose country has been terribly devastated by war and who have lost millions of men, read the information very carefully and did not miss its post-war bearing. Whether or not these reminders of what one good friend could do for another, if that friendship was reciprocal and understanding, helped the con ference to its successful conclusion cannot be known. But Mr. Hull came back thinking they had certainly done no harm to his ob jective. Now the reports are that the President also mentioned physical as well as spiritual facts to Mr. Molotoff, to demonstrate his statement that continued close Russo-Amencan relations would insure Russia’s security as well a* pay excellent and essential post-war dividends. Such relations, the President is represented as pointing out, were never achieved or main tained between two nations when one acted unilaterally, and often by force, instead of after consultation and agreement, particular ly when the other had numerous elements of strength that made it unnecessary for these acts to be performed out of a sense of inse If the Big Three stand together, keep their pledges and are just to all other nations and the deserving groups in those nations, Mr. Truman is reputed to have observed, no one of them need fear aggression, a new rise of “fascism,” or interfere imperially with the affairs of neighbors on the basis of such fears. From these arguments, if accepted, the con clusion was easy that Russia, for example, could ease its Polish international political policy and place less stress on disputed de tails in the Dumbarton Oaks draft with great immediate and prospective benefit to Russia and without risk of any evil consequences. American military power could also have been mentioned as part of this assurance, arid there is some reason to think it was. Until our troops formed a junction with the Red Army, each people knew the strength of the other only by report. Mr. Molotoff was in that situation, although his reports have been more intimate and more voluminous than have come to any Russian except Marshal Stalin. Therefore, if the President dwelt on the unparalleled power of our air forces and their police value against whatever aggression may be attempted in the immediate future, and if he gave some account of our war ma chine and the labor and resources pool behind it, that would have provided a strong argu ment and even a warning. At Moscow the Soviets did not attempt to match Mr. Hull’s documents with their own balance-sheets, and perhaps Mr. Molotoff, since the President was conceding; Russian power, did not do that in Washington. It would have supported the President’s point. But if he got a “broader interpretation’’ of the Yalta agreement on Poland, it was not be cause he came empty-handed for whatever adjustment of views were proposed by th^ President who, as a Missourian, called this “horse-trading” but did not use the term in its sordid sense. For example, Russian armies are now astride most of the areas in Europe which will produce the surplus food and minerals of that Continent when conditions approach normal. Excess grains, meal, potatoes, oil, natural gas, iron ore, coal and gold will come in chief bulk from territories of the Soviet or those now dominated by its armies and political influence. Doubtless none of the con ferees failed to realize that. -V Manila is dead, and Tokyo must die not in reprisal but as a defense measure necessary to insure Pacific peace. — Brig. Gen Carlos P. Romula. -V I was getting smaller and smaller and the lice were getting stronger and stronger. I Pvt. Earl L. Todd of Evansville, Ind., on liberation from German prison hospital. | “.MARY HAD A LITTLE LAMB” —— r— . * . " Berlin Became World Metropolis Within Last Seventy-Five Years The rise and ruin of Berlin as Germany's capital and a world metropolis have taken place with in three quarters of a century, points out the National Geograph ic Society. Although the city dates from medieval times, and was the capital in turn of Brandenburg and Prussia, it was not until 1871 that it joined front ranks of interna tional cities as the government seat of the newly-formed German Empire. Between 1870 and 1939, Berlin’s population rose from less than 900,000 to nearly four and a hall million, making it the largest city on the European continent. It had also become Germany^ Number One industrial and commercial center, the hub of transport lines by air, highway, rail, river, and canal. Berlin’s early as well as mod ern development was the result ol a mixture of historical factors and nrfnfaei toano tiscee icnotnovct a mixture of historical factors and its location on convenient traffic a mixture of historical factors and its location on convenient traffic routes across the North German Plain. The city grew out of two fishing villages mentioned as early as the 13th century on an island and near-by bank of the Spree river', a hundred straight - line miles from the Baltic Sea. Lying between the great Elbe and Oder rivers, west and east, and between the southern German highlands and sea outlets on the north, Ber lin became an easily-bridged, nat ural crossroads on paths of trade and conquest. In pioneering days, it was an outpost of the militant religious or ders of the Teutonic Knights in their campaigns to subjugate and convert the Slavs in this part of Eiyope. Later, as the capital ol Brandenburg, Berlin was the nu cleus of the expanding power of the Hohenollern family, destined to create and rule the militaristic j state of Prussia before its fall in 1918, and eventually to dominate all Germany. From the time of its origin, Ber lin made spectacular leaps in growth and development, inter rupted by occasional periods of letdown. In the century following 1688, the city’s inhabitants in creased from 20,000 to nearly 150, 000; in the decade between 1870 and 1880, from some 826,000 to 1,122,000. Before the first World War. Greater Berlin was ap proaching a population of four mil lion, a figure that dropped soon after the war to two million. Re ports of the early 1920’s indicated that perhaps 200,000 of the people then living in Berlin were Rus sian refugees from the Bolshevik Revolution. Visitors also men tioned that the Berliners seemed poorly dressed and ill-nourished, although actual war destruction had not reached the city. Modern Berlin had an area of 341 square miles sprawled over flat, open plain, unsheltered from summer heat or bitter winter winds. The city site is 34 miles long from west to east. Before the aerial punishment of the present war, it was the nation’s second inland port, linked with the rest of the country by a complex net work of waterways. A dozen or more railways ran through Berlin. It also had electrical metropolitan lines. In addition to the transport fa cilities which have played an im portant role in giving Berlin the uncomfortable lead among Eu rope’s tomb targets, this city op erated nearly 200 of the leading factories of Germany, employing one-tenth of the nation’s industrial workers. Its manufacturing activi ties were many and varied, includ ing huge plants turning out such war-vital products as electrical equipment, airplane engines, ca bles, armaments, machine tools, chemicals. Situated in the sub urbs ringing Berlin proper, some of these factories were surround ed by worker*’ homes and other buildings that constituted towns within the city. The swift rise of Berlin as an ambitious commercial center, to gether with the extensive building The Literary Guidepost By W. G. ROGERS ‘•THE FARMER AND THE REST OF US,” by Arthur Moore (Little, Brown; $2.50). Though I’m getting around to this book a little late, too late perhaps for spring planting, it’s never too late in the season for the kind of seeds in which Moore is interested. Editor of the Daily Pantagraph, published in the middle of the Il linois corn belt, he is no special pleader, has no ax to grind, isn’t trying to sell Farm Bureau, AAA, Farmers Union or Grange, or even the Pantagraph. He has, however, long - term convictions for which he pleads now with passion, now amusingly, always effectively, and he stands up for them regardless of what toes he steps on. He defines agri culture's “legitimate goal” as “adequate diet for all,” says the “family farm must be dominant” and the land protected “by a sat isfactory rural life,” and demands an end to strife between farm-and farm groups as well as farm-and labor groups. As Moore pictures him . . and it’s a wholly creditable ‘ portrait ... the farmer is out of luck like everyone else in a depression and nearly as badly off in boom times, when his earnings flow too easily from his land to town. It’s not the farmer’s fault, but society’s, that “the world has never had enough to eat.’’ “When will the town, the city and the capital,” Moore asks with a hint of despair, “understand what he (the farmer) means to American life?” The answer would seem to be, about as soon as town, city and capital read this book. GREEN CARGOES,” by Anne Dorrance Doubleday, Doran; $2. Plants are great travelers; they shipped with Columbus, with Capt. Bligh of the Bounty; they were in Phoenician galleys, they use planes today. Nutmegs and cloves from Am boina, chinchona seeds from Peru, and tea, rubber, cereals, potatoes, rice, tobacco, fruits lilies, dahlias, marigolds, fuchsias . . . these and many more will travei even far ther in this pleasant book. “THE ENCYLOP EDIA OF FRUITS, BERRIES AND NUTS AND HOW TO GROW THEM,” by Albert E. Wilkinson (Blakiston; $.69). This guide for home gardeners tells what and how and where and when to plank , programs carried on periodically from the time of Frederick the Great, gave a predominating mod ern flavor to the German capital, in which few landmarks were left of its medieval past. Its wide paved streets, intricate system o transport, massive government buildings, and modernistic hotels, office buildings, department stores and apartment houses lent an air of power and solidity to the city now reported to be a bombed-out shambles. -V Daily Prayer FOR SURRENDERED SONS Like Thee, O heavenly Father, we have offered up our sons for the world's redemption; and we seek closer fellowship with Thee in this service, that Thy spirit and Thy strength may be ours. En large our sympathies so that ^e may comprehend all the wide world of need, even to the genera tions unborn, that are to be served and saved by this war for liberty and justice and brother hood. Daily we lift our prayers to Thee that we may be sancti fied and built up by the sacred ness of the Cause in which we are enlisted. Let this war do its purifying and ennobling work up on our characters; so that we all may learn to live daily for high ends outside of ourselves. As we cry to Thee for victory, may we never lose sight of the holy pur pose of our Cause, nor of Thee, our Inspirer, Leader and Strength ened Amen.—W.T.E. -V Butterfat Of Milk In N. C. Rated High RALEIGH, April 29 — UP)— The average cow in North Carolina last year produced about 459 gal lons of milk and 178 pounds of butterfat, according to the statis tics division of the State Agricul ture Department. The total production of the 390, 000 cows in this State was 1,540, 000,000 pounds of milk. While milk production per cow was higher than for any other State south of Maryland, it was below the national average of 4,578 pounds. However, the butterfat content of milk pro duced in North Carolina was high —4.5 per cent to 3.97 per cent for the national average. 17 British Civil Defense Corps To Be Disbanded LONDON, March 29—(iP)—Brit ain’s civil defense services, which have performed so valiantly throughout the war, will be dis banded soon, the Ministry of Home Security announced tonight. Plans call for alrrjost immediate disbandment of the Tioyal Observ er Corps, who’are wardens of the coastal areas, and of the air de fense units, although full-time civil defense workers will stay on the job for a short time longer. -V TAPES CANCELS MEETING RALEIGH, April 29 — UP)— The annual meeting of the North Caro lina chapter of the International Association of Public Employment Services, scheduled for May, has been cancelled due to the ODT or der restricting travel to conven tions, R. C. Godwin, president of the chapter, said today. BRITISH SOCIAL PLAN SUGGESTED Seeks Solicitation 0( Bank, Coal Mines And Utilities BRISTOL, England. April 29 - (A*)—Home Secretary Herbert Mor. rison urged Britons today to threw overboard “the amiable, useless part-time, old-school-tie, aristocrat ic or M. P. directors" of the na tion’s industries in the next gen! eral elections. A laborite in Prime Minister Churchill’s coalition government Morrison outlined to a labor party gathering the organization's tenta tive platform for the first national elections in Britain in 10 years" The program calls for socially tion of the Bank of England, coal mines, utilities and inland trans portation. Morrison maintained it would leave “full play for vidual initiative, originality and creative skill.” I a ITIT i _ i ... I ”c iiavc uuiic 11 in war; letg show that we can do it in peace he said. “Men will look back in the tu ture and marvel at the strength" and resources of a country wntch could carry for so long the bur den of this privileged, uncreative group of guinea pigs. Today these gentlemen have become more than a joke. \Ve are reaching the point where we must rid ourselves of every unnecessary burden. Britain has got to strip for action," Sir Stafford Cripps, independent member of commons and minister of aircraft production, told the meeting that the labor party's prime objective was “to displace the old conception, which still lingers on, that property, money and material possessions are more important than human life «nd happiness.’’ "If the government is respon sible for full employment,” he said, “it must also be given powers not only to plan our industrial output but also to see that that plan is carried out. It is not practical to rely upon parties that do not be lieve in planning to carry out s policy which must depend upon the capacity of the government 10 plan the economic life o 1 the country.” -V STRANGE THINGS ON WEST FRONT (ttontlmied from Pag* One) the German lieutenant ordered him to do so. The lieutenant shot him, with a luger he had been given for his own protection in the event of a fight. The patrol moved on about 10 miles, picking up willing Germans and killing a few here and there. Then they captured a German au tomobile. The German lieutenant jumped into the automobile and declared that he would drive to a nearby German command post and try to convince the Germans to surren der. Pfc. /.lex Weiss, 23. of 871 New Lots Avenue. Brooklyn. N. Y., volunteered to accompany him. The two drove merrily oft. “I did not know whether I would ever s-ee them again,” Lt. Babbit said.. ‘‘Weiss had plenty of nerve." But in a little while they were back. They had driven into a Ger man division command post with out any trouble. They called upon the division' commander and the German lieutenant, pointing to his decorations, launched into a sales talk on how wonderful it was to be behind American lines in an American prison camp. The com mander did not need much sell ing. He agreed to surrender the 5,000 men of his division as a group, although it was the only reserve division the German army had in this area between the Rus sians and the Elbe. The German commander had conditions. He would give up, bu the Americans would have to oc cupy the territory he held, to keep the Russians out. If not, he would fight the Russians to the lest mao, But the Ninth Army is not ad vancing beyond the Elbe these days, so the surrender had to be refused. And because Babbit said there was little percentage in try ing to fight the patrol through 'be German division he trotted h:s force back across the Elbe, gath ering up a few more prisoners a! he moved along. And tiiat is the Western Front on a quiet day nowadays. -V Ibl Polish Jews Ordered Buried By Yank Officer! WITH THE U. S. 90th DIVISION IN GERMANY, April 29-'.T,;-Tn« bodies of 161 Polish Jews who were murdered by SS troopers we e moved from roadside mudholei t<r day and buried by the Germans M the town of Neunberg. The buna was carried out at the direction of American Army officers. All of the victims, who had tered on the March from El°ss^r'' berg and Buchenwald concern-a‘ tion camps, had been shot throus the head or clubbed to death W SS guards. New England Family Is Burned To Death PLYMOUTH, Mass., April *■' <U.R)—Trapped by flames that s;^ their two-story wooden dwe Mr. and Mrs. Adam Gascoyne. “ ; | about 50, and their U'>'e 1 .j daughter, Albina, burned to today. get A son-in-law and daugmc.. ^ and Mrs. Kenneth Davis ieaP safety from a second stor) dow. a
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April 30, 1945, edition 1
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