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FORECAST ^ ^ ^ g d B L \ turnttgum iHnnmtn fnar SJIs. ^ VOLi!8^— -------WILMINGTON, N. C., WEDNESDAY, MAY 23, 1945 ESTABLISHED 1867 Ifandate Isle Plan Blocked EGYPTIAN AMENDMEN1 Move Covers Islands Giver To Japan After World War 1 -AH FRANCISCO, May 22.-(A Sh Britain and the Urntec «Ie, leading the fight, a pro S which would have P acec IZ strategic Pacific islands I *Xmatically under Internationa in a new world organization blocked today at the Unitec Rations conference. * Turned down in a committee con ciriering trusteeships for dependen nd strategic areas of the world an Egyptian amendmen ,,,hjch would have placed man ltes from the last World Wai under supervision of a new league That would have covered such islands as the Marshalls, Mariana: ind Carolines, mandated to Japar ,fter the last conflict and snatch ed from her in this one at th< cost of American lives and blood j The United States, above all else ; jn a trusteeship system, wants tc make sure that she can contro Pacific bases which the Army anc Ravy consider vital to the mainten ance of peace in the Pacific. The Egyptian amendment, which got only six affirmative votes, would have upset the whole trus teeship theory which the commit te has been considering—that areas should be placed undei jurisdiction of the world organiza tion only by consent of the powers possessing the mandated terri tnries. Commander Harolu E. Stassen, tor the United States, and Lord Cranborne for the British, argued vigorously against that. The ballot, Stassen said, “should clear the way for other points. II was an important decision affect ing the core of the trusteeship system.” He told reporters he was work ing personnally on a compromise and was discussing the projecl with the British and French. He hopes to report on the plan at s committee meeting tomorrow. Put over for further discussior tomorrow was a Guatemalan amendment which provides tha' trusteeship should not be applied to territories over which two mem bers of the world organization are in dispute. As Stettinius, official host of the conference, packed up for a flying trip to the capital, issues at the San Francisco world parley stacked up this way: 1. Big and little powers are fussing about the right the greal nations have cut out for them selves to determine what the new world organization will do about enforcing peace. A voting formula worked out at a Big-Three meeting at Yalta this spring requires unani mity among China, France, Britain. Russia and America. Any one o: them could veto peace-keeping ac hon in the organization’s proposed Security Council. It may take a few days to settle this issue. 2- The Big-Three nations arc agreed, and so are most of the Tatin American states, on a For mula which would let groups o: states take collective defensive measures against an aggressor un til the Security Council stepped (Continued on Page Three; Col. 6) u. s. WILL REDUCE MEAT FOR BRITONS MwuoN. May 22—(U.R)—Briton: ?ere notified today that Unitec Mates meat shipments to Britan would cease for the next three onths and simultaneously thej ,«e warned they must go on i wo-wartime diet to feed the lib 'rated countries of Europe. statement by the Ministry o: Agriculture said that no Aeat cat e expected from the United State: v.:'ng *he fuird quarter of this (C .lhc. statement added tha tinnci 3 'vd,.at<ernPt to make addi for t'„ amities of meat available uhe Br.itisft the !• ol,nistry of Agriculture saie of nefid Iaces a meat shortagi tvero ' y 2 no° 000 tons but there EraLSfUfflClent whr?at and othe: ttc;,ou 'vorld requirements, al «d ‘L dlStr,bution Problems offer grave difficulties.’’ WEATHER ^Eastern Standard Time) * 'oroiogioa, 3Veat,h€r Bureau' 'Odinn 7-an 3 f0r the 24 hour tfX2«p‘ m- yesterday. 1:30 a m TEMPERATURE * 7:30 p.’ 7:30 a- m- 70; 1:30 p. m komfai"1,™ 8°’ Minimum 65; Mean 72 l:30a HUMIDITY »: 7:3»' 3' m' 78: 1:30 P- m Total for ERr,«pITATIO>c two inches rTf ending 7:30 *• mo«b. 1.48 inches™* the £irSt ° <Fr°m theID™ F“R TODAY U' s- Coast d»n*TSIes Published b; and Geodetic Survey.) Wilmington High Low Sion - 7:10 am 1:55 an Mas°nboro Inlet V45 pm 2:19 P" t lnlet — 5:04 am 11:19 an , Sunrise ..... _ 5:42 pm 4:11 P- ni ■ mV Sunset. 7:12; Moonrisc State ni’ • onSet, 3:24 a. m. 1 wer at Fayetteville, 11:00, 1,000 Vets Of Aerial War Against Germany Arrive In U. S. Base BRADLEY FIELD, Conn., May 22.—(U.R)—Sixty-five Flying Fortress and Liberator bomb ers glided down on this Con necticut airport this afternoon, bringing home from rengi«.<i more than 1,000 American vet erans of the European air war in which the Luftwaffe was completely smashed. After a 30-day furlough, these pilots and crewmen of the fam ed Eighth and 15th Air -Forces will start training in new heavy bombers which will give Japan the same treatment that laid Germany helpless before in vasion armies. These were the first men of the two air forces to fly back to the United States in their own planes, and they grinned and shouted at each other as they climbed from their bomb ers. MEN OVER 30SET FOR DEFERMENTS Those On Useful Jobs Are Named In New Blanket Order WASHINGTON, May 22— Mi Indefinite blanket deferment of mer 30 and over who remain in “use ful” jobs was ordered today by Selective Service. This liberalized policy, effective at once, results from the narrow ing of the war to one front, Draft Director Lewis B. Hershey an nounced at a news conference. He disclosed that the draft call will be cut about 25 per cent to 90,000 men a month beginning in July. But Hershey predicted at the same time that as a result of the new leniency for older men, it will be necessary to call an increasing number of occupationally deferred registrants 18 through 29. The policy change covering older men affects principally those 30 through 33, who up to now have been required to be “necessary men regularly engaged” in an es sential activity. The change puts them on the same footing as men 34 through 37, who have been re quired only to be engaged in es sential work. In the future occupational defer ments granted to men 30 and over no longer will be subject to review every six months. But will be good for an indefinite period, Hershey added. Selective Service instructed local boards to review the cases of all registrants 30 through 37 who are in 1-A and to defer any who may qualify under the new more liberal policy. Hershey emphasized that draft boards will have wide discretion in determining the essentiality of a job ,and indicated that those en gaged in important consumer goods production will receive considera tion in the granting of deferments. The draft director explained that while the War Manpower Commis sion’s list of essential activities will continue to be used as a guide, local boards “are not in any way restricted dr limited by the list.” Local boards also were intsruct ed to handle with “sympathetic consideration” the cases of all fathers 30 and over, and to resolve in their favor any decision where doubt is involved. Hershey pointed out that fathers of three or more children are im mediately entitled to 36 of the 85 points the Army requires for dis charge. (Continued on Page Ten; Col 2.) Yanks Smash Through Yonabaru, ^alaybalay Captured; Churchill ; / Indicates Election For Great Britain Quick Action Is Advocated ‘BICKERING’ FLAYED Expected To Advise King To Dissolve Parlia ment Soon LONDON, May 22—<£>)—Priftie Minister Churchill, stung by the labor party’s refusal to continue in his coalition government until the end of the Japanese war, in effect called today for a quick general election to end the pres ent “bickering” of the British cabinet. In a letter to Deputy Prime Min ister and Labor Party Leader Clement Attlee, Churchill mention ed no date, but he generally was expected to announce tomorrow or Thursday that he was advising the king to dissolve parliament in three weeks, with an election to be held July 5. The labor party, in convention at Blackpool, rejected yesterday Churchill's proposal that the war born coalition stick together until victory over Japan, yet the party had desired to postpone an elec tion until Autumn. Churchill, taking the attitude that, since the coalition would not work with him until the end, the issue should be decided at once, said flatly that a prolonged elec tioneering atmosphere until Au tumn “might soon weaken the country before the world.” Administrative efficiency already is suffering from this atmosphere, he. saifi. . The Prime Minister's letter to Attlee Was made public shortly after the labor delegates had adopt ed a 12-point platform aimed at the ultimate establishment “of a (Continued on Page Ten; Col 1) LEND LEASE IS SET UNTIL JAPS LICKED, PRESIDENT REPORTS WASHINGTON, May 22.—(U.R)— President Truman told Congress today that lend-lease will be con tinued until Japan is defeated but on a reduced basis. In a letter accompanying the foreign economic administration’s 19th report on lend-lease opera tions, he said that reductions in Allied war production and lend lease will be possible “even as we and our Allies throw augmented forces into the decisive offensives against the Japanese.” But, he added, lend-lease and re verse lend-lease must continue on a scale which will bring an “early and complete end to this terrible war.” FEA reported that the United States sent its Allies $38,971,797,000 in lend-lease during the four years ending March 31. Now the program has been adjusted and reduced to take into account the end of the European war and the “new mili tary situation.” a. _ m Our Part Of Reich i Designated for prolonged post war occupation by the 15th TJ. S. Army, the shaded area (above) contains some 14,000 square miles of the conquered Reich and in cludes the rich Saar Basin, the Rhine Valley and the western half of the industrial Ruhr. Its pre-war population was about 11,000,000. Bremen and Bremerhaven have also been taken over by the IT. S. Navy for our use. (International) FLENSBURG GROUP NAMED BY ALLIES Eisenhower’s Party Is In structed To Work With Russians PARIS, May 22.—(/fV-Both Ihe Allies and the Russians are dis patching “control parties” to Flensburg near the Danish fron tier to use the German high com mand as ai. intermediary in con trolling and administering German forces, Supreme Allied headquar ters announced today. The Allied delegation, headed by Maj. Gen. Lowell W. Rooks as Gen. Eisenhower’s representative, has been instructed to work in close collaboration with the Soviet group. A brief announcement that the control parties were moving in on the “Flensburg group” of Grand Admiral Karl Doenitz indicated that the Allies had decided to de mand the utmost assistance from (Continued on Page Three; Col. 4) AMERICAN ^SHIPPING LOSS IS REPORTED AT 6,590,000 TONS MOBILE, Ala., May 22.—(U.R)— Rear Admiral Emory S. Land, chairman of the U. S. Maritime Commission, disclosed here to night that 6,590,000 tons of Amer ican shipping has been lost since the start of the European war in 1939 but that losses have been re placed seven times over by ship yards of this country. Land revealed in a national Mar itime Day speech that 81 Ameri can shipyards had turned out 7, 100 ships grossing 56,000,000 dead weight tons. These included 2,600 of the familiar Liberty ships, 641 tankers and thousands of other types of vessels. Land said he was “fed up with the eternal alibi that a shipping shortage was responsible for delay in winning the war.” The delay, he said, was not so much through a shortage of ships as it was due to the temporary shortage of cargo at piers, shortage of inland transpor tation, the “too extensive use of ships as floating storehouses” and other “kindred ailments.” ' I * Last Large Enemy-Held City On Mindanao Taken MANILA, Wednesday, May 23.—(U.R)—Maj. Gen. Clarence Martin’s IJ. S. 31st Division, pacing a nine-division assault on the last major knots of Jap anese resistance in the Philip pines, has captured the pro vincial capital of Malaybalay, last big enemy-held city on Mindanao, it was announced today. The Americans, in addition to seising the capital of Bukid non province, also secured its nearby airfield against scatter ed Japanese resistance. The advance put the 31st Di vision within 21 airline miles of the Americal and 40th Di visions driving down into Min danao from the north. Those outfits were meeting determin ed resistance along the Sayre highway near the town of Maluko as the Japanese fought hard to prevent a junction which would split Mindanao. The 24th Division, charging ahead in the Davao area, 85 miles southeast of Malaybalay, advanced four miles against moderate opposition and reach ed the northern outskirts of Burnawan, 13 miles north east of Davao. There, Gen. Douglas MacArthur’s com munique said the men of MaJ. Gen. Roscoe B. Woodruff’s Di vision were less than two miles from Licanan airdrome, the last Jap airfield in the Davao region, former center of Japanese fifth column ac tivity in the Philippines. Malaybalay, an agricultural town of 18,000 persons, was captured Sunday a spokesman reported. On Luzon, five other 1J. S. divisions maintained steady pressure on Japanese defenses in the rugged Sierra Madre mountains east of Manila, (Continued on Page Ten; Col. S( ARMY PROCEEDS TOWARD STRIKE Estimated 100 Vehicles Involved In Movement To Chicago CHICAGO, May 22—«P>—Troops headed itoward Chicago late to day asOtofteyal intervention was expecteWOTromentarily in a truck arivats strike tfcpt^as tiedf up food and vital materials for nearly a week. A detachment of soldiers ap proached the metropolis from the southeast, through northern Indi ana communities. Public relations officers of the Sixth Service Com mand in Chicago declined to dis cuss the movement, where the troops were bound from and for, or the possible purpose of the trip. In Gary, Ind., reporters estimat ed the movement consisted of about 100 vehicles. Some form of Federal, interven tion became assured after the Na tional War Labor Board referred the dispute over wages and hours to Economic Stabilizer William H. Davis in Washington. Effects of the walkout of 6,500 independent union members were being felt beyond the metropoli tan area. Some railroad freight was back ing up for lack of interline trans fer service, waste paper saved in the war salvage campaign was pil ing up, and over-the-road trucking was hampered by a shortage of loading and unloading facilities. At least one war plant, the Au tomatic Electric Company, manu facturer of signal and telephone equipment for the armed forces was compelled to shut down. Po lice labor detail squad cars were convoying within Chicago trucks handling war materials,gdrugs for hospitals and perishablelfoods. A suit demanding damages of $1,000,000 was filed against the striking independent Chicago Truck Drivers’ Union by the Kee shin Motor Express Co., headed by John L. Keeshin. The suit, filed in Federal court, alleged the concern would, be forced out of busipess unless the strikers were ordered to comply the War Labor Disputes Act. The suit was the second one filed since the strike began. On Saturday, the Motor Express, Inc., and the Chicago Tunnel Transport Co., sued for a total of $1,100,000 on similar grounds. Referral of the strike, in ef fect since Midnight Wednesday, to (Continued on Page Three; Col. 1) BRITISH, YANKS NEARINS TRIESTE Penetrate Deep Into Dis puted Venezie Giulia Territory ROME, May 22.—(U.FD—British Eighth Army troops, reinforced by the powerful United States Second Corps, have occupied a line run ning northwards from Trieste to a oint five miles east of Gorizia in a deep penetration into the disput ed Venebie Giulia territory, Allied headquarters announced tonight. Towns occupied included Monte Spino and Tamova in what was officially described as a further stage of a forward concentration into the Italian territory claimed by Marshal Tito of Yugoslavia. The Second Corps was command ed by Lt. Gen. Geoffrey Keyes. All day British and American troops had been moving eastward into disputed territory, avoiding areas actually occupied by Tito’s troops, and Field Marshal Sir Harold Alexander and Maj. Gen. Alfred M. Gruenther, Fifth Army chief of staff, had flown to Trieste for a first-hand inspection of the area. (BBC, heard by NBC, reported that Gen. Mark Clark, American commander of Allied troops in Italy, arrived in Trieste also.) The military moves, carefully mapped to avoid friction with the Yugoslav troops in the areas, were made without reported incidents. As tfiey were made, reliable sources reported Allied diplomatic figures conferred at Caserta on the Trieste situation. Rear Adm. Ellery Stone, chair man of the Allied commission; Sir Noel Charles and Alexander Kirk, British and United States ambas (Continued on Page Ten; Col. 5) _i May Ask Discharge Technical Sergeant Jake W. Lindsey (above), 24, of Lucedale, Miss., who is the nation’s 100th infantryman to be awarded the Congressional Medal of Honor, is ‘‘seriously considering” asking dis charge from the Army on the basis of 135 points. He was cited for his ‘‘one-man war” on the Nazis near Namick, Germany. (International) CHINESE DRIVE INTO JAP LINES Enemy’s Trans-China Sup ply Corridor Faces Greatest Threat CHUNGKING, May 22.—m Chinese troops, hurling back strong enemy counter-attacks, have rip ed 22 miles into Japanese lines in the initial blows of China’s new offensive against the south end of the broad enemy lifeline to Indo China and Burma, the high com mand disclosed tonight. The developing Chinese offen sive in Kwangsi province 150 miles north of Indo-China was regarded by Chungking observers as the war’s most serious Chinese threat to the west flank of Japan’s trans China supply corridor. Striking out from the captured Japanese bastion of Hochih, 330 miles south of Chunking, Chinese forces were sweeping eastward along the Kwangsi - Kweiyang (Kweichow) railroad toward the vital Japanese-held rail city of Liu chow. Liuchow, biggest and most pow erful Japanese stronghold in south ern China, lies astride the long north-south railroad cutting across China that links Manchuria with enemy outposts in Indo-China and Burma. The Chinese were advancing along the north and south em bankments of the Kwangsi-Kwei yang railroad, and the Chinese command announced that forces below the railroad had advanced (Continued on Page Ten; Col 2.) Rain Hampers NahaAdvance 1,000 YARDS GAINED Undefended City Reduced To Rubble By Gunfire And Bombing GUAM, Wednesday, May 'UP)—Doughboys of the Seventh In* fantry Division, back in the fight after a brief rest, smashed through the undefended city of Yontbaru, eastern anchor of the tough ene* my line across southern Okinawa, and pressed 1,000 yards beyond the rubbled city yesterday. The advance beyond Yonabaru was announced today by Fleet Adm. Chester W. Nimitz, who re ported that rains and mud limit ed operations on the central and western sectors, where the Yanks are threatening the major Okina wa cities of Shuri and Naha. Maj. Gen. Archibald V. Arw nold’s Seventh Infantry Division pushed through Yonabaru to reach the villages of Rioi and Itarashiku. Nimitz said the Japanese chose not to defend Yonabaru, which was thoroughly reduced by gun fire and bombing. Maj. ?Gen. James L. Bradley's 96th Infantry Division continued its attack on stiff Japanese defenses in the Conical hill sector west of Ynnaharn Another Heavy night counterat tack against Maj. Gen. Pedro A. Del Valle’s First Marine Division on the west flank was turned back with 80 Japanese killed. * Twelve to 15 Japanese planes attacked American shipping in the Okinawa area at dusk Monday. Eight were shot down and the re mainder were chased off. No dam age was reported. American commanders at Oki nama forecast the breakdown soon of organized last-stand Japanese resistance on the island under the continuous grinding pressure of U. S. Tenth Army Infantry and Ma rines. “If the weather doesn’t impede us, I think we will break the Jap resistance soon,” said Maj. Gen. Roy Geiger, commander of the Third Amphibious Marine Corps’ Sixth and First Divisions at the front. The Yanks will “capture this island in the comparatively near future,” said Vice Adm. Rich mond K. Turner, commander of Naval forces around the island. Turner said Okinawa, three fourths in American hands, al ready is a base for aerial attacks on southern Japan, only 325 miles to the north, and* on Formosa and enemy air bases in the Ryukyus. Thirty-five Japanese planes div ed in for low level attacks on American ships off Okinawa Sun day evening, damaging five light U. S. units. Only nine of the Nip ponese aircraft escaped destruc tion. A furious 500-man Japanese counterattack Sunday night on Su gar Loaf hill, west coast height on the Okinawa line, was turned back by Sixth Division Marines who had secured the crest after 11 bloody attacks. Then the Leathernecks pushed 200 yards south of Sugar Loaf Mon day, winning a limestone ridge on their right flank to dominate the Asato river, which flows through Naha, Okinawa capital city, front reports said. . Another Marine surge In this area took the Devildogs to the crest of Half Moon hill, but Japa. nese command of a nearby height kept the Americans from cleaning up the reverse slopes of the hill. Some of the Japanese in the chftrge up Sugar Loaf hill wore American Marine uniforms and carried U. S. weapons. The enemy left 200 dead on the hillside. Ma rine losses also were heavy. On one slope were the bodies of 30 Marines and 15 Japanese, and Pfc. Paul R. Hunter, Lake Worth, Fla., commented: “That’s the first time I’ve ever seen a hill with more Marine bodies than Jap bod ies.’’ ADM. FURLONG SAYS! WASHINGTON, May —A war bond statement from Rear Admiral William R. Fan. long, commandant, Navy Yard, Pearl Harbor: “Our job at Pearl Harbor la keeping the ships fit to fight. Tour war bonds purchase the steel, guns and equipment with which we repair the bat tle-damaged ships and return them to the fight. The men who fight and die in these ships deserve your purchase of war bonds utU K hurts.” j Surplus Shipping Cited By U. S. Maritime Chief The Wilmington Propeller club, meeting at the Cape Fear Country : club in celebration of Maritime Day last night, heard Ralph H. Hal ' lett, director, Division of Regula tion, Maritime Commission, t>ro 1 nounce the surplus of shipping the ! number one problem of the pos ! war shipping interests. Characterizing the job of keep ing a huge war fleet afloat as ' a most important one, Hallett •pro claimed the U. S. as a potentially great maritime nation. That we have had our fair share of even ou: own water commerce in the pa is a recognized fact, he said. Mr Hallett deemed it advisable i to lay up a certain proportion o! our war-bom fleet after this wai , under strict regulations forbidding its use except in case of nationa. : emergency. Terming a large maritime serv . ice an essential adjunct to the Navy, he emphasized the part play ed by the Merchant Marine in oui E Naval successes. _ _ The voyage of the S. •. Savan , nah, the first steam-driven vesse to cross the Atlantic, May . 22, 1819 was the beginning of our mechan ! ized conquest of the seas, he said i It was from this small beginmnf that our fleet of thousands oi ’ ships has developed, he pointec out. Hallet gave little encouragement to members of the organization for an early end to the Japanese war. “That war will call for all our efforts to turn out the necessary ships and to operate them suc cessfully”, he said. “This will be a long war and a tough one if Iwo (Continued on Page Ten; Col. 5) Aimless Balloon Attacks Launched On U. S., Government Says No Property Is Damaged WASHINGTON, May 22.—(£>) Aimless Japanese balloon attacks nave been made on the western U. S. mainland for several months, the Army and Navy announced today. Carrying a few small bombs, the unmanned balloons float with out control, their main purpose believed to be to set brush and forest fires. No property damage has resulted from the enemy’s “fantastic effort,” the announce ment said. ' The balloons are of gray, white or greenish-blue paper, about 33 feet in diameter. They are “known to have landed or dropped explo X sives in isolated localities,” it was stated. But it was emphasized that the attacks “should not be viewed with alarm.” The military made the announce ment as a warning to the public. Uflc'xploded bombs may be found in isolated places and should be avoided, it stated. The balloons have been the talk of the west for months. Until to day, however, the office of censor ship forbade any mention of them in the press. Asking the public to keep spe cific information of the balloons from the enemy, the war and navy departments said today the at tacks were scattered and aimless, without military threat, but de tailed facts might help the Jap anese to correct their methods. “There is always the possibility that unexploded bombs may be found lying in isolated spots or concealed in wooded areas,” the statement said. “Some may be buried in melt ing snow. With the coming of warm weather and the end of the school session it is desirable that people and especially children, liv ing west of the Mississippi river, be warned of this possible hazard and cautioned under no circum stances to touch or approach any unfamiliar object” The War Department has start ed an educational public safety campaign in cooperation with schools and civic organizations. The enemy would be aided great ly by exact information about time, locality and effect of the balloons in helping him to evaluate his ef forts, it was stated. Civilians were asked to do as press and radio have done and "re frain from spreading news of any specific balloon incident of which they may hear.” In asserting that the attacks "should not be viewed with alarm,” the announcement said. (Centhwed an Pace Three; OeL 1) Mistreatment Of Yanks By Goering Is Reported BERCHTESGADEN, May 22—(U.R) —Reichs Marshal Hermann Goer ing told Allied war correspondents in a recent interview that he al ways did his best to assure cor rect treatment of Allied prison ers. He was lying. A security unit of the U. S. 101st Airborne Division obtained, I through members of Adolf Hitler’s headquarters shorthand reporters’ staff, a transcript of a conference attended by Hitler last January 27 in which Goering, discussing the removal of 10,000 imprisoned Am erican and British airmen in Sile sia, proposed: “Pull off their pants and boots so they cannot run away in the snow.” The conference took place at a time when the Russian drive into Silesia appeared likely to liberate the Allied prisoners. An account of the conference proceedings is in the 101st Division’s hands along with the shorthand reporters’ staff. According to the transcript, the conference discussed routine mili tary questions, and then Goering said: “Around Sagan (45 miles south east of Cottbus, and about 45 miles from the old German-Polish fron tier) there are 10,000 captured air force officers. Guard and trans port facilities are not available. The, proposal is suggested that prisoners be left for their Russian ally. They’d get 10,000 fliers.” “Why haven’t they been sent away earlier? That’s, carelessness without comparison,” said Hitler. “That is the concern of the com (CMttwKd an Face Tan; Cal 4)
Wilmington Morning Star (Wilmington, N.C.)
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May 23, 1945, edition 1
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