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_ ^-SS^ ____ r_ _ _ Served Sy leased Wires Scents mm t |j» ■ immMm'M'V* fcjP1IJI? associated press "■"■*» THE •__ 3TAn~NEVTa ss. —_-1 ,- ^tihue g»©ia*g enw @1? ®®©®ei®8 &mb) [?>tt,igAgyEiey& 1- , vriCn'.—NO. 27.__WILMINGTON, N. C., SUNDAY, JULY 22, 1945__FINAL EDITION _ Enemy Dead On Borneo Now Totals 4J06 General MacArthur Reports From Manila MAVn.A, Sunday, July 22— .jp^Kn-my dead counted in all Borneo operations now total 4 306 with 441 captured, Gen. nouglas MacArthur announced today as Australian troops con tinued mopping-up operations . rfCentIy-captured territory around the Sambodja oil fields. tllied casualties—principally Australian—for the Borneo op erations, which include Tara itan and the Brunei Bay sector well as the Southeast Bor neo area of Balikpapan, now total 386 killed, 12 missing and 1 351 wounded, MacArthur’s communique said. The, ratio of Japanese dead to Allied dead thus was more than 11 to 1. While describing no new ground action on the island, MacArthur said l). S. Army 13th Air Force and Royal Aus tralian Air Force planes were continuing to bomb and strafe enemy rear area's, communica tions lines and fuel dumps. It was reported at headquar ters here that Dutch Colonial troops in the mopping-up op erations had thrust a mile and a half north of Sambodja and occupied the outlying village of Bambodja. It was disclosed also that the Sepinggang airfield near Balikpapan had been extended to 7,000 feet by Australian en gineers and is in use as a base for the close air support of the ground troops. Big Three Due lo Make Fateful Decisions Soon PAVING PROJECTS WILL BEGIN SOON City Manager A. C. Nichols an nounced yesterday paving would begin within the next lew weeks on the following streets, that are now ready for construction: Dick inson street, between Fanning and Hall streets; North 19th street, from Chestnut to Grace; Gibson street from Wrightsville to 23rd street; Wright street, from Third to Front; and a connection at 22nd street between Metts and Creecy streets. The paving of these streets is being done under appropriations provided in last year’s budget, and the paving of additional streets now under consideration will de pend upon funds allocated for this purpose in the budget for the com ing year. The curbs have already been set down prior to paving on Dickin son street, along Gibson street, and a portion of North 19th street, and on Wright street. The curbing has not yet been laid for the paving of the connection at Metts and Creecy streets. The residents dwelling on these streets have already pledge con tributions toward the paving of these streets, and paving will be gin in the very near future. There was no contribution made by re sidents for the paving of Wright street, since it is part of the state highway, for which the state pro vides funds. -v SENATORS SHOUT OK FOR U. S. PART IN FOOD ORGANIZATION WAHINGTON, July 21.— (JP) — The Senate shouted approval for United States membership in the United Nations Food Organiza tion today, thus forging another bond of international cooperation before it takes up the United Na tions Charter next week. During an hour and a half of de bate, Senators Revencomb (R.-W. Va.), Willis R.-Ind.), Bushfield (R.-S. D.) and others expressed some apprehension as to how far this country was committing itself. But when the resolution for mem bership was put to a vote there was no request for a roll call and ho “nays” were audible after a thorus of “ayes.” The resolution commits this coun try to contribute $625,000 to the first year's operations of the or ganization which grew fsom the International food conference held *t Hot Springs, Va., in 1943. It authorizes a contribution of up to SI,250,000 annually there-after. Twenty-three, other nations, in eluding the United Kingdom anc China, already have aoceptec membership. Europa Booked To Sail With 5,000 G.I.’s Sept. .1 BREMERHAVEN, Germany July 21.—(A1)—The Giant Germai luxury liner Europa is booked t< *or United States with 5, ®00 Gi’s aboard on Sept. 1—tw( Months ahead of schedule for he: transport. ■ . WEATHER FORECAST * “R l^ORTH CAROLINA: Sunda: ?“n -v cloudy and probable occasiona 6 nowers. 'Eastern Standard Time) By V,'. S. Weather Bureau) Meu^ ^logical data for the 24 hour 1:30 p.m., yesterday. . Temperature ; 30 am. 74; 7:30 am, 76; 1:30 pm, 83 '•‘5n pm, 73. Maximum, 84; minimum, 73; mear normal, 79. T . Precipitation in li f°r 24 hours eT*ding 7 :30 pm, 0 0 uwta* s‘nce the first of the montl lO.ob inches. Tides For Today 'On: the Tide Tables published b 5‘ Coast and Geodetic Survey). •*... High To' Wilmington - 7:36a 2:41 v,ac . 8:17p 2:47 Wahonboro Inlet_ 5:41a 11:31 t 5:56p - sunrise. 5:16; Sunset, 7:20; Moonrisi 32p Moonset, 2:49a. (Continued on Page Two; Col. 1 By MERRIMAN SMITH United Press Staff Correspondent POTSDAM, July 21—<U.R)—Presi dent Truman, Marshal Josef Stalin and Prime Minister Wins ton Churchill have comleted their preliminary discussions and are about to make fateful decisions which will affect the course of the world for years to come, it was announced today. What those decisions may be was not disclosed. But they will encompass innumerable acute problems with which the three lead ers have been struggling for near ly a week in the palace of the Hohenzollern Kings and Kaisers. An announcement made through the American delegation said the work of the conference has been going ahead throughout the week and “much serious business has been done.” Sketchy and unofficial informa tion available to correspondents in dicated that the majority of issues discussed by the three leaders were in the field of politics and econom ics. Reliable sources said the Big Three have not discussed military questions—(Meaning Russia’s pos sible entry into the war against Japan)—But if was pointed oul that the large military delegations brought to the conference by each of the three leaders may have been thrashing out military mat ters among themselves preliminary to presenting data to the leaders. It was believed the Big Three either had decided to settle politi cal and economic questions first, or had agreed that their solution had an important bearing on mili tary decisions. , Seeking perhaps to offset the ac cent on social events which stricl censorship has forced conferenci correspondents to over in lieu o the important news, the confer ence announcement emphasizec (Continued on Page Two; Col. 5 -V Ami iu dtnr *,dud PW COAL MINERS TO GERMANY AT ONCl WASHINGTON, July 21—Cd.R)— The War Department acted toda; to help the ease the critical Eu ropean coal situation by schedui mg the return to German coa mines of 2605 German prisoner of war who were former coal min ers. The Department said the men now in the United States, will b detailed to work in the mines ao will retain their prisoner-of-wa status. “By mining the needed ccal r Europe,” the Department saic “these men will cut down the pres sure on ship and rail transport: tion that would be involved in mo\ ing an equivalent amount of co: from this country. “The War Department recognize the serious political and soci: consequences which may resu from lack of fuel in Europe thj winter, and is doing everythin within its power to relieve thi condition.” Meanwhile, the French Embas sy hailed the Government’s d< cision to ship coal to France a an “important event” for Frenc recovery. Four Armies CrushDr/>. ALL BLOV c Chinese Hurl Spe^head To Gates Of Kweilin Base By GEORGE WANG United Press War Correspondent CHUNGKING, July 21.— (U.F» — Four Chinese armies today crush ed Japanese counter-attacks and hurled a spearhead to within one mile of Kweilin, the largest of 11 U. S. air base cities seized by the enemy last-year. The liberation of the three big airfields around the Kwangsi prov incial capital appeared imminent as Generalissimo Chiang Kai Shek’s troops pressed toward the city from the west, northwest, north and south. One force, in a 10-mile gain, advanced beyond Liangkiang and reached Tachiaot sun, less than one mile to the west. Today’s communique did not men tion a Chinese force that reported ly entered the city’s southern sub urbs several days ago. “Our troops have totally frus trated all enemy counter-attacks at points around the outer peri meter of Kweilin,” the communi que announced. Gen. Tang En Po, commander of Chinese field forces who recent ly forecast the liberation of Kweilin before the end of July, left for the front to direct the final assault. In a bold maneuver to cut off routed units fleeing the battle area, a fifth Chinese force battled to ward Chaunchsien, key railway city some 70 miles to the northeast. About 400 Japanese were killed in a furious struggle in that sector last Monday, today’s communique said. The main force advancing to ward Kweilin by-passed Yungfu, 31 miles to the southwest, and recap tured Liangfeng in an 18-mile tidal wave advance. Liangfeng, a mile from the Hunan-Kwangsi railway and an important highway town, is 13 miles directly south of Kweilin. It reportedly was captured Wed nesday. Yungfu, one of the ene my's big bases in northern Kwangsi, is under siege. Ten miles north of Kweilin a great battle was reported in progress as another Chinese army fought through Japanese defenses. This force drove 10 miles down the main highway from the Lingchwan sec tor, it was reported. -V— GUAMANIANS HEP honor “victory;; GUAM, July 21.—(/P)—Grateful na tives and thousands of members of America’s armed forces joined hands today to celebrate the first ' anniversary of the liberation of this ' island base from the Japanese. Informality was the keynote in ‘ a day marked by music, dancing ; and open-house hospitality offered ' by the Guamanians. A speech by . Fleet Adm. Chester W. Nimitz pro 1 vided the only official touch. ' The town of Inarajen, on the ' Southeast coast, seemed to sym bolize the island’s atmosphere. ’ There the natives decorated their 2 houses with hibiscus and palm ; fronds, and gathered in sever r groups—the same seven designat ed by the Japanese as the besi 1 way to police their movements. , On the town’s bulletin board ■ American notices covered the spaces once plastered with Japa nese military orders, and a crude ‘ ly painted sign read: “Help Wir the War—Buy War Bonds.” - Nimitz, in an address broadcasl 1 over an island radio station, re 1 viewed the history of liberation day, s “The story of the reconquest oJ = Guam begins with the smashinj s victory of American arms over thf Japanese, who one year and one - day ago were present on this is ‘ land some 18,000 strong,” he said, s “After organized resistance had (Continued on Page Two; Col. 8) Human Guinea Pigs Gave Little To Medical World By ROBERT MUSEL . United Press Staff Correspondent IN OCCUPIED GERMANY, Ju ly 21.—(U.R)—1Tens of thousands qf ■ human beings killed in the “scien tific experiments’’ of Nazi prison camps died in vain, American Medical officers believe today. 3 Exhaustive research among the , records of the horror camps and of Nazi medical groups has failed t to uncover—thus far—a single out ' standing contribution to medicine r or science resulting from the sac a rifice of human guinea pigs, a Expert investigators still are ex p amining every possible record. By !> disregarding human life, the Na zis presented scientsts who work ) ed for them with what, consider? ed coldly, coma nave ucch a gum en opportunity to work for th( long range betterment of mankinc through the study of the effect! of various kind of treatment upoi the human body. “It was the kind of chance ev ery scientist dreams about, y e knows is impossible in a civilize( society, and the Germans bootei it,” said Lt. Col. William A. How ard of Washington, D. C. "The world would have been fa better off had they adhered to or thodox surgery and other medi cine, and saved many of the live they wasted.” Howard is a member of the in (Continued on Page Five; Col. 5] I Close Harmony Taking their cue from Louisiana’s songwriting Governor James H. Davis (right) three of his neighbor chief executives join him in harmonizing on one of his hillbilly creations while attending the Southern Governor’s Conference in Mobile, Ala. Gathered around Gov. Chauncey Sparks of Alabama (seated) they are, left to right: Governors Millard F. Caldwell of Florida; Robert G. Cherry of North Carolina and Davis. (AP Wirephoto).__ 1945 LEAF SALES TO OPEN TUESDAY VALDOSTA, Ga„ July 21.—(U.R)— The 1945 tobacco auction season will start Tuesday in 19 markets of the Georgia-Florida flue cured belt amidst mounting fears that unfavorable crop conditions would reduce the revenue for the thou sands of farmers who depend on the golden leaf for a livelihood. Tobacco buyers and growers as sembling here for the opening chant speculated that damage to the crop may be extensive because of a combination of wet weather and a labor shortage. Prisoners of war aided in the fields in some areas. The U. S. Crop Reporting Service estimated a total yield in the early belt of 112,225,000 pounds, the sec ond largest crop on record. Con tinued wet weather has already reduced that figure, however, it was said by the market officials. It was estimated that almosl half of the season’s crop is still ir the fields, threatened by damage from rainy weather which general ly continued. Warehousemen urged growers not to bring their leaf tc the warehouses until the last min ute so as to prevent spoilage. On the brighter side of the pic ture, the Office of Price Adminis tration raised the ceiling on un lied leaf from a weighted seasor average of $39 per hundred to $40 Last year, a market holiday wa: called in protest of unfavorable ceiling prices and the selling wa: delayed for a week. A few new sales regulations wil be inaugurated for the new season Baskets will be limited to 251 (Continued on Page Two; Col. 5) -v TROPICAL STORM CHANGES COURSE TO WEST TEXAS C0AS1 NEW ORLEANS, July 21—W A trick tropical storm in the Gul. of Mexico, which had threatenec the Western Louisiana and uppei Texas coast lines, reversed it. course today and veered towari the lower mid-Texas coast. The United States Weathei Bureau, said the storm centei would reach the coast tonight ir the area between Port Arkansa: and Palacious, Texas. The Bureau estimated velocity of shifting winds and squalls a 35 to 45 miles per hour over « small area near the center of the disturbance, and said tides woulc be considerably above normal. Precautions should be taken, the Bureau advised, against heavj squalls reaching possibly 55 mile, per hour fromt Port Arkansas ti Port O’Connor, Texas. The Weather Bureau ordere: storm warnings from Corpus Chris to to Galveston, Texas. The Weather Bureau located th< storm center at 3:30 p.m. abou (Continued on Page Two; Col. 3) Snake Bites Man Then Dies Next Day CHATTANOOGA, Tenn., July 21 —(U.R)— Spectators at the strange revival of the snake handler’s religious cult were wondering tonight if these an nual ‘‘demonstrations of faith” aren’t more dangerous for the reptiles than the believers. Luther Morrow, a farmer of the Grasshopper Community, was bitten by a big rattle snake during th’e revival now in progress. Ironically, the snake died the next day while Morrow put in a full day work ing unconcernedly in the hot sun at his farm. Writhing rattlers and copper heads have bitten several mem bers of the Dolly Pon Church of God during their nightly ses sions by the flickering lig'l of kerosene lamps and torches but the revivalists have suffer ed no ill effects to date. EISENHOWER BIDS ADIEU TO SHAEF WASHINGTON, July 21.— UP) — General Dwight D. Eisenhower bade a formal farewell to the Unit ed States-British combined chiefs of staff tonight, thanking the staff for its “staunchness of support” to the supreme commander of the i Allied Expeditionary forces. In his last message of SHAEF ' commander to the combined chiefs ■ Eisenhower said that “during the three years I have personally serv ed under the direct control of the combined chiefs of staff, I have experienced no single instance in which I have not received the ultil mate in consideration and personal and official assistance.” 1 He asked that his appreciation also be conveyed to the political heads of the two governments “who have displayed toward me a simi lar attitude of trust and confi dence.” A message from the British chiefs of staff to Eisenhower ex tended the “grateful thanks” of those officers to the American Gen eral and said that “SHAEF has al ways been the embodiment of true Allied Comradeship, and provides a memorable example of what can be done by wholehearted coopera tion.” -V Senate Approves Bill To Cancel Farm Debts WASHINGTON, July 21— UP) — The Senate sent to the House with i its approval today legislation by Senator Langer (R.-S.D.) permit [ ting the Secretary of Agriculture to cancel drouth, rural rehabilita tion and emergency relief debts oi farmers. Debts covered are all more than five years old and represent those farmers are unable to pay. GOVERNORS PLAN REGULAR SET UP MOBILE, Ala., July 21. — (ff) — rhe Southern Governors Confer ;nce moved today to make its or ganization permanent, with a five member committee being named to effectuate the plans. Steps to carry out the proposal will be taken at the next meeting, in New Orleans, Dec. 7 and 8. The committee, headed by Gov. Millard F. Caldwell of Florida, will con sider the employment of an execu tive secretary and possibly a pub licity director. Other committee, members are Governors Ben T. Laney of Arkan sas, Simeon S. Willis of Kentucky, Ransome J. Williams of South Carolina, and Robert S. Kerr oi Oklahoma. One of the final actions as busi ness sessions came to a close was the adoption of a resolution thank ing Southern Railroad officials whc have expressed willingness to co operate in making effective as early as possible the recent Inter state Commerce Commissior freight rate equalization order. Pending the setting up of a per manent organization, the gover nors designated former Governor Prentice Cooper of Tennessee tc direct a program of education anc public designed to acquaint resi dents of the South and West wit! implications of the ICC freight rat< decision. The governors are returninf home with a warning from Jojin P Ferris, director of the Tennesse< Valley Authority Commerce de partment, that they can very easil; overemphasize their success in ob taining the ICC rate slash order. Speaking bluntly, Ferris sal'1 th South should expect no physica movement of industrial plants fron the North and East. “The order merely gives eacl region the right to develop, its.ow: industries,” he asserted. “Indus tries should be where their mater ials are and where conditions fit.’ Q. S. UNEMPLOYED TO BE TWO MILLION War Work Cutbacks To Add 1,000,000 By August 1* WASHINGTON, July 21.— CU.R) — The War Manpower Commission reported today that cutbacks in war production since V-E Day will lift the nation’s unemployment to tal to the 2,000,000 mark by August 1. This will be an increase of 1, 000,000 over the June 1 figure. On that date, only 1,000,000 men and women were out of work in the entire country. WMC is not worried about the sudden increase in unemployment, however. It expects most of the jobless to be absorbed in recon version production. From August until Nov. 1, about 700,000 unem ployed are expected to return to work in reconverted industries and expanded civilian activities. Unemployment is not evenly spread throughout ‘the country. Some areas, like Portland, Me., Evansville, Ind., Jacksonville, Fla. Detroit, Mich., Houston, Tex., and Fresno, Calif, have a surplus of manpower. But other cities such as New Bedford, Me., Baltimore, Md., Akron, O., Mobile, Ala., and Portland. Ore., have a shortage. In the past two months the Mid west h a s> suffered the greatest number of cutbacks in its war industry and consequently has the most widespread lay - offs. Heav iest cutbacks have been in Michi gan and Ohio, where thousands of people have been laid off in air craft, ordnance, and small-arms war plants in Detroit, Grand Rap ids, Muskegon, and Pontiac, Mich., and Lima, Toledo and Mansfield, O. In the neighboring states of Wis consin, Illinois and Indiana cut backs in shipbuilding, rubber, air craft, and ordnance plants have caused unemployment in Sturgeon Bay and Kenosha, W:s.; Spring field, Decatur and Freeport, 111.; and Fort Wayne, South Bend, An derson and Newcastle, Ind. -V Miss Reba Myers, Well Known Teacher Dies At Home Here Miss Reba J. Myers, widely known and beloved teacher in New Hanover County schools for over 40 years, died at 6 o’elock at her home, 205 South 8th street, after an illness which caused her re tirement over a year ago. Miss Myers, after having given up active duty because of ill health, returned to her profession during the war emergency when a call was issued for teaachers, but contracted pneumonia and had since been in retirement. The dauthter of the late George Bristol Myers and Emma Quince Myers, she was a descendant of the early Cape Fear settlers, and an active life-long member of St. John’s Episcopal church. She is survived by two brothers, Burton K. Myers and Clarence L. Myers; and two sisters, Mrs. Paul L. Cantwell and Mrs. James S. Lyell. Funeral services will be conduct ed from the home by the Rev. E. W. Halleck at 11 a.m. Monday. Burial will be in Oakdale cemetery. Active pallbearers will be George Rountree, Emmet Crow, R. W. Cantwell, Rufus Legrand, Robert M. Williams and Fred Poisson. i Honorary pallbearers will be Dr. . Jere Freeman, Dr. David Murchi . son, John Carter and Frank Hug gins. U. S. Chamber Declares For Early Cut In_ Taxes WASHINGTON, July 21.—(/P)— The United States Chamber of Com merce declared firmly today for reduction of Federal taxes just as soon as the war permits “Continuance of our system of Democracy and free enterprise,” it said, “depend upon permitting taxpayers to retain sufficient in come after taxes to reward in centive and risk-taking.” This was one of 36 policy pro in a mail ballot of the Chamber’s member organizations. The mail ballot took the place of the annual convention. Other declarations included a de mand for regulation of labor or ganizations. A repeated theme was that there is now too much Fed eral activity that should be left up to the states. The tax reduction stand was ap proved on a vote of 2695 to 4. A vote' of 2658 to 42 endorsee the labor position, which was that: “Management and labor shoulc work together on those things o: common concern which fairly con serve their respective interests. "Workers have the right to or ganize voluntarily and to bargair collectively. “Inasmuch as employers are bj law held accountable for unfaii labor practices similarly employe: should be held accountable for such practices. (Continued on Page Two; Col. 2) 1 Bad Weather Halts Pre-Invasion Air-Sea Bombardment Of Jap Homeland; Six Enemy Ships Sunk Allies Warn Nips Of New Offensives PRESS NERVES WAR Clearing Skies To Bring Resumption 0 Air Attacks By HENRY SUPER United Press Staff Correspondent The pre-invasion air and sea bombardment which had rocked Japan for 45 consecutive days end sd temporarily yesterday because of bad weather, but the Allies pressed their “war of nerves’’ by warning Japan to surrender un conditionally without delay or fac» virtual destruction followed by a dictated peace.” Gen. Douglas MacArthur an nounced that scheduled operations against Japan by his Okinawa-bas ed planes were cancelled because of bad weather. Adm. Chester W. Nimitz', for the first time in months, issued only a short war bulletin. Even Tokyo failed to report any raids on the homeland, but a break in the “typhoon” weather now pre valent over Japan will be the aeria, battering of Japan resumed in gro\ling strength. Tokyo continued to manifest fear that Adm. William F. Halsey’s Third Fleet would return to batter the homeland anew and claim that in last week’s series of at tacks 165 Allied carrier planes were shot down anti more than 100 dam aged. That report was far from true, for the Japanese had not even challenged the mighty blows in strength. The war in the Pacific rapidly was assuming the same pattern as that which resulted in Germany s downfall. The Nazis were warned that their cities would be destroyed and their homeland overrun by Al lied armies if they did not surren der. They chose to fight. The Japanese were now being warned what they face if they de cide to battle to the end. Capt. E. M. Zacharias, an official govern ment spokesman who speaks Japa nese, broadcast to Japan an offi cial warning to surrender or be de stroyed. It was, perhaps, the (Continued on Page Two; Col. 3) -V HUUbt MtMBfcKi ADJOURN SESSION WASHINGTON, July 21.— [IP) - House members took off today for their longest vacation since 1338 after a listless final session In which they boosted the pay of a group of legislative employes and discussed the palatability of horse meat. Barring emergenoies which might recall them to work sooner, they won’t return to business un til October 8, the 11-weeks holiday being the most extended unbroken surcease from official work since the six-months vacation of 1938. There was no fanfare or celebra tion as the adjournment bells rang the end of a six-months session with only about fifty members in their seats at the finish. Quitting time was 2:22 p. m. Eastern War Time. A few odds-and-ends of busi ness were cleaned up hurriedly, among them being a resolution giving raises of from $50 to $1,500 annually to a group of miscenan eous House employes who failed to receive increase several months ago when the House voted each of its membrs $2,500 expense funds. Presumably as a farewell ges ture, the House restaurant featur ed on its closing menu that rare item known as sirloin steak, with plenty to go around at 85 cents per order, including the French-fries. House members were alone in their exodus from Washington, the Senators being detained prob ably for several more weeks by the necessity of acting on the Unit ed Nations charter. Most House members left town more than a week ago. Some of them already are abroad and an estimated 100 more soon will head for foreign shores for investi gations of one kind o ranother. During the half-year of work just ended for the House, Congress extended the draft law, continued (Continued on Page Two; Col. 3)
Wilmington Morning Star (Wilmington, N.C.)
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July 22, 1945, edition 1
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