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VO^.^NO. 31. WILMINGTON, N. C., SUNDAY, AUGUST 19, 1945 FINAL EDITION ~~
I j Yanks In Manila Calling Tokyo
Lf. Col. Gonseth (right) from Chicago and First Lt. Card (only
Identification) operate radio equipment at Manila as communications
are re-opened with Tokyo for transmission of surrender terms. The
Signal Corps captain said it was the first radio contact With the Japa
nese homeland since the start of the war. (AP Wirephoto from Signal
Corps radiophoto)__
13,650N. C. War Workers
fflill Be Hit By Cutbacks
-*_:
DORTON REPORTS
Says All Laid Off Can Be
Absorbed By Other In
dustries In State
| HALEIGH', Aug. 18 — 1*1 — Ap
proximately 13,650 North Carolina
war workers will be affected by
cutbacks and layoffs in the next
few days, but twice this number
can readily be absorbed by other
industry in the state, Dr. J. S. Dor
ton, state director of the war man
power commission said today.
Dr. Dorton said a survey just
completed of 22 manufacturing
plants in 14 North Carolina towns,
all of which were devoted primari
ly to war production, showed that
the number of workers would be
reduced from 27,350 to about 13,
700 in the next week or ao. Some of
! the workers already have been re
leased.
The end of the war in the Pacific
and the resulting reconversion pro
gram will also affect other plants,
Dr. Dorton said, but in most of
these little or no layoffs are ex
pected since some already have
comverted to civilianproduction,
and others are expected to com
j Plete the reconversion process
within a short period of time.
Can Be Absorbed
All of these workers could
readily be absorbed in North Caro
lina If they had the proper skills
»nd wore at the right place,” he
(CwiUnmd on Page Two; Col. 3)
CHURCHES TO HOLD
SPECIAL JERVICES
Will Comply With Procla
mation For Prayer
And Thanksgiving
In the churches throughout the
I \ oc*ay’ special services will be
in cornPliance with Pre
en ™rumans prolamation that
ay be observed as one of
ayer and thanksgiving.
Jarnes’ Episcopal churih,
! Rev. B. Wood Gaitherj minis.
gi 0 . suPPly in Rev. Mortimer
er s aljsence, will render spoo
ky5 ers of thanksgiving at both
jntc 051 c°mnuinion at 8 o’clock
,nt e rriornin2 and at the 11 o’clock
-communion services.
Trjiji r l'ec* w- paschall, pastor of
' Methodist church, will lead
Continued on Page Nine; Col. 71
New Ruling Issued
On V-J Holiday Pay
WASHINGTON, Aug. 18.—(U P.)
—Secretary of Labor Lewis B.
Schwellenbach ruled tonight
that employers must pay time
and one half to war workers on
government contracts for work
ing on Aug. 15 and 16—the two
day holiday when the surrender
of Japan was celebrated.
The labor secretary also an
nounced that President Truman
has expressed the hope that
those workers who did not work
during the two-day celebra
tion be paid straight time. But
employers are not required to 0
pay employes who did not work,
Schwellenhach said.
Schwellenbach’s announce
ment was made to clarify an
erroneous white house state
ment issued Tuesday night pro
claiming the two days as “legal
holidays.’’
The president’s proclamation,
it was explained later, had
been merely to give federal
government employes a two
day holiday with pay.
ALLIED NATIONALS
AWAIT LIBERATION
140,000 Expected To Be
Freed When Jap Sur
render Completed
MANILA, Aug. 18.—W—In pris
oner of war and internment camps
scattered from Manchuria to Sin
gapore and the Netherlands Indies
as many as 140,000 Allied nationals
may be awaiting liberation after
completion of Japanese surrender
negotiations.
A summary of the prisoner o1
war and internee situation released
by the American Red Cross here
today said that of 200,000 Allied
nationals confined, probably 50.00C
died in camps or on torpedoec
ships. Most of these fatalities in
volved prisoners of war. Approxi
mately 10,000, mostly civilians
have been repatriated or lifferaftd
More than 33,000 prisoners and
internees are Americans; nearly
100,000 are British, Australians aril
Canadians, and the remainder
Dutch.
(A British foreign office com
mentator quoted the Swiss Charge
D’Affaires as saying 6,800 Allied
nationals—including 650 Americans
—were liberated by the Japa\cse
in the Shanghai district Aug. 15. He
said the Swiss intermediary at
(Continued on Page Two; Col. 2)
Induction Of Men Over
26 Ordered Halted Here
,j0r'v'utlicns ordering the suspen
ot ° exam‘nation and induction
♦jig over 26 years of age, with
rec - ^“on of volunteers, were
BoardeMyeStel'day by City Draft
Serv r,°' 1 trorn State Selective
•ee Du-ector John Van B. Metts.
fill ran0cal board was directed to
retiu ' l° the extent Possible from
>nd -*'? between the ages of 18
te 1 vvl'o are not eligible for de
ot f,en'• wilh the result that most
me registrants called will be 18
■^ars of age.
| ln respect to registrants 18-25
s O; age, the order provided
that the lull policies and proce'
dures provided for in #ie Selective
service law shall remain in effect
For registrants in the 26-37 age
bracket, the orders provide that il
will no longer be necessary for em
ployers, including the federal gov
ernment, 'to file requests for de
ferment in Class II-A, II-B am
Il-C.
Since the local board will taki
no further action with respect ti
the classification or reclassificatioi
of men 26 or over, pending the is
(Continued on Page Five; Col. 8!
Tn IT
Ful
Re
Tells
To Press For
Of Many Controls
ISSUES DIRECTIVE
I
Wage Increases Not In
volving Boost In Prices
May Now Be Given
*
By JAMES MARLQW
WASHINGTON, Aug. 18.——
President Truman late today threw
the whole weight of government be
hind America's rushing drive into 1
the peace-time future. !
Mr. Truman issued a directive j
which, rounding up and formal- i
izing all he had said during the (
week, told his department and
agency heads they must:
“Move as rapidly as possible ^
without endangering the stability of
the economy toward the removal of
price, wage, production and other
controls and toward the restoration
of collective bargaining and the
free market.
“in The Woods”
This directive came some hours
after one of the highest officials
in government had said the sudden
Japanese surrender found this na
tion caught “in the woods.”
This, in effect, is what Mr. Tru
man said:
1. The whole government must
do all it can to help the change
over to peace.
2. Prices must be controlled but,
just as in wartime, they can be
eased to adjust cases of hardship
or inequities.
3. The entire effort will be under
the control of Reconversion Di
rector John W. Snyder »vho purlier
in the week said the problem ahead
called for “no mincing of words. ’
He’ll coordinate all the efforts.
4. Bosses can give wage increas
es which do not involve price in
creases and the War Lara r Board
will continue for a time to handle
labor disputes which interfere with
reconversion just as it handled
those blocking the war. -
Public Must Do Job
Four days after the sudden end
ing of. the war with Jaoan one of
the h'ghest government officials
franky said.
“We don’t pretned to have any
master blueprint charting every
action for the future. That’s im
possible.
“Our job is to get our of the
woods—where we found ourselves
when the surrender came—and the
first thing to do is tackle the trees
right in front of us.
“The public has to do this job.
The government can only help.”
Here is the picture of what has
(Continued on Page Two; Col. 3)
VETERANS PROTEST
OR! R TO PACIFIC
Army Says Only Men With
out Excessive Combat
Service Will Be Sent
WASHINGTON, Aug. 18.——
Reported, protests of European war
veterans against being assigned
to the Pacific drew from the war
Department today a coT iment that
only men without excessive com
bat service under 38 years of age
are being sent.
Newspapers have received tele
grams puporting to come from men
of the 86th and the 95th Division,
the first two combat outfits from
Europe designated for the Pacific,
complaining about their assign
ment.
' (Continued on Page Nine; Col. 5)
WEATHER
FORECAST
For North Carolina: Sunday partly
cloudy and slightly warmer.
(Warmer Standard Time)
(By C. S. Weather Bureau)
Meteorological data for the 24 hours
ending 7:30 p.m., yesterday.
Temperature
1:30 a.m. 71; 7:30 a.m. 73; 1:30 p.m. 82;
7:30 p. m. 78.
Maximum 84; Minimum 71; Mean 78;
Normal 77. ,
Humidity
1:30 a.m. 89; 7:30 a.m. 93; 1:30 p.m. 71;
7:30 p.m. 84.
Precipitation
Total for 24 hours ending 7:30 p.m.—
0.00 inches.
oTtal since the first of the month—
• 9.12 inches.
Tides For Today
, (From the Tide Tables published by U.
1 S. Coast and Geodedtc Survey)
High Low
» Wilmington - 6:10 a.m. 1:20 a.m.
6:55 p.m. 1.27 p.m.
) Masonboro Inlet _ 3t:51 a.m. 10:11 a.m.
1 4:37 p.m. 11:05 p.m.
Sunrise 5:36; Sunset 6:55; Moonrise
' 4:15 p.m.; Moonset 1:27 a.m.
(Continued on Page Two; Col. 5)
Japan s Surrender Envoys Land
- On Ie Shima In Manila Flight;
Enemy Giving Up In Manchuria
- ---____ .
RED SPEARHEADS
REGISTER GAINS
(5,000 Surrender In Two
Days But Many Others
Continue To Fight
LONDON, Aug. 18.—(AP)
—Japanese troops laid down
;heir arms in growing num
>ers in Manchuria today while
soviet spearheads swept with
n 70 miles of Hsinking, pup
jet capital of Tokyo’s stolen
empire, and plowed out gains
>f 19 to 67 miles toward Har
)in.
Moscow’s war bulletin, although
imbigvous, indicated that more
han 25,000 enemy troops gave up
he fight during the day for a
:wo-day surrender total of 45.000.
But thousands of other Japanese
troops had not obeyed the “cease
Fire’’ order. The Russian army
newspaper Red Star estimated
there were more than 1,000,000
crack Japanese soldiers in Man
churia, Kcirea, Inner Mongolia
and Southern Sakhalin Island.
Slashing forward on three fronts I
Soviet columns narrowed to 255
miles the closing pincers that
threaten to split Manchuria in two,
outflanked the old capital of Muk
den and drove within 145 miles
of Harbin, great central Man
churian arsenal city.
May lie In Conference
Meanwhile at the headquarters
of Soviet Far Eastern commander
Marshal Alexander M. Vasilevsky
—presumably at Khabarovsk—con
ferences were believed progress
with a Japanese surrender emis
sary who was picked up by a Sov
iet plane today at Harbin.
This envoy, identified in a Khab
arovsky radio broadcast as “Gen
eral Hata’’, was believed making
arrangements for the complete
surrender of Gen. Otozo Yamada’s
Kwantung army in compliance with
a Soviet, ultimatum to lay down
arms by noon Monday.
Surrenders thus far have been
the unorganized capitulation of
small Japanese groups and units.
(Continued on Page Two; Col. 6)
UNRRA WILL HELP
EXILED REFUGEES
Council Overrides Disent
Of Russia, Others In
Adopting Policy
LONDON, Aug. 18 — (/P) —Over
riding the dissent of Russia, Po
land, Yugoslavia and Czechoslova
kia, the council of the United Na
tions Relief and Rehavilitation Ad
ministration today sanctioned aid
for war refugees who wish to re
main in exile.
The 28-to-4 vote in an open ple
nary session was taken after op
ponents charged the step would in
volve UNRRA in explosive Europe
an politics.
Delgeates from Yugoslavia and
Poland declared that if UNRRA
cares for persons unwilling to be
repatriated, the organization would
be violating a rule against mixing
in the politics of member countries.
Russia, Poland, and Yugoslavie
declared they “reserved full
rights,” meaning they kept the
right to consider the measure in
operative so far as they were con
cerned.
Yugoslavia amendments which
would have imposed tight restric
tions on relief to repatriates
had been defeated earlier in a
(Continued on Page Five; Col. 3)
Yank Airman Killed When Japs
Attack Two Planes Over Tokyo
By HUGH CRUMPLER
United Press War Correspondent
OKINAWA, Aug. 18.— (U.R) —
One American was killed and
two were wounded in a 25-min
ute running fight between two
photo reconnaissance B-32s and
14 Japanese Zeroes over the
Tokyo area today — three days
after Emperor Hirohito’s an
nouncement of Japanese sur
render.
It was the second attack In
two days on peaceful American
photo missions. _Four planes
of the same bombardment
group were attacked yesterday
without casualties, and two
formations of P-38 photo planes
met heavy anti-aircraft fire
over Kyushu but escaped with
out damage.
American gunners shot down
two of the enemy fighters in to
day’s fight. Both B-32s return-.,
ed to Okinawa Bases, one of
them badly holed by the Jap-.,
nese guns which shot out one
of its four engines.
The Zeroes pounced on the
two American planes at 1:25
p. m., Tokyo time, about 20
miles south of Choski.
Lieut. J. R. Anderson, Char
lotte, N. C.. said he was flying
at 20,000 feet on a peaceful
photo mission when the Zeroes
swarmed in, knocking out one
of his engines with their first
pass.
Anderson radioed the other
B-32:
“Can you slow down? My
number three engine is shot out
and I can’t keep up with you.”
One of the Japanese pilots cut
in and said in English:
“Yes, please slow down so I
can catch you and shoot you
down.”
Anderson said his reply was
unprintable but “if that Jap
understood English as well as
he speaks it, his ears are still
red hot.”
The Zeroes continued the at
tack, diving into the zone of
fire set up by the guns of the
(Continued on Page Two; Col. 8)
Tokyo Says Totalitarian Party ]
Out/And Cabinet Plans Future |
4 - 4- (
NEW PARTIES SEEM j
Foreign Minister Stresses
Tke Need For ‘World’s
Understanding’
BY NORMAN MONTELLIER
United Press Staff Correspondent
SAN FRANCISCO, Aug. 18 — Iff)
— Japanese broadcasts said today
that the Japan political association,
Nippon’s totalitarian party, has
been dissolved, and that the new
cabinet members already were
planning extensively for the na
tion’s future.
Radio Tokyo, announcing the end
of the ploitical associaiton — which
was organized to bring “sure vic
tory” to Japan — predicted that
at least four parties would emerge
in the postwar parliament, involv
ing a “vast and complete shake
up” in that body.
Tokyo said members of the “now
defunct” Japan political associa
tion would form one new party,
liberal diet members a second,
the social masses party third, and
“yound and fresh members” the
fourth.
Domei, the Japanese news
agency, said that Mamoru Shige
mitsu, Foreign Minister in the new
cabinet of Gen. Prince Naruhiko
Higashi-Kurti, stressed at a press
conference Japan’s need for the
“world’s sympathy and understand
ing.”
.tie also was quoted as saying
that “unfortunately, we have to
face the fact that we have been
defeated. This fact should be ad
mitted as it is, and any over-opti
mistic views should be avoided.”
The cabinet held an extraordi
nary meeting late Saturday, said
Tokyo, after Higashi-Kuni paid the
traditional ceremonial visit of new
he pledged he would endure all
hardships in “safeguarding the na
tional policy and undertaking the
task of reconstructin Japan.’’
Shigemitsu, according to a broad
cast dispatch quoting the Tokyo
newspaper Asahi, is slated to be
(Continued on Page Two; Col. 5)
U. S. TERMINA1 J
LEND-LEASE IN
Notice Expected To Be
Served On Allied Na
tions This Week
WASHINGTON, Aug. 18. -(#>)—
Allied nations receiving lend-lease
assistance will get notice Monday
or Tuesday that the gigantic aid
program has been terminated, it
was learned tonight.
The system which poured $39,
000,000,000 of war goods and civil
ian necessities into countries fight
ing the Axis is being shut down on
order of President Truman. The
lend-lease law authorized the presi
dent to terminate the program at
the war’s end.
The action was decided upon at
a White House conference Friday
attended by Leo T. Crowley, for
eign economic administrator; Sec
retary of State Byrnes; Secretary
of the Treasury Vinson and other
top policy officials.
It is understood that letters of
(Continued on Page Two; Col. 4)
SET-ASIDE BUYING
OF MEAT STOPPED
Suspension Expected To
Mean Increase In Sup
ply For Civilians
WASHINGTON, Aug. 18 — (U.R) —
Secretary of Agriculture Clinton P.
Anderson today bolstered predic
tions that meat rationing might end
this fall by announcing indefinite
suspenison of Feaerai set-aside
purchase of beef, veal, and ham.
The suspenison. effective tomor
row, is expected to mean increases
soon in the supply of these meats
for civilians. \
Anderson said lara and pork
loins and shoulders will continue to
be set aside for government buy
ers for the time being.
His announcement on beef, veal,
and ham was the best food news
for civilians since the removal ear
lier in the week of all canned fruits
and vegetables from rationing.
Anderson said fats and oils, how
ever, would continue short “prob
ably into next year,” and that sug
ar would be scarce “through 1946.’
In addition to the ending of set
asides of Beef, veal, and ham, the
Army is reported to have told An
derson it no longer will need set
asides of beef, veal, and ham, the
He did not, however, confirm this
report.
The terminated beef and veal set
(Continued on Page Nine; Col. 6)
-V
$5,586,210,000 Spend
By Army In Southeast
ATLANTA, Ga., Aug. 18.—(U.R)—
Maj. Gen. Edward H. Brooks,
commanding general of the Fourth
Service Command, announced to
day that the Army has spent $5,
586.210,000 in the southeast since
1939.
Brooks said that during the past
fiscal year expenses for all pur
poses averaged $250,000,000 per
month. This covered all expendi
tures by the Army in the raining
of hundreds of thousands of sol
diers in seven southeastern states.
Brooks said.
He said that more than 1,300,000
men were accepted from the area
covered by the Fourth, Service
Command since the first man was
inducted under the Selective Serv
ice Act. Of these. Brooks said,
some 1,100,000 were assigned to
the Army and more than 242,000
inducted into the Navy.
U.S. Advises Bulgarians
To Free Votes From Fear
By JOHN M. HIGHTOWER
WASHINGTON, Aug. 18 — UR —
The United States today warned
today warned the Bulgarian gov
ernment — a regime set up after
the Russian Army moved in —to
free its forthcoming elections from
fear and intimidation so that they
may be truly democratic.
Otherwise, Secretary of State
Byrnes made clear, this country
will not consider signing a peace
treaty with the former Axis satel
lite nation. s
Bulgaria is one of the key na
tions in Russia’s Eastern European
sphere, and a collision of policies
appeared possible.
Britain backed up the American
position. A foreign office commen
tator in London said the two na
tions were presenting a “common
front” in the attitude that the pres
ent regime does not represent all
the democratic elements of Bulgar
ia. He added, however, that so far
as he kne^ Britain had not given
Bulgaria formal notice of its posi
tion.
The American views were stated
directly to the Bulgarian govern
(Continued on Page Five: Col. 1)
STORM SWIRLING '
ACROSS ATLANTIC:
disturbance Reported 500
Miles East Of San Juan,
Puerto Rico
MIAMI, Fla., Aug. 18.—(JP)— A
Topical storm of nearly hurricane
ntensity was reported sweeping
lorth of the lesser antilles tonight,
swirling across the Atlantic in a
lorth northwesterly direction.
‘The storm is getting near hur
ricane force, attended by winds of
at least 65 miles per hour or
more,” said Grady Norton, chief
forecaster of the U. S. Weather Bu
reau in Miami.
“It is a circular storm, pretty
well formed.”
Norton hesitated to predict wheth.
er the disturbance would strike the
South Atlantic coast of the United
States, declaring: “It will take
about a week for it to get here—
if it does get here—and a hurri
cane can play a lot of tricks in that
time.”
By latest reports, sent in by Army
and Navy “hurricane hunter”
planes, the storm was moving ap
proximately 500 miles east of San
Juan, Puerto Rico. Shipping in the
area was advised to take caution.
PACIFIC COAST STORMS
SAN DIEGO, Calif., Aug. 18.—(£>)
—Two tropical storms are hovering
at sea near here, the Navy’s weath
er report said today. One is off the
mouth of the C&lorado river in the
Gulf of California and the other is
at sea 800 miles southwest of San
Diego. It is moving northward.
The 11th Naval District has is
sued storm warnings and predicted
exceptionally high beach swells to
morrow for the San Diego-San Ped
ro coast area. Highest swells,
reaching seven to ten feet, are ex
pected in the afternoon and eve
ning.
STRIKE ENDED
CHICAGO, Aug. 18.— (/P) —A
strike which last Saturday idled
7,100 workers of the American
Steel Foundries company in a dis
pute over contract negotiations was
ended by agreement today between
the company and the United Steel
workers of America (CIO), Oliver
E. Mount, company vice-president,
announced.
WILL TRANSFER
TO U. S. PLANES
MacArthitr Order* U*e Of
Word ‘Bataan’ As Cede
For Two Craft
By RUSSELL BRINES
MANILA, Sunday, Aug. 19
— (AP)—Two white-painted
transport planes carrying Ja
panese surrender emissaries
to Manila to meet their con
querors landed on Ie island, in
the Okinawa group, today at
1:45 p. m. (11:45 p. m. East
ern War Time). They were
escorted by B-25 bombers and
P-38 fighters as they swooped
- i -i . i. -1
UWIl UI1 tllC VOOV, OliilV/DW
mpty B-29 strip.
The first of the Japanese
(lanes circled low into the
ield, as though it were land
ng, at 1:35 p. m., then pulled
ip and away. The two planes
ircled repeatedly, finally
anding 10 minutes later.
Only transfer planes, to
tarry them on to Manila, were
larked there.
General MacArthur’g headquar
ters indicated the Japanese planes
presumably had used the code
vvords “Bataan One” and ‘‘Bataan
Two” as they signalled their ap
proach.
The envoys, expected to bring
with them information on the re
sults of the first surrender inter
views between Japan’s blue-blood
ed emissaries and continental gen
erals, left Tokyo’s Kisarazu air
drome at 7:18 a. m. Sunday, Tokyo
time, ending one of the most un
usual periods of diplomatic shadow
boxing ever to precede and surren
der.
General MacArthur at the last
minute refused to allow the emis
saries to forget their brutal vic
tory at Bataan during the flight,
and designated for the second time
Saturday night that fateful word
as the call sign for the Japanese
transport planes. Since the Jap
anese did not quibble further, it
was assumed at headquarters here
that they were using the calls.
Sets Tone
The word “Bataan” probably
sets the entire tone of what is
bound to be a tense series of con
ferences between the Allies and
the Japanese emissaries. MacAr
thur already has given ample evi
dence that in manner and tone he
will not allow the visiters to for
get the war's atrocities and the
fact that the Japanese hava been
defeated.
IThe Japanese, on the other hand,
will be undertaking a personally
unpleasant mission representing a
nation which in all post-surrender
statements gave the world the im
pression it regards itself as proud
ly right and only temporarily de
feated.
It was believed here that delays
in the envoys’ trip to Manila had
being made to allow time for tha
emperor’s representatives to con
fer with continental generals of
Ihe Japanese forces on surrender.
They therefore are expected to
carry information on the military
attitude in Manchuria and China.
MacArthur’s headquarters said *
Colonel Dawson, MacArthur’s per
sonal interpreter, would first en
ter the emissaries’ plane when it
reached Manila.
The Japanese will then leave
the plane in order of their rank,
proceeding a short distance to
(Continued on Paye Nine, Col. S)
Tension Between Chinese
Reds, Government Eased
By SPENCER MOOSA
CHUNGKING, Aug. 18.—(A>)—Ten
sion between the central govern
ment and the Chinese Communists
eased today as preparations were
completed for the surrender of all
Japanese forces in China on Tues
day.
After two days of apparent de
fiance of Generalissimo Chiang Kai
Shek’s government, Communist
Leader Gen. Mao Tze-Tung was re
ported to have agreed to send a
representative to Chungking to dis
cuss outstanding issues with Gen.
Chiang
The overall surrender of Japa
nese forces in China was scheduled
to take place at Chihkiang in Hunan
Province. Gen. Ho Ying-Chin, Chi
nese Field Commander, was pre
pa reing to leave Chungking to re
ceive the capitulation from envoys
Lt. Gen. Yasuji Okamura, Com
mander in Chief of Japanese ex
penditionary forces in China.
The surrender meeting was orig
inally planned for Monday, but the
Japanese were given an extra day.
If arrangements can be made for
(Continued on Page Five; Col. <)'