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—— FORECAST + \ 4 ^ > Served By Leased Wires I j^pg=l umrogtmt nrmttg mar :j& fiL/S^-NO.278. WILMINGTON, N. C., SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 29, 1945. ESTABLISHED 1867 ARGENTINE SEIGE GROWS BUENOS AIRES, Sept. 28.—CJ>)_ The ranking' U. S. diplomat here of ficially told the Argentine military government today that its suspen sion of constituf Jnal guarantees and widespread arrests would “in evitably” have a “deplorable ef fect" on American, opinion. The government, through Interior Minister Hortensio Quijano, main tained the repressive measures, which included reimposition of a state of siege and full censorship of press and radio, were necessary to put down conspiracy and avert "grave happenings.” U. S. Charge D’Affaires John M. Cabot, summoned to Foreign Min ister Juan Cooke’s office to hear the government’s defense of its course, warned of the American re action. Earlier, Cabot, had com plained formally against press re strictions as violating inter-Ameri can commitments. Cook’s explanation to Cabot pointed up the fact the Argentines, taking the government’s actions in enforced silence, had their eyes fixed on Washington—and, specifi cally, on Former Ambassador Spruille Braden, enroute home to t^Jce over as Assistant Secretary 01 State for Latin American affairs. Braden, "whose insistence that the government back up its Demo cratic professions with deeds made him the rallying point for anti-Fas cist forces here, promised before his departure this week that he would “work for democracy in Washington as I worked for de mocracy in Argentina.” (In Bogota, the Colombian Cham ber of Deputies voted “vehement protest” against the Argentine ar rests, while in Lima the Peruvian Senate passed a motion voicing its hope of “Democratic' affirmation and institutional recovery” in the neighboring country). While some of the prominent Ar gentines rounded up in the last two days, including former Foreign Ministers Carlos Saavedra Lamas and Jose M. Cantilo and three newspaper executives, were releas ed, arrests of others continued. Threat Of Revolt Faces Council Of Ministers - w -- “SHELF” MINERAL \ JH CLAIMED WASHINGTON, Sept. 28—<ff)— President Truman t o day claimed tor the United States the oil and other natural resources of the 750, 00P square miles of continental shelf under the high seas. The continental shelf, generally, is submerged land contiguous to the continent and covered by no more than 600 feet of water. It extends in most instances beyond the three-mile limit of ownership recognized by international law. The President also asserted the right of this government to es tablish conservation zones for the protection of its fisheries in areas of the high seas off the coasts of the United States. The action, accomplished by proclamation, pioneered in a new field of international relations. Chairmap Sumners (D-Tex) of the House Judiciary committee said it was “equivalent to con »» The President’s proclamation said the United States considers “the exercise of jurisdiction over the natural resources of the subsoil and sea bed of the continental shelf by the contiguous nation is reasonable and just.” “The continental shelf,” it said “may be regarded as an extension of the land-mass of the coastal na tion and thus naturally appurte nant to it.” Its resources “frequently from a seaward extension of a pool or de posit lying within the territory.” ‘ “Self-protection compels the coastal nation to keep close watch over activities off its shores which are of a nature necessary for uti lization of these resources.” The President declared that the development and discovery of new sources of petroleum and other minerals should be encouraged in view of the world-wide need, and that experts believe portions of the U. S. continental shelf beyond the three-mile limit contain valuable oil deposits. Oil is being taken at present from within the three-mile limit off the coast of California and there are geological indications that rich oil deposits extend into the Gulf of Mexico off the coast of Texas. By directive order accompanying the proclamations, the President reserved administration of the re sources of the continental shelf, pending legislative action, under the control of the Secretary of In terior. A White House statement said the proclaimed policy “does not touch on the question of Federal versus state control. It is con cerned solely with establishing the jurisdiction of the United Statg£ from an international standpoint.” WEATHER (Eastern Standard Time) (By U. S. Weather Bureau) Meteorological data for the 24 hours ending 7:30 p.m. yesterday. Temperature 1:30 a.m. 78; 7:30 a.m. 75; 1:00 p.m. 83; 7 .30 p.m. 78. J Maximum 84; Minimum 74; Mean 78; Normal 70. Humidity 1:30 a.m. 89; 7:30 a.m. 91; 1:30 p.m. 61; 7:30 p.m. 75. Precipitation Total for 24 hours ending 7:30 p.m.— “Trace” inches. Tides For Today (From the Tide Tables published by U. S Coast and Geodetic Survey) High Low Wilmington ._ 3:48 a.m. 10:57«.m. 4:25 p.m. 11:42 p.m. Masonboro Inlet _ 1:59 a.m. 7:59 a.m. 2:31 p.m. 9:05 p.m. Sunrise 6:05; Sunset 6:00; Moonrise 0 00; Monnset 2:25 p.m. River Stage at Fayetteville, N.C. at 8 a m. Friday, Sept. 28, 15.1 feet Small Nations Group Seeks Recognition At Peace Talks BY UNITED PRESS LONDON, Sept 28.—The For eign Ministers Council faced the threat of a “revolt of the small nations” today as the Big Five met twice without any sign of an ex pected adjournment. Support was growing for the little powers’ block headed by Aus tralian External Affairs Minister Herbert V. Evatt, who earlier this week blasted the Big Five policy of virtually excluding the small na tions from a voice in making the peace. The daily communique said the Council discussed the French memorandum on the control and administration of Germany and listened to reports from their deputies on matters previously re ferred to them by the Foreign Ministers. The Council scheduled another meeting for tomorrow morning and it was believed that the cur rent session might last through Sunday before the difficult task of framing a final communique on the parley’s accomplishments is completed to the satisfaction of all. Meanwhile adherents gatheriy} around Evatt included not only his fellow-statesman of the British dominions but countries like Greece, which was indignant at not being asked to participate in the discussions on the Italian peace treaty. Jiivan had demanded particular ly Australia' be heard on the Paci fic problems which are expected to occupy the Ministers at their next session in late November or early December. His protest was echoed quickly by South Africa and in Ottawa the Canadian gov ernment expressed a desire for recognition in future deliberations. New Zealand is understood to be in agreement with Evatt and Bel gium and Czechoslovakia appear ed ready with warm support. Yugoslavia and the Netherlands were noncommittal, preferring to wait further developments. Of the small belligerents, only Norway was not interested in such a bloc. Sources close to the British Foreign Office said it stood square ly behind the Dominions and inti mated Britain would support, the little nations’ bloc even though it would mean the end of the princi ple of Big Five leadership by turn ing the Foreign ministers council into a sort of consultative as sembly of 12 or more members. Well-informed Greek sources said Greece would feel “very much gratified if she were asked to join in the deliberations of the minis ters behind the leadership of Australia.” These sources said Greek public opinion was exceed ingly irritated when Greece was excluded from the talks on the Italian treaty. Wholesale M Cracked B NUEVO LAREDO, Mex., Sept. 28 — (U.R) — Border authorities arrest ed 20 Mexicans today and said that thus a gang specializing in human smuggling and wholesale murder was broken up. Emilio Villalobos, Mexican Fed eral prosecutor here, said the gang was responsible for the deaths of at least 38 Mexican nationals, and possibly even more. Bodies of the 38 had been re covered from the waters of the Rio Grancfe since late July. Thirty-sev en were men. The prosecutor believed that all of the victims were farm workers who had been smuggled across the river to work for lucrative wages in the fruit and vegetable fields on the American side. BULLETIN HAMILTON, Bermuda, Sept. 28—(A*)—After a brief stop for refueling, the big globe-gir dling United States C-54 trans- ^ port plane, Globester, took ofO’ from 'Kindley Field for *’ Azores tonight at 10:21 p, E. W. T. , . , The plane landed at 9; ^ m., after completing the i leg of its round-the-worK flight, the first flight of a planned weekly service. BELSEN INMATES ATE HUMAN FLESH LUENBURG, Germany, Sept. 28 — OP) — Hunger-crazed men at the Belsen concentration camp ripped vital organs from human bodies for food, a German doctor testified at the Belsen war crimes trial today. Dr. Fritz Leo of Dresden, who as a prisoner in Belsen treated the in mates, said the cannibalism start ed in a compound where 1,600 men had been jammed in a single block “I have seen bodies with livers removed for food,” said the b e spectacled doctor. “I have seen many bodies with the ears cut off, parts of cheeks, shoulders, arms, back and even parts of sexual or gans cilt off or food—either eaten raw or cooked later.” The 45 defendants sat with bow ed heads as they heard the doctor say that the SS (Elite Guard) gave orders that any internees guilty of cannibalism would be hanged or beaten to death. “But the SS did not hesitate to throw in thousands and thousands of more prisoners,” he added. Dr. Leo described the filth that resulted at the camp when the in mates became too weak to dig nejy latrines. “Soon all the camp became a latrines,” he said. “Patients refe cated where they stood or where they sprawled about too weak to move. The weak were dragged to the crematorium and burned, but soon it could not handle all the dead, so the bodies were piled on wood and burned in big bon fires. "Then an order was given pro hibiting use of scarce wood for the purpose.” He testified that corpses decay ed on inmates in three dirty huts absorbed in a nauseating stench. “Only a few days before the Bri tish arrived did the guards start digging pits for mass graves,” he declared. He said operations were perform ed on inmates in three dirty huts that served as hospitals. Patients were stretched out on a crude wooden bench. “If we had patients with appen dicitis we had to watch them die.” en by respair, they tried to get a equipment for a major operation, although we had enough surgeons to do the job very well.” He said that three or four pa tients were treated each week for bullet wounds suffered when, driv ev by despair, they tried to get a potato or turnip from a kitchen. The doctor asserted that a third of the men and women arriving in the camp in transports were eigh er dead or dying. Earlier Lydia M. Sonszajn, a pri soner at the Osweicim camp for a year and a half, testified that she was one of six Polish girls who (Continued on Page Two; Col. 1) MOTOR SHIP CATCHES FIRE ENROUTE FROM CRISTOBAL TO TEXAS MIAMI Fla., Sept. 28. — <U.R) — The Coast Guard reported this aft ernoon that the 7,200-ton motor ves sel Peter Trimble Rowe, bound from Cristobal, C. Z., to Galvestan, Tex., was afire in the Yucatan Channel, south of Cape San Anton io, Cuba. The merchant ship Joe C. S. Blackburn was nearby, and head ed for the scene to render assist ance. The vessel sent out an S. O. S. saying it was afire. Later it mes saged that the fire was apparent ly out but that crewmen were un able to enter the engine room. The vessel was drifting westward. The Coast Gurad sent air and sea rescue craft to the scene, to stand by in case of need. A Navy tug at Key West was also alerted. urder Ring y Authorities Villalobos said evidence indicat ed that the victims were robbed of their savings, slain and dumped in to the river. The slayers, Villalobos said, ranging in age from 24 to 40, were “tough customers.” The gang had headquarters in Reynosa and Mamamoros, Mexico, Villalobos said, just across the riv er from Brownsville and Hidalgo, Tex. All 20 were arrested in Reyno sa and Matamoros, he said, and moved to the jail here. Bodies of the victims bore marks of violence. Nineteen were recover ed from the river near Brownsville, 12 near Hidalgo, and six near Mis sion — a short distance upstream from Hidalgo, I Goal Strike Threatens Nation £■> <S* A-*, > pAs Operators Spam Lewis Call; Japs Granted Some Raw Goods __ v ± ■ MacArthur Will Send Many Home Prostrate Nation Refused Ships To Return Military Men TOKYO, Sept. 28.—VP)—'.The Al lied Command embarked today on a two-fold program to get 1,490, 000 Pacific veterans home within seven months and to shield postrate Japan from famine and disease. General MacArthur granted the Japanese permission to use raw materials fbr critically - needed civilian goods, including trucks for transportation, but banned such luxuries as silk and passenger au tomobiles. He rejected a Japanese request for use of 265,000 tons of Japanese shipping to return disarmed Im perial troops from abroad, placing first priority on ships to get food and raw materials to the hungry island empire. The Japanese government was directed to stamp out the rising threat of disease by restoring water and sewer systems and reopening all hospitals as well as laboratories manufacturing vaccines. MacArthur re-emphasized his sway over Japan’s complex finan cial structure—one source of its erstwhile military power—by for bidding the reopening of the Japa nese Stock Exchange. The Supreme Commander alto ordered the arrest of 34 Japanese officers and men in the fire mas sacre of 200 war prisoners, many of them American, at Palawan, in the Philippines, Dec. 11, 1944. A new schedule of landings was announced which will place 265, 000 American troops on Japanese soil by October’s end. The Japanese announced that in an attempt at liberalizing their homeland a new Socialist party (Continued on Page Two; Col. 1) ADMIRAL HALSEY ASKS RETIREMENT PEARL HARBOR, Sept. 28.—W —Admiral Halsey, the Third Fleet commander who vigorously car ried out his favorite motto—“Kill Japs, Sink Ships”—announced to day he had asked for retirement at 62 to make room for younger officers. The sharp-tongued, weather beaten officer who was at sea when Pearl Harbor was attacked and was cast in a fighting role with but few rest periods throughout the war said: “I’m an old man, let the young fellows take over. The man whose naval loroes escorted the Carrier Hornet for the Jimmie Doolittle raid on Japan April 18, 1942—and who was on the Battleship Missouri when Ja pan signed the surrender—said the Navy had not yet taken him into its confidence on whether his ap plication had been acted upon. (In Washington, the Navy De partment said no request for retire ment had been received.) Nor did the Admiral who spark ed the drive clearing the Japanese Navy from the Pacific have any particular plans for the future. LATE SLEEPERS WILL GET BONUS; CLOCKS GO BACK ON SUNDAY WASHINGTON, Sept. 28.— (IP)—People who like to sleep late on Sundays are getting ready; to collect an hour’s bonus. The nation’s clocks will be turned back one hour Sunday, at 2 a. m. local war time. Some superstitutious folks, who think clock-turning-back is bad luck, will turn theirs ahead 11 hours. Either way, it comes out even. One question still hasn’t been answered: How do night workers come out financially on what will be, for them, the longest night of the year? Locally the answer seems to boil down to this: Overtime for those working private plants. More yawns, but no cash, for such public employes as the police and firemen. Half-Million Dollar Fi re Destroys 40 Planes «l ■IIH7 '. t.JJW J urnmi Firemen battle flames which swept through a huge hangar at Wichita, Kansas.. Municipal Airport. Damage caused by the fire, which consumed 40 planes, has been estimated at $500,000. No one was injured seriously. (NEA Telephoto). Senate Pases Employment Bill; Indian Communal War Continuing - * Hindu, Moslem Leaders Exerting Pressure To Stop Riots BOMBAY, Sept. 28.—(JP)—Hindu and Moslem leaders apparently were exerting pressure today to end the communal strife which continued sporadically, raising the toll qf victims to 19 dead and at leastflO injured. There was no resurgence of or ganized rioting. Police announced 160 persons had been arrested in connection with the disorders with more than 50 charged with carry ing weapons illegally. Thousands of Moslems attended prayer at Mosques this afternoon and dispersed without incident. Leaders urged them to hurry home quietly. Police guarded the Mosques in anticipation of clashes there. A mysterious fire gutted the Gir guam Mosque, 50-year-old Moslem house of worship, but the trustee there said simply: “Our neighbors are Hindus. They are our friends. They help us feed the pdor people who come here.” One knifing victim was found dead this afteroon, and another succumbed in a hospital. Three coolies were stabbed when they went to a grain ration depot for food. Police dispersed groups of Moslems and Hindus, armed with stones, shouting threats at each other from opposite sides of the street. (A Reuters dispatch from Bom bay said police had opened fire at two points in northern Bombay to disperse crowds). Police said the military had no active part yet in maintaining order. SUGAR SHIPMENTS NOW MUST CARRY NAMES OF SHIPPER, RECEIVER RALEIGH, N. C.. Sept. 28 — UP) — Effective today, every shipment of sugar weighing 100 pounds or more must be accompanied by a statement showing the name and address of the shipper and the person to whom the sugar is sent. Raleigh District OPA Director, T. S. Johnson, announced tonight. Johnson said the action is design ed to prevent diversion of sugar to unauthorized sources. The new provision requires that the statement be kept available in the freight car, truck, or other means of transportation used. In addition, a copy of the statement, which must also list the amount of the shipment, must be retained at the principal business office of the shipper. Johnson said the regulation would chiefly affect ‘ ‘moonshiners’ ’ and their suppliers, but that it would also hit “certain other illeg al shippers and outlets.” PAPERS SUSPENDED NEW YORK, Sept. 28.— (^P)— The Japanese Board of Informa tion today suspended' publication of all Tokyo newspapers for having published an interview with Em peror Hirohito written by two American correspondents, the Na tional Broadcasting Company re ported from Tokyo tonight. The broadcast did not identify the cor respondents. 1 “Pennies From Heaven”j Picked Up In Gotham NEW YORK, Sept. 28—WW— Every day It rains pennies from heaven—and niftkels, dimes and quarters, too—on . 51st street at Rockefeller Center. A mysterious philanthropist has been throwing between $7 and $10 in. change from the 15th or 16th floor of the Inter national Building each day be tween 12:30 and 1 p. m. The showers have been coming down since some time in July. Today was no exception. A crowd of about 100 was on hand. Including some “regu iasr.” Joseph Walker, 57-year-old Negro doorman at a nearby club, picked up $1.25 today and said he averaged at least 50 cents a day. Some passersby were worried about being struck on the head by the coins, but Walker summed up the viewpoint of the regulars: “Let ’em keep coming. They can hit me all they want to.” NATIVE UPRISING SAGS INSAIGON SINGAPORE, Sept. 27. (Delayed) —(£•)—Maj. Gen. D. D. Gracey, British commander of Allied forces in southern Indochina, reported to day that the riotous native upris ings in Saigon had subsided some what but the senior French officer there accused the Japanese of sup plying arms to the natives and with participating in the disorders in disguise. Gracey flew here today for con ferences on the explosive situation. (The All-India Radio said Fri day that the French Colonial ad ministration in §aigon issued a communique saying the occupation of Saigon had been completed, with the French government already functioning.) Gracey issued stern orders to Field Marshal Count Juichi Ter auchi, commander of the Japanese southern armies, to keep the peace. * - . Presidential Efforts For Jobless Pay Backfires In Chamber WASHINGTON, Sept! 28.-^iP>— The Senate stamped its okay to day on a "full employment” bill President Truman wants. But his attempts to blast more pay for the unemployed out of Congress backfired a bit. And while Congress churned up plans for fending off another de pression, it learned on the side some things about: 1. Peacetime plans of the Navy and Marine corps. 2. ‘‘Equal right” of men and wo men. 3. A minimum wage of 40 cents an hour. 4. A proposed TVA for the Mis souri river basin. The Senate made some changes in the jobs bill to appease critics. But it still says it is Congress’ pol icy, consistent with other consider ations, too “assure continuing full employment” ”—if private busi ness can’t. That might cost billions—for (Continued on Page Five; Col. 7) AMERICAN CITIZEN GETS SIX YEARS ON ENEMY ACT CHARGE NEW YORK, Sept. 28—«P> Anthony Cramer, 45, whose treas on conviction was reversed last April by the United States Su preme Court, pleaded guilty today in Federal Court to an indictment charging two violations of the trading with the enemy act and was sentenced by Judge Alfred Barksdale to six years’ imprison ment. Cramer, a German-born Ameri can citizen, was convicted in No vember, 1942, of treason and sen tenced to 45 years’ imprisonment in connection wjth his alleged as sociation with Werner Thiel, one of eight saboteurs who came to this country by submarine to com mit sabotage. — * ", The Supreme Court reversed Cramer’s conviction on the ground that no evidence had been shown to prove Cramer aided Thiel. Berlin Police Kept Tab On Hitler For 10 Years BERLIN, Sept. 28. — (U.R) — Ber lin police records disclosed today that the local gendarmes for 10 years kept close watch on a trou blesome up-start named Adolf Hit ler who had a “nasty habit of gnawing at his fingernails.’’ Deep in the files were bulky do siers on Hitler and two ether char acters, named Hermann Goer ing and Joseph Goebbeh. The re cords began with the Bavarian beer hall putsch in 1923 and ended abruptly in 1933 when the Nazis came into power. The files listed five appearances in court for Hitler, including one as a witness. But the only convic tion after the putsch was in May, 927, when the Munich cops got him up for having improper license plates on his car. He was fined five marks and sentenced to a day in jail. Goebbels’ folder was thickest. It showed 20 convictions for “insults” and sentences ranging from 20 marks and four days to 1,000 marks or 50 days in jail. Tbe record con ceded Goebbels’ eloquence but po lice decided in 1926 he didn’t “rate so well with Hitler.” Goering’s file was made up of only five cards which showed no arrests. The contents of the folder on Hit ler gave the impression the Berlin police were looking for something to pin on him 412,777 Idle As More Men Leave Jobs WALKOUTS SP READ! Over 280 Textile Plantsi Close Down; New 9 ; Demands Made By The Associated Press j A textile workers strike spread through 284 plants yesterday and raised the nationwide total of per* sons away from work because of labor trouble to a new high of 412, 777. In addition some 1,500,000 per sons were kept from their offices and shops indirectly by the strike of 15,000 New York building main tenance employes, where media tion efforts have failed. Other prime l^or developments included: 1. John L. Lewis, head of the un affiliated United Mine Workers, asked bituminous coal operators to mee* with him Monday to dis cuss the foreman’s stoppage involv ing 36,635 Pennsylvania and West Virginia miners. The operators’ negotiating committee refused. 2. Secretary of Labor Sohwellen bach faced the hardest task of his long cabinet career . . settlement of the eight-state oil strike at con ferences resuming today in Wash ington, 3. A CIO union executive board authorized its organizing committee for Montgomery Ward & Company facilities to call a strike if neces sary 4. High CIO United Autoi-.obile Workers Union officials planned to intervene in the 36-day Kelsey Hayes Wheel Company strike in Detroit, which affects 4,500 directly and many thousands of others in directly. 5. The CIO United Packing house Workers Union announced it would demand a general wage in (Continued on Page Five; Col. 3) PATTON CONFERS WITH HIS CHIEF FRANKFURT On the Main, Sepf. 28 — (JP) — Summoned by his chief, Gen. George S. Patton, Jr., report ed personally on the denazification program in Bavaria today in a conference with Gen. Eisenhower lasting two hours and 20 minutes. Jovial and smiling, Patton emerged from headquarters with Eisenhower and posed for pic tures. Eisenhower said he had no state ment to make, and remarked there was “nothing unusual” in his con ference with one of his Army com manders. Informed officers delcared that reports (not carried by the Associ ated Press) that Patton might be relieved by Eisenhower were un founded “gossip mongering.” Patton invited one photographer to visit the Third Army and show him how to operate some of his cameras, explaining “I am an ama teur camera fan.’’ Patton, in charge of the military arministration of Bavaria, was cal ed to report in person after telling a press conference Saturday that he believed it might be necessary to keep some former Nazi party members in responsible positions for a while to "insure oursel*/es that women, children, and old men will not perish from hunger or cold this winter.” Eisenhower had ordered that Na zis be removed "ruthlessly from public office, regardless of general efficiency.” Criticism also arose over Pattons remark to newsmen that: "this Nazi fight, in some ways, is like the Democratic and Republican fight back home. You always find the 'outs’ back home making charges against the “ins.” In a subsequent conference, Patton said that had been an “unfortunate an alogy.” The Third Army eomander also said he was carrying out Eisenhower’s orders with vigor and loyalty. BASEBALL SCORES National League Brooklyn 5; Philadelphia 2. (Only game scheduled). American League Cleveland 1; St. Louis 2 (second game cancelled—rain). • (Only games scheduled.) , ** i. " I
Wilmington Morning Star (Wilmington, N.C.)
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