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MtltwttgtDtt HJxmttttg #tar North Carolina’s Oldest Daily Newspaper Published Daily Except Sunday By The Wilmington Star-News R. B. Page, Publisher Telephone All Departments 2-3311 Entered as Second Class Matter at Wilming ton, N. C., Postoffice Under Act of Congress of March 3, 1879 SUBSCRIPTION RATES BY CARRIER IN NEW HANOVER COUNTY Payable Weekly or In Advance Combi Time Star News nation 1 Week .$ .30 $ .25 $ .50 1 Month . 1.30 1.10 2.15 3 Months . 3.90 3.25 6.50 6 Months . 7.80 8.50 13.00 1 Year . 15.60 * 13.00 26.00 (Above rates entitle subscriber to Sunday issue of Star-News) By Mail: Payable Strictly in Advance " / 3 Months .$ 2.50. $2.00 $ 3.85 6 Months . 5.00 4.00 7.70 1 Year . 10.00 8.00 15.40 (Above rates entitle subscriber to Sunday issue of Star-News) WILMINGTON STAR (Daily Witnout Sunday) 3 Months-$1.85 6 Months-$3.70 1 Yr.-$7.40 When remitting by mail please use checks or U. S. P. O. money order. The Star-News can not be responsible for currency sent through the mails. MEMBER OF THE ASSOCIATED PRESS AND ALSO SERVED BY THE UNITED PRESS TUESDAY, JANUARY 1, 1946 t. TOP O’ THE MORNING Wherefore seeing we also are compassed about with so great a cloud of witnesses, let us lay aside every weight, and the sin which cloth so easily beset us, and let us i un with patience the race tihat is set before us. —Hebrews 12; I. Legion Acts Quickly % Wilmington Post No. 10, American Legion, deserves high praise for its i promptness in seeking to have this vi cinity designated as a test area, such as Michigan has been, for treating veter ; aiis with service-connected disabilities by physicians in private practice or pro ; vided with hospital accomodations, when hospitalization is indicated. That no time was wasted is indicat ed by the fact that announcement of • the plan in Michigan was first made on i. Friday and by Tuesday a conference among all interested parties had been called in Charlotte to determine what i steps remain to be taken for placing : North Carolina oh the same footing. It is reported that 153 veterans re i quiring medical attention were present l in New Hanover county, of whom only £ .three had been accomodated at the l Veterans hospital at Fayetteville. If , the new plan is set in operation, and the ‘ whole state included, as the Veterans '■« Administration believes it should be, these 150, and other veterans to come, should be in a much better situation ■ for medical care than they have been in the past—all because the Legion post got on the job quickly. Furthermore, with the effort al : ready under way to have Fort Fisher hospital designated for veterans, and with the deactivation of the Army Air port at Bluethenthal field, another hos pital available, it is reasonable to think that either one or both will be utilized, since national and state authorities have been advised of the actual situa tion. Up To Congress The surest way to prevent wildfire ' inflation is to bring production of con sumer goods up to meet consumer de mands, which because of the money • and bonds in private hands are larger j than ever before. The surest way to create run-away j inflation is to increase the pay of union I workers and through strikes cut pro | duction and service to a minimum. Unless production is increased and • unless individual revenue is held in j bounds, the United States is in for a • period of inflation that can end only I in such a 1 ncial collapse as to make ■’ the' 1929 depression seem like pros 1 perity. So long as there is only a limited | supply of consumer goods to be pur i chased and excess cash is in hand for i the buying, no price ceiling can pre\ ent ’ the greatest black market in the world, ! for no other people are so well f ixad j to squander as Americans. These things are so obvious it is hard l • to understand why necessary steps have not been taken to keep the nation on a level financial keel—.why Congress has not enacted needed laws to keep labor on the job in the most tryipg period of the nation’s history. The strikes now in existence and the others soon to come are, in the final analysis, as menacing to the national security as when it appeared inevitable that Hitler should invade our shores. Why, then, should it be so hard for Con gress to recognize a peril at home, when it was so quick to see the peril from abroad ? We do not know the answer. But one thing is certain. Congress must do something to halt union labor’s increas ing power and get striking workers back to work, as quickly as legislation can be enacted when it reassembles, or this, the greatest nation to emerge from the recent war, will be under labor’s thumb and inflation will be in full swing. i A Thought For 1943 Thousands of sermons have been preached about the duel between David and Goliath, and platform orators have applied it time out of mind to their specific purposes, but another word or two concerning it seems due because of the snugness with which it fits the .present situation, particularly in this nation which is as unprepared for great decisions as Saul and the hosts of Israel were unready to do battle with the Philistines arrayed against them. For forty days these Philistines had sent Goliath forth to demand single combat with any warrior in Saul’s armies, but none would meet him, un til David, the eighth and youngest son of Jesse, sent by* his father with sup plies for three of his brothers in Saul’s ranks, accepted the challenge with no other armament than a sling and five stones in his shepherd’s pouch and with his first shot slew the giant and put the Philistines to flight. Here was a youngster without mail or other protection meeting a champion in helmet and with a great sword in his hand. He dared not stop lest the giant rush him, nor could he flee for Saul’s soldiers would jeer him. So he ran for ward, fitting a stone to sling as he ran, and cast his shot at top speed with deadly accuracy. But it is not David’s skill, as much as his courage, that engages attention here. There was no faltering, no indeci sion, no weighing the consequences of failure, in that race toward Goliath. David had a job to do; it must be done forthwith and without a quivering nerve. David had five stones, to be sure, but he must have known that only one could be used. That one must go straight to the target. There was such a demonstration of courage and single ness of purpose in that combat as his tory has not elsewhere recorded. With so many momentous decisions to be made in the year we welcome to day, ranging from atomic energy con trol to inflation, from relations with foreign and not wholly friendly powers to relations with neighbors next door and relatives under the same roof, the need is for more of David’s courage, of fearlessness for the right, of nerveless accuracy against the Goliaths whose slaves we should be if we trembled as Saul’s soldiers did before the Philis tines. Editorial Comment GENERAL BOOTH On the eve of her eightieth birthday, General Evangeline Booth of the Salvation Army was asked if she foresaw a better world. “We are already in a better world,” she said. It is a better world than the one into which she was bom in East London on Christmas Day over three-quarters bf a century ago. The United States is a better country than it was when she came here forty years ago to become Com mander of the Salvation Army. With the war drums now stilled, it is a better world than it was on her last birthday. Under the burden of our daily cares it is easy to compare the present adversely with the past. But we are making progress, as this indomitable woman, who has worked all her life in the service of her fellow-men, is in a position to know. There is abroad today, she says, a determined will for world peace and an end of oppression of all peoples. If she is not down-hearted at 80, why should we of many lesser years be dis couraged.—New York Times. AN OLD TREE IS CUT DOWN One of the largest trees ever cut in Mary land—a tulip poplar—recently was harvested in Cecil county. Seven feet in diameter at breast height; it was 202 years old—There was no evidence of decay in any part of the tree, which was a seedling not many years after the birth of George Washington and some 34 years before Maryland’s first governor took office.—Maryland Tidewater News. ’ Fair Enough By WESTBROOK PEGLER (Copyright, 1945, By King Features Syndicate.) NEW YORK, Dec. 31—Challenged on a’ re cent assertion in these dispatches that vic tims of outrage by unions, could sue them for redress, whether the violence were done by slander, breach of contract or organized anc directed assault or vandalism, I should like to present the gist of that interesting dissent, then I shall offer another opinion, by a judge, unexpectedly upholding my own belief. As a preliminary, let me say that most Americans including, I believe, most lawyers, think that neither an individual nor a corporation has any remedy in such cirsumstances. Thousands of victims have endured gratuitous abuse without protest, and the union executives re flect a belief that their .unions cannot be held responsible. % My theory that they can be sued and pun ished has elicited the following discussion by an attorney in Washington: “Your statement, unfortunately, is not cor rect, or to put it more accurately, is correcl only to a very limited extent,” he writes, “Whether a union is suable in its own name or as an entity is entirely dependent on the law of the particular state in which the suit is brought. In New York, for instance, unions can be sued in their own names. In a major ity r of the states, however, it is not true. Where it is not true, the only recourse is to sue individual members who may be difficult to identify. A suit against individual members who may not be financially able to respond to a judgment is a poor substitute for a suit against the union, itself, which, under modern conditions is ordinarily quite able to respond in damages. .LNOt only is this condition chaotic because dependent on varying state laws but, to make it worse, the federal courts are required to apply the state laws. It has seemed to me that if unions are to function as entities and are to make contracts under which they as sume definite obligtions, they ought to be answerable universally in suits filed against them as entities in breaches of contracts.” The effect of the enforcement of the Wagner Act, is that the national government compels employers who are suable for breach of con tract or other misconduct to make contracts with unions which cannot be punished for their own violations of those agreements. I do not know whether the Supreme Court ever had decided whether such contracts, entered by the employers only under government com pulsion, are valid. Obviously they should not be but, considering the present makeup of the court, it is almost safe to assume that the majority, by some twisted reasoning, would hold that the parties were equals and that the employer must fulfill his obligations while the union need not. The combined effect of opin ions written by Felix Frankfurter and by James Byrnes, in the teamsters’ case, has been to confirm the vast powers of unions for evil and to hold them irresponsible and immune. Coming now, however, to a recent decision of the United States Circuit Court of Appeals in a libel suit by the Pullman Standard Car Company against Local 2928 of the C.I.O. Steelworkers, we find all three judges in agreement that the law of Illinois governs the case. On that basis they found that certain individual defendants who published a state ment alleged to be false and harmful to Pull man’s reputation could be sued. A decision of the District Court dismissing the suit against them was reversed. Judges Kerner and Major held, however, that the Illinois law did not permit Pullman to sue the union, itself. They held that even though Congress did endow unions with legal entity Congress could not and did not intend to deprive a state of the right to determine who could be sued in its courts. Dissenting and contending that the union may be sued, Judge Sparks wrote: “In 1845, Illinois enacted a statute that ‘the common law of England, so far as the same is appli cable and of a general nature, and all acts or statutes of the British Parliament made in aid of, and to supply defects in the com mon law ***** shall be the rule of decision’ in Illinois.” Admitting that under the original rule a union was not recognized as a legal entity and could neither sue nor be sude, as such, he argued, however, that the British courts had since held the contrary and that the Illinois courts were bound to regard the steelworkers’ local as a legal entity. An English opinion which he cited, said: ‘‘The principle on which corporations have been held liable in respect of wrongs com mitted by its servants or agents * * * * * is as applicable to the case of a tra(|e union as to that of a corporation. If the con tention of the defendant were well founded, the legislature has authorized the creation of numerous bodies of men capable of owning great wealth and of acting by agents with absolutely no responsibility for the wrongs they may do. They would be at liberty to disseminate libels broadcast and their victims would have nothing to look to but the pockets of the individuals.” Judge Sparks pointed out that many citizens of Illinois had been compelled to deal with unions as legal entities “mu£h to their sor row,” and that unions make leases and con tracts in their official names. The union, he observed, had been given the right to act in its own name and, as an entity, to enforce contracts and had voluntar ily accepted that status. Therefore it must be assumed that Congress intended that the em ployer could seek relief from the union in court. I seem to remember that the same conten tion has been advanced here, though in less stately language, several times in the last few years. And for answer I have heard only the paradoxical plea that the giant unions, with hundreds of millions in their treasuries, are so puny that they cannot accept equality in the courts but must have an advantage over a widow running a roadside hamburger stand, or a returned veteran who has been blackballed for ciritcising some thieving boss unioneer and would like to sue the union for recognition of his right to work. quotations Let no one imagine that a free democracy will be endangered by giving its youth a year of military training. The experience will be invaluable for needed discipline—too often lacking at home—for health, and for conscious ness of the duties of a citizen.—The Rt. Rev. Ernest M. Stires, retired Episcopal Bishop of Long Island. Our attitude toward Franco (Spanish dicta tor) was made quite clear in a speech I made some time ago. It has not been changed. We detest the regime.—Ernest Bevin, British Foreign Secretary. THE CHILD DESERTER A O Many Europeans Homeless As 1946 Opens Grim Winter BY VIRGIL PINKLEY UNITED PRESS STAFF CORRESPONDENT LONDON, Dec. 31. — (U.R) — A shabby, sordid Europe enters 1946 facing the grimmest winter in 300 years, an extensive United Press survey showed today. Badly in need of a clean up and paint job the continent is lacking in spirit or optimism. At least 500,000,000 Europeans continue to live on war-time food rations which vary between 1,000 and 2,000 calories per day, well be low the standard for North and South America. The survey re vealed between 40,000,000 and 50, 000,000 homeless as the result of a war fought in the front and back gardens of European countries. In all parts of Europe, except possibly Sweden and Switzerland, there is practically no heat, fuel, clothing or transportation. Coal, electricity and domestic gas sup plies are the lowest in history with no immediate prospect of im provement. Widespread use of sulfa drugs, pencillin serums and extensive health campaigns have checked threatened plagues of typhoid and typhus. However, tuberculosis, rickets and venereal diseases are definitely increasing. Medical ex perts worry about the health of children. In many countries such as Poland, Italy, Greece, Spain and Portugal hundreds of thous ands of children are barefooted and only the recent mild weather has prevented serious outbreaks of influenza and pneumonia. On the eve of 1946 millions wand er homeless and more millions face famine, exposure and pestil ence unless food supplies, heat and medical aid are miraculously in creased during the next few months. Britain can best be described by the phrase — “there’s less of everything than a year ago and what little there is is far more ex pensive.” A definite black market is developing. During the war Britons abided strictly by the rules, but after six years they are willing to pay black market prices for the few contforts they can get. There is less coal, electricity, transportation, clothing and hous ing here than at anytime since 1939. Queues are longer and there is less at the end of the line. Food rations have been reduced twice since V-E day and clothes once. The labor government’s plans to improve life are as yet ineffective due to the lack of essential man power, raw materials and ship ping. Conditions which confront other European countries are told in the following highlight dispatches from United Press correspondents, train ed observers in their respective countries: "°T'rv. Shapiro, Moscow: Food rationing continues, but it is slight ly less rig Bread rations are adequate with the possibility of a minute increase next month. The fat, meat and sugar shortage re main critical. A first category worker gets 900 grams of sweets per month in the form of sugar candy and biscuits depending on the availability, and one kilo 200 grams of fats, including butter, lard and vegetable oil. Te devas tation of more than 1.000 towns and tens of thousands of villages has resulted in a housing crisis in which hundreds of thousands live in ruin, dugouts and tents. A cor ner room in Moscow is worth a small fortune. Moscow is warmer than Paris or London due to the plentiful supply of wood and peat, but a coal shortage necessitates electricity rationing—in some dis tricts it is available only between dusk and dawn. The Soviet Union is free from major epidemics, but drugstores could use more drugs and medical supplies such as cot ton, iodine, aspirin and bandages. Charles Arnot, Berlin: So far doctors have successfully fought epidemics and almost 2,000,000 Ber liners have been vaccinated against typhoid. Except for the Russian gift of to pounds of coal per per son in October there has been no fuel for homes. Food rationing is set at a bare subsistence level. Leo S. Disher, Prague: the Czech diet adverage between 1,000 and 2, 000 calories daily but it is radical ly short of proteins and fats. Fruits and vegetables do not exist, eggs are reserved for small children and the very ill and everything edible is rationed. Prague is over crowded. Coal, electricity and gas are short and there is no hot water. Ralph Forte, Madrid: the recent record breaking drought ruined the harvest and unless hundreds of thousands of tons of wheat can be imported from the United States and Argentina a severe food short age looms for February. Food ob tained legally by ration card would hardly keep a strict vegetarian alive and the black market flourishes. Cost of living is high est in years. Health is generally good. Dudley Ann Harmon, Paris: The Frenchman faces the New Year wearing a six-year-old suit and working 24 hours a week due to the shortage of coal and electricity-. The food supply is minutely im proved over last year when the town dweller went through the winter months without meat and fats. Today he receives 200 grams of meat a week. Bread rationing resumes tomorrow. Some families live in cellars -or temporary bar racks. Small quantities of coal, wood and sawdust take off the chill. Robert Meyer, Rome: Hundreds of thousands are homeless and oth ers live in wrecked buildings and caves. Harvest was the worst in years. There are no children’s shoes. Tuberculosis, rickets and venereal diseases are increasing. Religion Day By Day By WILLIAM T. ELLIS GIRDED FOR THE JOURNEY. Only a traveler who has prepar ed, long and carefully, for jour neys into far and lonely and diffi cult places can understand what preparation really means. As we take up the routine of the New Year, may it be by careful forethought to meet its vicissitudes with: New teachableness, that we may learn life’s real lessons as we go along; New kindliness toward all our fellow travelers and adventurers; New clarity of thought respect ing our real objectives; New zeal for self - equipment, with fitness for the experiences that He ahead of us; New loyalty to the dear, famil iar interests, such as family, home, friends, work, Church and Country; New piety—faithfulness in pray er, in the reading of God’s word, in service for Christ; New vision of the greatness and sacredness of life, and of the times in which we live. Our highest ambitions rarely reach the level of Thy plans for our lives, O Lord; and we pray that in this New Year we may have the insight and the courage to dare to be all that Thou hast designed for us. Amen. YOUR G. I. RIGHTS By DOUGLAS LARSEN WASHINGTON — Here are some questions on the new GI Bill of Rights just passed by Congress: Q. Several months ago I tried to get a loan to buy a house. It suited my needs perfectly, but when I asked approval of the purchase by the government representative, le turned it down. He said the price was too high. Since then I have looked at all the available houses in my town but they are all about the same price. I understand now that you can pay more for a house under the new GI Bill passed by Con gress. What do you advise me to do? I still want to buy the house L selected first. A. The new law does not say that a price has to be “normal” in order to be approved for a guaranteed loan by the govern ment. As long as the price is “reasonable” it is all right. Make another application for the loan and the chances are, if all the prices are up in your city, you will get the approval under the new law. Q. Early in the war I enlisted with the Canda’an Air Force Since then I have been honorably discharged and have returned to my home. I want to go to college but they tell me in Canada I have to attend school there to get Ca nadian education benefits. A fr'end told me that under the new GI Bill T can now attend school in the United States. Is this true and how does it work? A. Under the new GI Bill as passed by Congress, Americans who served honorablv w'ih anv Allied Army during World War II are now eligible for the benefits of the GI Bill of Rights. Q. My son was attending col lege under the Army training program but he was never able to get any benefits under the GI Bill of Rights whene he got out. Does the new law change this? A. No. (Questions will be answered only in this space—not by mail. Mines laid by Nazi submarines closed the entrance to New York harbor for a 30-hour period in No vember, 1942. The Doctor bays— diabetics need MUCH TRAINING by WILLIAM a. O’BRIEN, M. I). The physician who diagnoses diabetes in his patient plays tat most important role in the out come of the disease. The patient should be told quite frankly th* nature of his disease, the fact that it probably will last his lifetime, and the necessity for continuous scientific care. The new diabet c has many things to learn, and a hospital stay is helpful in getting a good start. Every case of diabetes is an :v dividual problem. Management of the disease is not difficult, but it is time-consuming. Purpose of diabetic treatment is to prevent loss of sugar through the urine, to prevent an abnormal breakdown of protein and its con version into sugar, and to hold fat metabolism, in check. Prop?: treatment will make the patient look well, feel well and enjoy life. All diabetic patients must be taught to test their own urine and keep themselves sugar free. Good diabetic management is based upon proper diet. Although various diets are used, there is one point on which all agree; that is to keep the total calories down so the patient stays slim. When overweight is corrected, diabetics improve. The various diets also are in agreement in mineral, pro tein and vitamins recommended; the only variation is in amounts of fat and sugar prescribed. The diets vary with age, sex, weight and occupation of the pa tient. New diabetics usually are started on a simple diet and alter ations are made as indicated, insulin is given to diabetic pa tients to compensate for deficiency of the pancreas. A normal person secretes a small amount of insu lin at all times, and a large amount when he eats starch and sugar. The average diabetic pa tient injects a single dose of pro famine insulin each morning, which works slowly, lessening the danger of insulin shock resulting from, an overdose. Hunger, weakness, sweating, trembling and appre hension are signs of beginning in sulin reaction, and unless the con dition is corrected, loss of con sciousness may follow. A small amount of sugar by mouth usually will correct the condition. The Literary Guidepost BY DAVID TAYLOR MARKE DEMOCRATIC EDUCATION, A Report on the Colleges, by Ben jamin Fine (Crowell; $2.50). Whither higher education? This is a question of more than passing interest to all citizens at a time when the GI Bill of Rights has focused attention on the American college. The nations educators aye themselves divided on the answer. Some, led by Dr. Robert M. Hut chins of Chicago, would like to see college curriculums adhere to a study of the classics. Others, led by Dr. John Dewey, advocate a system of eduation that would be more immediate and practical. To throw further light on the problem Di>. Fine has made a sur vey of 5,000 veterans who have returned to college, to determine what they want from their educa tion. He has polled, too, parents and high school students to learn their views. Dr. Fine’s extremely readable analysis and his conclusions are perhaps best epitomized by the following anecdote: A professor and ferryman were rowing at sea, whep the professor asked: “By the way, did you ever study Latin?” “No,” came the answer, “I nev- I er did.” “Too bad,” said the professor, "one-quarter of your life is gone. . . .Did you ever study philoso IMiy : “No,” the ferryman replied. “Too bad,” said the professor, “Half your life is lost. . .Didn’t you ever take a course in early Greek civilization?” “No; not even that.” The professor shook his head | sadly. “Three-quarters of your life I is gone.” “By the way,” interrupted the J ferryman, “did you ever lean; to 1 swim?” “No,” the professor replied, "I | never had time for that.” “Too bad,” said the ferryman. “Your whole life is lost. The boat is sinking.” GERMAN EDUCATION AND RE EDUCATION, by Susanne C. En glemann (International Univ Press; §2). The re-education of Germany is today one of the most crucial prob lems we face. But unless we un- J derstand the German educational , background we are doomed to fail- . ure. Dr, Engelmann’s analysis o( | German education from the time of the Empire is concrete and ac curate. It is of interest to everyone concrened with the causes and cures of aggressive militarism. POLKA DOT TIE TRIPS OFFICER IMPERSONATOR BOSTON, Dec. 31.—(U.PJ—James Hemingway, 19-year - old Negro from Washington, was giver & i* suspended three-month jail sen- 5 ience today for impersonating an Army ir corps captain. The policeman who arrested W Hemingway testified he became I suspioious when he saw the youth ,■ wearing non-military hip boots and I
Wilmington Morning Star (Wilmington, N.C.)
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Jan. 1, 1946, edition 1
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