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THURSDAY, APRIL 11, 1946.
TOP O’ THE MORNING
I tried to be a skeptic when I was a
young man, but my mother’s life was too
much for me, Cecil.
“Earnest Worker”
Under The Microscope
The eyes of the nation turned to
ward Winston-Salem last night when
Harold E. Stassen addressed the State
Republican convention.
Mr. Stassen, former governor of
Minnesota, naval officer, and Presi
dent Roosevelt’s choice as one of the
United States representatives at the
San Francisco Security Conference, is
the likeliest Republican candidate for
the presidency in 1948.
What he said will be weighed by
members of both leading parties with
his eligibility for that office in mind.
His every word will be under the
microscope, by his own party to de
termine whether he merits backing
and by the Democrats to learn what
holes exist in his armor.
Draft Extension
If the vote in the House Military
Committee is the proper gauge, the
draft will be extended for nine months.
The committee vote was fifteen'to eight.
The Senate committee still has to
act, and obviously is reluctant to do so
in this election year as recurrant post
ponements indicate. The delay this time
is for but two days, but in view of the
pressure for extension by the military
establishment, coupled with the neces
sity of filling the ranks of the Army,
the Navy and the Air Forces during
these parlous times and the require
ments for occupation force replace
ments, it seems probable that favorable
action will be taken.
Thus again we may note that while
the war is over the duration is not.
However the proposal approved by the
House committee is milder in many
provisions than originally intended.
Service, for examp7e, would be limited
to eighteen months, fathers would be
exempted, and inductions limited to the
minimum need above voluntary enlist
ments.
The objective on July 1, 1947 is an
Army of 1,070,000, a Navy of 558,000
and Marine Corps of 108,000. In com
parison with the figures for each dur
ing the height of the war, the totals
appear very small. In view of the fact
that Russia is creating an army above
five million, the question is if it may
not be too small.
Sugar Refinery Strike
Some eight thousand workers in
seven sugar refineries propose to cut
off 70 per cent of the nation’s cane
sugar production by striking on Satur
day. They are members of the AFL
and the CIO.
Thus union labor tightens its grip
on the nation and the remainder of
the population, all the millions who
make up the United States, can do
nothing about it.
When a wage controversy was first
started the refineries offered a 13-cent
hourly advance in wages to their work
ers. The unions demanded 15 cents.
When the refineries failed to meet this
demand the unions increased the ante
to 18 1-2 cents, which seems to be the
government’s standard under its pre
posterous wage-price program.
It is not impossible to go without
sugar, of course. But it is all so need
less. The whole wave of strikes, in
cluding this in sugar refineries, would
never have happened if Congress had
enacted proper labor control legislation
when union leaders first set out to
dominate the land.
The Meat Situation
A copy of an interview with W. R.
Sinclair, president of Kingan and Co.,
appearing in the Indianapolis News of
March 28, has reached this department.
Kingan and Co. is a slaughtering and
processing firm with headquarters in
Indianapolis and additional plants in
Richmond, Va., Orangeburg, S. C., and
Dothan, Ala. In normal time its plants
produce 5,800,000 pounds of meat week
ly. At the time of the Sinclair inter
view the total had dropped off 2,000,
000 pounds.
This is of particular interest in that
14- ■Pnvvnpline n KrioJn /-»f\ 1V1 wnwln/wi tTrl 4-T-»
* W * v-w U WWUikJ W X 1UU11 IT 1 vil
the larger firms in the same business
which operate many more plants and
whose norma] production is many times
larger than Kingan’s.
Mr. Sinclair told the Indianapolis
News reporter that in the week of the
interview the Indianapolis plant would
slaughter 500 cattle, instead of its
normal 2,500 to 2,700. He added that
250 production employes had been laid
off, that 250 sales routes had been clos
ed and many others reduced to an every
other-week schedule.
The price of cattle, he declared,
was from 50 to 75 cents per hundred
pounds over the limit it would pay and
keep within the price ceiling. The situa
tion in the company’s other plants was
similar.
At the same time meat “bootleg
gers'’ were operating with little or no
restraint, distributing their black
market product at exorbitant prices.
The existence of a black market is well
known but for the most part its opera
tors are successful in dodging the law.
The consequence is that law-abiding
retail dealers and housewives have on
the one hand no stock in trade and on
the other meatless tables much of the
time.
The cure, says Mr. Sinclair, lies in
the removal of OPA controls and ceil
ings. If the high prices of black mar
ket products are considered, he is un
doubtedly right. No price resulting
from this removal could be as high
with the country’s meat supply mov
ing in legitimate channels from slaugh
ter pens to consumer.
Time For Showdown
Despite Russia’s demand that the
Iranian case be dropped from the Se
curity Council agenda, Iran urges it
be taken up and both sides of the con
troversy aired at the council table. In
asmuch as Russia got what it wanted
there appears little reason to do so,
unless the Council is prepared to force
a showdown on Russia’s revolutionary
conduct.
It cannot be forgotten that the Sov
iet Union advanced perilously near the
verge of aggression in Iran at the
start, nor can it be overlooked that
by keeping an army in Iran long after
the date for its withdrawal it probably
had its way with the Iranian govern
ment by means of actual aggression.
That is what puts the Security
Council on the spot, for the United
Nations Charter, which is supposed to
bring peace again into the world, spe
cifically prohibits aggression in any
form. The Council, therefore, cannot
go into the Iranian case from all an
gles without being ready to impose
whatever punishment is provided for
such offenses if it finds that Russia
is the offender, as it is sure to do.
It would hav< been better to bring
Russia to terms when the Moscow pre
disposition to rule or ruin was first
manifested. Having failed on so many
occasions, in the delusion that appease
ment would produce harmony, the
Council must either ignore Iran’s plea,
and so admit its impotence, or go to
the mat with Russia in a final show
down.
.
Atomic Age Secrecy
By HANSON W. BALDWIN
The national control of atomic energy and
secrecy, and espionage regulations are con
temporary problems that are part of the
broader problem of American military policy
and that must be solved by a middle-of-the
road approach.
The protracted debate, which has not yet
progressed beyond committee level and which
has revolved around the McMahon and May
Johnson bills must come to an end; final
Congressional approval of legislation for the
national control of atomic energy is overdue.
The reasonable compromise between those
who would bar the military from any share
of control over the development of atomic
energy for military purposes and those who
insist upon some military participation has
long been obvious.
Today, atomic fission represents . military
power and little else; to exclude military in
fluence completely from an atomic energy
control commission is unthinkable. But it is
equally unthinkable that the military should
have dominant control; all the principles of
democratic government dictate the impera
tive necessity for minority influence. The
saner minds of those who have studied the
problem have long agreed on these principles.
Last week’s unanimous acceptance by the Sen
ate Atomic Energy committee of a revised
Vandenberg amendment to the McMahon bill,
which embodies this “midale-of-the - road”
principle, comes, therefore, as a welcome re
lief to weeks of petty quibbling and unfounded
and startling charges.
The problem of secrecy—not only about
atomic energy but also about all political
military matters—is even more important to
tm; xubui v wi nit unn j wiau uiv. v.auv,k wwm
position of the Atomic Energy commission.
The atomic bomb and recent spy cases in
Canada and this country have been seized
upon as excuses for attempts to tighten great
ly—gnd dangerously—the espionage laws. The
scientists rightly fear that too great an empha
sis on secrecy not only would tend to increase
international friction but would also hamper
the development of science, for mutual ex
change of basic scientific information is the
keystone of much of our material progress.
The scientists hold, with some reason, that
additional basic information about atomic fis
sion—particularly that relating to its medical
aspects—could be released, and their pressure
toward this end has probably been helpful in
securing the “declassification” — actual or
projected—of some of the papers that were
by-products of the atomic bomb.
But some of the scientists have gone to
extremes in their demands for “no secrecy.”
A good many of them, and some of the public,
have been disturbed by three specific in
stances—each one of them involving a sci
entist—in which restrictive measures were
taken.
Dr. Edward U. Condon, present head of the
Bureau of Standards and formerly associated
at times in various capacities with the atomic
bomb project, is one of three men whose
cases have now become a sort of scientific
cause celebre. Dr. Condon was invited through
the Soviet Embassy, as were a number of
other American scientists,'to go to Russia last
June to attend the 220th anniversary of the
Russian Academy of Science. He had accept
ed and was about to go when Maj. Gen.
Leslie R. Groves, commanding the Manhattan
District, had Dr. Condon’s passport canceled.
This trip was scheduled during the war, be
fore the bomb was used or its existence even
known, and General Groves’ action, though
much condemned by some scientists, was un
doubtedly justified.
The second case was that of Bertram Gold
schmidt, a French scientist, connected with
a Canadian atomic-bomb project. After a cer
tain period of association with the project,
Mr. Goldschmidt was told he must either be
come an American, British or Canadian citi
zen, or sever his connection with the project.
This, too, seemed justifiable; governments—
particularly when secret work is involved—
usually require their trusted employes to be
citizens.
But the third case—that of Frederic Joliet
Curie, a French physicist, and alleged to be
Communist—is more dubious. The Westing
hniico pnmnanv wViinVi ic hnlH a ppnt.pimial
celebration in mid-May, long after the war’s
end, planned to issue an invitation to M. Joliet
Curie, as well as to other foreign scientists.
General Groves offered some behind-the
scenes objections, and the invitation was not
issued to the Frenchman.
The scientists rightly ask how long this lat
ter sort of thing must go on. If we are to
put up intellectual bars around the country,
intended to keep all foreign scientists out and
all our scientists in, we will create as much
of a barrier ‘o international understanding „as
if we strengthen and build up tariff and cultur
al barriers. Some secrecy in connection with
the atomic bomb and other military projects
is essential, but again we must follow the
middle ground.
Publicizing now every detail of the manu
facture of the atomic bomb and of other
armaments would serve no useful purpose.
Indeed, as James Henle points out in a letter,
full dissemination o' all the data about the
atomic bomb to all the nations in the world
would not stop armament or atomic compe
tition; it might, indeed, stimulate it. For
atomic development has by no means ceased,
and dissemination of all the facts today would,
as Mr. Henle notes, "merely put competition
on a different plane, and every government
will immediately proceed to expend time and
money in perfecting a more deadly bomb than
any other government possesses.”
But as L. N. Ridenour has written in the
Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists of Chicago:
"We can make an analogy (in our secret
policies) with the way other weapons are
handled. The design of guns is kept confi
dential yet the metallurgy of steel is dealt
with in the usual way. Military aircraft are
designed in secret yet the aerodynamic prin
ciples on which they are based, and even
techniques such as flush riveting, are freely
published and available to all. It is thus that
scientific and engineering progress is made.”
While we must guard our essential secrets,
until the necessity for national strength and
national secrecy has been eliminated by in
ternational organization, we must be careful
that we classify as secret only highly im
portant information, and that our attempts to
preserve secrecy do not infringe on demo
cratic processes. The experience of history
has been that no military secrets can long
be kept in any case, there is nearly always
a definite time limit on their importance.
We can, therefore, in attempting to define
secrecy too broadly, grasp at a straw of se- ■
curity at the risk of imperiling those things
we are attempting to secure. Today, there is
still an aftermath of "over-secrecy” left from :
the war. But it applies not only to the atomic
bomb. A Russian naval officer is arrested,
at least ostensibly, for attempting to secure
the “secrets” of a destroyer-tender—a ship
that at best has picayune secrets to offer.
The Armyt has announced that it would no
r
s.
V
ITS SPRINGTIME ON THE RIO “GRAND”
_
1- - -’
Ballerinas Practice All Their Lives
On Tricks ‘Jackie[ Was Born Doing
By JOHN SIKES I
It is probably the wav I have
with babies although I have never
rai for a public office and, there
fore, have never professionally
iissed the little tykes.
But, to repeat, it must be the
way I have with them. Because
just day before yesterdav Mrs. J.
M Kennedy, who lives here,
wrought her 18-months-old Jacque
ine — who is naturally called
‘Jackie"—in to see me.
And, the little flatterer!,
Jackie” did not act as if I were
3U ogling monster when 1 made
what passes as googly-goos in my
vocabulary at her. She even cot
oned up to me, as the boys say.
Maybe I would make a good poli
tician, a‘ that.
Well, I'm not here jdst to tell
rou that a little girl going on two
rears old came in to see me. No.
Nothing so simple as +ha+ And
nothing so lovely.
No. It turns out that little babies
ion’t just come in to see me for j
ic reason at all: like grandbabies i
*o to see gran'dpappies so the lat
lei mav goo over the former.
There always has to be a reason
,vhy babies come to see me. Fact
y, there’s always got to be a rea
son why anvbod-" comes to s^e me.
Makes me feel downright lone
ni Tiiet +r* + V> i 3-1L +
aobody, not even babies, lust come
o see me for myself alone Tt is
discouraging and it is cynical.
Just as my business tycoon
Friend Russ Parks came in to see
me the other day. I was all flat
tered and flustered to th’ok that !
he would iust dron by, mavhe huv
me a coke. Tha+ wasn’t it. He
wanted me to act as treasurer of
a movement, to vive a oa-tv to rm
it.her old friend of our'*
eaving town nretfv soon CThe
eason 1 don’t mention the name
onger make public, officially, the
whereabouts of units of divisional ■
size or above.
But the worst manifestation so
ar of the secrecy complex that
svery now and again assails our
democracy was a recommendation
made recently to the Senate
Atomic Energy committee. It rec
-immended that the esDionase
aws be tightened by making it a
irime for any official to reveal,
without authority, any military
“secrets,” anti for any reporter,
adio commentator or publisher to
oublish or broadcast such informa
'ion. The definitions, as reported,
were broad enough to include un
ler military ‘secrets” many classi
fications of news of vital import
ance to the public and to the na
;ion.
This sweeping attempt to dam j
he source of news is not new the
same measure has been advocated
n much the same form at many :
previous times by the military or |
;he Department of Justice. There
s no doubt that such an act would
facilitate the task of convicting
spies, but it would also tremend
ously, extend the power of govern
ment and might well result in re
stricting greatly the flow of legiti- 1
mate news. For the act might ap- i
>ly to all official information of al- ;
most any character, and under the ;
;loak of such secrecy the checks 1
ind balances that a free press and i
ree public opinion provide might i
veil be eliminated. No such act 1
should be passed or even consider
'd. It is truer than ever, in the i
itomic age, that “eternal vigilance ■
s the price of freedom.”—New i
Fork Times jBmm
cf this old friend of ours is that
I was so crestfallen when I learned
Mr. Parks hadn’t come to see me
for myself alone I forget whether
the party is to be a surprise or
not.)
But this is a long way from
babies, and even farther away
from little Jacqueline Kennedy.
So let’s get back to Jacqueline.
Jacqueline has, for want of a
better name, elasticity of joints.
That should be fairly simple for
you to figure out. But just in case
you can’t: “Jackie” has a tenden
cy to move sideways as much as
forwards. She can do what is
known ir. the ballerina trade as a
' split” without even trying. When
she plays on the floor she sits in
the split position about as much
as she does in the regular position.
Furthermore, “Jackie’d” as
soon eat her Farina with both feet
over her ears as not. When she
is playing on the floor and decides
she wants to take herself a little
snooze she just lays her head over
her feet and lets it go at that.
Parenthetically, and to think
that the ballet gals like Vera Zo
rina spent years and vears and
even more years learning the split.
And so laboriously!
Well, if turns out that little
Jacqueline was just born that way.
She hasn’t the slightest notion
she’s being cute when sn? lifts a
left foot and catches it behind her
right ear. And nobody her ever
taught her the trick*:. She came
by them naturally. Mrs. Kennedy,
her mother, is justlv nroud of the
thicks little Jacqueline can do. But
think of having a child who can
do all manner of tricks without
even having to bother to teach
them t" her. You certainly must
Religion
Day By Day
By WILIUM 1. ELLIS
Moody’s Brave Brusqueness
Once, in Boston, I was attend
ing a Moody meeting which the
great evangelist had opened to
testimonies. One man stool up on
the "latforrn and bevan a rambling
and fanatical talk, whereupon
Moody stepped forward, and
look him by the arm, saying “Sit
down? Ycu’re crazy!”
I am sure some super-sensitivo
saints were shocked by Moody’s
orusqueness. Yet the effect upon
the meeting was electric and
stimulating. It cleared the air of
-onventicnal piosity.
Often 1 have longed for an out
spoken and blunt Moody, as I have
patched gatherings wrecked by fu
iie or fanatical speakers. When I
lea-- devout Christians beine
larrangued by some crank, expon
ul onp °1 the many religous
ibberatic.ns of the day, 1 wish for
i modern Moody in the chair, who
;/lU "Sit down. You’re
' Such drastic treatment
g t even mean the restoration
c sanity 0f the offender himself
et us not be timorous slaves *
lonvent.onality as we engage i<
rhy w°rk- O Lord. Make us brav
o contend for truth and order,
tmen.
know some mothers who spend
long hours teaching little Mary
how to make a neat cuiisey so
she can impress Aunt Susie when
she comes around.
] And, so far as I’m a judge,
Jacqueline is just as natural as
the next child. Nothing abnormal
| about her. She can frow a kiss at
j the nice mans just like your little
girl.
She started this business as soon
as she started to move around on
the floor She was 18 months old
April 3 and she weighs about 21
pounds and she’s maybe a couple
cf feet high. I’ve really forgotten
how to tell people’s height, even
j babies, without a tape measure
i and I didn’t have one when
Jacqueline came in to see me.
That’s about all I can tell you
about Jacqueline right now. We’ve
been trying to get some pictures
o1 her so you could see what I’m
talking about. In a few days may
be we will.
You know how taking baby pic
tures is. You just sort of have to
wait around and catch their when
they’re in the right mood and pose.
I '
11*- .XT'_
iTiincnne}' wn
BRIDGE
By WILLIAM E. McKENNEY
America's Card Authority
apen pair championship with
open pair championship with
Harold Harkavy, Ambrose Casnei
of New York became Life Mastei
No. S3. While “Amby” is no1
well known around the country,
he has long been recognized ir
New as a fine player.
The caliber of a player is besl
demonstrated when he holds poor
cards. Most East players would
have become discouraged with the
cards Casner held in the hand
shown; but when West opened the
king of spades. Casner decided to
do something unusual as his only
hope of contributing towards the
defeat of the four-heart contract
He played the nine of spades on
the first trick, and when West
continued with the ace of spades
Casner dropped the deuce. This
was a demand for a continuation
and generally signifies the ability
t° ruff the next lead of the suit
Therefore, when West played
the five of spades, declarer thought
that Casner was now void °of
spades, and put on dummy’s ten
spot. Casner’s jack won«the trick
and as West still had to get a
heart trick, the contract was de
feated.
1
uoctor days—
FINGER-SUCKING
DAMAGES TEETH
By WILLIAM A. O’BRIEN, yj .
Irregularity of the teem. lniai '
elusion) results from a .r.,v‘A‘;
causes. If this were no’ .-’j c'..Cl1
all children who suck their J
would have crooked teerh. '* 6e'!
Most dentists who specialize
the corrections ot child:
believe that if a child stops
ing his fingers after the t’mrd vej’
of age, 1>1 tie permanent d’mageo
the teeth results. The habit sho d
not be forcibly broken a- any t,~r
as the child may substitute’ ai*
ei habit which is more dr ’icultT"
control and w'hich causes rr,o-=
damage—lip sucking.
If a child does not acquire the
habit of sucking hi
fore he is a year old, he is ao|
likely to dc so.
If a baby’s sucking needs a-e
satisfied in feeding, usually n
does not resort to finger-si:e
Children who get their food tej
easily from the mother’s breastc
from a feeding bottle ,ri‘h. larj(
holes in the nipple develop tfc(
habit mere readily than do those
who have to work for their food
Physicians and dentists uniform
ly advise parents not to forcib v
-a x—,— . .
they learn why he does it. tor it ;s
more important to remove the
cause than it is to try to cure the
result. Most older childfen v
continue to suck their fingers wish
to stop, but the sucking has be
came so habitual that it is practi
cally impossible for them to quit.
Some children who are thumb
suckers apparently are bared. 11
they are given suitable play ma
terials, they gradually abandon
the habit, for it is impossible for
them to paint or build with blocki
while sucking their fingers.
Other children need playmate!,
and it is better to spend time in
encouraging the child to play with
c-ther children than in trying to
stop him from thumb-sucking.
Mechanical devices upset a child
so much that when they are taken
off he immediately goes back to
sucking his fingers. As this dis
pleases bis parents, he it then
more disturbed than ever.
Most children have the urge to
bite before and during the erup
tion of the teeth. Since the gums
are not in contact in the earlier
stages of mouth development, the
fingers are inserted as substitutes.
Stop talking about the habit in
front of the child, give him plen:
of rest and food, do not punish
him or make him wear restrain
ing devices, help him to find in
terests in life, praise him for
everything he does well. These
I thing will help him to drop his
[infantile habits.
Don’t forget that a child en
joys being the center of attention,
j and fingersucking may be an
ideal way of attracting attention.
Parents are wise, therefore, not to
act disturbed.
1 he Literary
Guidepost
Bj W. G. ROGERS
THE STRANGER, by Albert
Camus, translated by dtuan
Gilbert (Knop) $2.
"There’s never any knowing
v/hat one may come (o, ’
young Meursault reflects as this
unusual novel, and also his
his perverse but innocent life, ap
proach their dramatic close.
The story is told in the fir.-',
person by an Algiers resident. Ke
holds an office job, has a Un
friend Marie; he knows Celes e
who runs a restaurant, Raymond
| who gets money out of women w..o
gets money out of men, Siamano
| whcf loves the mangy dog h{
' abuses.
At the start, Meursault’s mother
has died in the Home to whies
she was admitted when it became
apparent that the ties between he
and her son were slight and ;a«
he didn't earn enough to supper
'her. On a two-dav leave iro
to attend the funeral, he fails h
measure up to the conventions: t
i makes no parade of grief, decline*
to view the body, responds to to
need for coffee and the desire »•
a cigarette.
Throughout the rest of the t*
citing book he continues o deni
onstrate this1 detachm:r‘.
stands aside while life runes ®
exorably past.
But his misfortune is
refused to allow him to enjoy
aloofness and indifference: ■
may turn up his nose at i: * */"
not turn up its nose at h:r.
more he stands aside, th" no (
he moves into the middle r
things: the more he ignores -,
chains of the normal. invo1'’*
existence, the tighter they ^‘“r
around him.
He is as helpless as the rriTc''
ter in Greek tragedy, or th- llIC*‘
less German hero, "Sc. 3^'
Grischa.” But he is more, f * -
is sublimely indifferent: h:
be bothered with trying to s'
his fate, and can’t even take a
interest in it.
The author, welcoming like
hero the ‘‘benign indifference p
the universe,’’ is on the one ha:
a fatalist, but on the other a :'c\"
against the notion that society
made for man. or man for soc:e-V
Camus was editor of a F cr‘r!"
underground newspaper, and •
book may be the first by a rp"‘
generation Frenchman you've Fa
a chance to read. It’s a chance
ou shouldn’t miss.