PAGE FOUR
EDITORIALS
“END OF AN ERA 4 '
The Democratic National * Convention
of 1948 was historic in several respects,
but it was memorable primarily in that
it served notice on the South that the
South could no longer dictate the Demo
cratic attitude toward the Negro. To a
large and growing number of Democrats
in the South the party means much more
than simply the political body which is
expected to advocate or condone keep
ing the Negro in a sub-citizen status, but
to many others, including the rank and
file of officeholders and party leaders
of the Deep South, keeping the Negro
in its place continues to be the para
mount function of the Democratic party.
The abandonment of that objective in a
positive and official way by a Democra
tic President, and the emphatic ratiiica
tion of the President’s stand by the party
in convention assembled, explains the
chagrin and rage of those southerners
who made spectacles of themselves in
Philadelphia. It will take some of them
a good while to adjust to the change,
.others will never do so.
As Ralph McGill, editor of the At
lanta Constitution pointed out last week,
in Philadelphia an era in party histovv
came to an end.
The attitude of the South ever since
civil rights became a live issue at the
instance of President 1 ruman has been
compared with its attitude in 18(50 and
some of the events that have occuniod
since then have parallelled that turbu
lent and momentous period in American
history. In the past few months the real
position of the rebellious southerners has
beers in defense of the privilege of main
taining Negroes in a status of sub-cii»-
zon ship, as in 18t>0 it was in dvienso of
the right to maintain and extend slavery.
Both in 18ff9 and in 1918 the arguments
in favor of the status quo have been set
forth on a higher plane—-that of states
rights. Some few who have advanced the
slates’ rights argument against the civil
rights program have been sincere; others
have indulged in rationalization of their
real motive of Negro oppression; but all
have avoided the moral issue, which v c
slate thus: The theory of states’ rights
is absolutely unsound and immoral when
extended to cover the contention, t h a t
the superordinate group has under that
doctrine the privilege of determining the
extent to which the rights of a subord
inate group of citizens shall differ from
those of the others.
One impassioned southerner orator a!
the Convention pointed out: that the tenth
Amendment to the Constitution reserved
tp the states all rights not conceded to
the Federal Government. If certainly did.,
but there are three other amendment.
to the Constitution; the 18th, 14th ana
35th, the obvious purpose ot which whs
to extend to the freedmen ail the rights
of citizenship enjoyed by other citizens,
and to prohibit the state governments
from interfering with the same. And
Congress was given the express power
to enforce these parts of the Constitution
by legislation. Thus the plea of states
rights is entirely irrelevant.
There is no basis for t h e contention
that the South has the right to be left
to determine Its own ‘internal affairs
when that contention includes, as it ob
viously does, the privilege to discrimin
ate against a class of citizens of the
United States and of the state itself to
the extent of depriving them of rights
THE CAROLINIAN
Publisned by The Carolinian Publishing Co
Entered as second-class matter, April 6, 1940. st
the Post Office at Raleigh. N C.. under the Act
of March 3, 1879
P. R. J&RVAV, Publisher
C. D HALLIBURTON. Editorials
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Address all communications and make all
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manuscript, e'jjf unless stamps are asm.
11# JEwt'lfaureelt St* Raieitfh. 21. C.
enjoyed as a matter of fact by other citi
zens. It is nothing less than appalling to
think that there are those in this county
dedicated to freedom and justice who
contend openly and fervently that that
is what states’ rights means, and yet the
most fervent speeches in the convention
did just that. The same thing happened
before the Civil War, when slavery was
dignified with the halo of states’ rights
to the extent that good men forg'd thai
human rights ami the rights of the indi
vidual. which they proclaimed so loudly
in lip service, were absolute,v inconsis
tent with any such interpretation of the
lights of the states and of local self
government.
What is happeneing in this day is that
more and more Americans arc willing to
hue to the line of real justice. The Demo
cratic Convention showed this when if
rejected the proposed states’ right
plank, introduced with this distorted in
terpretation behind it. and adopted a civil
rights plank more nearly in harmony with
the tr u 1 y American ideal. It thereby
served notice that it was accepting the
principle that justice for American citi
zens was everybody’s business. Which it
is.
GOOD FOR JUDGE SMITH!
When Judge Paul Smith acquitted the
two St. Augustine’s students arrested on
a charge of illegally posting political
notices it was officially acknow’edged, in ■
effect, that the young men were guilty i
of no real offense .though they had en
tried, it is said, a plea of guilty to the
technical charge. Judge Smith knew that
they had been arrested not for violating
a statute or ordinance, but for being Wal
lace workers, and for having the temer
ity to go into non-Negro sections with
their propaganda.
It is to the credit of Judge Smith that
he refused to permit his court to be an
instrument for the chastisement oi in
nocent young men for an act which would
have gone unnoticed except for a rather
unusal combination of racial and political
circumstances attending it. Good for
Judge Smith!
It is gratifying also to note that the
State Elections Board has made it pos
sible for the Wallace party to run candi
dates for Congressional and state office
in November. The other unfavorable and,
to onj thinking, unfair conditions placed
on the party should also have been re
moved, but the change which the Board
did make in its earlier ruling represented
a definite move toward equality of status .
for political groups. One does not have
to be a member of the Wallace group
(the writer is not) to appreciate the ne
cessity for this equality, if the state is
to maintain a democratic framework in
politics,
VIRGINIA AGAIN
Again Virginia goes ahead of North
Carolina as Roanoke adds a colored
member to the city school board. Dr. H.
T, Penn, twice an unsuccessful candidate
for the the Roanoke City Council, losin,:;
by only two votes in his last trial,’ has
been chosen by the city counci for a four
year term.
North Carolina may well look to it
laurels. This is a good time also to re
mind Raleigh citizens that a Negro mem
bor of the city school board is expected
as soon as the next vacancy occurs. P
should not be forgotten that Jes.se O.
Sanderson, city superintendent of schools,
has publicly expressed himself as favor
mg the appointment of a colored citi
zen to the board, and that several city
officials, as well as certain persons not
in office who were very active in bring
ing about last yeai’s changes in the city
administrative organization and person
nel, have made similar statements. Ne
gro citizens expect these words to be
translated into action.
There are those who say that the school
board should be above considerations of
race. As long as there are separate
schools such talk is nothing more than
highfalutiu poppycock.
THE CAROLINIAN
[" Ml , i
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1 f# ■*'*&* \ / f '-“'A 'i*' y - \ i
!» % i
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. AND THt WORLD LAUGHS ON!!’’
|§jjp iece nd llicuahts j
c - O. rtJVCLJLBUKTO*
m
Secretary of the Army Ken
noth R wall, as a good,
Jar Net til Carolina Democrat, :s
doubtless an advocate of states'
right:-: y t he has resisted picas
of the governor of Minnesota
vnet other official:-- and organ
■rations of mat state for tin.-
-•--■" Ito • lr.;!t Negroes into the
state's National Guard. M .
Roy all has notified the- M;n
te. sc.tans wot Negroes might h
admitted onlv if organized im
a separate company or cm:
panics.
The Negro ;:..>puiation o: Mm
nt sota is small, and its citizen
arc perfectly willing to sec ap
plicants for the Natu nal Guard
i-n.-oiU-d .tr, existing urv;
with out ciiscrimin dion. There i
no justifseaton. as far as they
car. for keeping individual
colored ir.cn from serving the ■
r-tate* and nation by setting up
arbitrary conditions which are
at the same time impractical.
Now and then seme southern
er expresses hurt surprise that
Negroes do not relish the ele
vation of southern politicians
to policymaking positions m
the Federal government. Why
thev should be surprised is a
mystery; for by and large south
erners want more than to be
left alone to “solve our own
regional problems in oar own
way.’* They want to carry their
Si MlA'i SCHOOL
‘ESSO'S FOR jm 23
BY IHI REV, P 11 JOHN SOX
Subject. Jonathan. 1.i.-v* 1
I Sam 13:1-4: lTi-fi.
Memo:y Soi. cUo: A f,-i- i. :
i'.'vc th at a!! times. - Pr.-v 17 17
V. T c- set- in the io-.'-or: f• in. -
where a prince in :‘-r person of
Jonathan stands up |,,, »,> h;--
.’Vi' nd David, who vas •■ iv
shcoh: rd This -how • :,n
--:ype of frclndsinp on tin par:
of Jonathan bee c it called
much sacrifice he- part.
J n:U: an wits heir to the lim re
us L-ratl by but David wa.
. vinc-ly chosen king Jon eh.-m
lov. -i David as tie own 50,,!, ano
«t the peril of his own life pro.
tooted him from the anger of he;
fat her. Sain. !n acini: the- Jonaih
i ave up hop, .if becoming kag
of Isarcl. On the oiner hand David
bitterly Jarnentr-6 the cicr.ih of
Jon than, although that death
cleared his way to the throne
Jonathan took upon hltnsf It to
find out hi- father's attitude to
ward David whether good nt o\ il.
.'a an individual is a true friend he
ti his friend oi approaching
will do nil thai is in hi- power to
I. neer. regardless of the soni c .
Jonathan did
Saul hated David, he wanted to
ri-.sfroy David. David feared Saul,
he looked to Jonathan for heiji
In r,s much as David was- divinely
chosen he shoul.i have trusted in
CHAPLAINS' CASUALTIES
Kilted sr. action 63
Kiiied while detained
by enemy 35
Died while detained by
enemy . 4
Death rsoii-bcitlle _ 91
Wounded in action 264
Returned to Military Control 37
CHAPLAINS' DECORATIONS
Distinguished Service Cross. 18
Distinguished Service Medal.. 4
Silver Star 157
Legion of Merit 106 j
B.onie Star 1,232
Air Medal 1C j
Commendation Ribbon ?,30 j
Purple Heart 342 j
Foreign Decorations 57
''solution" where vo they gn,
■ U'ni establish It \\ !u : c.'Vl-i they
cun Wheiiovt <■ > .. m i
ihoriti thev nv he counted -n
to do .just that
Sc, :eta: v itv ai ! expects
Minnesota to confirm to in.-;
-.lthc it dt : iv. i t?« :;v A- .
high oft,c: i! .... the United
Stall '.v t : -■
erncr. and so far as no is eon
cooed in his dot- : mmotien ot
Arm-, polie!'-.- Minnesota a
stntt-s rights are ve; y limit-..:.
If Minnesota i> t- reeetvt- Fee'
oral funds for the support 4
it.- Nation;, i Guar- estobh.-u •
itit-at. u must ■ ‘iii.o m •
pattern ‘.vhich Mi. Rovrdl
is proper, no tells tie- Mavnes.-
tans. N - inU :;r i• ■ o'., he save
Tito injustice of the ssyiern
Ay which the A::ny dominati '
the National Guard, leaving f -
tain evils untouched, but creek
ing down on Minnesota, h-,-
Rcvi r been move cli-arly high -
lighted than' it has been recent
!v as a result of the now
lective service law. Under t’ia
S'- iCctivp service
jrining the National Guard b<-
forr a certain date were auto
matically ex - mpt fr-.rr. the nt- •’ ■
draft soon tr: begin Yet in n
huge part of th-< United States,
while white youths flocked to
encrJi in the Guard and save
Or>'l nnd fonuff-d no iv-r-.n. in .n
--nivL-h if*; Davai trusted in Jono
ther; he ftnmd .TonDthxm to be a
j - ii<, friend, H wr, noi Ouvlti
- T > r 'hup who bi"ii.L.i victory to
h-.ld « TSf
‘THE SI W!ONS”
By JOHN HENREK CLARKE For ANP
Africans: now that the- usurper of your
Pmvei is busy in battle with usurpers
Lite again your spear and shield
And reclaim the. land that was your’s
When time was young.
And win n they call you murderer
Thrust your dusty chest forward and shout . . .!
Murderer, ves. proud murder,
Murderer for freedom!
"Next Door” b y tec s«a«r
i .
v -
- — y o >! w\
rail FW' -e Ay. *'/Hji, Uwfyjjb'** I
. ~r«m Ts r - r
■ >,i. . - .Do You Have A Big Sister . . . ???’
themselves fov their education
c. trii'U' ,u '•••;■! • careers, i! u-u
linpc. ,si!>i : .11 Negro young men
to get into the .National Guard.
1 hov had n > choice but to wait
: ti:c draft >r volunteer lor
tile regular Amy, .since no state
so„tn oi Maryland has any kind
• i pn»\ is,on 1 r acepting Ne
groes, evn in separate units,
and most slates outside the
South had no separate -units
and were I rbiddon by Mr.
Roy all’s . uling to receive Nt-
Mixes in;o non-scgiogated unit-.
Mr. Royail would very likely
-,-intend that his o\v n North
Carolina and othci southein
Mates shoo’d be free, as they
ate. :o ,»» .ucie Negroes corn•
plete’y f their National
Guard organizations. That is a
matter .»f states’ rights, it would
ie-u’. tii be argued. But Min
nesota.--.we3l, that’s different.
H nv about the right of Negro
citizens I'l the same choice as
white citizens as between ser
vice m th; National Guard and
bring drafted’ Mi. Royail
could answer fbul won't) thot
the United States has ahvav.s
given the Negro a different
k.nd of i-.’ioice when it comas
t i military service: that of d«.
iog as h-. is told, and liking it.
d)-;i-iiminatiun and all. or being
labelled a traitci.
True inenr, -Tup should be felt
today. 7br u-pr of friendship as
shown between Jonathan and
David is the type w need in our
world today.
WEEK ENDING SATURDAY, JULY 24, 1948
IXCANBMANCOCK FO6 ANP
Little by little the Negro's political stature is increasing. A?
the dark days of '76 recede, even the most casual student of politics
can note with ease great political gains. For quite 50 years the
GOP simply toyed with the Negro voter of the country. They
1 iio Negroes" and swept the limited Negro vote of the nation and
simply took the old hackneyed slogan "the Republicans freed
N< yroes themselves seemed helpless to extricate themselves from
the political meshes of the cagey Republicans.
II is true that occasionally the Negroes were handed a sop
in the nature of some inconsequential political office, but any
serious attempt to integrate the Negro into the political life of
the nation was foreign to the political designs of both of the ma
jor parties.
But witn roe coming o! Franklin D Roosevelt, the whole
p ditieal complexion of things changed—and for the better so
In as the Negro was concerned. The coming of great o'd Oscar
In-Priest was the political table is spread in the prensenw of his
< nemie- Even in the erstwhile "solid south" political rumbling
can be heard that foretoken the Negro's political arrival even
in the south. Toe so-called "solid south" is split wide open on
''whether or not to admit the Negro to full suffrage In South
Carolina a half dozen counties defied the dictates, of the Demo
cratic machine and opened their books for Negro registrants.
If that run happen in South Carolina It can happen anywhere
and everywhere—and it. will. Those of us who remember the
halcyon days of Republicanism in this country can recall -how
unimportant were the national nominating conventions. But today
how changed!
Os course the GOP in their convention said little and meant
less. but. the civil rights issue foisted by President Truman into
the forefront c.-f things political, thrust a challenge to the old liners
that could not. be evaded. To their credit bo it said the Republican
congress did .me thing worthy of serious note and that was they
failed to scat the happily lamented Bilbo This was about the
extent f their stewardship of tlu- current congress so far as N< ■
gi■ oos w e :<• con ce i ned.
The civil rights issue is the political "hot potato" of national
politics To Truman's credit it must he- said he made it so. What
ever we may say for or against Harry Truman he put out his neck
in hurtling the civil rights issue into the forefront of national
politics. Some or the old line Republicans among the whites and
seme of the incurable Negro Republicans arc quick to note that
Rankin was closeted with Truman and came out "smiling." It
matters not how much Rankin ••smiled" for what Truman told
him in private, the fact remains Truman’s heroic stand on the
civil rights issue has not been openly repudiated.
• So far as this writer is concerned, Rankin may "smile" ail
he wants to so long as Truman refuses, to back down publicly on
the civil rights issue. Even if the Democratic convention fails to
embody a sufficiently strong ro d rights planks at Philadelphia.
! this write; is not going to hold that against Truman. He did hi'
part, and he must not he held responsible for all of the sins of
- the Democratic party any more than Roosevelt was held.
But h ick t.) our increased political stature. With Truman
on the one hand and Dewey on the other, the Negroes of this
nation have a political choice that is terribly tempting. Best of
all, both parties are openly bidding for Negro support and that
is the important thing. The difference between Dewey and Tru
man so far as Negroes are concerned will he inconsequential
f. orgre-x is the important thing and just as it has sidestepped the
Negro’s advantage in the past it will do so in the future, Bui
> we are .growing in political stature. Congress will learn better
| by and by.
HEALTH FOR ALL
"Its got me stumped, doctor,’’ Harvcv Smith told me
; "VC, tv phone wnon he called recently to ask if I could see him.
.' 1 I get these aches in my arms and legs, rod toward evening I seem
t ; be running a fever. In the middle of the night I wake up in a
l sweat and feel chilly. Often I’ve perspired so much 1 have to changs
; my night clothes "
Harvey added that he had been suffering like that for the past
n w,-eks He kept getting mine tired and listless all the time,
•and that day he couldn't "get up the ambition to go to work." I
trio him to com*- right over to my office.
The man did look the picture of exhaustion when he came in
Hi- said the aches in his arms were especially bad that day and
i that he hadn't had a good night's sleep in a week. He added that
• he couldn't understand his feeling bad since he was only back
from vacation about a month. Some friends had invited him and
his family to sp; nd a week at then farm and. Harvey said, they
i r.d plenty of good vegetables and “nice fresh milk straight from
ino cow.”
lie had heard about night sweats’* in tuberculosis and wes
afraid that perhaps that was what was wrong with him. I advised
a thorough physical examination and Ha; vev ; * reed. To check
the possibility o: tuberculosis. I included a chest X-ray in tha
examination. During succeeding visits he was also examined and
tested for malaria. rh«umatte fever and arthritis, and even typhoid
t\ er since his lymptotns might have pointed to any of these
dis-i ases. While examining a blood specimen, the laboratory dis
covered that Harvey's serum reacted strongly in the test for un
dulant fever, so-called because often the fever rises and falls daily,
and further examination by me confirmed the diagnosis.
Hsrvcv asked what -andulant fever was when I told him
v. hat was wrong. 1 explained that it was a disease most often
tot.-nd in such animals as cows, goats and hogs and that people
{.< , the germ from these infected animals.
'People usually get the disease by drinking raw or unpasteurizsfl
rock. toori products made from that milk. Harvey." I told him.
"They may also get it by direct contact with diseased cattle or
y handling infected raw meat."
I treated Harvey app; o-priately. Meanwhile. 1 lost no time in
reporting the case and information l had obtained from Harvey tj
the health officer, and via the state health department, the informa
tion was forwarded to the health officer of the community where
Harvey had visited. Investigation there proved that the cow owned
by Harvey’s friend had brucellosis. Mrs. Smith and hei little daugiv
tii. as well a.- Harvey also had drunk milk rum t-hc infected cow.
but only Harvey became ill. That is one of the strange things about
u",infant fever. Two people can drink milk from the same diseased
c v and only om of them will get sick.
Undulcnt fevt rarely causes death, but it can undermine a
person's health generally and cause prolonged discomfort and dit>-
rbility. Frequently it take; a long time to cure With proper treat
ment it may disappear in a few weeks but s f *metimes, even with
the best care, a person may have repeated attacks.
Anyone who suspects he might have symptoms of undulant
i. -or should consult a doctor immediaetly. Delaying proper treat
ment means putting off measures the doctor can prescribe to re
lieve the sufferer.
People who drink milk that is not pasteurized are taking
chances. Pasteurization kills harmful germs that might be in the
luftk. including germs that cause such diseases as undulant fever.
Everyone should make it a rule to use pasteurized milk, for
drinking and cooking. When it is impn sibk to get pasteurized
milk, raw milk can he made safe by putting it in a double boiler
. id heat it to the boiling point. The milk should then be cooled
as quickly as possible by placing the hoik*, containing it on ice or
in ice water.