C!
i m
Building Should Be Freed of
Annoying Insects.
fßy 11. D. Farrer. Entomologist. Illinois State
ib Natural History Survey.—WNU Service.
Before farmers begin housing their
chickens for fall and winter produc-
will be decidedly profitable to
thoroughly dean and treat the poul
try buildings for lice, mites and other
parasitic Insects.
Unless effective control measures
are taken at this time. Hocks often lie
come so heavily Infested with these
' , insect pests that they become nn
y thrifty, egg production declines and
thousands of dollars in poultry profits
are lost by producers.
Practically all poultry Insects can
be killed by applications of any kind
of oil. This applies particularly to
I mitts, bed bugs and lleas which feed
on the birds by sucking their blood at
night. In the daytime those insects
usually leave the birds and hide in
cracks and crevices in the poultry
house.
Some of the more economical and
effective oils for this purpose are
creosote, kerosene and waste crank
case oil, applied with a brush or
emulsified with soap and water and
sprayed on the inside of the building.
Dormant tree spray emulsions mixed
at the rate of four or five gallons in
100 gallons of water are also effl-
ACient poultry Insect destroyers. All
cracks and rough places in
l|l|lHbod should be saturated with the
BH> Insure satisfactory control.
■Hroultry lice spend their entire lives
Rn the birds and thus must be con-
Ptrolled by treating the fowls with
powders or gases toxic to the in
sects. Tor this a good grade of eodi
um fluoride is economical. Each bird
Is dusted individually by applying a
pinch of sodium fluoride under each
wing and around the vent, roughing
the feathers to allow the powder to
sift Into the plummage, or the birds
may be dipped In a solution of one
ounce of sodium fluoride In one gallon
of water.
Where It Is impractical to handle
each bird, painting the roosts with 40
Ik per cent nicotine sulphate is recom
mended. A line of the disinfectant
about one fourth Inch wide is applied
along the roosts just before the birds
retire. The nicotine fumes filter
; through the birds’ feathers, killing the
lice. This treatment should be re
peated In 10 to 14 days as It does not
kill the eggs. All lime or whitewash
should be removed from the roosts
before nicotine sulphate is applied.
Scaly leg, caused by mites feeding
under the leg scales, can be controlled
by dipping the feet and legs In a solu
tion containing two parts of raw lin
seed oil and one part of kerosene.
Confined Hens Lay Well,
Experiments Have Shown
That hens kept In confinement, if
properly fed, will lay quite as well as
those of the same age on the usual
range and even tend to lay
eggs Taiteer in size, has been shown in
Ikxperii'.Ents at the United States
P>Animhl ’Husbandry Experiment farm
at Sid., covering a five-year
period.
These 'ixperiraents further showed
that neither the fertility nor the hatch
ability of the eggs was affected by the
confinement of the birds laying them,
important considerations in poultry
flock economy. There was also no ap
preciable difference in mortality in the
flocks maintained experimentally un
der the two systems of management.
, Both lots of birds were fed the
same rations except that those con
fined to their laying house had cod
liver oil added to the basic ration
and the non-confined birds were al
lowed to range In grass yards about
by 100 feet in size. Every effort
Bkas made to furnish the confined
thirds all the sunshine possible through
Popen windows In the laying house, the
sunshine and cod-liver oil precautions
preventing possible ill effects from
vitamin deficiency. Both lots were
furnished electric lights from 5 a. m.
until daylight each day from Septem
ber 15 to April 15 each year.
Cellophane Protects Chicks
It is well known among poultry
raisers that young chicks have a tend
ency to pick at everything bright.
Often they will pick to death another
chick which becomes slightly scratched
' or injur*!, because they are attracted
by the right of blood. Experiments In
dicate that blue cellophane can be suc-
used to control this trouble.
The cellophane Is simply placed In
lis similar to those used
sns and then fitted Into
of tho chicken houses.
tnd Their Diet
e of throwing grain on
jiled litter is coming to
n with disdain. Experi
and commercial poultry
und that the normal lay
be fed both grain and
ere, and that they will,
t the correct proportion
'he same type of hopper
i dry mash can be used
ed. But where grain Is
dditlonal hopper, space
S or
by
THE BRIDESMAIDS’ LUNCHEON
IRISH linen damask, in gleaming white, with a centerpiece and border
in the new lilac and hawthorne design, is the perfect setting for
the bridesmaids’ or other formal luncheons. The simplicity of the
pattern sets off the cut crystal and place plates, yet the floral design
gives it a festive air. Two glasses only are used, one for water and
one tor champagne.
♦
SCHOOL STATISTICS
Very likely the school situation in
North Carolina will be given consid
eration in the next General As
sembly, and for the information of
those interested, the following data
has been secured from the public re
lations committee of the North Caro
lina Education Association. The
source of this data is from reports of
the State Department of Education,
the National Education Association
and the U. S. Bureau of Education.
Increase In Amount of Work
1929-1930
N. C. Nation
Enrollment 866,939 25,778,015
Average daily En
rollment
Average daily at
tendance 672,895
1933-1934
N. C. Nation
Enrollment 895,525 26,772,000
Average daily En
rollment 831,563
Average daily at
tendance 756,758
Total enrollment is different from
average daily membership. In the
latter duplicates, due to children be
ing enrolled in two different districts
in the same year are accounted for.
Gross enrollments are used here in
first item in order to make national
comparisons. Average daily enroll
ment for the first period not avail
able. While gross enrollment in
creased only 28,528 during the four
years, average daily attendance
jumped 83,863.
Decrease In Number of Teachers
1929-1930
N. C. Nation
White teachers 18,025
Negro teachers 5,866
Total teachers 23,891 880,365
1933-1934
White teachers 15,585
Negro teachers 5,745
Total teachers 21,330 850,000
While the number of children in
average daily attendance increased
83,863 for the four year period, the
number of class-room teachers de
creased 2,561. North Carolina de
creased the number of teachers 11.13
per cent as compared with a reduc
tion of only 3.12 in the nation as a
whole.
Number of Pupils Per Teacher
1929-1930
Based on N. C. Nation
I In Planning for Christmas dmmmS* *
I ' DON’T OVERLOOK P I
| Our R. C. A. RADI OS |||£m| 1 |
| •We have R. C. A. Radios in all models, in all sizes, and at any price you may wish j 1 J|j|§p||g| || $
; to pay. For those who do not live in town, we have BATTERY SETS. R. C. A. Radios .] 11 ] pppß/j |
i will bring the world to you, including all the foreign stations. The whole family j filMi %
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IJ* V* 19 Oakum & Queen Sts. N. C. I
THE CHOWAN HERALD, EDENTON, N. C., THURSDAY, DECEMBER 20, 1934.
Enrollment 31.1 29.16
Average daily member
bership
Average daily attend
ance 28.16
1933-1934
Based on N. C. Nation
Enrollment 39 31.43
Average daily member
ship 36.2
Average daily attend
ance 33.0
Neither gross enrollment nor aver
age daily attendance is the best
method of arriving at the number of
children per teacher. The average
daily membership is the best basis.
Gross enrollment is used in order to
make comparison with national aver
ages. Under either of these methods
of computing the teacher load North
Carolina is considerably higher than
the nation as a whole and this load
has increased during the past four
years.
Average Cost Per Year Pc-r Child
1929-1930
N. C. Nation
Teaching cost $33.08
Total cost 45.71 $90.22
1933-1934
N. C. Nation
Teaching cost S2O 04
Total cost : 21.89 $67.33
Per capita cost may be figured
either on the cost of running the
schools for the year, which gives a
smaller figure, or on the cost of run
ning the schools, plus the amount
spent on building, called capital out
lay. The per capita for national ex
penditures includes the buildings. In
either case North Carolina has never
spent more than half the national
average per child for a year’s school
ing. Although we had never reached
half the national average this State
reduced the per capita cost 32 per
cent as compared with 25 per cent in
the nation. In teaching cost we cut
over 39 per cent over the four year
period.
Total School Expenditures
1929-1930
N. C. Nation
Salaries $21,443,965
Other oper
ating 7,173,638
Totals $28,616,603 $2,316,790,384
1933-1934
N. C. Nation
Salaries $14,198,466
Other oper
ating 4,575,482
Totals $18,773,948 $1,799,306,000
North Carolina cut its school ex
penditures during these four years
34.8 per cent, while the nation as a
whole cut only 22.3 per cent.
Average Annual Salaries
1929-1930
N. C. Nation
White teachers $ 954
Negro teachers _____ 639
All teachers $ 850
White principals $2,405
Negro principals 1,344
All principals $2,177
Principals and teach
ers $ 902 $1,420
1933-1934
N. C. Nation
White teachers _§ 604
Negro teachers 384
All teachers S 566
White principals __51,147
Negro principals 949
All principals $1,093
Principals and teach
ers $ 618 $1,222
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f GIFTS
I Why Not iff Jl I
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fCHE VROLETj
i '~ r " •• ■ ■ = i
I I
g • A gift the whole family may use, appreciate and enjoy and Jl
at the same time be a source of pleasure and value throughout £
% the New Year. The Chevrolet, a product of General Motors, %
jg : will, as in the past, be modern in every detail, economical to -J|
f operate and comfortable to the greatest extent at the mini- i\
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f most of others and their pleasures, consider the Chevrolet ... : JS
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§ |
|£. Phone 150 Edenton, N. C. Jj
In the nation as a whole the sal
aries of teachers were cut 13.9 dur
ing the period of the depression. In
North Carolina the cuts amounted to
31.4 per cent. Much of this cut in
North Carolina, of course, came be
cause the local units side-stepped in
creasing salaries over and above the
minimum provided by the State.
Average salaries for both state and
nation in this comparison of per
centage reductions based on pay
ments made to both teachers and
principals.
r bayview" ~"|
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I ERNEST L. WHITE, Prop.
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i SI-IAVE 15c SHAMPOO 35c j
j HAIRCUT 35c MASSAGE 35c j
* 104 East King Street Edenton, X. C. |
PAGE THREE
Dr. J. W. Selig
OPTOMETRIST
Will be in his office on
the third floor of the
Citizens Bank Build
ing, Edenton —
FRIDAY, DEC. 21
8 A. M. to 1 P. M.
- _____________ •
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