PAGE FOUR THE CHOWAN HERALD Published every Thursday by Buff’s Printing House, 100 East King Street, Edenton, N. C. 1. Edwin Bufflap Editor Sector Lupton Advertising Mgr. SUBSCRIPTION One Year $1.26 Six Months 75c Entered as second-class matter August 30, 1934, at the post office at Edenton, North Carolina, under the Act of March 8, 1879. Advertising rates furnished by re quest. . Curds of thanks, obituaries, reso lutions ofirespeet, etc., will be charged for at regular advertising rates. THURSDAY, MAY 14, 1930. THE HERALD’S POLITICAL STAND .Were it not that quite a few read ers and friends have asked the editor of The Herald why the paper has not thus far editorially supported or op posed one of the guberantorial candi dates, probably not a line bearing on the political situation would have ap peared in this department during the campaign. Take it or leave it as you choose, here’s one editor, anyhow, who does not intend to hazard a guess on the outcome of the June primaries, or even so much as give you a hint how you should vote for any of the va rious jobs at stake whether for gov ernor or what not. So if you are going to depend on The Herald for this sort of help, you are lame be fore you start The idea may be a new one, but it is a sensible one. It just seems to us it should not be the prerogative of any newspaper to force its politi xal convictions upon a reading public fully able to determine for itself whom it may favor. So far as the editor of The Herald is concerned, a vote will be cast for Sandy Graham, but that is no rea son for The Herald to search for as much infromation as possible that would tend to show that Graham has a better chance than the other can didates to win. The editor remem bers the days when ward workers and political bosses could be pretty well depended upon to herd in a certain number of votes, but believes that that time is passed. Voters in this day, if they are interested at all, have plenty of means to secure what information they desire and will vote the way they see fit in spite of what newspaper editors or politicians have to say regarding favored candidates. Perhaps, it is all right to expose the shams of a candidate* but to draw a comparison between one candidate and another, doesn’t hit us as foursquare. It should be no edi tor’s job to voice his own preferences and feel he is influencing voters to follow where he may lead. It just seems to this particular editor that the one who does this reckons him self as a pretty superior sort of an individual, and J. E. B. is not that kind of a hairpin. In fact he doesn’t intend to make a dunce out of him self by assuming he can be a bell weather for those who condescend to read his ravings. Anybody, even the most illiterate, can strike an average and determine whether he is happy and satisfied, and reach a conclusion as to who to back on a gamble that things will perk up livelier. That’s the way it strikes us, anyhow. We need no one to tell us who to chose as between Graham, McDonald and Hoey, nor between John White and Bill Berry man, nor any of the others. There’s just enough sand in our make up to consign anyone to a different clime if they come around for our suf frage. Our viewpoint is that pretty nearly everyone in Carolina, especial ly in Chowan County or the rest of the Albemarle, is a decent sort and would make good in whatever office he aspires to. In fact we sympathize heartily with bigoted editors who declare for someone on the editorial page and run straw ballots on Page 1 showing how silly their prognostications may be. Os course if we were a Horace Greeley or Charles A. Dana it might be different, but if you have read so fr.r you can readily tell we are neith- er one of these distinguished old timers, one of whom went crazy try- ! ing to guess things out politically, | and the other who never saw his j guesses bear fruition. For your editor you have a plain, unassuming writer who can be inde pendent as the dickens. The Herald is in no way aligned with any parti cular political or group of politicians 1 in Edenton, the County or State, and 1 for that reason doesn’t intend ; through editorial comment to say anything that might be detrimental to ai»y candidate, or on the other j hand boost another candidate. The editor of The Herald believes he has very few readers but who could do better than he can, but who tries to do the best possible under great handicaps .and does not intend to mar that bulPs eye by showing j off with advice regarding politics. However, in the matter of nomi nating a governor, the one outstand ing candidate is • . . gosh, the hot weather has gone to our head. DEATH ISSUES ANOTHER WARNING One minute laughter and joy, youthful gaiety and happiness! The next minute, almost, three fine boys : and a scholarly and attractive gsrf, were in Eternity! A grim and leer- 1 ing skeleton, typifying Deatft, had ; 1 Heard and seen ________________ By "BUFF” Thanks to St. Paul’s Church hav ing a big diocese convention, some folks got out of bed early Wednes day morning to attend church ser vices. And then I asked a lady if she had any news, whereupon she re ' plied, “Yes, I went to church this 1 morning and that’s news.” I reckon she’s right at that because according to the size of congregations at reg ular preaching hours quite a lot of , folks have quit going to church at I aIL .... » ~,i. 1 ■ o Omigosh! Mr. Wells, please don’t look for me in your gallery. Last week I said I’d go in the gallery the next time I went to the Baptist Church, and this week a Baptist . friend told me that only scalawags • sit in the gallery- Ding bust it all, ; maybe that’s where I belong at. that. ■ And then on the other hand if all ■ the scalawag® sat in the gallery, the l congregation downstairs might be • still smaller. Maybe that’s why Pm > a Methodist—we don’t have a gal lery. Fact is, we don’t even need a , few rows of the front seats any i more. ! —o— W. R. Horton on the first of the month started a stunt that would be • well for all bill collectors to follow. ■ Included in the envelope containing > the bill of each hotel patron was • found a package containing head ache powders. Maybe some of the birds living at the hotel made good ; use of the powder, and many of us i need several headache powders along : about the first of the month. o Shirley Temple may be mighty ! cute, but she has to go come to beat this one pulled off by little Judy Jones. Judy was attracted into the ■ new Ladies’ Shop in the hotel build ing by the nice array of new dresses and in her eagerness to inspect i them started to feel of the material. “O-o-o-oh, don’t touch them,” said Mrs. Jim Daniels, “your hands are dirty.” Judy yanked back her little hands, and looking at Mrs. Daniels . with a puzzled expressionon her face, said, “My face is clean, may I look ; at them?” She was given permis sion and had a good look while she was at it. o Mrs. Emmett Elliott had a job on her hands Tuesday. The Elliott : fishing nets were taken up for the season and Mr. and Mrs. Elliott de i cided to treat their help to a good - feed. Fish fry! No, siree! They saw enough fish. The Elliotts kill i ed a cow and had a regular beef stew which no doubt tickled the palates of the employees far more than would have a herring or so. Mrs. Elliott was in town prior to the feed to secure the extra trimmings to go along with the stew, and while I haven’t heard from any who attend ed, it’s no doubt but that they’ll not have a hard time next year to get help during the fishing season. o The bell hops at the Hotel Joseph Hewes are now all diked out in new uniforms of blue coats trimmed in gold and gray trousers. They add a big city air to the hotel. And by gosh some of them are making good use of the show windows as they walk down the street. Why in the dickens don't Mr. Horton put up a mirror? o I sympathize with some of our school teachers. As the closing of school is at hand many friends ask, “Are you coming back next year?” To which question the answer is, “I don’t know, I haven’t been asked to come back yet.” o Cal Kramer thinks it just isn’t fair. At the Rotary fish fry last week he had the largest pile of bones on his plate. When reminded of his huge appetite, he blamed Par son Ashby for slipping his bones on the plate. The rest of the Rotarians were too busy getting away with fish, sc it’s a case of believing Cal or the Parson. o Maybe we ought to have a church ■! taken the situation in hand and , | wrought another of its ghastly pun > ] ishments for violation of the high- I way laws having to do with speed , and recklessness! It’s away Death has in issuing its I warnings, hut who cares ? Motor • fatality statistics in North Carolina ; ' respond, “Hardly anybody!” and the I I grewsome old flesh less cadaver that stands always between us and the ■ grave, laughs anew and plans for the next time! j A great fellow, Death! We get a ! cold, or have the mumps, or shake | with ague, or run a splinter in our hands, and we rush to a doctor to help drive Death away! But put us behind a steering wheel, or some of us, and we reach out with one hand and lovingly embrace and help hold Death on the running board, listening to his Satanic urg ings “Go faster, go faster,” until finally we come to an open bridge draw with a toothpick guard gate! Through it we slam and plunge into 22 feet of water and face our God in the twinkling of an eye! A great fellow, Death! Why ever waste money on a doctor? Take a ] ride, for you’ve always got a skele ton on your running board, and, if traffic laws mean iothing to you, you’ll soon be one yourself! THE CHOWAN HERALD, EDENTON, N. C, THURSDAY, MAY 14, 1936. - convention here every day. As some i of the visiting rectors arrived in - town to attend the convention at St. - Paul’s Church some of the slot ma s chines suddenly disappeared from - their usual place. Nope, don’t know i the reason. By gosh, maybe some i of the preachers wouldn’t mind play ' ing them. I’m laughing up my ■ sleeve if most of the preachers would f decide to remain in hewn. t T, „(. And quaking o*,, fish fryq re minds me of the one at Walter Bis * piug’s fishery last week for the * Windsor Wee Club. Hec Lupton and 1 I thought we were the only Edenton J eaters in on the feed when, in pops c Cam Byrum, West Bynurf'and Paul 3 ols son. It wasn’t fair competition ’ because I was pitted against esters : like Cam Byrum, A. E. Bowen, John | Stoks, and Jim Tadlock. And can ' those boys eat? Rock muddle was 5 the main dish on the menu, but be -1 lieve me, there was plenty of other things. I’m not going over this 1 week for I’m scared Sheriff Fred J Dunstan might turn up and get my name on the Bertie tax books for 5 being in Bertie County so much. s • Noah Goodwin must think I’m ; running for office. On Saturday night 3 he politely yanked my Sunday cigar . out of my coat pocket and went off > smoking it That’s all right though, i Noah don’t know I’m figuring on go s ing out to his farm one of these r days. o All kinds of political letters are r going through the mails these days, t but the one to cause the most com < ment was received by Ernest White ! from a brother barber. The writer ■ said he attended to Clyde Hoey’s s barbering needs, which due to the t fact that Mr. Hoey wears his hair . long, didn’t strike Ernest so compli -1 mentary, and he answered the letter s saying he could give a better hair ! cut. However, friends of Mr. Hoey s were quick to give a good reason for , the long hair, which is to cover a : scar received when kicked by a mule ■ as a boy on the farm. Yep, ain’t * politics sumpin’? o And while in a neighboring town i Sunday a voter told me that the t people were tired of being bossed : by a gang of old heads. “We’ve ■ had lawyers in charge long enough 1 now,” said this fellow, “what we ' need for a change is officials with ■ some brains.” Omigosh again; Seems i to me that if a fellow wants to learn s his past history all he needs to do s is run for some kind of an office. I . don’t even have a history because ! when I ran for councilman I didn’t i hear a thing—except the result. ! O And speaking about Town Council, 1 ; whoever it is that keeps track of the ; income and expenses must use only red ink. Here’s a simple warning: Anyone wanting anything from the i Town Fathers that costs anything ■ might jus£ as well wait until a new i budget is made out. They’re a tight . bunch and I doubt if a fellow could ’ bum a cigar from them while in session. Joe Habit took pity on them Tuesday night and presented : each councilman with an Arrow beer . ash tray. The tight-wad—why didn’t he furnish a bottle of beer to go with it! o Today the Edenton High School baseball team plays for a State championship at Chapel Hill. The boys have a fine team and here’s ( hoping they come back with another. State championship tucked under j their belt. The boys and Coach Brogden are to be complimented ev en if they should lose to Burlington. If all reports are true, and if Nina Wilcox Putnam would come ‘ through Edenton and drive across the bridge at the Norfolk Southern freight station, it's a cinch she could smell something—and it wouldn’t be peanuts, either. They can herring roe in the old cotton oil mill, you know! It gets my goat that the only con tests in the coming election will be between John White and W. J. Berryman for Representative, a con test for the Board of Education, and constable in the Second Township. Shucks, the consam office-seekers won’t have to even notice a fellow now, let alone talk when passing on the streets. Rev. Frank Cale Enters Bass In Byrum’s Contest Rev. Frank Cale was the first angler to enter a fish in the contest sponsored by Byrum Bros. Hardware Company. Mr. Cale thia week enter ed a 22% -inch long bass weighing five pounds and four ounces. He was awarded his choice of a bait and the catch will be recorded in the contest for the largest fish caught during the season. Mr. Cale used a Shakespeare rod and reel and Rain bow Vamp bait. Anyone catching a fish larger than Mr- Cale’B and bringing it to By rum’s will also be entitled to a free bait, and an chance at the season's prize. Markets seem to prefer infertile I LENGTHY SESSION OF TOWN COUNCIL Principal Business Transacted Was Approving Contract For New Well On Fair Grounds Property Though very few matters came up for discussion, the meeting of Town Council extended unteil after 10 o’clock on Tuesday night. The prin cipal item of business transacted was the authorization of Mayor E. W. Spires to execute a contract for the erection of a new well on the Fair Grounds property. The entire cost of the new well will be $11,285 which is complete, and will be drill ed by ,thp Lane,Atlantic Compapy, After the well is completed the i present well on Freemason Street will be repaired, which will include regraveling to stop the flow of sand- The cost-of this project will be S3O per day, with a maximum amount set at SI,OOO, the Company promis ing to complete the work as soon as possible. A representative of the State Board of Health has been in Edenton to decide where the well could be located and gave two sites, either on the Fair Grounds or on town proper ty opposite Leary Bros. Storage Company. Due to the high cost to lay pipe and operating expenses, it was decided to erect the well on the Fair Grounds property. It was said the well will not deface the property and would not interefere with future development of the plot. Representatives of the Daily Ad vance appeared before the Board in an effort to secure advertising space in a special edition, but due to no allowance made in the budget for ad vertising, the Counci Imen rejec* j the request. John Creecy, colored, appeared be fore the Board in the interest of hav ing the Town cut a drive way into property on West Queen Street. No action, however, was taken about the matter. A letter was also tabled urging Town Council to join the N. C. Lea gue of Municipalities. The condition of ’uie Police De partment automobile was also called to the attention of the Councilmen, who were of the opinion that a new car should be bought instead of pay ing for many repairs needed. It was decided, however, that just ab solutely necessary repairs be made at present. RED MEN HONOR A. S. HOLLOWELL IN GREAT COUNCIL Local Prominent Red Man Elected Great Junior Sagamore; In Line For Great Sachem Chowan County Red Men have just reason to feel honored in that one of their members is now in line to become Great Sachem, the highest office among Red Men of the State. A. S. Hollowell on Tuesday at the meeting of the Great Council of North Carolina held at Durham was elected Great Junior Sagamore, third highest office, and by virtue of this i honor will automatically become head of Red Men in North Carolina. Mr. Hollowell has for a number of years taken an active part in State Redmanship, holding a number of minor appointive offices in the State organization, and this year complet ed a three-year term on the Great Board of Appeals. He has also served his home Tribe for many years as collector of wampum, and has been very energetic in his es- I forts to build up and maintain inter- I est in the Order, not only in his I home Tribe, but in the entire dis j trict. Largely due to his efforts Chowan Tribe has enjoyed a steady growth in membership and at pres ent the Tribe is in excellent financial condition. Three mmehers of Chowan Tribe attended the Great Council meeting, Mr. Hollowell leaving Sunday, and O. H. Brown and W. J. Daniels leaving Monday morning. WEEK-END AT HOME Guy Russell Parker, of Fortress Monroe, Va., spent the week-end as the guest of his mother, Mrs. Belle W. Parker, in the upper end of the County. Commencements Begin Sunday Night (Continued from Page One) will be in charge of Evelyn Brown, giftorian, who will present the grad uates with gifts, many of which will reflect characteristics of the recip ients during their school days or later in life. The Class Day exer cises will come to a close with the valedictory address by Mary Eliza beth Cates. Final commencement exercises will be held Tuesday night at 8 o’clock. For this occasion the address to the Seniors will ‘be made by Leon R. Meadows, president of East Carolina Teachers College, at Greenville. There were 30 members in this year’s graduating class, but a note of sorrow will prevail among the stu dents and faculty due to the sudden demise of Ernie Bunch, one of the outstanding students of her class, Who was drowned Saturday night. Superintendent John A. Holmes stat ed this week that prospects were bright for each member of the class to receive their diploma thie year. years has this been the case. Members of the 1936 graduating class, aside from Miss Bunch, who will receive their diplomas Tuesday night are: Lillian Ainsley, Mildred Alexander, Elizabeth Britton, Lance Bufflap, Evelyn Brown, Elsie Lee Carden, Mary Elizabeth Cases, William Co field, William Corprew, Foye Cozart, Edith G ar rett> William Gregory, Eli zabeth Habit, Julia Henderson, Re becca Hollowell, Arlene Jackson, Wil lie Mae Overton, Margaret Satter field, Lena Smith, Worth Spencer, Margaret Spires, Vernon Spruill, , Madeline Turner, Mildred Ward, Edna White, Evelyn White, Sarah Elizabeth White, Charles Wood, and Edward Wozelka. * Abdut* 70 members of the seventh grade will also receive their certifi cates to enter the first year in high school next year. The colored school will .'alsa com plete their commencement exercises Friday night when 18 are scheduled to graduate. The members of 'the class are: Edith Backus, Constance Brothers, Martha Emma Blount, Mattie Cos ton, Mamie Brinkley, Johnnie Felton, Dabney Percy Holley, Hattie Jerkins, Claud Sawyer, Catherine Sharp, Thomas Sharp, Mignon Stallings, Vivyan Stallings, Mary Satterfield, Dorothy Turner, Stephen Welch, Car melia Welch, Gracie Williams. Though greatly handicapped by not having a central school since the building at Cross Roads burned in the winter, Chowan High School com mencement exercises will start on Sunday night at 8 o’clock, when the baccalaureate sermon will be preach ed at Ballards Bridge Baptist Church. Rev. J. T. Byrum will be the speaker in a program which in cludes special music, including sever al selections by the Glee Club. On Tuesday the scene of activities will be changed to Rocky Hock Bap tist Church, where the graduation exercises will be held. Rev. A. A. Butler, of Hertford, will make the principal address to the graduates. The program will be very interest ing, being interspersed with special musical features. The diplomas will be awarded by P. L. Baumgardner, principal of the school, with Super intendent W. J. Taylor awarding the seventh grade certificates. Fourteen students compose the graduating class, which are as fol lows: Lavinia Guthrie Berryman, Homer Allene Blanchard, Eldna Joyce Cope land, Laura Elizabeth Monds, Cassie Edith Nixon, Anna Belle Privott, Evelyn Ward Smith, Julian Dorsey Blanchard, David Edwin Byrum, Herbert Winbome Dale, Jr., Carlton William Goodwin, Julian Iconius Hendrix, Josiah Goodwin Perry, and Carey A. Privott. Democrats Convene Saturday (Continued from Page One) Davis, vice chairman; E. W. Spires, C. T. Griffin and John R. Wheeler. Delegates to County Convention: T. W. Jones, E. W. Spires, Mrs. Junius W. Davis, John R. Wheeler, C. T. j Griffin, J. B. Webb, Julien Wood, W. I. Hart, Jr., H. It. Leary, Mrs. R. P. Badham, A. C. Boyce, M. W. Jack son, W. D. Moran, S. E. Morris, L. S. Byrum, F W. Hobbs, H. C. Good win, M. L. Bunch, J. A. Bunch, R. F. Eliott, R L. Pratt. West Edenton—Committeemen: J. L. Wiggins, chairman', Mrs. W. D. Pruden, vice chairman; William B. Shepard, John W. Graham, John A. Holmes. Delegates to County Con vention: Charlie Belch, Mrs. West W. Byrum, John W. Graham, John A. Holmes, Philip McMullan, Jim H. Morgan, Mrs. J. N. Pruden, Mrs. W. D. Pruden, William T. Satterfield, William B. Shepard, Roy L. Spry, J. L. Wifrjpns. Wardville—Committeemen: T. L. Ward, Mrs. E. N. Elliott, vice chairman; J. J. Byrum, G. A. Hollowell, Mrs. Belle W. Parker. Delegates to County Convention: W. D. Elliott, J. D. Ward, T. A. Berry man, Mrs. A. D. Ward, J. C. Hen drix, W D. Welch. Rocky Hock—Committeemen: W. H. Pearce, chairman; Miss Myra Bunch, vice chairman; Mark Bunch, J. N. Smith and J. C. Haste. Dele gates to the County convention:' Z. T. Evans, Mark Bunch, W. E. Bunch, J. N. Smith, W. H. Pearce. Center Hill—Committeemen: W. H. Winbome, chairman; Mrs. R. H. Hollowell, vice chairman; B. W. Evans, T. L. Evans, L. W. B.elph. Delegates to County Convention:’W. H. Winbome, Mrs. It. H. Hollowell, B. W. Evans and L. W. Belch. High School Baseball Team Invited To Play For National Honor - _. 4 Edenton High School’s champion ship baseball team this week re ceived an invitation from the Dan Long Organization to participate in a national high school baseball championship contest. The national winner would receive a cash prize of SISOO, with SSOO . going to the run ner-up. According to information received the County would be divided into zones with the winners of each zone participating in a play-off for the national championship. Local school officials appear inter ested in the idea but are not fully acquainted with the financial status £&*SSL" - f Orphanage Singing Class Here Tonight The singing class of Oxford Or phanage at Oxford, will render their annual program in the Edenton High School auditorium tonight (Thursday) at 8:15 o’clock. This hour was selected in order for those who attend Clyde Hoey’s speech in the Taylor Theatre to have ample time to reach the school building in time to hear the entire program. The class this year is reported tor have an extremely interesting pr&J’ grom in which 14 children perform, including a chapel choir, folk songs and drills. The proceeds of the en tertainment go to the orphanage, which not only -provides for orphans of Masons but includes children of non-Masons aR oyer the State. E. T. Rawlinson, orphanage chair man of the' local Masonic Lodge, is very anxious that a large crowd turn out to hear the program and that * creditable amount is raised for this most worthy cause. " The children will spend the night in Edenton, be ing placed in the homes of various friends. Convention At St. Paul’s Comes To Close Tonight (Continued from Page One) tion of Holy Communion, and at 10 o’clock listened to the annual address of Bishop Darst. Before making his formal address Bishop Darst paid a lovely tribute to Rev. Dr. William H. Milton, of St. James Church, Wilmington, who will retire November 1. Under Dr. Mil ton, Bishop Darst said, St. James “has become one of the great mis sionary minded parishes in the American Church” . . , "and he has been a great preacher, a beloved and faithful pastor and friend, a wise and outstanding counsellor and leader who will leave a lasting memorial in the hearts of the people.” In his own annual talk the Bishop made references to the twentieth anniversary fund, to the work among Negro churches, the collaboration oh the part of parishes in joining with federal organizations in the exten sion of welfare annuities, to mission ary work in the field, the need of a universal world peace and the better purification of civic affairs every where, and to “the utter folly of try ing to build a civilization on mater ialism and brute force until we real ize that enduring values that hu manity craves grow only out of un derstanding and love and self sacri-. fice.” Reports of the committees of the diocese were later included in the minutes, as well as reports of w jfe University of the South, St. Maiys School, Thompson Orphanage, the" Chaplain of the' University of North Carolina, and other bodies. Last night Dr. Milton, eulogized earlier by Bishop Darst, substituted as speaker for Rev. Carlton Barn well, of Lynchburg, Va., who was re tained from attendance by sudden death in his family. At 7:30 o’clock this morning Holy Communion will again be observed, and a brief busi ness session will precede the bicen tennial celebration. The convention will be brought to a close this after noon. Four Meet Death At Chowan Bridge (Continued from Page One) and calling wrecking crews from Edenton. The latter worked heroically, pling for the car chassis, while vol unteers in a boat helped by making quick dives into the 22 foot deep water. Smith’® body was first re covered, then Phelps, and toward dawn the Newbem car was hauled to the surface and gave up the bodies of its two drowned occupant*. In the meantime probably a thous and residents of this and Bertie, at tracted out of curiosity, helped to jam the bridge, and on both sides of the span machines were parked two deep for several hundred yards, in cluding east and west bound buses filled with travelers who repined; the long wait they were obliged to, endure. One story of the night had it that| Newbem and the two girls had beep’ visiting in the Merry Hill hood, and in returning passed th» Midway Filling Station Noticed, Phelps and his companion®. The! latter quartette are said to ly.ve im-j mediately given chase ending m fatality at.the draw. This tale car-' ried with ft the report that Phelpt and his three companions were anx ious to -Overhaul and take the tw< girls away from the Newbems. j Toward daybreak, however, Dai had a talk with Cobb and Freeman, and while both admitted and racing prior to the accidents the asserted they first met up with th| Newbem party between the Midwaj Filling Station and Edenhouse poinf Cobb told Dail that Phelps “steppel on it” at once and at Edenhouw caught up with the advance car, an rowdishly ran into it with a bar bump. Lloyd Newbem, the driver of tl first car, refused to stop, howeve and went on to the bridge at a grei rate of speed, according to Cob with Phelps in hotpursuit. Ha way between the draw and we bridge entrance, the back car bunqgf into the other .again, and when ts Newbem vehicle stopped at the drai there were two further hard ‘bumj before both machines were prerid