"In the Desolate Land
and Lone-"
uLnYRTtZ/f QJV 222? C&&T&R
J&AT'22^J?Il2?XJ} PMcio 6ro>vj /Oidu/7t
/
By ELMO SCOTT WATSON
I- TY- FIVE years ago this
month occurred a trag
edy which shocked the
wliole country as had.
perhaps, no other one
since the assassination
of Abraham Lincoln.
On June 23, 1S7?>. Gen.
George Armstrong Cus
ter, a dashing cavalry
leader during the Civil
vs : i r. attacked a big village of Sioux.
Cheyenne and Arr.pahoe Indiana,
strung along the hanks of the Little
Big Horn river in Montana. When j
the hatlle was over Custer lay dead j
and around him lay the bodies of -12 j
ii.cn nn.? officers, the entire personnel
of Hm' companies of his regiment, the
Sixth ? :'v:;Iry. Several miles away si\
other companies were besieged by ilie
Indians on the bluflFs overlooking the
river umi it is possible that only tin4
tinu ly arrival of the forces of (Ion
ends Terry and Gibbon two days lat
er saved them from the fate which
h.nj overtaken their commander and
tli* r bellow troopers.
P. ut it was not until July 4. 1S7<>.
when Americans everywhere were en
gaged in a joyous celebration of the
hundredth anniversary of the found
in? of the nation, that word of this
disaster came like the proverbial .?olt
from the blue to stun the public with
Its 111 tidings and to east n pall of
sorrow over 'lie centennial festivities.
Logically, the news ??f the tragedy
should not have surprised the Amer
ican public, for by that time it should
h:?\e become accustomed to the blun
dering policy of our government in
Its relations with the Indians ? a pol
icy of allowing itself to become in
volved In unnecessary wars with the
red man, of underestimating both the
desperation of his resolution not to
submit tamely to white domination
and the strength which he could as
semble to resist that domination, and
of sending a totally inadequate force
of soldiers to subdue the hostiles aft
er they had gone on the warpath.
Early in the history of the Repub
lic we had learned a hitter lesson
of the folly of sending an insufficient
force, insufficient in both numbers and
experience, against confederated tribes
of hostiles, when the expedition
against the Indians of the Old North
west ended In St. Clair's defeat, the
worst disaster suffered by a white
man's army since the days of ihe nn
fortunate Rraddock. But that lesson
was forgotten until the series of fail
ures experienced during the long
drawn-out wars with the Seminoles
in Florida served to recall it. And
again our government was short of
memory, so when Gen. Henry R. Car
rington was sent to garrison and hold
a chain of forts along the trail to
Montana in the heart of the Sioux
country, it turned a deaf ear to his
pleas for more men. The result was
that Lieut. Col. W. J. Fettormnn
marched out from Fort Phil Feame.v
one cold day in December. 1S06. with
Si men and none of them came hack
alive. The "Fetterman Massacre" or
"Fort Phil Kearney Massacre," so
called ? though the student of frontier
history, if he recognizes fTie word
"massacre'' at all as the correct one
for this afTair, is less inclined to blame
the warriors of the great Sioux chief.
Red Cloud, than the government offi
cials who Ignored Carrington's re
quests ? horrified the country for a
short time, hut within ten years It had
forgotten this. Just as it had other
Indian disasters, so the time was ripe
for still another tragic chapter. And
the hero of it was George Armstrong
Custer, the MBoy General" of Civil
^?ar days.
F
m
If Custer needed the aid of others
. f Rods of battle to help
e him a hero, he found them in
? persons of the government ?ffl
Ill v
<&X <7i'ORGPg A. Crj3T?7?_
-x.
?
V^L
rials who had forgotten Pettermain
and !ii-> M men. For in the last anal
ysis, responsibility for what took
place on the Utile I'.ig Horn g?K?s back
to them. Custer himself, during a con
versa t ion with CI on era 1 Carrington
early in 1S7G, in regard to the pro
posed campaign against the hostile
Sioux and Cheyennes, remarked that
"It will take another Phil Kearney
massacre to bring connrcss up to gen
erous support of the army." Although,
from his experience on the plains, he
knew full well of the task that lay
ahead of the army, he little realized
how true his prophecy was nor that
he was to make the same sacrifice
that Fetterman had made.
The general plan of the campaign
was to have three army columns eon
verge from different directions upon
the section in Wyoming and Montana
where the hostiles had taken refuge
I after their refusal to stay on the res
ervations set aside by the government
for them. One unde ' ^neral Gibbon
was to come eastward from western
Montana; another under General
Crook was to advance northward f rom
southern Nebraska : and the third un
der General Terry was to proceed
westward from Fort Abraham Lincoln
in what is now North Dakota. The
principal trouble with this plan was
that it didn't work. It didn't work be
cause the combined three forces were
not large enough for the task ahead
of them, even though the government
had thought it might be large
enough, especially since the Indians,
instead of waiting for the three
armies to concentrate npon them,
made use of some Napoleonic strat
egy, unconsciously, perhaps, and by
operating "on interior lines" attacked
two of the columns in severalty and
defeated them In detail. Then. too. It
didn't work because in reality one de
partment of the govern; leat was allied
with the Indians, instead of with the
army. For It was the inefficiency ?
to be extremely charitable ? of the In
dian department which permitted the
Indians to go into the field much bet
ter armed than the soldiers of Crook
nnd Gibbon and Terry, and which al
lowed those three to start upon their
expeditions grossly underestimating
the strength of the hostiles.
From the beginning the results o*
the campaign were unsatisfactory.
Gen. J. J. Reynolds of Crook's com
mand attacked the village of the
Sioux chief. Ciazy Horse, on March
17 and fought a sharp engagement
in which all the honors rested with
the latter. Three months later on
.Tune 17, Crazy Horse fought Crook's
force to a standstill at the battle of
the Rosebud and hailed his forwa
progress indefinitely. A short time
before this Terry and Cibhon success
fully Joined forces on the Powder
river and on June 17 Major Reno of
Ouster's Seventh cavalry, which
formed the princi|?al part of Terry's
command, went on a scout which took
them within 40 miles <?f where- Crook
was having his tierce battle with
Crazy Iiorse. Terry and Gibbon were
surprised at not finding any Indians.
They did not realise that the hostiles
were busy elsewhere fighting the bat
tle which pave^ the way for their vic
tory on the Little Rig Horn.
Then on June 22 Ouster was sent
to scout a trail that Reno had discov
I ered and this led him to the hanks of
the Little Rig Horn and his Waterloo.
The story of that battle in Its main
outlines is a familiar one ? how Ous
ter. marching rapidly, reached the
Little Rig Horn sooner than was ex
pected, how he discovered the great
Indian village and. not realizing the
numerical str ng''i of its warriors
nor the fact that they were (lushed
with a feeling of victory over having
stopped Or k, how he decided to at
tack at once without waiting for Ter
ry and Gibbon, who were to be on
hand for a battle, if Ouster found the
Indians, by June 20: and finally how
adopting the tactics which h:
brought him victory in other fight9
with the Indians, he made the fatal
division of his command into three
parts, one led by Major Reno, one by
Major Renteen and the third by him
self.
Under the circumstances, the re
sult was almost a foregone conclu
sion. Reno made his attack, was met
with a fierce resistance and. outnum
bered. was driven back to the bluffs
across the river, suffering heavy losses
as he retreated. Renteen. following
the route designated for him. got into
impossible country and grtidually
worked back toward the route taken
by Reno so that he arrived in time
to help that officer hold his own
against the whooping savages who
were swarming about him. Mean
while Ouster and his five companies,
not knowing that his plan of battle
had already been broken up. rode on
to his death. For the Indians, having
put Reno out of the fight, concen
trated on Ouster ami within a short |
time had done him and his men to |
death.
That story has been told and re
told countless times. Over It has
raged many a bitter controversy and
around it has sprung up a gre ? ma
of tradition, myth, muunforuuitioo
and just plain "bunk."
Wealth Awaits Salvage
by Treasure Hunters
Tii*? vnltie of tin* thousand
vosels unk durinu liie \V<?rld war
I e>t imu'cd at s:\ thousand nulliort'j
j i"'U!i?is, * sum cab-ulated to stir all (
j rhe resources of adventure ancient ]
I ?.r riMMforn. The recovery of rill this |
| treasure Is ojH'n to anybody who ?;:n (
1 pr?>\ide the mean* ami ili?* enter- i
j.ri -??. With tlu? progress of under
water s.'ifncf, it Is not stretching
1 probability too t':? ?" t?> anticipate
! tliat a very r?*:i I industry will on"
1 day *?art in the form of treasure
limiting under the sea.
i he principal wrecks that
: w : ' i ? jhe <livor are th??sc of Wil- |
helm tier Zweiter wrecked ?.!T the
< -t . . ! \ ? -i . \viil? bars 1
silver, the I lort'iician in the hay of ,
Tobermory. with bullion vjIikm! at.
mm mmk i, the I.i/.ard. i j f i trnr i
Cornwall. with a cargo <?' gold \.il
tied sit ?1-:.inio/nmi. the Thunderbolt,
with ?-1.4(Ni.ii00. the lloncoop. with
" * tons of c< ?pperi o(T the const of
Africa, the S:in Pedro. in Margarita
chuniici. off Cent nil America, wiiii a
c a ' j" of golden images and precious;
I st' "tics valued at ?G,?nm).ikm>, the M-r- (
Ida, ?.(T the Virginia coast. with pr?*c- !
ions metals valued at ?<MK?,fnn?. ami |
tlie l.usitnnia, off the South Cork
coast, which Is reputed to contain
close on three million pounds worth |
of gold and valuables. There is also. ;
atiioiii: niiiuy others, the Arabic with 1
treasure of about ?1.<mum*?. Mont
real Family Herald.
Fact* Nobody Knows
Anions "facts nobody knows." as
Sembled from all parts <>f the world
weekly hy Collier's. the following
pet tirst place for the month:
1'adium Is the costliest thing In
the worhl. because only one gram
can be extracted from PUNWMMmi
; prams .?f rare ore.
The only woman who sits on a
[ state Supreme court bench today Is
! Judge Florence F. Allen of Ohio
! 1 * r i el o Sam now has 2.1 M. ' tin
. srerprlnt cards on tile with the De
partment of Justice in Washington.
TLo shortest people on earth are
I the Afriean "negrillos." who average
I 77 i?"unds in weight and llj feet in
height.
The Cost
Senator T.a I "??!!*?; t ?? \v;is taking ;
III Madison about till' Slliil Yiscosa '
Scandals in Franco.
"Vim find dishonesty all over the J
world,** ln? said. "Anil when it's rich
men's dishonesty, as in this Snia j
Yiscosa case, everybody Is apt t ?? |
get off lightly.
"A millionaire. one of those mail- ;
? order-hoax' millionaires, motored a
friend out Into the country to see
his new home.
"The friend stared at the vast j
gray pile in wonder. Then he said :
"'Holy smoke. Hill, what did this j
i cost you?*
" 'Six months In nil,' said the mil
i llonaire.** ? Springfield Union.
FELT SICK
AFTER EATING
"None of my food agreed
with me ? I would frequently
taste what I ate, long after my
meals, and I did not see a well
day for weeks,'" says Mr. Peter
Seeger, 329 S. Elm wood St.,
Kansas City, Mo. "I began tak
ing a pinch of Black-Draught
ifier each meal, and kept this up
for weeks. Gradually the pain
left mc and I began to feel better.
I ceased to be troubled with gas,
and could eat what I liked.'*
Thedford's """
BLACK
DRAUGHT
I For CONSTIPATION.
IlNDIGESTION . BILIOUSNESS
World War Money
Many curious expedients were re
ported to during the World war in
jrder to prevent people of some war
ring nations from resorting to indi
vidual barter. The baser metals
were used sometimes in place of
gold and silver, often being gilded
in order to carry out better the illu
sion of value. Printed wood was
employed in Germany and Austria,
also compressed pulp. Silk, linen
and velvet were among some of the
novelty fabrics used. Stamped leath
er was used, and postage stamps
Old Too Soon
Pi iy the i*M.r men and worrv-n whoalwayi
feel tired and ?iugp*h ? who kti.w <?1<! too
tf*)n ? never knowing tin- real tin. 11 of
complete health mi ? 1 vitality.
Recapture tint o! ! time a at in life. that
k? ' TV a* t " t it < ?. stamina, and 5w?Tt .-In pat
night. Take Fellow ' Syrup. t li* ? woi.r'eiful
tonic for weakness. '"nerves ami "lun
down" condition*. It n-plmislM^ the ^ys
t? :n \\ ith the valuable element s demanded
by Nature It :???;-? you t?? rcg.-.:n youthful
energy and vitality and- doubles your
"l
'1 h?$e benefits. and awakened interest
in living, are quickly evident alter the
fir^t lew d' -es. Be fi:i<- t??a>k your drug
gist for the genuine *?? Uov Syrup, which
doctors pn scril?e.
FELLOWS
SYRUP
DAISY FLY KILLER
Pta^ri *nyrh?r?. DAISY FLY KILLCR nttrmrta and
kill* all Ilka Neat. Hran. oreaaarntal. omirnknt and
cheap Las la all ?*???
?on. Uauoof rn< Uf;
vsmzmw jjtisse ~
anything Guaranteed.
Ina'at upon DAISY FLY
KILLCR Irntn your dealer.
HAROLD SOMERS BROOKLYN. N. Y.
SWELLING REDUCED
And Short Breathinq relieved when
caused by unnatural collection of
water in abdomen, feet and leqs,
and when pressure above ankles
leaves a dent. Trial packaae FREE.
COLLUM MEDICINE COMPANY
Dept. A. Atlanta. Ga.
PARKER'S
HAIR HAlJSAM
IUiuo* . Unrut'uiT Slo* a liair f
Imparta Color and
Beauty (o Gray and l aded Haiti
CXleandtl 'flat |lritv?l<
?< e?x ? li?rn rtk. . ) wn-now-.M
VlORKSIO.n SHAMPOO ? Ideal ur use in
eonnert ion with Park-r'nHn rP..il ;im .Makenho
hmr ?<ifi nnd llulTy. ; '? rem ? \ry mail <-r at drujr
Ki?u?. llidoox Chenm-al Work*. I'atclKiKui', N.Y.
l>r. P. .ry'a Vermifuge "Ilrad Shot" kill*
nnd expels wortna in a very few hours. One
dtn?e HUthcva. It worka quirk y and uureiy.
All I)rujrtfi-.ta. 60e.
kDrPeerv's
Vermifuge
? nryj pearl Sinri. S?- < i urn Oty
A7\!.l'-.\<. M . . lal .'0 - ,i. . . . t.?. m.
pink I ii < ' i n ii 4" to 6". $2 7 '. ij..z, prt-pald.
Aialra N.:r-?iy, Karleton, l'i.i.
Ni'w York <"ily. Hi nutifuf Hfeel eintrnviUKit.
l'ont r.ird -!;?<?. S?t 11! fl "1. J Maloin-y.
Box ill. Trinity station. N? w Fork.
IMXIi: I( \ ltltIT FKKI>
A<iual f.t-M t - 1 linx Ion.: sim-o proven
l>ixb- t.? b?- .i perfectly balnix-ed ration for
ra!> it-, 'ontalt.n evorviliini.- tin* ral>blt
n?wls in< mill. i,- tl>" alfalfa. < iuarantt-i-d to
Kiv?- Hiif l.-jfa' tory i.-ults or nion?*v ba.-k. A
? iti?l will brine full nirtnul.u.^ anil price.
1 'rod n> ?? I ctti-r ratiblt?- al !??-* eo;st. Ilamp
inn MilllnK ???.. Hampton. *>a.
Wnnfeil ? Sulr*men.llandie Mull grade flour
iinouiit Mile eomniifidnn !>a-i*. out
line territory covered. Vor part ieular*. Pro?
Krmivi' Milllnk' Ho* Sh. Nashvlile.T?-nn.
s( IIOOI. ItOV WANTKH
Tilth wehool or rolleRe student to advrr
tl.f kodak finishing ?-om|?an\. Nothing to
f?*II. oiiiv advert! e in your locality, flood
pttv WrStc '1'he Snap Shot. Opp. Alabama.
ISA I tV CHICKS
Js jO hundr??l p*-<tpa>?I. liv. iliHvciy. Ite*t
grade. P. W. Nlcholx, Au*t?-ll, (?< urRlA.
Strange Air Cushion Ini?lp, rellews sw.-aty
ntr. n- .1 ? tlii'd f? ? t. pal: A nut, want
??il Pibit* Product* t*o.. Klv?-r?ide. ?'allf.
SORE EYES ?y<? l.otion
relieves an 1 cures miw and - iiflainedeyes inlltutS
'lours lli*lps lh?- weak ryt-d. care* ?nh..m piln.
Ask yciir Jru^lMor Joalor for 8A I.TKK'N. Only
from Keforui in a penury. P O.lk.i "51 Atlanta Ul
W. N. U.. ATLANTA. NO. 24-1931.
wore encased in transparent cases
and circulated as currency.
For small change. shoe nails wore
sometimes used as makeshift money,
these bein^ issued by local post of
fices here and there in some Euro*
pean countries.
A Slicker
"Papa, T want .von to understand
that (liHir^o is a perfect young man..
Ho hr- no hor? minps."
* I can well believe he has no
shortcomings. That is apparent by
his lon^ visit.** ? Vancouver Province.
Pi'be oncl delicately medicated, Cnticom
Talea;ii I'owdvr is ideal for daily use.
Just a snake or two, and this fragrant, antiseptic
powder gives that finishing touch to ;
toilet! It absorbs excessive perspiration,
cools the skin.
IVepritli
SompZJ*. Oinrromt 2-?-. .ol 5<V. Ttlnim
t?r* ? r I?r?K A < brwi.-.| Corp., M ft
Cnticnra
Talcum
Powder