News Review of Current Events the World Over I Statesmen at London Conference Try to Pull Germany Out of Financial Morass ? President Hoover Offers Plan. B\ EIWCAKD W. PICKARD J J-'"" r v II rv-> " . - 1 ,, r re<*"*!' ? nda ti?-ti>. devised by the corn:!; 'ttce of 'inane* ministers and adopted by t! t ions of I'rosident | f{ov.?er, wnirh Secretary Stirnsou ?aid | were really both American and Brit ish in conception. IIer??. briefly sum marized. are the recoraine.-darions adopted : First ? That the central bav and the World Hank f'-r Internet!- Set tlements extend tlie $10O.CH_>C " h? Ger man credit for a further period . f three mont lis. Second ? That private ;.s be i urged to leave their credits now in Germany in German hands for the | present. Third ? -That a world bank commit tee be appointed to consider t lie qu? -- tlons of si rt-term loans to Germany and the conversion of exist ing short term loans to Ion? term loans. Fourth ? That the conference "note with satisfaction" the action of Ger man IndugtrialN-'s in creatir ? re serve of approximately "??<) on the German gold discount bar After the conference a- ? irned. Chancellor Bruening and Minister Cur tins consulted the American delegates | concerning the possibility of arr :ng Ing a new long term loan. If France refused to participate, they thought t Ik* loan might he made l?y Atnerb i. Great I'.ritain and several other coun tries. Herr Bruening :.;.->o ro .f rr? 1 with Premier I. aval of I'r.-tin ?? < :i :he pos sibility of the I. :;or vNiting Berlin within the next t' ree mouths. That France is not at all In sympathy with the II over credits proposal was made clear by I':*? r iier Laval when he Informed the conference: "Our coun try saved herself it U'20. That is an example which Germany should medi tate upon." Prime Minister Ramsay McDonald presided over the sessions of the con ference, and at its opening he sought to impress on the delegates the Im perative need of speedy and decisive action. "If we cannot find a solu tion of the present crisis." said he. "no one can foretell the political and financial dangers that will ensue. It will be difficult to stay the flood he fore it has overwhelmed the whole of central Europe, with consequences social and political, as well as purely financial, which no man can estimate. "Time is against us. Every day adds to the risks of a collapse which will be outside of human control.1* WHILE statesmen in London were trying to reach con clusions that might result in the complete abandonment of the projected Austro-Ger man customs union by the German gov ernment. the World court in The Hague opened a hearing on the proposal that has been so dear to the hearts of the officials In Berlin. Before the court took up ihe rase President Adatci of Japan installed Judges de Hustamente of Cuba and Wang of China, w ho were not present at the last session. After thij preliminary, the full court, including Frank B. Kellogg of the United States, began the hearing, with the governments of Germany, Austria, France, Italy and Czecho Slo vakia as parties to the case. They were represented by an army of agents, counsels, advocates, and as sistants. The Austrian agent. Prof. , Eric KaufTmann, was accompanied by an American, A. S. Feller, of the New York bar. Ditpatches from Vienna indicate that Austria is not nearly so eager for the customs union as she was before the present financial crisis hit Ger many. Indeed, the Austrian govern ment may drop the plan entirely. It is now engrossed in trying to extri cate Austria from Its own ilnancial difficulties. Dr. Franz Ilottenberg, Who, until recently was director gen eral of the Bank of Austria, lias been called on for help and has been made director of the Austrian credi: ha* ! reau. It will ho his task to arrange ! n national ' relit and budget system | which, it i< hoped, will pull the na- i ^KANCE t' -'k advantage of the In 1 ;ert.: ; i ! ' ? ? fa!-- to start a ram ; aitrn for putting teeth in the Kel ' pact and iD the League of N'a ?.??ns covenant. A memorandum is sued at tlie Qual d'Orsav. replyitl? to the lp;iu?:e's request for information on armed strength, contained the ofli cia! view that disarmament cannot be accompli -he?i unless an international armed fort e f> set up under the aegis of the league, or reciprocal ohli;ra tions are undertaken to prevent az ltossiod t?y a military force. The document -ave no precise figures on France's armaments. but did declare tl :it those armaments have been re duced to rne lowest possible point "under present conditions In Europe and the world.** National security is still the slogan of Prance, and she insists on ^aarantees if her arma me? :< are to he modified. The memorandum finally contends that insecurity for one state means insecurity for all. and the idea of neutrality i< im-oinpatihle with the notion of solidarity of states. '?n out of the hole. SHOULD Bin" Ml Gov. Murray "Alfalfa Murray, gov > -<& en <>r of Oklahoma. ? see!: any other office. i it Is li':ely he would Sk * receive a large j?:i rt of t fie motorist vote of the state. He has been engaged in a contest \v i t h Gov. Iloss S. Sterling of Tex :s over i< ?! ! and free bridges across the Red river, which separates the two states, and for a time at least tiie result was that au tomobiles crossed the river on fret? spans, excepting the one at Denison. Texas, and the owners of toll bridges were doing no business. At the south end of the Denison free bridge Texas rangers were stationed oy order of Governor Sterling to stop tratlic after Oklahoma officers had torn down a barrier that had boon erected. In re taliation. Governor Murray had high way crews tear up the approaches to toll spans that are near two free bridges. The Denison toll bridge was blocked at the Oklahoma end, forcing traffic to make a 30-mile detour to the free bridge at Preston. Oklahoma highway employees said they had received orders to begin tear ing up a section of road near Achille, Okla., leading to K. O. Ac G. railroad bridge at Carpenter's Bluff, eight miles east of Denison. The railroad bridge has a toll runway for vehicles. Involved in the controversy are a federal injunction and a contract with toll bridpe owners. J. .1. l.oy. Texas state senator, prominent in highway affairs, informed Governor Sterling that he considered the Texas execu tive had overstepped his authority In sending rangers to block the Denison free bridge. "The bridge was closed by a federal Injunction and keeping it closed was a matter for federal of ficers." Loy said. BAD weather condi tions marred the Lieut. Bush nell 10.il national balloon elimination race which started at Ak ron, Ohio, and the contest was decidedly unsatisfactory. First place was won by the Uni'ed States navy bag which was pi loted bv Lieuts. T. G. M. Settle and Wilfred P.ushnell. Second place went to the Goodyear-Zeppelin Goodyear VIII., pi loted by Frank Trotter, and third hon ors to the W. J. It. of Detroit, guided by Kd .1. Hill and Arthur Schlosser. The navy balloon landed at Marilla, N. Y.. after covering a distance of 215 miles. The Goodyear came to earth about two hours later at Stev ensville. OuL, llMi miles from her starting point, while the W. J. R. came down at Wesleyville, I*a.. near Erie, after covering only 115 miles. The army balloon No. 1. piloted by Capt. Karl S. Axtater and Lieut. H. S. Couch, had to cover only about 80 miles to take fourth place In the contest. This bag came down at Cus tards, Pa., after runing into a storm. The same stortn forced down L. P. Furculow and John Itieker, the Akron balloon pilot*, who landed four miles i. or l!a\en:m to ta:a- nrtn p air after trsne'ing only about "J" miles. A ?eco*?d :i in v balloon. piloted bv Lieut?, i: .'gar and John A. Tarro. ?a? last. v. h a [light of I ? T)iy :T. s. It ? ? I-I.'r 11' j miles b-f. .re c.?:nirg As a re i suit of ; . -.in res*', the l Avr si r?ng v. i, \V. T. \ in j Or man of A :r ser\-.v :i sentence of a j year and a day f"r hr ?-> in federal oil leasrs. Ho was ;? in the prison hospital, where la is vspe* *???! ?ir serve hS t e. ->i.J ? ?*o graphing. finger print. r'g. classifica tion a::?i nutii -f-ri: :g routine was dis pensed with IJI * :! r..,i is reported by the prison ph\ > an. I'r Iv \V. Fiske. as able to stand t )?? -? details. IntervM -vs by - s with Fall were forbHd'-' b\ ;?:e Fnited States department of .Justice in a letter of instructions to Ward* I I Swope of the New Mexico p< ?.= tentiary. j violate tl e prohibition laws. The investigation was begun in Au gust. after the seizure in Balti more of three hip stills used for cracking and re-distilling commercial alcohol for beverage purposes. More than I'tO witnesses, including Prohi bition Director Wimdcoel:, I ?r. .lames M. Dorun, former direc tor and otthials of the Attorney general's o 'ice ap peared before the <| a st, which cost the government $-aOO.tXK). Among those indicted were the United Slates Industrial Alcohol coin pany, and its subsidiary, the United States Industrial Chemical company of West Virginia and Maryland, the largest Industrial alcohol company in the Country. According to the charges, the con spiracy was started in 11127, and cor porations were formed for the par chase of Industrial alcohol .so it could he resold to other individuals for con version into beverage channels. It was said the ring operated plants at Cleve land. Erie, I'a.. Paterson, N. J., and Fredonia. and Florida, N. V. * ? he the largest prohibition Investiga tion ever undertaken came to a climax in Haiti n:ore when a foci era' grand jury re turned tl roe indict ments citnrgir g 53 corporations and iudi v 1 j.iIs in New York. New Jersey. Dela w a r e. M a r y I a n d. Mi ingan and Ohio with conspiracy to Amos W. W Wocdcock /'"VUU eight new 10.000 ton cruisers, it has been found, roll so bad ly in rough water that the effect ive ness of their pmtire is impaired. Therefore they nre to he altered. Al ready anti-rolling tanks ami larger bilge keels are being put in the IVn 8a cola and the Northampton and if those changes are successful the oth er cruisers also will have them. Navy officials said the seriousness of the roll had been exaggerated. The seven cruisers now building have been so modified in design, it was said, that the tendency to roll will be eliminated. WHEAT continues to be a live lopic for a considerable part of the country's population, ami scarcely a day passes without either an attack on the policy of the farm board or n defehse of its way of doing business. The price having dropped to *25 cents a bushel or even lower in the South west. the growers are using their grain in ways heretofore unknown. In the Texas panhandle it is accepted as admissions to theaters, and by den tists and newspapers in lieu of cash. Many of the southwestern farmers aro feeding wheat to poultry, cattle and hogs and using it for fuel. A judge in Dodge City. Kan., offers to marry couples for ten bushels of the grain, and in several cities motor companies take it in exchange for used cars at the rate of SO cents a bushel. Syndicalists are causing a lot of trouble in Spain, and it is a ques wheiher the new republic will be able to survive. Riotous demonstrations in Seville resulted in the death of nearly a score of persons, and martial law was proclaimed there. It was predicted that when the as sembly was formally constituted the cabinet would resign immediately, that Alcala Zamora would be elected president and that he would summon either Manuel Azann, present war minister, or Alejandro Derroux. for eign minister, to the premiership. The proclamation declaring martial law in Seville set forth that troops would fire on the slightest warning and that, therefore, residents had best keep off the streets and out of balconies. Resistance to the military will result in immediate court-mar tial. The troops were ordered to use heavy artillery to destroy houses from which sniping has been going on. 1911. Western Newspaper Union.) JTTL1 (HyAy Street in Agana. Guam. iPr*: ? hy th I' t-.' ?? ?>* LH-paftmrnt | ?' Jsrr-' 'i-'ur^ ? ? V** ?>rric?? I\" Til ; .t. - - i-l p?-. Hmmenial \ iIm- ??!!?? i ?? -andofGuam. i one ??f the smii'.-t of American j [? .-sessions ? ti taken from thf ' li^T r. w!ilch fr:s . SUug^s'ed thai Guam would make an :;ttractive national park G'tam's u-'itary Importance has al ways S een theoretical, but as part of the c1 ain of mid-I'acific American step- ; T,:r?c stones. leading from California through the Hawaiian Islands to the Philippines. Guam has also provided n ( vlv landing place and relay sta lion for cable lines across the Pacific. 1 ami a hase for repairs ami supplies for American v??ssels plying midwav lanes M?*re than l.l(?0 miles of open water separate it from the Pfdllppines while the ocean lump to MM way. nearest of ehe Hawaiian islands, is even creator ? some l.7;m miles Guam's strategic value is out of all pr??TM?rtion to its size and population. In area it is about three and n half t!t: :i< 1::rc" Vr ??icfcet. t?~ v!n:r ? len:"h of le?s tlian "?' |c r.-jn peopb- more than nine tenths ot whom are native Gua rnese, a people similar to the Filipinos. In habit '.''is coral r? ? f ? ?1 o::*d men. burned 40 or r?0 houses and many boats, and killed seven or eight natives, male nnd fe male. lie then returned to his ship with the missing boat and Immediately set sail, continuing his course to the westward. The natives did not fare much bet ter at the hands of later visitors. Mis sionaries came in 1(!G8. Though Guam lies within the trop ics. Its climate is tempered throughout the greater pari of the year by a brisk trade wind blowing from the north east and east. Its mountains are not high enough to cause marked differ ences in the distribution of rain on the Island, and the island is not of suffi cient extent to cause the dally alter nating currents of air known as land and sen breezes. Generally speaking, the seasons conform in a measure with those of Manila, the least rain falling in the colder months or the periods called winter by the natives, nnd the greater rainfall occurring in the warm months, which are called summer by the natives. Thoutrh the mean monthly tempera ture varies only 2 degrees on either side of the mesin annual temperature, yet the "winters" of Guam are so definitely marked that certain wasps which durine the summer make their nests in the open fields among the bushes Invade the houses of the peo ple at that season and hihernate there. The forest vegetation of Guam con sists almost entirely of strand trees, epiphytal ferns, lianas, and a few un dershrubs. The majority of the species are included In what Schimper has called the P.arrintrtonia formation. The principal trees are the wild fer I tile hreadfnvt : the Indian almond; j lack-ln-the-box, and the giant banyan. How They Catch Fish. The fruit of another common tree (Barringtonia speciosa) the natives use to stupefy fish. The fruit is pound ed into a paste, inclosed in a bag. and kept over night. The time of an espe cially low tide Is selected, and bags of the pounded fruit are taken oat on the reef next morning and sunk In certain deep holes in the reef. The fish soon appear at the surface, some of them lifeless, others attempting to swim, or faintly struggling with their | ventral side uppermost. The* natives . coop tl m in their hands, sonu iiin?-3 even dix.ng for them. | Nothing more striking could be | irn;i;:iiu i than the picture pr? ? (ty the conglomeration of srrange shapes and bright colors ? snakelike sea eels. voracious lizard-fishes, nir like houndfishes. with their Jaws pro. Ion ret like books, and intense colors, some of them, a deep greenish blue, others looking as though painted with blue and pink opaque colors; variegated C'haetodons. called "sea butterflies" M the natives; trunk fishes with h"rns and armor, leopard-spotted trrocpMra. hideous looking. warty tondflshes. armed with poisonous spines, much dreaded by the natives, and n black fish with a spur on its forehead In the mangrove swamps when tbe title is low hundreds of little fishes with protruding eyes may he seen hopping about in the mud and climb* ini: among the roots of the Uhizophora and 1 rugniera. These belong to a group of fishes Interesting fr m the fact that their air bladder tins as sumed in a measure the function of l ings, enabling the animal to breath* ? atmospheric air. Natives of Gcod Appearance. The* natives of fiu am an* n* a rule, of irooil physique and pleasing appearance. Owing to their mixed blood. their complexion varies from the white of n Caucasian to the brown of a Malay. Most of them have flossy black hair, which is either stnticht or slightly curly. It Is worn short !>? the men and long by thfc women, either braided, coiled, or dressed after the styles prevailing in Man!!?.. Though the natives of ?unm are naturally intelligent and quiek to learn, little was done for their educa tion until comparatively recent years. The college of San Juan de Letran was founded by Queen Maria Anna of Austria, widow of Philip IV. who set t'ed upon it an annual endowment of 3.000 pesos. Through misappropria tion and dishonesty the annual income of the college gradually dwindled to about 1.000 pesos. The greater part of this was absorbed by the rector, who was usually the priest stationed at Agana. and hv the running ex penses of the school, which were the subsistence and wages paid to i -ni tor. |?orter. steward, doctor, and the light inp of the building. The people are essentially agricul tural. There are few masters and few servants on the island. As a rule the farms are not too extensive to be cultivated by the family, all of whom, even the little children, lend a hand. Often the owners of neighboring f irms work together in communal fashion, one day on A's corn, the next day on P.'s. and so on. laughing, singing. .?n<1 skylarking at their work and stopping whenever they feel so inclined to take a drink of tuba from a bamboo vessel hanging to a neighboring coconut tree. Each uoes his share without con straint. nor will he Indulge so freely in tuba as to incapacitate himself f??r work, for experience has taught the necessity of temperance, and every one must do his share If the services are to he reciprocal. In the evening they seperate, each going to his own rancho to feed his bullock, pigs and chickens. Agana. the seat of government and principal town, is about eight miles from Apra harbor, a fine anchorage but closed to all foreign ships. Guam Is a lonely spot, seeing only an occa sional army or navy transport, the mail steamer, and a few American commercial ships. Tourists are un known. The official currency of the island is that of ttie United States, but the old Spanish code of laws, slightly mod ified. still Is effective. English. Span ish and native languages are spoken. The schools are conducted In English. The principal exports are copra and coconut oil. The governor of the Island, a naval officer appointed by the President, take? precedence over and Is entitled to the honors due to an admiral.