French Morocco
A Street Singer in Morocco.
JV. I area ?y s?llnn.l OMirraphlc Society.
WMhtniCtOH. U. C.-WNU S.r.lce,
FRENCH Morocco is becoming oil
conscious. Preliminary borings
near the town of Mekinex have
shown such promise that modern
machinery which will drill to great
depths has been ordered.
French Morocco, though streaked
with the rugged heights of both the
High Atlas and the Anti-Atlas moun
tains and dotted with vast dry plains
nnd deserts which give a large part of
its area a forbidding aspect, has sev
eral large cities of great commercial
and political Importance In northern
Africa.
Casablanca ami Rabat are the lead
ing const towns and handle a large
r,art of the colony's sen trade. Casa
blanca was founded hy the Portuguese
about h decade before Columbus dis
covered America, but the newcomers
behl It only a short time until the na
tives routed them nnd set up a Moslem
.stronghold. Casnblancu was occupied
hv the French in 1IKI7 and began Im
provements that have made it the
show city of Morocco. I
From a city with a population equal
to that of Elgin. 111.. Casablanca has
crown hy leaps nnd hounds until it
now lias nearly as many inhabitants
as Kansas City. Mo. The pedestrian
could easily Imagine himself In a
European city were It not for the Afri
cans of midnight black, chocolate
brown nnd tan complexions. One-half
the Inhabitants are Moslems: slightly
:nore than a third are French. Span
ish and Italian, nnd other F.uropeuns.
and the rest are Jews.
The price of a room In one of Casa
blanca's hotels not only afTords Euro
pean comforts hut also the equivalent
..f n ring-side circus sent. An automo
bile rolls by with a prosperous French
business man or a fen-bedecked Turk
ish merchant: wealthy sheiks stroll
along In their flowing white garments
and tightly wound turbans, holding
each others' hands: dignified trench
otlicer* In medal-bedecked uniforms
are ousted from the paths of little
grain-laden donkeys with 1
Moors astride, nnd now and then,
plodding along In awkward
three or four moth-eaten, "d-chewlng
camels pass by. often followed closely
by a small future "ship of thedesert.
Thickly sprinkled among this seeth
ing mass of humanity of various
breeds and blends, nre the "-" pres
ent noisy street hawkers, dnrtlng here
and there with their home-made rugs,
sweetmeats, hammered brassware. and
"whatnots."
Bad Harbor Wat Made Safe.
Why France poured a fortune into
Casablanca was a mystery to Europe.
It had one of the worst natural har
bor, on the coast. The low. rocky
shore lay open to the strong
winds and the lashing waves of the
Atlantic. No river runs through th
city to the ocean. But the approprla
tion was partly used for the constnic
tlon of breakwaters and harbor Ira
provements that bave been om
Inant factors In the city's development
to the Becond largest city in the pro
tectorate. Ocean-going vessels tha
archored perilously ofT the coast can
enter Casablanca's port today.
Casablanca also has electric light"
po^er and modern water wor
Railroads now connect the city with
Morocco. (Marrakesh) the capital of
the protectorate and North Afrjj*
points Dally air service Ib maintained
between Casablanca and Toulouse.
France, and planes fly every two weeks
to Oran.
Rabat was built almost 800 years
ago by the labor of 40.000 Christian
sUrer. The citj Is located on the
northwestern coast adjacent to the
old city of Sale, a former lair of cor
sairs.
There are two present-day R abuts,
French Rabat and the native town,
j French Itabat is like a bit of trans
I planted Europe. It has wide streets
and smart little villas like those of ,
the Riviera. In its streets are women
wearing Parisian clothes, business j
men in sack suits and smartly uni
formed French officers. There are
telephones and electric lights and mo
tor cars.
Native Rabat is another story.
Suuat houses line the narrow streets.
From the mosque tower the muezzin
j calls the faithful to prayer. Tur
haned Arabs of the Beni Hassan tribe,
Berbers from the hills and negroes
file through *the bazaars. Heavily
veiled women travel silently through
the crooked streets. The plaintive,
barbaric wailing, which the Moroccans
call music, may be heard at all times
during the day.
Native Rabat Is Picturesque.
The souk3 or bazaars uf Rabat are
as famous as their wares, red and
yellow leather boots, pottery, and the
rugs which the Rabat! women weave
in their homes and color with vege
table dyes. These rugs, when new,
are a little too brilliant for Western i
laste but they fade into a pale, har- j
monious blending of colors with wear.
There is slight demand for chairs ?
or knives and forks in the souks.
Chairs are used only by the stiff- ;
legged Christian tourists who visit the
city and knives and forks are not
necessary to eat couscous, the staple
viand of the Moroccan meal. Couscous
is made with flour and meat and
vegetables, and tastes not unlike the
American dish of dumplings cooked
with meat. It is served in a big pot
and everyone sticks In his hand ami
brings forth his portion in three An
gers, To use four lingers or two
fingers Is extremely bad manners. j
Moroccan etiquette demands three.
Because of its mild climate, .Rabat ;
is a favorite residence of the present i
Sultan of Morocco, Sidi Mohammed. ;
who has other palaces in Fez, Mekinez
and Marrakesb.
Marrakesh and Fez are the out
standing inland cities. Marrakesh Is
one of the busiest marts In French
Morocco. An almost constant stream
of camel and donkey caravans passes
through the city gates where traders
meet each other and also the local
wool and leather merchants, tanners,
silk weavers, armorers and manufac
turers of agricultural implements.
In the Marrakesh Bazaars.
The bazaars in the narrow, dusty
streets of the city are thronged from
dawn to dusk. In one street deeply
sunburned Berber men in flowing,
white robes and turban-wound heads
stand in groups while others bicker
with su'len, bewhiskered shopkeepers
over the price of Inexpensive mer
chandise. Silent, heavily- veiled Mos
lem women peer Into yarn and silk
shops where red, yellow, green and
blue strands form colorful displays.
Fierce looking tribesmen from the
near-by Atlas mountains with fire
arms protruding from their belts ap
pear hypnotized by half-naked slllc
spinners and dyers plying their trades
in congested stalls. Frightened black
slave men. stooped under back-break
lng loads, slink before the piercing
glances of their beturbaned masters.
Robust slave girls, with cumbersome
Jars balanced on their hips, cautiously
come and go without Jostling other
pedestrians of high caste. Vivacious
Berber women, with homemade blan
kets accost dusty camel men fresh
from the outlying desert regions.
Every Kind of Soil
Benefits by Manure
University Bulletin Tells
How to Apply It
The popular notion that it is not a
good practice to manure dark-colored
soils is false; it is a good practice, al
though relatively light doses suffice.
Although most soils profit from gen
erous manuring, light doses excel
heavy applications in crop returns per
ton of manure, says a bulletin Issued
by Ohio i>tate university, "Management
of Mauure in Barn and Field." In an
Ohio test 100 tons used at a four-ton
rate on a potato-wheat-clover-rotation
returned more net protit than
when spread at double this rate.
ficient than a single large application,
particularly on sandy soils. This plan,
says the bulletin, avoids waste by
teaching.
Kven muck soils, which consist 1
largely of vegetable substances, bene
fit from manuring, because such soils !
are lacking in mineral nutrients and j
decay organisms which are contained j
in manure.
The bulletin may be secured free as
long as the supply lasts. The bulletin ;
takes up all phases of the management
of this farm by-product, half of whose
wealth never reaches the held, owing
to improper handling.
Germs of Wilt Disease
Spread by Cultivation
Wilt is a bacterial root disease that
first appears in si>ots throughout the
alfalfa field after the stand is two or
three years old. It is seldom noticed
in year-old fields, though, of course,
it must be present if it appears later
on. The more rapid spread of the dis
ease after cultivation is because the
roots of the crop arc more or less In
jured by the cultivator, which gives
the bacteria, the cause of the wilt, a
chance to infect the root tissues. The
germs are also carried over the field
by the harrow, thus helping its spread.
When no wilt is present in an al
falfa field, cultivation, of course, can
not scatter any disease germs, and,
therefore, no damage can result from
cultivation. When wilt is present,
however, it is probably better to omit
cultivation altogether, for any reason
able number of weeds will do less
harm than a general infection of wilt
disease germs. ? Wallace's Farmer,
Uses of Roughages
Feed Commissioner 1*. It. Schmidt
of the Missouri slate board of agri
culture quotes Henry and Morrison,
defining roughage as "The coarser
feeding stuffs which are higher in
fiber and supply a lower percentage
of digestible matter than the concen
trates/*
A certain few feeding stuffs, such
as screenings, are usually called
roughages, but some of them are ac
tually concentrates. Roughages have
different uses ? to carry livestock
through winter, to feed idle animals,
also those not expected to produce
or put on fat, to supply carbohy
drates in a ration, and to lighten
or add bulk to a feed when mixed.
Spray Results'
In 52 counties of Pennsylvania.
5*578 fruit growers last year received
Information on methods of protecting
their apples from the ravages of dis
eases. In 4.'i0 orchards where spray
recommendations were followed com
pletely. there was only 2.40 per cent
disease ; in 370 improperly sprayed or
chards there was 10.8 per cent dis
eased fruit, and in 110 unsprayed or
chards visited, 80.2 per cent of the
apples were scabby. In the Improp
erly sp rayed orchards, omission of
sprays caused 10.2 per cent disease,
nse of substitute materials caused 11
per cent disease and poor timing r^
suited In 28.5 per cent disease.
Plant Food Needed
Plants must have food and plenty
of It If they are to grow well and fast,
and while commercial fertilizers do
not add humus to the soil, they are of
great value because of their readily
available plant food content, which
makes them particularly useful for the
garden. The typical garden soil rea
sonably well supplied with humus but
for which no manure may be avail
able. will be much benefited by the
application of a 5-10-5 fertilizer, a ton
to the acre being the generally recom
mended quantity for garden soil, or a
pound to each 20 feet of garden area.
Agricultural Squibs
Cora fodder can be put into the silo
at any time of the year.
? ? ?
Small fruits like cherries, strawber
ries and raspberries are being grown
successfully on the high-altitude farm.
? ? ?
Great cumbers of potato flea beetles
may be killed by piling potato Tinea
at harvest time and burning them.
Get Rid of
a Bad Headache
in Few Minutes
Because of Quick Dissolving Property Bayer Aspirin Starts
"Taking Hold" 3 or 4 Minutes After Taking
Due to important, scicntific de
velopments in the world-famous
Bayer laboratories, almost IN
STANT relief from headaches,
neuralgia and rheumatic pains is
being afTorded millions.
Bccausc of a unique process in
making and tablcting, Genuine
Bayer Aspirin is made to dissolve
almost INSTANTLY in the stom
ach. Hence it starts to uwrk almost
instantly. And thus "takes hold"
of the average pain or headache in
as little as three or four minutes
after taking. The fastest, safe relief,
it is said, ever known for pain.
Remember, it is Genuine Bayer
Aspirin which provides this unique,
quick-acting property. So be sure
you get the Real Article ? GEN
UINE BAYER Aspirin when you
buy. Naturally you want the fast
est, possible relief ? and that's the
way to get it.
To identify the genuine, see that
any box or bottle of aspirin you buy
is clearly marked "Genuine Bayer
Aspirin." And that any tablet you
take is stamped clearly with the
name "Bayer* in the form of a
cross. Remember ? Genuine Bayer
Aspirin cannot harm the heart
NO TABLETS ARE
WITHOUT THIS CROSS
Errors
The little I have seen of the world
teuelies me to look upon the errors
of others in sorrow, not in anger.
When ! take the history of one poor
heart that has sinned and suffered,
and represent to myself the strug
gles and temptations it has passed
through, the brief pulsation of joy.
the feverish inquietude of hope and
fear, the pressure of want, the de
sertion of friends. I won hi fain
leave the erring soul of my fellow
man with him from whose haud it
came. ? Longfellow.
Bacillus of Tetanus
During the WorUl war the well
cultivated fields in the north of
France were found to teem with the
bacillus of tetanus, whose ravages
among the wounded would have
been appallingly heavy but for the
timely use of that antoxin which
was available, thanks to the re
searches of Haron Shibasaburo Kltu
sato many years earlier. The story
of Kitasato, a pioneer of medicine
and a microbe hunter, is told by Dr.
Claude Lillingston in Hygeia Maga
zine.
His Good Quality
Judge ? But, madam, how could
you marry a man you knew to be a
burdar?
Witness ? Oh, your honor, he was
so quiet in the house.
A soft answer turneth away wrath
and a long answer prevents people
from asking you questions in the fu
ture. ? Terre liaute Tribune.
Yeur Skin
It found in the daily um
medicated toap.
Proprietor* : Pottar Dna * O?tcal Car*. ]
Try Cmicvrn Sharfe* Cmm
No Other Inducement
lie ? I'm afraid I must get a wife
with some money.
She (candidly) ? You'll hardly get
one with anything else. ? London.
Humorist.
When men look reminiscent while
you are telling your story they are
arranging the one they are going to
tell when yours is ended.