r<,.. /^.r VOL. XLV.?No. 28. Town of Mur] Name of P Fy R. W. Prevost, In As strange as it may seem on firsi blush it is altogether fitting that thii thriving city in the farthermost bound* of Western North Carolina should be the State's memorial to ar early leader who was a lilelong resi dent of the lowlands. Achioald Debow Murphy's cham pionship of "the West" probablj eclipsed his political career, but let a pattern for development of a grea t\>mmonwealui, united by communi cation and intercourse, that was min utely followed many years later. Ii this, as in many other policies, hi vision ana comprehension were 101 advanced lor nis clay and h. am.j be regaratu ?.s a radical. Al'te languishing in a debtor s cell, he d.o in the prime 01 life, a o.oktn an disappointed man. Was born In Caswell The son of Col. Archibald .uurnpy Revolutionary hero, and Jan U2 buv of a piominent Dutch family of Ne\ Amsterdam, .ie was born in Caswel county, near Milton in 17 <7. As ; lad he attended the school of the Rev David Caldwell, of Guilford uunty one of the three schools in th. Stat that' pave even the rudiments of i Classical education befoie ti.e uni versity of North Carolina was esta blished in 1795. In 1799 he pradu aied with first honors at th? Univer sity and for three years taupht there two of the.n as nead of the depart ment of ancient languages. Huvinj studied law in the meantime, he wa in 1802, admitted to the bar and be came attorney for the most prominen I eople in the State and the Moraviai church at Salem. By 1818 .ie hai become a $upeiinr Court jud*rt a*' was sitting on the State Suprem Court bench in the absence of jus tices, by appointment of the gover nor. In the interim he had served fo six year.j as state senator fron Orange county, tutored many lav students whose names were to be come emblazoned in the State's hal of fame, and had published thiee vol umes as "Reporter ol Uie Suprem< Court.' As senator he had made his cele brated and his historic report to th< General Assembly, laying down a de velopment pogram for the . Stab wnich embodied an educational sys tern wnich was flatly rejected in 1M' only to be enacted almost into in 1831 as the first public school low. Rendered Valuable Service But it was from 1815 to 1823 whei mairman of the board of interna improvement, that he rendered mo* valuable sevice to "the West." Intense rivalry between "the East' and "the West" in the General As semfcly prevented public - spirited leaders irom adopting conftructiw measuies designed to aid the people west of the Blue Ridge in buildinf roads and making other public im provemmts. Since, leaders of the sea board counties argued, the people o! "the West' ,ifed contributed nothing towards helping them build ca nate, deepen inlets and constiudl roads, they should not be requiret to pay taxes into a fund appropriated to road building in "the West.' Thi owing himself into the breach Judge Murphey attempted to unfold to the Easterners his vision of s great and united commonwealth. In vain he tried to convince tfiem that development of the vast resource! of "the West" would bestow advantages upon the entire state, and botli direct and indirect benefits received by the eastern counties would be many times the taxes collected foi road building in the highlands. In his masterful "Memoir' of Internal outlined the pressing need* of th* State embracing communication, education court reforms and welfare work, but he was hopelessly ahead of his times. Engineer Endor-.rd Pier Undaunted by his waning political power and in the face of being regarded aa a radical. Judge Murphey irk used to be brought to the state Hamilton Fulton, a celebrated European engineer, who heartily recom mended his state development program. The General Assembly refused - to support any part of it, however, and, unwitingty halted the state's progress for many years. Throufh a conspiracy of eircumxtaaeas. Judge Murphey became the SM^ikaaiia*^:... ijt. if It v, .. Western North Murphey, N. < >hy Bears flan Famous listory of State Asheville Citizens-Times t victicn of an antequated judicial sys5 to.r which he had vehemently det nounced and tried in vain to have ? changed. Al.lough in comfortable * linancial circumstances as a young man, his activities in behalf of his i . .ate .iad proved costly and hia in-! f vestments turned out badly. He found j L himseli heavily encumberer wi'.J t debt. i Only Arthur Harris to whom he . wa indebted to the extent of $2,138, n pressed for atcion?probably because 5 : political enmity. In any event. 0 Juuge Murphey was placed in the D common jail on November 4, 18^9. , and linge.ed there many weeK-, per* . haps months. Suff.r.ng from the wicte.-.ed lighting and ventilation the jail, Judge Murphey asked Sher.fl A mes W. Doak one day to hol i the dcor open for a few minutes eha" J he mig'.it breithe again the fiesh aii v and se. th: blue heavens. Thej . herill, v?io hai vigorously protester, u against serving the papers that \v uk , lace his old friend in jail, not onlyopened the door for him, but left it J. o??n. It ramained open until ?o?i e a one dicovered that, in an opinion n..ndc.i down by the supreme court . in tne case of Wilkes vs Slaughter. 1S24, the sheriff Jould be held re. sponsible of all of the debts of a , prisoner if .be lett the way open for . an e cape?whether or not the prison? escaped. On Judge Murphey'g res ouest the doors closed upon him . again. t Buried At Hillsboro a Broken in body and spirit. Judge j Murphey died on February J, 1832, 1 ?jid was buried in Hillsboro. His e g. ave near the door of the old Pres. cyterian church there remained unmaiked for many years, until Judge A. >1. Aiken, a great gtand-on and r .\iis. Barzillia G. Worth, of Wilming, ton, a relative erected a monument y his memory. Althouj.i recognized by succeeding \ geneiaticns as one of North Caro. lina's foremost leaders, the state has e done little or nothing to preserve his memory. "He was one of the most eminent e characters in Noith Carolina," said Governor W. A. Graham, on one oc e cMsion. "in many attributes of a . statesman and philospher, he exj celled all hi convC.i.poiaries. * * ) As an advecate at the bar, a judge cn t.be bench, a reporter of the jus lice, a legislator 01 comprehensive 1 intelligence, enterpiise ancl patiioj iism, a literal y man of classic ta-'.e. t attainments, in style and compositions:, his ti me is a eourie of jujt > i ride to hia friends and to his country/ "He was the most conspicous char? aclei in North Carolina hitary," ?xj cla ined Judge Jesse Turner, in Lpj tracing the state lor failing t give _ re-ignition of the services of this . native aon. ' ^ Naming of this Cherokee county town in his honor is the only public . honor ever paid this great man, and, stiangely enough the spelling of the I name has been changed to omit the "e"? "Murphy" to confuse its . origin, o i Funeral For J. C. Bradshaw Fri. P. M. i J. C. Bradshaw, 64, died at his . heme at Tomotla, Thursday morning i February 8V1, of -pneumonia, after an | illness of about 8 days. He was a member, of the Tomotla Baptist church, from which the funeral will be held Friday afternoon at 2 o'clock, by the Rev. F. L. Clark of Canton, N. C. W. D. Townson, undertaker, in charge. He is survived by his wife and four sons: Virgil, Grover, Willis and Noel, e 11 of Tomotla; four daughters, Mrs. J. B. Hoyle, of Dillsboro, Mrs. A. J. Rowland, Misses Ada and Nina Bradshaw, all of Tomotla. * k* The Suwinee river rise* in the Ok*Scoks* swamp* la south Oeojgla nod lows sooth west, emptylnpt Into ths Quit of Mexico, 12 miles north of Cedar Keys, na_ after a coarse of 240 miles. The scenery alone Its banks Is attractive, and tha river la celebrated throughout the country by tbe sons "Old Polka at Hon*' ttwltf Carolina, Covering a Large and Pi C., Friday, rebruary 9, 1 Unemployed Urged To Re-Register .All persons wvio registered before January 1, 1934, in the federal reemployment office are urged to re-register at once if they want to stay on the active ie-em- | r'.oyment list, V. I. Butt, manager of the local office said Tuesday. Any person who registered before Jan. 1st, and w*ho is still on the job or employed need not reregister until the job he is now working on is over, Mr. Butt said. However, all who wish to stay on I the active list for re-employment mu?t re-iegister at once. SNOW 36 INCHES DEEP ON TELLICC The snow of last week. the first o -.c ea? n for Murpvy, reached i Icpth of 36 inches in the Tellic | Mountains some 18 miles north wes l Murphy, according to intormatioi brought to Murphy last Friday b; Drew Davis, of Grandvicw. Mr. Davis said that A. J. Hass who lives cut in the Tellieo Moun ains, 6 miles we t of his place, cam in uuiing the snow, for som? gro ceries and household necessities. Mi riass told ..im tnat he had been a >jut seven hours coming the 6 mil?illJ thnt * * - ...? ..ivn was XIUII1 ?.r> I 36 inch-is deep. The trip was mad? b foot. Ihe snow was 14 inches deep a iopton, accoiding to information ce'.vcj. At Murphy is was barely inches. HOW AMATEUR AF AID NATION j A Guide for Amateur Archacologi | Committee onvState Archaeologi* palogy and Psychology Nation (Editor's Note: Since the beginnin of excavations on the old mound a the mouth of Peachtree Creek by ai chacologists of the Smithsonian Inst: stution, interest has benn revived i Indian relics and legends. This articl is timely and we believe of sufficier interest to warrant its publication. 1 tells how the amateur archaeologis nJay go about preserving the lecor ot .)Ls Indian relics so that his find will have some value from an archat ological standpoint.) i in lusu tne .National Kesearc Council organized the Com. on Stat Aichaeolcgical Surveys to encourag systematic study of t?ie fast-vanishin Indian it mains. In the ten years of it existence the committee has assiste in the formation of research organ zations in various states, has sougli to systematize and unify methods o investigation, and jthrough publics tions, conferences and visits of it Chaiiman, .has endeavored to keep a workers in the field informed of th progress ol archaeolofcricalj researc throughout the United States. The activities of the committ4 have been purely advisory. It ha no-t sought to contiol the actions c any group or State, but .has freel offered its help and advice in the ac vancement of scientific work. It noi seeks to extend its services to amateu archaeologists and to all who are ir t<>rPiitpd in thp purlu h5#fnw a? ah country. In presenting this booklet the committee hopes to enlist the at tive cooperation of all intelligent laj men in the preservation of archaec logical sites. It seeka to give infui niation which will enable t.'ie Iocs investigator to carry on work accord ing to the most approved methods so that he may assist in unravelini the story of human development 01 the American continent. It is evident to everyone that thi great majority of our Indian remain have already been destroyed. Thi has been due in part to the fadt the many prehistoric sites have been oc curpied by white settlers who hav< found it necessary to level Indiai ntourd" and earthworks in order t< utilise the land for farm purposes for city development, or to make wa; for roads. However, the greatest de struction has been wrought by curii hunters who have dug into the moundi in searah of relics, without reelizinf that they were dej.i were pal.'vearers. c a-" follows: A?.tive, A. M. Simonds. ?- George Mauney, Henry Hickman, C. ". W. Bailey, John Odell, W. P. Oiiom 1- lahn B. Hall, Fr?d O. (V.ristopher. s Fred Johnson; honorary. Elbe:t Mal0 lonet, T. J. Mauney, Fred Dickey. y Dennis Barnett, Sheridan Heighway. F. O. Christopher and T. W. Axley. t C. B. Hill, local fune:?l director, in - charge. 3 He is survived by his wife and one ' ui uiner. ? i tCHAEOLOGISTS CAN AL RESEARCH iats Issued Under the Auspices of the j :al Survey? and the tOivivion tof Anthrc al Research Council, Wahington, D. C. { g In each State there are some peoit: pie who are interested only in secui -J.ng specimens which bhey can sell i-iior personal gain. They care nothnjing lor hbtoiy or science, and arc ejnot disturbed by the favt that thei; j it ruthless meOicos deteroy materials j It 01 great interest to their fellow citi-! it zens. T.iis leaflet is not addressed to d such. Their activities will only cease I Is when public opinion is stiong enough | i- to make their w\>xi; unprofitable. Today no scientific institution and no well-iniormed person will purchase h aichaeolc^ical material which is not e accompanied by a full record. When e intelligent local collectors Uike the g same attitude the workers of t.hese s oommerical "pot hunaers" will cease, d an Indian relic without data is as i- worthless as an *- ? ...twiiMiicu l^UMapt' it stamp or bird's egg. The pages which f follow seek to show hom amateur ari chaeologists may assist in recovering :s the pie-history of our country, and at H .he same time help to preserve the e existing Indian sites for future genii erations. It is well known that some of our Indian tubes were nomadic. They is were wanderers w.'io made their camps near to favorable hunting > ground.? and who moved to new 6ites I- whenever whim or necessity dictated, w Other Indian groups were chiefly deii pendent on agriculture, and these i- made permanent settlements which i were occupied for long periods. But t, exhaustion of soil, hostile raids, epidemics and other causes led to their r- adandonmen't and thp ?* of new camps. T.ius it sometimes hap pened that a single canrop site was ocil cupied several times and the records I- of these periods of occupation can '> now be read by careful excavation. In 2 some places it is possible to carry n back the record through successive stages of development from historic e to ancient -times. Examples of such 5 stratification are rare and should be e t noted with the utmost care. Through t them we can trace the movements of . peoples, the growth of culture, and e t.he effects erf environment on man i in America. > But such a story cannot be ofotain? ed by the careless digger, or by those J who are interested only in beautiful - specimens. It can only be revealed by > those who preserve every evidence of ? this early life. Every potshred, every t implement of bone or stone, no mat8 ter how -crude or fragmentary, every - animal bone or vegetable product, be' comes an important part of the rec> ord. Nothing Should be discarded until it has been made the subject of care ful study. Even the scattered surface 1.00 YEAR?5c COPY COUNTY BOND INDEBTEDNESS IS $1,102,500.00 Auditor Says Th?re Is No Way Under The Sun To Liquidate At p" "The bonded indebtedness of the county reaches the colossal total of $l,102,50v;.o0, "plus Debt Service in default of $77,557.39," says the report of R. C. Birmingham, certified public accountant, of Charlotte, in an iudit report commenting on the condition of Crf.'-.okee county. "There is no way under the sun for Cherokee County to ever liquivi^cc it bonded indebtedness at par," lhe report continue*, "ar.,1 the sooner some adjustment com.nensutate with the county s ability to pay L? made, the b;tter for all concerned." M.. Birmingnani nds the budget of the county in excellent position, which indicates that the financial affairs ot t.*:e .county are being ably and econor. ically a : ministered. The only ove. drafts above budget estimates allotment being found in the divisions of the courts. Jail and health departments, over w lich Mr. Birmingham ...ys th? governing body has very little control. By resolution on the first Monday in Noveo.oer, the commissioners or de.ed th.;t -11 taxes collected for tne yaar 1933 te applied and [aid ?>ut lor the purpose for w.'iich the budget levy was made for that year, and the tax sal. certificates and other in-ebt:dne.?< due Cherokee County he allied to t'.ie payment of the past due indebtedness ol the county as f.ist as it is collected. This policy of the Boa.J has resulted in keeping the fiscal at fairs af the county in better shape. E. C. Moore* t.iairman of the board, stated, in connection \vi . making the audit report public. This assures the money being placed where it was inte'dnud, instead of being a. plied here tnd there in small sums, and when a fiscal bill lalL* due no money is available to pay it* The letter of Mr. Birmingham, including his comments on toe report, follows: Charlotte, N. C. Dec. 6th, 1933. M.. E. C. Moore, Chairman. Cherokee County Board of Commissioners, Murphy, N. C. Dear Sir-: 1 beg to hand you herewith statement reflecting the Financial Position of CHEROKEE COUNTY as of \f.wavli?? 1R ? *u, ivoo. Also a statemint showing the Position of the Budget as of t.'ie same date. I am also attaching hereto a Summary of Account with Tax Collector Frank J. Ffristol covering 1932 taxes. The ' detail covering this account f?!^ with the County Accountant. Find settlement was not effected with Mr. Bristol inasmuch as he had not at November 15, completed the p.eparation of the Land Sales Certiticates, neither had .he received credit by the Board of Commissioners covering the 1932 insolvent list. You will note by referring to the statement of Financial Position that: Cash in Bank amounted to $ 3,966.17 Total Uncollected Taxes were 152,357.90 Total Tax Certificates (net) 58,264.95 Accounts Receivable amouted to 201.00 Due By Schools 1,787.34 Deferred Charges totalled 31,975.59 v?sii 111 \_iosea nanKl was 9,692.63 and Notes Payable amounted to 6,236.19 Debt Service In Default was 77.557.89 Uncollected Taxes securing to the Schools amounted to 48,145.24 Surplus of All Funds totalled 126.306.76 As ready information I will comment on certain of the balance sheet items as follows: Uncollected Taxes: 1933 L. L. Mason $100,972.03 1932 F. J. Bristol 49,528.40 1930 N. W. Abernathy 1,917.47 The total of the 1933 taxes were $106,315.89 of which tfie sum of $5,403.86 had been collected at November 15. The balance of the 1932 taxes amounting to $49,528.40 is subject to the tax certificates and the insolvents. T.he amount of $1,917.47 balance Con tinned on pnffe 4) "'9