1 ~p'% ^ jjjt
Olivia Oxendine Elected
President of Alumni Association
CMivia Oxendine
Olivia Oxendine, a 1970 graduate
)f Pembroke State University whe
esides in Southern Pines, has bees
elected president of the PSU Alumni
Association for 1993-9S. She takes
office July 1.
Oxendine is a consultant for the
Division of Student Services with
the N.C. Department of Public In
struction in Raleigh She was charter
president of the Sandhills Chapter of
the PSU Alumni Association and was
, elected to the Board of Directors of
the PSU Alumni Association two
yean ago.
Otter newly elected officers are.
Bill Jackson of Chapel Hill PSU
clan of "79, vice president; and
Johnna Wilson of Lunbertoo. PSU
clan of 19, secretary.
New lifetime members of the asso
ciation are Michael Beooks, Pem
broke; Michael Hint, Fairmont; and
Sarab Thomas, Aberdeen
Olivia Oxendine says she is "very
excited about being elected alumni
president. We have otter officers
equally excited and very creative.
We are looking forward to have lun
cheons to plan events and look at
different opportunities."
Oxendine her Bachelor of Science
in elementary education (4-9) with a
concentration in English Education
in '70 She received her Mas
ter of Aits in public school adminis
tration with a minor in family sociol
ogy from Appalachian State Univer
sity in 76. She is now working on a
doctorate in educational leadership 1
with a concentration in curriculum
and instruction at UNC- Chapel Hill.
She has been in per present poettioo
in Raleigh for three yean. *
Oxendine, a native of Luaaberton,
graduated from Pembroke High
School when it was located adjacent
to the PSU Chancellor1! residence
Her parents, who reside in the
Saddletree area of Robeaon County,
are Aileen Hobnes, a aaemhsr of the
Robeson County Board of Educa
tion. and Normie Hobnes, a retired
Oxendine is married to Oervais
(Gary) Ch end int. a '65 graduate of
PSU sad a Pembroke native who is
manufacturing manager for the
Laurinbmg piaat of Abbot Laborato
ries. He joined the PSU Chancellor's
Club in 1990. The Oxendine are par
ents of two sons: Eric, 24, a graduate
of UNC-Chapel Hill who is an en
sign in the U.S. Navy and soon to
be sent tothe Persian Gulf, and Brock,
14, a sophomore at Pinecreet High
School in Southern Pines.
FFederal Recognition:
What It Really Means
by Cynthia L Hunt, Indian Law Unit, Lumbee River Legal Services
This is the last article on federal recognition in the first aeries by the Indian Law Unit at Lumbee River Legal
Services, Inc. The article wiO focus on an issue of federal benefits and services. Fed?I recognition entidss fee
newly recognised tribe to compete with other recognized tribes farthoee federal benefit* and mtvices set aside only
for recognised tribes. Perhaps the first service that a newly recognized tribe receives is an imanment carried out
by the B1A of the tribe's needs, to determine which services and benefits would best help the tribe. For example,
if the current bill is passed to recognize the Lumbee, a needs assessment will be conducted upon verification of fee
tribal roll by the Secretary of the Interior. The Secretary of Health and Human Services and the Secretary of the
Interior, in consultation with the Lumbee tribe shall develop a determination of needs and a budget required to
provide services to which the members of the tribe are eligible Both the Service shall submit a written statement
of such needs and budget with the first budget request submitted to the United States Congress alter the fiscal year
in which the tribal roll is verified. IfH.R. 334 is enacted, the Lumbee Indian tribe shall be eligible for all services
and benefits provided to Indians because of their status as federally recognized Indians It is important to note
however, that Lumbee will not be entitled to such services until the United States Congress appropriates the fends
for these services. ^ .. v
A unique feature ofhR 33$ is that it gives considerable discretion to the Lumbee tribe in the management of these
appropriations. Typically, recognized tribes will compete for the various categorical programs in the BLA budget
In this case, Lumbee does not compete against other recognized tribes for these categorical programs. Instead.
Lumbee is directly fendeda budget to meet the needs of the tribe. This means that Lumbee is given authority to decide
how this budget is allocated to meet the needs within the tribe, tucfa as health care, education, economic development,
etc. This isaneoftherespoasibibuesofa tribal council As stated in previous articles, tribal members will be alerting
these tribal council members. For fe^mupones of the delivery of such services, those members of the tribe reading
in Robeson and adjoining counties sIuOHk deemed to be resident on or near an Indian reservation This means that
only those persons will be eligible for servWqs.
There are two points to note: first. recoghMdWdees not guarantee that a tribe will in feet receive specific benefits
and services. Fitst specific benefits and services a tribe wiU decide to seek will depend on what the tribe's needs are
and on what the tribe sees as its goals and priorities: second, there are other federal benefits and services available
for use by Indian tribes that do not require federal recognition and remain available to tribes after they become
recognized. With these points in mind, the discussion that follows deecribes the main federal benefits and totvices
available to tribes because of their recognized status. Although all of the programs described are administered by
the BLA, there are some programs administered by other federal agencies, but this article does not adfeeae them.
BLA Program*
With the Bureau of Indian Affeira, there are aix offices that administer programs to recognized tribes: A. The Office
of the Commissioner. B. The Office ofTribal Services. C. The Office of Indian Education Programs; D. The Office
ofTrust and Economic Development. E. The Office ofTrust Funds Management: and F. The Office of Management
and Administration. In addition, there are B1A Area Offices and Agencies. The Office ofthe Commissioner and the
Office of Administration, aside from employment preference programs, are not directly involved in administering
programs.
BLA Programs?Office ef Tribal Services
The Division of Housing Services within the Office ofTribal Services helps needy Indians obtain bousing, either
through financial assistance direcdy to the individual or through an Indian housing authority established by the tribe
The Division ofLaw Enforcement Services within the Office helps tribal government* eatabfife sad oparatoeeystem
of criminal law and law enforcement, including the staffing and training of tribal police forces, construction of
detention facilities, counseling services for violators, and maintaining sn emergency polics force. The Division of
Social Services in the Office assists aeedy, elderly, and juvenile Indiane with aocial services and with help obtaiaiag
social services from states* other authorities, mduding child welfere, family couaseliag. and similar programs.
These social services are provided only when other government agsocies, either state or local do no provide mmilar
services already. The Branch ofTribal Government Services in the Office assists tribal leaders wife political matters
such es elections, constitutional changes, visits by tribal delegations to Washington, judgment disUftmUous. and
membership enrollment The TGS also helps establish and maintaia tribal courts. (The Federal Acknowledgment
Project is a part of Self-Determineboo and Educational Assistance Act of 1973 in the BLA. and works to strengthen
tribal goverwnent. assists with tribal contracting, helps m acquiring lands under fee Act, and monitors federal
programs for the tribe under the Act. The Division ofTrfoal Plamamg Services provides long-range planniag for the
BLA Pragniraa-Office ef fedfawEducarisu Pregrems
The OlEP operates ? federal school system for Indiana in addition to providing asairiaace to Indians who attend
public and private schools. The OlEP also has adult education pragmas, vocational framing and counseling, and
on-the-job training. For Iwhaa college students, the OIEP admimetet* arhnlarfeip us! grant psograms. There are
over 20 Indian controlled community colleges, operated by the tribes with fimdt and other asmataace from the OfEP.
(
M
r- -T il IiTi itipIInil
This Office is principally concerned with the txxmcmuc development of the tribe It ovwwi job true fog end
of three programs under the Indian Financu* Act of 1974), oo-reeervatkmbidian buetnese programs, and tribal
BIA Fregrims?Office ?f Trust F?Mniywl
The programs of the OTR are keyed to the BlA's legal rarooneib<liti? under the federal trust duties. TheOTFM
has fetm-office departments providing RaaJ Bet?Services. Trim Funds Services, Rights Protection. Dm Irunmmfol
Services, Road Maintenance. Fish Wildlife and Recreation program. Irrigation and Water Resources programs, Soil
and Moisture Conservation Agriculture program, raergy aad Minerals programs, and Forestry programs.
NON-BIA Pragmas
As noted above, moo of the federal programs that are available only to recognised tribes ait iihnliii?sd bythe
BIA There an, however, a few programs which specifically benefit recognized tribes that an admini?md by
federal agencies other than the BIA For example, die hidiaa health Service is ?dmfoiatered by the Department of
Health end Human Services There are also other urograms available to <?*?? or tribe* rr innlleaa of
recognition. such as educational benefits under the Johmon 0*Malley Act Aad finally, lndtam are eligibie for all
other federal progrtma on the ramebeab that all other American ciheenawotild be eli^Ma for Social Security, for
example
Summery af Federal Benefit! and Services
Thoae programs available to Indiao tribes because ofthetr recognition are administered primarily by the BIA. which
has four main Offices (Tribal Services. Indian Education. Trust and Economic Development, and Trim Funds
Management). Which federal programs a tribe neeth is initially determined by the neids amssinii performed by
an Asea Office of the BIA. Some of the federal programs serve to entry out the-federal govern?fi trust
responsibilities In addition to the BIA programs, ?re are some other federal programs administered by other
governmental agencies that especially benefit recognized tribes and Indiana are eligible for other federal programs
on the tame basis that all other American citizens are eligible.
The three main consequences of federal recognition are the establishment of tribal sovereignty, the creation of a
trust relationship between the tribe and the federal government, and tribal eligibility for federal benefits aadaervioee
Of these, the moat important is tribal sovereignty. The whole point of federal recognition is to recognim the tribe
a* a nation subject to the power of the United States Congraae-but not as ? ward, rather, as a sovereign people in a
govetnraent-to-goverament relation with the federal government In consultation with the BIA. a newly lecognfmd
tribe haaagrcat deal of flexibility in defining exactly what its relation will be with the federal government The tribe's
tam in defining that relationship will require the utmost in fcterighl end wisdom.
There will be fixture articles focusing on specific topics in mote detail that have been discussed in this series of
articles on federal recognition If you should have any guanine regarding the articles, pieeae do net he?to
coat? mo. My number *s<9?fife2S3t or l-*?-554-7*52
S : ^ I --
Recipients of the top two awards at Pembroke Stale University's AJunmi
Awards Dinner Saturday night were Dr. Cheryl Ranseat Leddser (Left) of
Pembroke, who was presented the "Outstanding Alumni Award", and Fred
G tergs. (rigfrt)of Laurinburg. who was presented the "Dietiagaiahed Service
Award." Making the presentations was Ran dell Jsnss (Center) of Pem
broke. president of the PSU Alumni Association
Inducted Mo Pembroke State I diversity'* Athletic Hall
nigbt were Jeff Cashing <left) of Lumbertoo and Erie Mcieppe (right) of
New YoA. Preeeating them their plaque# wee PSU Chancellor Jeseph
Oxeadiae (center). Cashing was a track and cross country star, and
Rkteppe was a soccer star, both being at PSU in the 1970*1.
tjCtctLOJll cAtia oNyt GKtmJlnt
bm Angeles riots
I do net believe in racism, in spite of my fears as s child. Sometimes,
however, problems that look like racism (pure and simple) have more causes
than appear on the surface
According to what IVe read, there is evidence that the 'spontaneous* riots
tnLas Angeles last spring were actually triggered by at least two communist
groups working with gangs in the area. Of course, since "Communism is
dead", tv coverage has never < as far as ! know) even hinted at such a
possibility.
LETS PRAY FOR OUR COUNTRY AND WORLD
As we watch and lisarii to news reports, we need to keep our arinds and
hearts in touch with our Maker and Saviour. Lefs pray for each situation we
an seeing or hearing about. Also for all the news people who Rape our
God alone knows the answers to today's complex problems, tadudi^ foe
situation in Yugoslavia. We tend to forget that foe gin ten?tat thni hm
been named by Communists for decades. Perhaps "ethnic deanemg" like
racism, gives a good excuse for so-called 'as-communist*" to divide and
Ttacarora Lacrosse Team
'to Travel to Chapel Hill
All the members of the Tuecarora
Lacrosse Team will be taking a trip
to Chapel Hill on Pefaraary 20 to
watch the UNC Lacraaae Team in
two Krimmage games. This field trip
is iponeored by the Eastern Caroiina
Tuscsrors Cuhurai Survival School.
The team will benefit from being
able to witnem one of the top La
crosse orounms in the country, alone
with watching the games and ben
efiting from the techniques and styles
being toown by the programs
Lacrosse is a game that was in
vented by the Six Nations or Iroquois
in which the Tuecarora ate a pert.
The Tuacarora believe that Lacrosse
is the Creator's game and that he
gave it to them They consider it a
part of their culture, a pan of their
me inicrwoven into inc cuiiufc
The Tuecarora Team is gratefiil to
Coach Dave IClarmaim, the Lacrosse
Coach at UNC for assistance on the
field trip.
Another trip is being scheduled to
Chapel Hill when UNC wilt play
Syracuse March 6th.
All Tuecarora who are interested in
caH52l-M^^5^-4W?Thenext ?
practice is Saturday, Feb. 13.1993 at
the Tuecarora Cultural Survival ;
Kiwanis
Report
The weekly meeting wh hdd at Ike
Town and County Restaurant with
Preaident Lany Chavis presiding.
Program Chairman Ed Teen pre
sented Scout Maeier Francis Pinch
beck oTTroop 27. The troop is apon
sored by Kiwanis an is in its 55*
year of scouting Chuck Jacobs is
every Monday night torn 7-1:30 at
it Scoot Hat. The all-round scoat
tng award wis received this year
front the Scout Coaacil. H certainly
tfcf i f Hfi mit iha turnip is
doing. They have Camparees com
ing op plus working an passing taafe
the Scout Show at Biggs Mall, Scout
July, first aid daaaas, carap at the
Tree Farm and raanyothsr activities.