T HE W I L M I N GTON G A Z T TE.
Tl nee Dol !ar s "per Annum..
:
T41 U R SJ)X Y, M A K C H 27, 1800.
Vol. IV.-No. f68
PtJ b :. 1 s m r b w r K k t Y
-
B Y
A L L M A N D HA L L.
pfllLAUELPHfAi- Feb. 19.
Lrtter from the .secretary . ot W ir,
-to-the Chair'nan of alw. CommlT
'? mittce, appo:n ed oil ihe 9!.
Dccetiib-jr iatl.oi lo m icli o'
the Speech of :h ' I -iti.lt., as
relates to a fyllem nations
defence cour.nctilufaie with, ou:
refource, -nd the fixation of our
tHUHUi.' " .
Department, Jan. t, i3:j.
Sir,
THXVE the honor to Itntnt, in
m.iii- ;be with voor f ieri't; -: c cViisi
. rv . -
a few lupplementary oblet vaUorts,
and a view ofthe probable gxpence
.detract tothtng ixm, tiiis iL-ar
bought rr:l. V St Iran (he e'nthtP
ffafqajr .oh m.'.kic! tin (e days, j
was porc-ve i and . Uiiivcrljily felt,
thn re-rui'r and. difctohued troop:
veie i;id I'ptiitble, and thai it wa
itrcny uniate nr us to iruil t tin
ii .lone, la ifl'je bt Lhe Wari- r.;.
Tjtioii the fore U "ilitjtfraied, tkv,
ven in titles ot the-yreatelt dan"t?r
ve c;-i ';t-iA-r to our miiitia, t .a
fiegrer oinC i'.-ae or To uTeTr
;ers ;t 'tr ?e ait military Icianc
ha
uis neither :utTrrs. tu-btind v..h h ' With theiradvantages in nrofp and engineers, It a lalary ot eighty
.. . -c a -a - . . , vfc a a. a .
not incumbent up n tb to natten 1 aornrrs per monm, umiwo rations
with all realisable diligence, tne ! per day, w hicn maj necoruoereo e-
bltnd liulp h V
if -t U R 1 i it
w n : c ". 1 n t opn vict' yv
V r .'i1'1 i.?v- j--paffy fantf e'. f
rr -;t. I..t-''7a-vf," . )( witreh
noon nniiwry 3TS"p1t Pj jicj
dcn'-.Kt -rcr. . on an f Jvi '
.nd n:li:ary' Jtierftr&:. to i
" ' n his! (t ol urcr gfieral1 H
riioi.- who w tl, ji-iji! crnht, Jd not
Skecnte gfoal things 'ftat to t'n
nriiit,ttfet jt jv rjinir r. i ry 40. re-
ai to; -ii 'VI ' m . ra' aJ.
ri;ers of t-hr rirli r?put?ion-;tv
wehe- hizh t 'i-i':rtnce att;irtiieri
rca.-ze mem.
ti, inch p.ve
fnlt)ry for evidence o'fs cffecls.
.he fifti, and no $r&t wil! give
them due weight in cml4irtt m.
K:t-, h :,., .rj'.iun "lijiTTitetv
Mm, who c .ndu.1 ii
of the M litary SchooH, . re'fpedful!y'4the ,wfc5 mil reyoUitiwas; crtr.
ttcommended ioonflJerjJtinity in :noaHy' SfetJii ctinlVrm hi.
aiy rSporr, "communicated to Con- j co'niuct to tht tii cu djitance i gra.
nrifc Kti a tnp flTio- A ited thff i i'h . ini f it ci i he -exieritiiehral-trfF-n
na kkti &rOAk,,t nf the Uui- lilt mentioned. What was the fH J (ubjacTnow before tbcln
ted States. : cret, of his conduft ? Muft it he nereis however, an .ajhnnty To
The repefft .contemplates certain told? It may, and without exciting much " point relative to the ell" n-
military fchools as au ellential man, a blulh or uueily fenfation in any tialuy of the ionitutrbtt in qneftiori;
in 'conjunction with a fmali mil'tary of bis furyiving coaipinion in arms.itnat 1 crinnt rorear, t ;fniH.oo it.
eftabUibtotnt; to prepare for, and He hJ an army of men, hut he had The Marlh-!1 de Puifegur, ,ho
perpetuate to the United State., at a few officers or foldiers in that arm, 'as ieffanexcHnr tre.atne on the
vexv moderate exhence. a bdy of both were to be formed, which art of war, the rctult of his expe-
lcientific ofliceri and engineers, ade- C'o!d not be effected in a iinnle cam- rlence "oltTyjM-:
quate to any future exigency, quali. p-yi cr while his regiments were
tied to difciplihefor the field,' in :he continually returning home, and like
fhortell time, the molt extended ar- i the waves of the, leas, each 111 theii-
turn hix in the abyls and Incceeffe'd
by new ones. It wai not till after
he was furniflied with a Icfi flhcfua
ting aiH more flable kihd of force,
that he could commence with a prof;
peel of advantage, military i.Utroet
ions or enforce the ordiu.mces of
difcinliae : and even then hr fAt
hria alone ; but chat they vii at all j that time eimllnjirufiion were requi- y pracfee has not enables, me to
:nies maintain a body ot re?.ilar 'Ctl ro renaer nis lanonrs tnetul ana "v 1 , w-.,v.-uS
0 r 1 . 111. J
commenfnrate with thf.r - enable Ins annv to meet the cuetiiv 1 "IU,JI" Ui ""'gra
- I ' M
commtneement ind-trmpfetion of an
imti utioh effential 10
And are expend nogfeii
0HOk . . . " . .1 ' I ' A-
loch valuable rei'iits, toueotnewue
viewed than ai real oeconomy. It
is a we!! known fact, thatf E' glaad
had 'neither native artillefilts or
enoine-'rs before the time of the
Duke of Cumberland and nil after
Ifii-eltablilhcd m-li;aiy fchools,
t (half tiow, having relpeclfully
kl iHilitary k i-;Ke and ifcip'jneTiT -Htbnjitted thtle obfervationa, pre
all ages of the worn! re fort to fehan eftimaie of the expence of
he military lchoois wt.icn it appears
to me ought to be immediately infti-tnred.
nnes, and to give the moft decilive
& uletnl ellects to their operations.
v-t tO.iceived tne United
5ates will ever think ic expedient to
ftnpToy militia upon their froiiners,
or that they will bedilpofed to place
their reliance for d-feike, againFa
foreign invadint; enemy, upon mi-
troops,
biluy to maintain thetn, and the ne
cefhty or policy that may demand
iuch an cltabhlhmoiit.
" 1 Inie oeen per Bap. at as manv
fifties as any of thole hi le. vice, a.d
in a!l lorts of grades ; at a iuhahern,
I have cotiiinanded troops and wor
kinjj parties in a fie 4 e ; as Major I
have xon.diictid to the trentiies ami
polls to, wTi'cWlhey wete deflined,
frnops and labourers; I have been
Major of Brigade, Mar.hal de camp,
and Lieutenant General j hmvover
as 1 have not len d d fortification.
fulfV-r
A greeably to the plan of the iH
tary acadj-inv, the directors thereof
are-tooc oflitcrc raken from the ar
my j conlequently no expencc mSfUftii
Li itarrred by fuch appointmenis.
The plat alio contemplates, that
officers of the army, cadets and non
cbnimifTioned officers, fhall receive
tflrucf ions in the academy. As the
rations and fuel which thefe are en
iitled to m the armv, will fuffice for
them in the academy, no additional
expencc will be required for thefe
objects of maintenance while there.
1
certain incidental cnaiges relative
rothepo ice and admintfiration may
be defrayed by thole who lhall be
admitted Out of their pay and emol-umei.ts.
According to the plan contem-
qurvalent- to Our thouland ihreo
hundred and thirty fix dollars, and
forty fix cents per annum, and that
the act providing for ruling and or
ganizmg a corps of artiUeritU and
engineers, palled the 9th May, '94.
makes it " the duty of the Secre,
ta'rf of War to provide at the pub, v
irc 'expene, under fuch regulations
as mall be dirjeifted by the Preftdent
of the United States, the neceffary
books, inflrumcnts,! and apparatus for
the ufe and benefit of the laid
corps' "
. According to the plan k eflitQato
of the buildings by f-.-'r. Foncin, the
two Jchools will coil thirty.eyjht
thoufand eight hundred and forty; ;
fix dollars.
According to the plan and elli-.
mate by Mr. Latroue, the two
fchools will ceft eighty thoufand
dollars.
The modification of the two regi
ments of arti llerifts and engineers,
will liberate twenty thoufand nine
hundred St fifty-five dollars annual-
The eftablifhment of the two
fchools will liberate the lalaries of
The expences- of Servants andTfoof tea chery before -fxfen tinned, of
four thoufand three hundred and
thirty-fix dollars annually.
The book, apparatus andjinftru
ment's directed to be provided for the
ufe of the artillerifU and engineers,
are conlidered as an adequate offset
plated, fitty. officers, cadets, or sion- for the books, apparatus and inltrti
to
myfelf to be ir.lfrucierf in aiany
Ate we to i otit by, or is the ex;)e- tn,ns "' tne "i;!irs " eRgjneers,
rience 10 he h.il tn n,ir rmimrv I their practice bein founded upon
- . -. j . . , , ... . .
upon m- thin like equal tarns.
L'u ouahfv and kern our eitiiena ! The art of war. which dvef to a Prlc,Ple wnic!1 are kn w the.nf
V - . .... t t I f t . IQM ilAr ilitir I hiira
in general, of fuitablc ka liiy ability ; l"'1' force the faculty to ComVat
prepared to take the hid,
not in tins
sgainft t rit4i advantage fuperior numbers, , ,"c 1 war,v
rePUlarforcti. would dennnd the indifferently tn truflei, is fubject to ! 1 ms lllc cancno aranowieng-
moft radical changes in our militia mechanical, geenitrical, moraj and meiU who W lervea
lyltem, and fuch an uninterrupted ! pbylicul ruls ; it calls for profound yfars n lhc nm? 'vl,0,1,d k
It f rrainmg, &iftm ai iu-ifttuft; :is fivury j imriWfr . the,cJ military art 11 1 - aktber,
ftruction, to be applied, as well to details incite, and its principles ren that in forty years Isrvice, bad been
ih - officers, as to the men, as com-1 d'red ufeiefs only by a happy adap- prefest at two hundred fies, and
ports with regul.r troops only, on of them to all the cinumlfances who had hunlelf pafled through all
while in its relults, the tneafure , place and ground, vanoufly cum- the military grades and having de
would be found on account of the ibined, to which they may be appli- Jcrvcl each "eJ? Proinul' 7
lols to the community, eccafloned bv . cable. ls tt poHlble for an offi tr
the abiiraction Irom 1 ur or occu
pation, and dm ct cod, greatly ex
of militia,
knowledge
fome dillinuifhed action.
to obtain a competent i A Uibht attention to mcumitan
of tliefr th;,,.,. ;.. .k. CSS and a'tuil pofition of our
Miniri ill II r -
commilfioned officers may be annual
Iv inllructed in the fundamental
fchoel and an equal number in the
Ichool of artillenfts and erguieers ;
j the only lchoois which it is deemed
expedient to bring into operation.
lo inflruct twele, nay reqaire,
when both fchools are in full activity
the following piofeffors, viz.
In the Fundamental Schtbl.
Doh. Cts.
ProfefTorsnf Mathema
tics, at So Dols. per an.
nam, and a rations per
day, 184I
2 Ditto of Geography and
Natural Philolophy, 18..S
I Ditto, of Chemiflrv, 924
l Delimiting and Draw
ing Milter, 724
ieed inexpence what would be re-Mhort fpace his ufual avocations will country mil lc.:d to the convicti.m
quired to fupport a mndfrate mili
tary eftablifhment. 1 his pofition
which is thought to be a found one,
does not bring into view, the effects
ot me meafure upon the morals, iu
dullry and habits of the citizens.
Practically conlidered, may we not
as well calculate 10 be enmemxiioufly
lodged, and hav the Uicnce of buiL
d.ng improved, by employing ev ry
roan in the community in the con
struction of houles, and y explod.ng
from lociety as ufelcls, Mhi ct,
malms and carpenters, as expect to
nermit lion tn .Uv.rto f tk.l.. C. t' I S ell coiutcted frries o! tor
is that perteCi ftiborl nation """'"" ' ""J1 ' ,,c '"Kuc"'
lion :
20
In
t . ihe exieucc ot a large mi
ry ell iblifhmriM.
a d oner) eme ol men to their ffi.:,,,,P",nf ,w ",c u,mcu nyi
ciTs, and o rack inferiofto hiv nfi. ly rule will be conducive to
- ' tU. it . . .... 1 I Warn. a m m SMMM
cers, tiirough an the grades ,f rank ,,,c '!ll,l,7'
from ihe corooral on m rk. ...... 01 pthe netefttf, and con-
r - r t "v vv i
n.auder in chief, which forms a vna
piinciple efleiiilal to the energy
and fi ic of arm es, to be acquired' B. ilrntvly fortifying nor har
by nr lommu d to a body id ; sn and frontiers, we may reafnn.
militia orgahizd and trained actor- aldy expfcV, nil tr to keep at a dif
ding to our laws' An 1 does it c a'i", lance the Ca ami ie of war, or ren -with
a banana and culighw mil uo dr it iris injunous when ii (hall
In v to march ren l imperfectly in. '.harp-n. It is behn d ihf- ponde
us M1..I1. iiy , that a ln--.ll oton-
f l.li r . . . . . A -t . ,L I.I..-
urn ' nir ruirrmi'v. ap.iniU OCT 01 lliru .ii iiiaiiniri i rein ri i :
t it 111 1 in .1 1. I u. Ii.-r.. 1 h 1 I . I. .r I.-..,. 1 h nf f in j.i h nil InikM...'
- -" ' - . hi,'. 'l llllllc . .... --f l... tW iwi 1
iii full ait vi" ) rnmmandrd by Ik I Mil forces, lmpofing therefore upon an
a; d kiemHic oiScch ) Admiiimg, enemy, who may, ha vo every thing
ho vrer, that mih: a 1 r5i'.r, during to tr.nfpori acr lithe Atlantic, the
ihe tew months the law permit! nect lluy ol undertaking long and
the corps 10 he retained in ?;, haz-rdou fege, erereafes ibe
jtrv'tct 1, could render their men h? chances ayamlt his undertaking them
nufflaiii ii.itiu.l'im capable if.'ul-.at ill, or if be does, ii.difpjie ot fuch
h hog the Obji ( i'f thtir defhnatltm ;' circtnaUancei, infurcs i u the tone
V ai thai tdvaniagc is hut 'mo I be mull coulutne in his cpcrai ions,
be defended emcieiuly hotn an it.va. I ,,r,KifJ difcipjitaad, uolefs in r
ding enemv, by csi heg t vi 1 v cmr.rn
to eudravour to -ke binifell nia.tcr
of the fcveral brandies of the art of
ar, and excluding enyfocers, feu n
iih, Hut t sand regular troop
There is ceraiuly, however, a
fyftem as it rclpeclt our nnlitu,
.which if trfonrd to and pi iferved
in, may ficme lhc utility of iheU
fcrvicct, m mnei u' danger, m 11 hunt
much itijun- to the moral 1, maici- 4
ly affecling the general imhiMi y of rfft
nation.
When the perfect drder and rxcl
d U phne when are tfTrntial lo re
gular troops are conlemplated, sad
5 nh ha Sale snd decili m ti e ex
scute the different msnoeuvres in
difpenlinle to the fuccefs of nffenfive
or delsnfi e operation", the convic
limi csunot be nfiffrd, that Inch
troops will always base a decided
advantage ovor more nu nerous fur
cri cmipolfd ol wnmllf uctcd n.i.i
lia or ut ddop'inrd recruits.
It csnnot yrt be forgottrn, that
In our revolutionary ar, ir wai not
tto'il aftrr fcWtTsI yean prsAics in
arms, tod the exm fi m of the peri,
odi f,.r whub ur I S to wne a'
the Scltil of Jr tiller ij 1 and En
gineers.
I Pi of e fi rot M menu.
vies, at 8o Dols. per
annum, a:id 2 rations
y day, 914 10
1 Dim, of Geography
and Natural Pr.ilolophy, 924 1..
I Ditto, of Cncmiltry, 924 l
I Uit n, ot Archtrcure, 924 o
2 Difiinmg and Dra s
ing Mallers.ai 600 Dols.
per annum, and 2 ra-
110ns per day,
1448 20
nrrtiary, a thefe borrowed inflru
nu nis mull be qaukiy returned to
the depot which tumifhed them, as
10 and
. . .a a
uew ones muii oe ma
i-i cm r , inlliikled ; whi (1
bv especltd from lueira f nem, but
pfrpgdsl mcuhrrrnce between ihe
.iadsaodihe end, and certain Hup.
rf'kio the hell om.rclid and
combined m iliary projtll. This 10
be fore ii the ofd ftory it chooi,
however, be rtS t.ften repeated'
bee lie .t cin neverbe resisted.
'I he fern of difc phoe, si .1 the
importanrr 0 military fcienee. met
well known loth (e ancient covcrn.
menu hofe generals and 1
have filled the world with tne lnl-
if r ,f their 1 iclonra. AklkIhi. g
Stiph, tothmc contributed in ih
lVitnliffed, iht ws fojrtd rhem at (ucteis f, ei.ierpnfci f0 much a
aff qualified to meet In ths field of it ll ibe individual oaWfi, The
battle ibm to who-ti :hry were op- fevrr r of the Roman diUipline ii
pofed. Ths urcafional brilliant and w i u- lt(, J3J , ,u, Pnlin,,in-
juftl. celeb' atrd acts, of fome of 1 or m which u rasbeidhvi V Ln )
smbtia, during that evsntlul period, has obfervrd, thetWratv dees aiore
inwattaaowce. ftf Uhu. it that
rally our meant 10 a point and unite
our rflor sio rrfift him.
Ws muft not coucluda from thefe
brietublrrvattoni, il-ac the fen ices
of the engineers is limitted 10 cun
llruc'tmg, coonesling, conlolida' nc,
and keeping in repair fnrtihraiiims.
1 his is but a fiugl branch of their
r.rul'lhon, though indeed a moll
Important one. Their utility ex
tends to airmail every department of
war, and every de'cnptxin of gene
ral officers, befidcs saibru ng what-
cvrr rr I peds public buildings, roadl,
bridges canals and all lu. h iesffcl of
a civil nature. I confaJer it there-
ttirs of vaf) confequaacc A the
Unitedtate, that it fcould form
in iti n i n ho 1 m, at d mil of its own
ntuve mstrrialf, men qualiied to
place the ennutry in a proper pol
lute of defence, 10 infufe fcieore in
our atmy,snd give to oar fariiaka
1 o it that degretof force, connection
and perfefiwo, which can alote
cotimerbalance ibe Itiperiar.iy of at
tack over deli nee.
t
5,144 60
mm 1 1
lotai, 10,409 10
The enfe of the buildings h r
thefe two Ichoolt, as tie one nr ths
oiherofihs siineaed plans Iball bei
adopted will be, -u.
Plan M Jthit Fern in iinpineer.
For tb Fundamental
School, 10,421
The School of Artillenfts
.ul tngineers, Inpi oled
10 coll an equal lum, 19.423
Pln by M. H. Utrt, civil .vVcWrsf
and Engineer.
tor the Fundameo'al
Sahoolt 4),000
I lo Sthonl of ArftTrtilis
and Engineers, fuppolcd
lo coit aii equal lum, 4V
tn.o mi
1 1 mav W hroper tn rem nd the
Committee thai no appropriation fi t
the fcho"! of enginret a- d arnller
ifttwill be required prb5s ihrfe
two fsara, or ltd after the comple
tion of ths Fondansen'al lew ot
Ths Secretary lake n 'sfsoo alfo,
nni'ntmn, that the 'aW ha1"
ready mide rw ifi m for fuc reh-
frsor profeflirs to ths arnller ..Is
ments reqi red for the ufe of the
fchuols ; confequently no charge haa
been (fated in ihe eitmiate for thefe
objects.
If, therefore, we oppnfe the fnm'
thus anhually liberated to the annual
faiary of the profeflors and origiir.l
coll of the biHdings, whichever of
the plans is adopted, we (hall find
the mealure propofecl, viewed mere
ly in the light of an operation nf fi- .
ranee, to relnlt in a confiderable
faving to the United States.
An individual would think ir a
good bargain to receive twenty five.
1 i . 1 Ll ! 1 11 1 ffujai Ii 1 itl.tr .'.V - a
............. - - v 1 I TI)T
nine dollars, annually, tbefum the.
"rated, and to give in lin 'i rr"ol.
fnrhoufahd four hundred and ftxty
bx dollars, annually, the lalary ct the
profeflors, and a principal lum fqu-1
10 the coil of the buildings; In o.
thet words, he r mild receive four,
teen thoufand levin Lordrrd and
twenty-five dollars annually, which
is rquivalent at fix ptr cent, to a ca
pital or pi no p.. i of two hundred
and tarty five thoufand four hm ilred
and fix teen dollars 1 a lum greatly
exceeding the tllimated coft of ths
building' upon either oflimare
Te committee while they per
ceive that the feed which it is now
;p poi' d to low, is to yirld a to urc
harveft, will at the fame time, jnllty
appreciate the various beneficial
cunfequct.css which mufi refuft from
the in, nod, ,:e adoption, and the
linking incoiivrnisr.cet si d danger
to be aopreheaifrd from apoftponc
mei.t nf tk me. f nt.
Whether our country is to be
O a a m
plunged into a war or n j. y lor s
length nf time the bh flings of peace
snd interior trar ajitlsy ; whether
ihe portentous anecosi .Ks Ut
affl clrd Europe, and in ihetr pro
grefs threatened the United States,
are 10 loMhir into a leitlto nate m
things ; whether the blcfjingi of
peace and the cuftowary relations
I g ihe irrftUniic"poafets, are
10 take place, or lieftilities hall bs
coounitrd, protrclf d and exirl.drd
beyond their pefrut lutuli in ctl er
view 11 is equally a (uggeflienot po
licy and wildom m improve our
meant ol defence, and give as much
rsfflatkia Ms pcflible to fuch fftah
fhmenit as may bs coweived effen.
tia.to ihemauucr.ance of our nghii,
and lecurity Irom inlult.
Fhe onsvoioabfe collhions grow,
irg out of trade snd the reprpes
.'ft- ft rnsof grcal ton " rcia ll e.
ihe pprebenfions and jeileulies na
tural 10 powers pofellmgcnrtti-ti'-ufl
territory t the inefRcscy of PHtfJfi
aod morality to Cootroul ibe pa moos
of men or theiotsYeft araj imN ion
of nations 1 the impodbd'tv ttsnes
lot govcrnmeiii lo adjoH their tl&tc
e.nes, or r-fervs their H-s wnlno
making UrlBcet .001 e to be dieadid
1
1
ju.j
- r ft