Newspapers / The Wilmington Gazette (Wilmington, … / March 25, 1802, edition 1 / Page 3
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f Conn nsrd from tlr tall fiA ')'. iijan tn fei. fenfcf -. fav that-the com- p4f W could be taken away during thai lonlinuance ? vet although: the'comp'-nfaiion -ould not be taken away, it nvght bt leflened,- and tlie Worii of negatioa we-e to .prevent : but as the leoal fiffniRiation ' of art 'onVco could not be leffened, the words ; pere would Jiavtr been l.irpiuiagc. vRiir. Mr. Chairmanfirit D' obabPe thar the fravners of OieTconfti uuon ever . intended fo4noia ine circuit cqur:s, i..-m-..ne Urns tectum - - . ."-.. . ... iiiveft.Congrefj wi h a power to deftroy the ; it is exprefslv declared, 1 hat when the 'pfices !Tice of a judge in a tittrg countty like1 of h? diftricl j;udge, in the.diftrirh' of .Ken- this where all. the, various i'ourte "of liiiga" jjinky and Texneflee refperiively, fha I be ' tion ate daily encreafing ? They forelaw ' come vacant, fuck VAtaniUs JhalHHtrpplicd that new judges wouM be wanted-from" time by Kso appointment of two addhional circuit to tiros, but 1 hey' i)r could have pictured judge;, wh ich appointment of cchi i? mud be "to""themfe1ve' a neceiri,yrof dfprrning whh ma te tn 'the ufiial w'ay. -And ifl the jd fefti'bn the old judges. If we were framing a con- - of the fame law, congrefs have vir uat'y'ac fliution tlmmomen V if we had'any regud , knowledtfed" die-r want of "potfef to take aav for the independency of (ihe judges, wuuld wfr invert Congrefs withja pow- to remove them, or take away lie bffices ? We could calculate '-wi-h a rcalonaoie certainty, mailt there liould at anytime be a nccc(li(y for, their, appointment, theje would always in this country bq a necellity tor ineir continuance ; and we could trull this power to on? icgillatiire as cotifid-..V.iizl!y as to another, It the framct j of 'he condi ution could have 'enrertatued a'iy (ulincioft hat a leguuure in iaot would-' crea e. nfeUf judges party: purpofe", with rij ial proprie y ihey mgh have fuppofjtd that a lec'Uiture to IbOi would aeilr -y uletul , iirliTcs for ranv DNrot fa. Rui ilieindei.cn - ) m . 1 . r ; r d.Micv of the judicial d ear nient was the I tibj ct.This was an invaluable'pi inciple, nnd ' n t- more liable 10 abufc than,any "oihi.'r prih i iip!c fixed U y ihc condi u ior here was no 1 1- it .. ,l tt 1 r D I. n iriciote -jo ncttudiv oc ichtu j independency of the .judges. It we autf, j 1 from tbe 'itbufc of power, wli u-is there to-'pie vent Cot'.g-. ff f p n',.'dmi;tii(ig into jjje union ware new Hates than wouid be forhe advan : ia?c or rhe nation:" the late adrnjflnHon, with the cojifent of he Itgifl i yi of Mtlfachufetts, m:t'ht"iiave erected th'! privmce of M une m o l ; or 20 flates r df? Ui u. if he e is a s iccfili y for a j w ila c at the time of amillionit)rj rh'e unfcirp "the "pro abi: It y t', tat, there wil' alw.tys be a ne-elfity. tritiP there" it a nerellity for a judge at the titniif his appointment, ihe probability-is 4 a tPure will always be a liecetGty , and the Icj fh uie divinii bi. th o he on; of the other. a e the conllitu lonal judge of iliat necclfi:y, and no o her lcg'0 rure hi a i ig'it to in'crlere My opjnion is, hit -ihe ftan'ersof the confli t ion intended that he j'ligei fli.mlJ be ir, 'depenrlenf of bo h the other branches of government i -b I hejr have fpnken ilaiuly and tineqitivbcaliy ; and thin lUe mitneo' the jir'ge ! appointed the office is rngrf.ed in. and bei'omes a part of i!ie cor.ftii'iiiofr, jui c:noi be takrn away wi Hon-, impairitg ih; cifli uiion itfelf. Wi h regard, Mr. Chair mm, t i th dillindion tha i taken between be iup'eme tnd infeiior courts, for my vvn pan 1 cannot fee any force in the argak n n A y per for, of common can lour tn ill at knw'td-?, wliftt lit ij is 'he full fedion 3i.df:rond iVrtion of the 3! tu that there is as tmpera ivr -n inj j ictiu 10 clliLlidi lome iiifcfi -r court as 1 he re is to tllablidi one Supreme I ou.t. It it laid lut the Supreme Cou it On I have cf.f-el!att juiifdiction,.and Vf couif-- "h re in'rlt. be it f-nor courts from vhiih iue appeals ne o be inJe, &. the dura, tion of otfic- In bo h cou-ts i Contained ir, ihe fj'iie fi-nience & worJj ; & i' isahf ird 10 fup. p.ilu il fitt.crs of th- crnRtm ion a(Tix.! tl.Hible meaning 10 lu-fe words ihe irtfoos i in ou- loi.lltucli apply as well to he Supreme courts at to Ik inferior courts a dyir.ij dnnil aiion road provide for ii frienu.fcy inc ea'inp the nuinber f yiigtt .1 .hr ftp-erne cmiu wi h as much facility ai J-y creating infe ior iribaiuU. luf iff if futgitfs ntve he pwci onirnlcd for, there is not a j it!ge on he f.iptcinc bench wh. it r. .t foreple tly in their p,iwr. The conlli u. j"f, inJ the unpen ive word in ihe con t:.m ion wiH be oli4 with ; the fupremc .niribcinjraUitsineaifWe. I .ee nohmf in the eonllt ution which j f,,bibin congte fi fi'iiti ihan.ng the nam. of in mlcior coj'rr, f by he la ifl ths ofSce with all tha p. j,-ttatn to it is i.'mewr. 'i prcl'tved And fa' vj gr.h hive, a r gnt tr.mWcr f ime of -i t i.s c.f th j'idj-i fmtn oue tiibuiul o o itti, c;iral ev.-"-!! it is ii.ciJrni IA f A..II..... . 1 j i it I'lM.iiiiiiin nrw iiidj. tab, ibj y,tfr. a rfW toirt is sieited. i'.tic 'i .,te t. iinci rnch wog J La b.'p rtr;n i.tc in tin old c.tut, irn t irt.f r ei i,t new libynat. i WJi fiiti 14 ih l!l lelb-n 'bin iby d 1 r( in 'kit d.dtlat L.Uh .ht PHi.r, wn.h .in ceiiam f.wrr, j I Mi f n l aiAoniy, t.tit'ti n pif i r pc.fots, rri)iirii 4 Hstt tcr )tn flip, wHnh rfiy b ecl4 i i c.Hin ..m v ! flt'ttf nam? I 4utU t,t i' J , bt Mi l Iflle nifi-d Ort't jdfs fi4 .ei'4'i cjf.f, the fjprem;ii f a fat . . , in r irtiiii ihi'h-"ih mi hi inr ii. r;;4) j'S !'i ; of. Ktmatky 10J rernt' lion n.rs nu- .wjr n.v, mn.y jat;g:s t!;rc 1 "I I cn I) I vaiU J Las recen'IV CXprtlkd fj.allbe, fi ha- yc.u may rem.,vC oil bu- rmr,!thc fame fcnlimrt.ts, and the corrcc1ncf ..r yoa .msjr ra. a, law Pe..iff f. K.-.ol hii leval opinions will not becalled in 11. oil then fjf ilu c.irt.t rvf iK n,.n . ' 1 . ' j 1... 1 . 1 . 1 r 11 . . , , - - .-.- r-rTreaitrnmrniT ar?rrrtfn a law rrr e xclude ibat iwclfe judges ire unneeeflirr, r.v, A , , ah";S a Jh , i i u . t . ... .k..i j .. . . n ly$f And I cannot Irom a confi. rnn- iimi(uii.ian Hiiitgiiimu 114 iiu lia TiiH tlii powers cognizab'e in a 'circuit' fourtJbofited wi'l'more fafety. than : where-it i n loins exception at 'o appeals, and .writ of error and the 24 h le ftum of the law of 13 h Febtoary, 1801, hich abol.flied the two dittnd court , i transferred the , c mflitunt parts of the pfficey to -.wit, all the! --power, authority and jurifdiction of the fiid coui is into tire circuir.cjitir's, & by ihes 7th feclion of the fame law,ihed:fl itt judges "of Teoncljce and. iencucKy, wi n a ct cuu iti'tee, are to the office of a judtjc, have provided .hat after the next vacant y in the fupremc cour , ii fhil! confift of five ju.lices bri'y. And as toshe aactr tonal la'aries pt ipt dillritt judges, they will be pre ruined to be eqial ttTihe additional duties, until a complaint is made, and thetf the tad mult be alixrtaned. ' 1 his law then. Mr .Chairman, whii h expttfsly recognizes the j'ldgrr, which exprefsly continues hi$ duties, and which cxpre sly con unties' his ulary.'is likened lo. a law which" deQroys the office of a judge, takes away his duty, takes away his la'ary, and leave's l is commilJlon on a blank Diece of onner : and this is the rock on which gent tmen flard, when they iriumohjntiv afli were we the puar dians of the conllitution when the firlt law was paiTcd ? NIt- Chairman, inge' uity has been exhaufl ta in contrrving-rtles-wherein it is faid our coiflrufl;on will not hold good. I 1 is afked if in the cafe of a war a v;ho!c flate fli uld be ced d,if ihe ofiices of judges would retain ?. Ccttainly no; ; but here the prtivjfion in the confli'uiion v(ou!d not be complied w'., ihe whole flreng.h of 'the nation would1 no? . It fufficieut to pro eel v. yet it would - be' aWc of;'''nelfiyi calamity ot wa-, which no conitttutton can provide rtainlt-and in the cafsput, the moll rmpo;taht prf of the conltuution would noi be coinpl-.ed wi h, which guarantees to rach 1: ate. 'in the ur.iim a republican fom of government.; yc in tin. event the people c-f the ceded fUtc migb: become lit (laves of a tyrant. ' Lut, Mr. Chairman, a d rlr!ie new and dang-nous has began -to unfold itfdf. l u faid "1 ha 'the judiciary -is a fubordma'C arc' not a co.orduiaie branch of he govcrnmer. , that the judges have no rigli. to declare a law to be uncrnlliMitiof al ; that no fuch power i riven to iliat braiuhin the conlli u ior. ry, oir. it is no where Hockred that con gfU have a tight :oex:tc fc heir iiid!?- m;m. r ?o coi fi.1er thf expzdienc of a me fure ; j .y ii t 1, cm mr n.mi e ci neit it.iinir "n are to judge ol he Uw and what i th. ' ; the con 11 ititit n is paramount and IV pieme ; jtt.lg- is b-mnd by his oadt to bit): pen 11 : ti'.; Icg llattire v tight to exor cifw tlu-ir judgment as to the coiiflnuti onalisy ol.a law n. its nallitic: but tbr jndiciciurv decide at lafl, & Uicirdtcifioit isnnal, 1 hit dnclrinc is admitted in th, debates of the convention of Vui'inia n the cafe uil'atbunjcfffe vs Drrunc juuje i djciion lias cxprcllcd the latneo. pinion v Ucn lie could have had no view 10 this qadlion. I hold it 10 be a pofi. turn equally cK'r and found, that in Itrch a oh, it Hill be the duty of the " court rn,-.d!fcrc to the conttiumon, an J 4 'to declare the atl null and void- It h an itnpnr'ar.t principle, which in tbt " (jnct.Ui-n rj.iellitMs ot this kind 14 oiiht ii.-. r lo U loll filn of, that tk ' ji.dick.rt i. this coun rv h not a fub "ordinate, but to ordinate branch of ihc n.L. ....... .. Tl. -I i '.l k -i vi 11 urn. 1 nc unci injpiiiratt IhiUcial know!cde- infr ritv m,.t . iJnu,,,,c y urmcr brethren inthc l( ,.,,'Jfc.me co.ur, r,fk fhiravlcr in a i j"Jicul decifion on this qutllion. s hrn un not ice any advantage to be dcru vci I to my cotinlrjr liom a poflibiliiy n-n, fir, if it i once ertabJlfhcd that Ihc j.iJictar is a fubjt Jinate'ind dencn. dent bran.h of ihc government, I ac know W-e they have no right 10 judge of hecon;linnionality of a law, or, if :het have the jowcr, ihcy will be Afraid o exercire it. Upo.i thi rii.ciple whrrc wii! an jt.fl icouat pirtizana.ij an ilnfij. mficant individual meet to adjuft then cLTmij in ihir houfe or in a tribunal unler Ihe influence of ihUlufcl 'Vhcie vil! itr povrct ful (1 ate if , Virginia' and he Mate of D.lawaie nert tinuti termi of equality, in th 1 h ufe, orinatrlbu. Hal under the nnmedinecontro :l of thii hjufcr Where cotiM rhc federal aimu 'il.Uit lOTof I :'.kc In ihii counsr; be d isf -v- c.ntrencnea as our juages are, :mcy J U... I . ,. J . can do but little harm, butrnuch goo? ; fronf. their nhua'tfon 'they can have- no ia.fnptation to: make inroads upn rheihavtQurisan 6bjel of legiflative crea- I - f. . 1 t .1 . . "r .t.li!; '" .-!.! .-i k rights of the. people ; there is no 'fuch thing as judicial patronage ; they can ap point mr oracers, colled no inohcy, raile n6 armies, 'raife.no fleets: They Jiave nothing but their virtue and talen ts u rc- commend them to the' people. If it is in No other way under heaven, Mr. Chair the power ot human contrivance to fclel . man, than by a bold and arbitrary- afTer- a fpot, where the ftreams of judtcc" will fl w pure and "uncontaminated, it is in a tribti'tiai or independent judges. "1'he three grand branches of our; go vernment are well arranged. I he rrc fjdent has. his proportionate weight in 1 uc j iiuiv-ui y , i;y du lunmiig ins juuttsj when they arc appointed they are inde- ' pendent ; and in this lituarion arc to guarHhcJcg'flatnre JroirTljuking en- c roach rrrenriVn jhfl 1 libertierdf'iHe peo- e. .Thelegiflature in turn have a check on t nem by bringing them" to trial and punifhmenrif they (hould become tor- ru'pted ; this trial is.-to commence in, this houfe, which will always be a repofitory ot. fufficiency of paffion and fpirit to commence the impeachment if there is a reafonalile eabfe the trial is to be ended in the Senate, hercs,thc member!, from their permanency, will be likely to be cool, and not convi& un- lefs they are guilty. Thus ihe" parts are interwoven operating as checks and contibuls on each other, but once cul the ligament, and perhaps, the dreadful tdnfeqiienccs have not been fo highly o oured. The ('ffe't"may not be im- mediite, but let the principle be prac- tifed upon by two or three changes of jdmillration, and it will become as jntich a matter of c(ur& t6:remdve the" judges, as the heads of' department, and tn-oaa ttmesf- tne judges wtsuicl be no. better than a fwor l In the hands of a rarty to put out of the way great and ihnoxious charaQcrs lor 'pretended trea- fons. , Tbe independency of the judges was 1 fcreiit point gained by the people -of iw.Kmhu..-. une 1 nc tenures or omce epended ori the nod of the crown, thx-v i ipportcd the arbiirary'mealures of the king jn one ' inifance. they decPded that ' the king had a" right to levy fhip t:oncyj' without th'2coi:fcnt of Prlia inrr.t or people ; aiu4 many an itidauce nigh: be. brought to the rcco!lecion of :li;s honourable committee, where 1 hey Jdersnincd throui'li ftar and not from I'ldgment. It is laid thiy are not irw kpeMiJciit of Tarl vpeMUcnt 01 rarliatnent. V hy , bir. nothing is independent of Parliament j ud there not the fame neccfiii v there. There being no written conltiiution in Enuland. tbe in Jieiarv farms no cb,rt npon Parliament and befides our ,.. vernmeni i nm a copy of the Uritifh Zn. r . .,(,r ." encouragement vcrnncnt ; and this is not the only f.Tli. r" "!cl. w",h. ux L!c ,n,c. Uii pro. tary indance, where we have out-ltrip- T" ,", rtLri lc',cc. ,n ,h,s tow". pcd.asitia called, our too favourite ',i 0rm ''hat he intends ,0 re prp'.o.ypc. ..There is not a leading fca. Eftfe to Su ater end ot tuie in the' conlVitutum that bears lelH.' " tfVlf . aU Pc' mony of any fervllc . i.niiaiion : it , "g a'n" h,,m 10 brinS isonroppoicniswho wifh u left our ' ' . t,!c,r,ac(ciu receive pay. onUiiution'bv the principles 6f ih "Cn, anJ . th.0,c - w 10 indebted to Hritifh Hovcrn nent : it s ihev u b Will 1 that it cotifUhCiion be put tiDon the? conflitution by congref5, which fliallbe onfidcrcd as the confliiution iiftlf ; and are unwi ling thai there Ihould be anv check :o oppofeit; & ofconrfecveryVon lruaion put on it by the difTcren tlcgifl j. 'tires will exhibit the appearance of anew conHitution, & cpnllitution o be tilled r,0w,r. . about-Jy tvery - "HtJ HSCic, The powers of congrefs wil! he tqtia to the powen of the Englifh Parliament, iranfeendent, fplcndid and tvithout controul. I little expefled that l icli lordly power would be crafocd at by our plant Republicans, who have no ambhioui dcfirci, and who with rulers 10 be conicnie 1 with hunr.ble preroi;itivCi. Mr. Chairman, when I refleA the imrinfTc nature of tncqucftion, 1 am conloundc I and amazed it ii vaU in-HceJ-from a dread of in terrible coiife quenfci. ' Yet In in riturf iiconfilU in the open denial of the obvioui meaning if a lew worJs in the con.litution we repeat tne wordr, ijcnilemerr r'eny their plain fenfc We read " That the iud. ie oosh of Ihe fupreme and inferior court lhall hold their t.qicei during gooj be havior.' Our opponcnti fay thai ihcfc wordf d.not mean " that the judges of bo-li the fiiiircmt and inferior fourti lhall holJihciro'lkeidurin'' The meaning of thefo wordi ii entirely Mu.fft.n, 11 11 in tact the reverie ; f hey do nol infringe our power the nfer W the execufiye ; although the office to oe noiucn is noi or- cxeciiwvc iA iinWliai m!r i nr r1iArr.v it and he can neither rhikfr it or deftroy it : the thing to beholden during good be- tioQ..uprtain!y our opponents' cannotv drive us oiF the firm ground on which ve ftar.d, and tcU us that thefe words are uot in the conftitution. . 1 hey are, and how aie'tbey to be gotten rid tf.r tion that they do not bear their ,nat 11 ra.. meaning ; that they do not bear the,, fame meaning which they bear in ano- tnerj)arrj) pie have ' faid" that, a judge fli all hold his office until a certain event rhall happen r the rulers fay nO, we ill lhorten the pettod,' & this is not b reakin the ciifii. tution;or, inother words, the people have faid that a judge lhall hold his office du- ring good behaviour the rulers 'ay, the meaning of that is, that the office lan be taken away at any moment. Why, fir, what part of the conftitution vail hold, gentlemen, vvhat wo'rds aire in it that are frrona noiitih, a id what meaning Can- riot, be as eafi'y dillotted and-pervcrted ? We have a right to our feats here for two years if we do not behave difordeily ; jet it might as well be faid that the meaning of that'is, that two thirds can expel the other third at any moment, notwithflariding thtir good behaviotir. Our opponents cbmpiain of the want of ' powerthat their power, would be too much cramped and retrained from its neural freedom by our conflrudlion. Why, fir, that is the object of a writ- ten conflitution, to place objtcls ou f the reach of legiflative powr. It is its great and grand defign. l afk pardon of l he. committee' for de- raining them fo lonr. v I;afcribe no wick- . cd mouves jo out opponents. I have the charity to believe that their motives are good and virtuous yet I an cenfi- de.t that through a miftaken zeal for the rood if the " people, they are goin too far, and are deftroying the tonllitu- tion of our country. . ?rXH-rKH 'r&ii FOR NEW-YORK. ' BRIG 'APOLLO,. Jonathan Lee, mailer. Will fail within 8 days from this date For freight or paf ply to M 1 . ,o.d accommodations, ap ifrs. Howard & TillinlulL .or to the Cjp ain on bord, hingat Mr. I 'rn.ll... . .. 1 t J xjiauu w I iiri. Wil mington, Maich 18. mnr r , r -L I n.L'' "ber returns his grateful 4-.. I!u,,k5 ,0. i"s '""ner5 and the r..Kt; . ,' .... t . .1 i ,,,m' 10 lnakc ,mmc:i'c payment. rETErt Wl. Wilmington, Match iyihr 1802. 'Jhc Frintlng-Officc IS removed to the new brick building in Market-S.reet, .oppofitt Dr. N. hill's, whet, the' printer-invites thofo gcn'.IcmcH who refde out )f town to call, . and pay up their dues. IhrA tm, t iA t ii urge nnnTogivc tlus public and ptclSini invita ion which lie Lttet will oe put nuany atienucd to. Wilming on, March t8. NOIJCE A' I I- pftfonj are hereby lorwarned JLx. and forbid fiom hunting or travel, lit g over any wart of my landa, on which , Mr. Jonah Clark now rtfiJes, nearly oppofilc Brur.fwicV, and adjoining the Kivcr, alfa on tjie lands adjoinir; me, near to the Sugar Loaf, the property of Pcitr Carpci. cT. , Any ptrfunor rcifous fmmd trefpaf fjng thtreun with do3 r gun, af.er thii noiur, will be profeculed asthi law directs. JOHN MTAULANE. ISevr.Iiinover County, 1 lilhMarth, 182 3. 1 .-.11 ... FLOUR ol gnod 'quality. A It Alt HJSK.LS, IOR SALE AT - FONTAINE At TAKUE'S. Miwirii. r.
The Wilmington Gazette (Wilmington, N.C.)
Standardized title groups preceding, succeeding, and alternate titles together.
March 25, 1802, edition 1
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