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'PUBLISHED (wiii-.lt) Y..ALMAffD WALL. TUESDAY, JUNE 4, 1E05.
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LETTER -. .V.- ""'r;- ' r- '
THERE were several other- tmestiona of
considerable consequence on which I differed
f'ftnn the'rnaiority of the republican , party i.h
Congress ; but in all of them a number of the
most respectable republicans, arid in JVvo or
three of tht'm all the members from the five
HNew-England states, with one or two excep
tions, united withme in opinion. In this
fretiewIshaU only notice, and (that briefly,
y the motion to enquire into the official conduct
6t Judge vnase, ine resoiuuqn ior aoyusmu
the loan offices, the motion ,to extinguish
the State Balances, and Mr? Randolph' Re
solutions respecting the Georgia Claims.-: I "
Was opposed to an laquisitorjal investigation '
of tht conduct. of a; public officer, upon the
ttitr detwnd of a inemHerinhis plaee, whh
oat any specific accusation ; but l submitted
without a murmur to the decision of the ma
jority, and voted for the impeachment, in the.
first instance, after the -evidence was suppor
ted. I voted, in the first instance, in favor of
discontinuing the office, of commissioners of
loans ; but upon a farther examination, I be
gun to' fear that' the '.measure -might with
propriety be constructed info a violation of
public faith, and altered my vote. - Most of
t!ie republican members from Massachusetts,
like iwself, altered their votes upon delibe
rate investigation, ami the, resolution waste
jetted' by"11 small mijority. Upon ihe mo
tiari to extinguish the state balances the
m;m')er from the NVw-England states were
united with the single exception of my col
league, Mr. Olin, to whose integrity and a--btlitv
I shall always bear my ftrcble testimo-
ny ? and the same was tnc case 011 uie.van
nftfcfeeotmls of the several stales,, against
the United States, for services rendered and
supplies furnished during the war, make as -
ample ana iioerEu prmisiuu y utibiiv5
of alt the accounts exhibited, as could possi
bly be expected, or even asked, by any of the
nirtiea to fhe aettle'ment : it wa founded on
the principlea ot mutual compromise, ana uy
the unanimous consent of all the states. By
th conditions of the settlement agreed upon
by that ordinance, the public faith of each
State as solemnly pledged to all the other
states, ttird the public faith of the: U. States
was sojerrinly pledged to each individual
state, that ihesettlement and proportion of
the debt allotted to each state, by the com
Imissioners thus mutually agreed -upon and
chosen by all the stateH, should be final and
conclusive. Soon alter the establishment of
'$ present government in the yttr tHi, sv
Uvwa passed Congress- for facilitatirjg
the settlement, and- for filling vacancies in
the board agreeable to the principles of the
ordinance of 178T, and so far as I have disco
vered by a recurrence lo the journals, this -law
passed without any opposition. In 1 890
Congress again assumed the consideration of
the-subject, and passed a law which recrjgni
tci all the principles of the ordinance f
1 787, and provided that a distribution of the
whole expetice .should be made among the
several states according to the first census un
der the present constitution. " This law was
also passedby the. almost unanimous consent
flf the House, and in the Senate where the
state bovereignties are mire particularly re
presented, it appears by the journals to have
passed without opposition. Thus sir. from
the first agreement of 1787 to the fina?-close
of the settlement, all the slates were unant
rnoys in the mdc.presr.Tibtd- for settlement,
states on the settlement ; for although these
balances have been funded by the United
States, ' it is well known that the evidences
' of the debt in possession of the creditor
states are not transferable, o thatcpngress
will have ; nothing to do to eficct this part of
! the business, but-to order payment to the
credit, states on those balances to be stop-'
. ped." ':":- :'..; -v
I shall conclude with observing that it is'
not probable that the debtor states will eyer
pay the full amount of thtir balances ; nor is it
probable that tlie creditor states will ever enT
gage in a civil war to compel them to make
payment. This situation of things furnishes,
however, ho argument in favor of the adoption
of the monstrous principle, or rather perver
sion of ail principle, that honest debts may
be e.iinpuished by a wantcn act of power.
t.ettlic .jaliinces stand on record gahit the
debtors until a sense of justice shall prjrVjiil
over private interest, and induce them- lo.
makft an honoruble composition with their
creditors. JAMES V.LLIOT.
m 'mhp from Massachusetts did not vote up- ther to abide by it ; and the public faith of
several acts of con-
mimber from Massachusetts did not vote up
on the nuestion. .. Theje questions were con-
31 fllerod as involving the tnteresis oi ine east
' trn -Itates to the amount of several millions
;l ofd IUrs ; those states bqing creditors to a
'?j -large-amount asjt respected the HMe balan
j ce;and numbering among th-ir citizens
wist of the honest claimant wnom the Lni
tel States had stipulattd with f 'eorgia, up-m
fhe cessjon of "the Georgia Missiisippi Ter
ritory, to compensate in a certain ratio for
their claims upon that state. These subjects
lke all others of a local and complicated na
ture, have never been thoroughly' investiga
ted by the people at large ; but as they have
now become.of nstionul importance, I shall
render my constituents an acceptable service,
'by'det.ailing'tothemtwe-5nfomat!on I poises
vpon the subject. This letter will be dvo
4ed to a general view of the subject of the
stale balances and the succeeding; ou'e to that
of ths Georgia Clainns.
The State I5alanc:s, aVthey are calitd, te
suit frm circumstances immediately connec
ted with our national independence. Innu
merable were the difficulties which presented
themselves in our councils during theTevo- '
Jutionary war and the smile of Providence (
alone could have enabled our fathers to sur- J
mount them. From peculiar circumstances, 1
certain states contributed more, and others ,
less, than their ecj'iitIIe proportion, towanls I
the s;ippfj A the common cause ; and ctr- j
lain principles were prescribed by Congress j
for an ultimate equalization. aivl settlement
between the states. The resolution, wndtr ;
cmsidcratioii p-op-d the extingushmmt '
etfthe kilanccs due from several of the indi- ',
idual states to the United State, as appear 1
bra report of the Commissioners appotited ,
tr adi-jst and finally tosstUe the iifmndsr!
Late" Foreign News.
!
by
the nation was. by the
gress on the subject, most solemnly pledged
to earn it into tTecl,
Can "the legislature then rtliuquish these
bslanr.es, without a violation of plighted pub
lic faith? And yet will they undertake to do
it? Sir, it is a fundamental principle in the
. government of all civilized nations to pay the
, most' sacred regard to plighted j:uUlic jHith.
And sir, the friends of our government h&ve
r derived much consolation from the idea, that
the United States would never sufier their
national character to be stained by a violation
h of this- important nntional principle. Yet,
sir, iron! what lias laKen puce it nas oeen
believed that the Untied States would not be
behind any nation on earth in lha preserva
tion this public virtue. F5ut if the resolution
on the luble should be passed into a Uw, this
valusble principle will receive a wound j
which may lead to fital consequence. I j
must bs permitted to doubt the p-rver of con-
gress to extinguish tVese balances without j
thtj concurrence of all the states." The set-
tlement having been madts under a solemn a- .;
greemcnt of alt the states, where will you find !
a power vested in congress to alienate the in
terest which any individual Mate h; acqui
red in thebalance, in ron.eqiier,ce r,f thai a
grcement, and vest it in another at ? No
such power i espresud in the conttution,
nor can f conceive tf to le i mplied ly any
thinn; which is exprrtscd in that in",r.mer.t.
If then congress have im conMimiinnnl
power to make the cs'.inguisbmi-nt. will not
the tnnsaction he fnsidr rtd an rnnnva'.iou
nn the richts of individual states, as wt Jl as
a direiir lion of the public frith ? 1
A tentlemsn from S'ew-Yoik has ssid that
th extinguishment cmiUnnt be a vioUtiuu
LONDON, March 26.
The Catholic petition was yesterday pre-
' scn'.ed to parliament by Lord (iretivilie and
Mr. Fox i but did not, as -.yas expected, !;ive
rise to any discussion. In the house ofhrvcls,
Lord Aukland expressed a hope tlv.it the sub
ject would be tompletely, coolly and dispas
sionately discussed; and Lord Hawkesbury
announced his determination to oppose Ihe
prayer of the petition.
In the ho?e of Commons Mr. Cat twrtght'
tsaid he had beenalwaysin hopesthat it would
not be brought firrward as long 'tis nn insur
tnoTmtable objection to it existed. They: who.
presenteTTTknew this insurmountable objec
tion existed, and he was surprised thrrefore,
that they should bring it forward. .This pro.
reeding could serve noolher purpose than ex
citing a ferment and agitation in the public
mind that oiipjht to be avoided if possible.
The discussion of the petition in the house
; of Commons was fiscHt f.,r ihe 9th of Mav.
No day has yet been fixed for its discussion
in the house ol Lords.
We repeat the opinion wp have more than
once exprts--d, that the petition could not
have been presented at .1 more unseasonable
thre; and we Jugcwt one remark to the
consideration of our reader, that compliance 1 also be dcminded.
his Imperial Majesty graciously to accept'
the Italian Crown. ' f
His Italian Majesty is immediately to re
? 'pair to Milan to be crowned, and to' rive a
definitive Constitution to hit new kihgdVni-
Piombino has been erected into a princi
pality, and our. dear sister Eliza, Princess
Bnrghese, has been invested with the sove
reignty of it, but as a fief of .Prance. ' iThc
ostensible motive for the erection of this new
power in the heart of Italy, is to succour the
French garrison in the Island of Elba, i.nd to
provision it when necessary.
April 5. The last Paris papers sayJHtt.
an attempt is meditaled s; gainst Gibraltar, in
which case the Spaniards expect lb be aided
by a secret understanding with the 'garrison.'
The French Ambassador M. Krone, pre
vinus to his departure from Constantinople,
communirated jritfre Reis.Entndl tiiecopf
of ho"te, rhich the Minister Talleyrand
had addressed to the.Ttirkhh Envoy at Paris.
The note expresses astonishment at the re
fusal r:f the Porte to recognise the. Emperor
Napoleon, as France had at all timts beep
the friend and faithful ally of the Ottoman
Empire. Notice is also taken of the causes
which have operated this refusal ; stating a
mong others that there exists in the Turkish
ministry a faction, whose views and conduct
are directly opposed to the true interests of
the empire, that this faction had constantly
evaded the 'advantageous propositions mart
on the part of France; and had sought by
every means' to strengthen the connection
between the Forte and a certain power. It
also states that the present conduct of the
Porte,, contradicts the general dignity of its
' character, in thus submitting, without cause,
to a foreign dependence.
The answer ty this communication was by
no tnfans satisfactory ; the Reis. Effendi de-
"dared, that In refusing to recognise the' Em
peror Nopo'eon, ' the Turkish government
had acceded to the wish of other powers.
Gottf.xbcrgh. March U. Letters re
ceivtd from Lv.beck to day, confirm the ac
counts brought by the lust post, that French
troops occupy all the villages round that city,
and that not a waggon or cart with goods is
permitted to come out of it. The object of
this it is said, is to stop all English commo
dities. Great fears are enti.-rtained, that it is
not the only one, but that contributions will
the, several states fitseticfs.rcndcri:d wiiJjDLjfctlilici has already
j M?p;Sies furnished the United States in the ), given m a psrt tflhe rfebt. Itmstome
.1 ' . Uie tx'VAlntionsry war with Grcst-nritain th-t the 'jfmlrman's conr.lusmn does not na-
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si tu-jdly fulbwths premises which he ht sts
j ted.fur if it emil.l, under any circumstances
ue CtMisi'lered St a dfclictmn nr public faith
to extinguish th-f hUnres, it cannot at this
Mjtsachvtcilt, ,1 tim !i f nnhtcred the lets merely n the
SoUh-CaroKjia ;i pmunj of the lf;ila!ure luvinr hcrt'ofore
Iiicn in'o an crnir on the u!irct. 1 he fact
i. that Congress did in ?00, puis a taw for
This report vm made on the 3th of Dcxem
Ter, 1793. The whole amount of the ba
lances due from the debtor states, and now
proposed tn be extinguished is 3 517,.. J dol
hrs. NeW'Ilampihtre,
RVi1e-U!amt, N'ew-Ierscr,
an! Georgia are creditor states New York,
I)e .-f re and North-CarolinA dtblnr st.ites
In . li ammtnl. itm nitiM ilil.i Kullml. i rtniinSnvllintiitinrpt nn rot ItiUn i,.i
incretleJ in the question. The conimis ' debtor !s!e woul I pay into the treasury tf
doners were men of Integrity and talents,
and their report met with a general acquies
cence at the time when it was made. The
state of N'ew.York has actually paid a Isrce
sumtowatds her balance and some of the
other debtor Mates have cxpnsmy recgn
iic wnncu .iaic uy Riven perinsi me a
miunt of the sums ? hkh had been assumed
hv the United States, of their rt pective Mate
debts prior to the settle menu Hot. sir, at Ihe
time ttt passing that law, and rrcrsinre 1 have
If Cnns'ider,!:! it in the nne nolntnflU'fit f 1
red the settlrment. It is now proposed lo j do the r vdnimn bclore you, and therlnrt
eitinuihthelslanres by a mers aet of pow. ! cannot admit that as a tircumttsnee in favour
tri snJ Congress are almost equally itividtd j of the rcsoli'ios. Thit prnvisipp h1 now
on the question. .Were It not that a large a ;j ev'rrd. without belnie embrstfd ly snyof
numbcrofrtpresentativfsconti'ler thes'stfs : the dehtot states, except In that which has
they represent as interested, and wcte it not j" been dme hy the state of Ncw.Yotk, In fur-
tht sitne men -oeis a wonderful fafuliy A tifvim her pons and birbrs. If the state
t mkioi? any rjutstinn whatever a party one, j; of Delaware had thought proper la hste com.
this equal division of the nstioiial legislators "plied with this liberal prniSen, she mr,M
on 1 Mibjccl to simple, would appear to a f sc. j hsv e Keen dirHrfjl from a debt if 00,003
di lobiiner iirurtnuntabte. lesnnot better - dollars fr 60,000 doihrs. but It sm itsit
us iiriv iiinmn 10 a pattiti pay
1
ill'istrst the r.atnrc and merit of the settle,
rornts snri theirresistable stttnihofihtar.
punieMs agilntt tke estingutshmfni, than
lv snhjoiiiicgrn estrsrt from the able sprrc h
men!. 11 tht balance should be eitinruUhr J
n tht principle that tht aculrmr nt was un.
kst, which Is tht on!? trnnnd taken In f
of Orn. Vamtim.nf Msssachusetts, upontha M ol their eatingnUhmrnt, I im apprehensive
Ti e or!innnee wklth psssd tre rl.J ; mort fivourlte abject. I mean Ihe tttln
Cpnjrjts in l"47,suihoriii?5 the ttuktttnt t (niilrncat ofihitln(rs dvie to tt, c redder
with thewishen of the Catholics mirit ncces
sarily end in the repeal of the Test and all
the acts ih.t RlTrct Prodcstant DisentersV
Our first account, which some foreign ad
vice inconsiderately contradicted, ha been
proved lo be correct, and Huonrpafte l as
added the title of King of Italy (o that of
Emperor or France. The Italian Consult
of State, and the Deputation of t"ic Italian
Republic headed by the Vire-Prrsi.ler.t Mel
i, proceeded in great state to the Ti nillc.
.lies on fhe 18th, where Ruonnparte received
them sealed on hi Throne, and surrounded 1
1y the Princes or hit House, biid the great
tffirersof tthte,
M. Mrlii then at'drrssed him in a short
pt ech, in whitli he pronounced a condem
nation of the Constitution which had been
given to the Italian Republic a ccnsituiion
which ic considered as the inere creation Sc
creature of circumstances ton fcihle lo he
permanent or respeciabJe. He then n - in
Itlin the resolutions passed by the ConsjJ.
Ij, in which, after declaring the Government
of the Italian Hcpiiblic an Hereditary Mo
narchy, on - the same principles as those
sihich constitute the govcmmtr.t of the
- French Empire; they declare Kipcdeon Buo."
nspsrtetiing of Iialy, and the throne here
ditary in his direct and legitimate mlc des-
centsnti, natural or adoptive. ' Tlu-ydtilare
likewise thst the Crown of Italy can only be
united lo the Crown of France in his person t
inuini.,noiuiurc r.mperor ol j-ranee shalUt
the sanse lime be King ofluly. At the same
time wiilst they t;tte him the right of resign,
inj the crown and tnsming kit successor dur".
in? lis life-time, they express their opinion
that he cannot make use of it without com
ptomitting the aaTily, integrity and indeper,.
denca of the state, so long as the French ir
mics shsll occupy the kingdom of , Naples,
tht liutiiji ptmiti Corfu, end the Briiith Mel-
tat end 11 Unw at the ptniniuU rf Italy tha'Ut i
mtnatti vilh bang maJt rvtrj moment the JSelJ
of fat tit fthe grtttst r$rr$ in F.urcfe.
Ilunr.ipsrte nrcrpting the prnlferrd crown
with great willingncs, reminded Ihe Consul
ts of the benefits he had conferred on them,
and, acknowledging that the sepirslion f
tht crowns of Itsly and France might at "pre
sent be fll to the existence of the former,
consented to keep the crown till the moment
should arrive In which he should he ahle to
place It on a yme hind, wha shall ton.
tionc my work, and he rcatJy to sacrifice his
life tolls happiness of the people, over whom
Providence, the Constitution, and MY will
shall have cilled him to reign."
Repairing from this mockery at the Thuil
Itrics la his Senate, flu inspirit wis there
ksraugeed by M Talleyrand, who, In much
the iimt stsle as the Duke of Buckingham
hsringed Kirhsrd tht Third, enumerated
the f i m tnd argMtncrds that should in lac
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ire
Y
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St
llec
It L A VL. T, , .
jtmrcn i ne itoiuone Hoiina nave a
Cain began to venture into the outer rosds.
The day before yesterday about 150 of their
.gun-boats find large praama made their ap
pearance in the outer roads, where ihey prac-
-tised same-mai ceuvrcs, but took especicl
rare to keep under the protection of their
batteries. There appear to be 2000 vessels
bf different sizes in Boulogne harbor.
Dial, MarthQS. I.'Inimoitalite quitted
her station lately at midnight, with scaled or
tiers, and which orders w ere sn Hidden, lhat
csptain Owen was called out of bed, and ihe
ships on tht station ordered to supply him .
from their own stores with four months pro
vision, and every other necessary. Sotuuch
good speed was used on this occasion, that
Limmortshie sailed at day break. The ge
nerally received opinion here is, that this
frigate ordered to cruize in the trick tf the
homeward bound Spanish galloons.
UOSTON, May 7.
By capt. Nash, from Halifax, we have
been favored with the following account of
the'iialand condemnation of the briir llan-
:p.n3
ic;ses
us
iks rf
Tht Jhpty Couple, T, If. Sterj, master.
This case was lately argued and decided
in the court of vice admiralty at Halifax,
upon two vtry important points t The one
concerning the armament of American
vessels the other respected the right of
carrying contraband srticles to those psrta
of St. Domingo ttnder the dominion of what
Is now called the Empire of Hayii. The
brig Happy Couple sailed from New. York
in the month of October last, ccmpletcly
armed and fitted for. war, ...with . a cargo
consisting chiefly of gun-powder, bound to
the ports of Gonaives and Port-au-Prince
She had under convoy two schra. the Darts
and the Ann, both of which had alio gun
powder on board, Iwutid to the iimt
ports, and both of which were armed
vcsseli. The three vessels sailed under
the following instructions from their own
ers :
'The rspfiinsVfhnth thercl rt.tisvt erdera
lo follow your directions as to the route of ihe
piiiage, and to obey such signals as jotl
may, in the course thereof, give for their npMets
government, either in sailing, or in case of tel. Coast
your and their having recourae to arms in , F-r ir'd
defence of your persons and the property
committed to your charge and the protection
of your tuns, which we consider aocemr.
tent lo the security of all your little squadron,
that neihin but some unforeseen mUfor
tune, or had management in case of action,
r separation (which we think, with care,
istobt avoided) as to render the risk ve
ry, small indeed but in cast tht latter
should happen, we hae appointed Turkav
island as tht place of rt&dcxtoui, indtW
;tictS
tfc K
irwetery
.eLort?
ril
ow-Fetrr
ie United
)istrees
lat.kt
oqusrto
it Vellum
rg.
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