w.
1
ft " '
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Vol. Ifj
. RALEIGH, MARCH 16, 18 09i.
. No.r2Q. : ,
kHMrj y, at ntscfrin or Faiett-wiUR-STar,
xeak Casso's coaHfck Paux
! - TlUI. JJoLlAir ru AKt'M, PATAflLR HALF
. ' VtAKLT l ADfXKCSlVM.E Pireft. 10 Ckxts.
J.
. -.UNITED SI VTES..
Ccnress.l:
't.iVp?tiX'fBlicounsE. .
;D E BA-tE
' "t Wioik to trik out Uxe.l3th section.
. -"''.(ptxTtnvzB.)
, ,-. Jt?jjppE.. : Ntr. Spiraker As it is
r r diotvery frrquenily to vote in ihr
and 1 may be rqualljr unfortunate in
r on the present occaioot I risir to bf-
.e House some of the reasons which
vern m in ihe course I expect to pur
' ' aubjectr V I - voted , against , the a
t . proposed- by the gentleman from
.v .nia (Mi. Milnor) and I expect "to
"1st the amendment now proposed bv
!inan from Gtorgla (Mr. Bibb) with
,Vrt(V vote forv ihe;amendnjent of th;
iian mm South Carolina (Mr. Willi
x :Uidl the'8econd amendment, of th" gen
t'i fromr Pcnnsv Ivania (MrifMifncr). J
' vot for the bill tinder consideration,
sjre' jt may be o modified as to prevent.
f ossibtej the ruin and disgracpof my coun-
J? r-nr expert rote flrr this bill for its
'a'r s Vrijf for, I anf totcry,weH pleas,
i iv.' system.; byt'I 'have long thought,
l.ihin if: thi? j ReveVaacts laying an
y.i a all QhsV4't'8iie.Is in the ports
' boars jofllie. United Siatcs are nevet
id until we are 4 all pleased with what'
tncn'cU a substitute lor the embargo,
ltitry vtiii be ruined, tinder the upera
f iU rneaKrev whkfi so1 muih resern-
Vifl4i'5,J clock it never can Operate as
'niTe F,.c0ercvonp6nlTthe "European
1 f 4'escrjoe$ the'dotlt a most ex
ibrmed in all "Its1 parts' but for tlie
,ci'c oji fo i" tit jrx W th eteyei til parjs to e ach
v i co- !d hot le puf itj' motion. !Just so
fju" e ' , : ,Vf hough its advocates repre
' ' . , . liil macKine-calculated to pre-
' "'"d Interest of the country,
"mitytp the i habits jof the A-
Uo the present situation of
,-.t, cl,jot be executed to ad van
th pdiffer in political sentiment,
' t, ' estly differ, I deem a spirit
solately necessary for the
... . ".4 "country. I feel willing to
v.enrw ; who differ from me in senti
ievf discover a disposition in
lor sd O. 'iffAndil think ' it is time
K.adjid l.tnat ; j)Ian which will be least
, W i : fcoifipn of the American peo
cr tli.u;' jt-jjrrBentattVes. tJrider these
fesscnvafpect to vote for this bill as
. ef aCle-! tJ Jytf&-i embargo system If thj
-n(lrtventprpcsed by the gentleman from
th, CaroIiJPi rkl Pennsylvania are adopted,
JfeV le'ihaj ''derive some benefit from
VsystemAhd should it fail in producing
; eip'ected good,1t certainly, will be procluc
v2 of lss e'vil thjp the embargo; it will par
illy. rCatiSre bar' almost ruined commerce. -dr
hmfeyert ntlemen may difft r from me
vthis iiibject of cowrnerce, I consider it a
St !"citemeit'.;to indusiry ; a source from
. tiiVrrcfi'defive, most of their opulence j
thepopf ''derive : many of te necessaries
e j :andgentlemen all acknowledges it to
.at? source: frdhi whith we derive the whole
ourfireybnuffo prove th s positions I
1 call the attention ol the House to the com.
rtial : prosperity of the nation under the o
ratiotv pf the treaty of '94, called JayJs trea
.V This 'treaty ha3 been represented as ru
ns and disgraceful Such weregthecla-,
jrs against iftthat I confess I disapproved
. it atur?Jf but under its operation we "were
' iappy and a prosperous people. - By refer,
''jjee to th'e several report$ of the Secretary of
Treasury,' I perceive our. customs arising
tn imposts sand tonnag during the four
' prior tc the adoption of that treaty,
U. I 'fiVHi79"i"txA our lustoms ar,iing
S - ' - rv--v-v ' : ' f X "
from the tame; source thctfirst four yeara un-
ucr uic operauon-ot ta treaty, averaged
S 9,720,198, and the last four year, averagtd
12,340,491, and1 our, exports iicrcasei jn
the" same proportion and we . encreased as
last In individual as national Wealth: Yea.
sir, under the operation -of that- treaty, pur
larmcrs were toauceU to cultivate the soil," nd
their industry wis. rewarded i our. teamen
employed , in navigating the ocean, and our
canvass whitened every sea. United at home
and respected abroad, we held the secood
rank among the commercial nations of th
earth. But these privilerei', thouch ereatt
trifling when compared with such as
were to De procured by a new system, and
wnvn m i hu, i-ora iiarrowby, the then Bri.
tish minister, proposed to renew.-that treaty
it was rejected. In 180o a partial oon-im
portaiion ac was passed to exclude many artU
cles of.-British manufacture from our ports-r-
inis was to compel the urtttsh lion tn admit
ttie-American eacic td' an eaual narticination
in whit gentlemen call the great highway of
nauons. nen mis , plan, so promising' in
tneory, tailed in practice an embargo was ad
ded -this was to compel not only the cavern
meut of England, but the enlightened govern-
ment ot f ranee to yield to tis m a state otdtff.
nified retiremenf, what they refused to grant
us whfle pursuing ouf usual course of honest
industry. Sir, what Jiis . been the cpnse
quehce what have we Pained bv this method
ot dignified resistance X I am.c?rtain if the
cr.izens of the United States were to be con-
-ulted, and were to compare the political bles
sings we enjoyed underhe treaty, with this
poticical (what shall call it ?) curs; to which
ive have been 'exposed under the operation
the embargo 'syslrm -they would no hesitate
h minute, but would decide in favour of such
a treaty. :-';-
But We are tol ' by the committee of exteri--ur
relations we must have abject and derra-
dingsubmission or war with both England and
f ranee, or a continuance arra enforcement At
thi einbarjro or nreseht RUSDefision of com -
.tierce. And as the first cannot reouire anv
iidcussion, and the pressure of the embargo
is so sensiblv' trlt that the country cannot ot
vill not much longer submit to the privations
ji this system, gentlemen exclaim, whaOs
to oe dme f Has toe nation no honour i
maintain. Yes, sir, I hope shef has; I hope
we' stilt retain some ol our national honour,
but I trust in God we never shall make ai.n.
the
oning our rights. I shall perhaps be old Wt
ave not abandoned our rights ; this system is
not an abandonment, but a suspension I Sf .out
rights. Be it so, Mr. Speaker, for although
I conscientiously consider it "an a1andonmeni
of our rights, I believe the advocates of the
measure consider it only as a suspension.
God grant that their expectations inihis mav
be realized ; but I fear it will happen other
wise. But gmtlemen exclaim, how are wt
to avoid degrading submission ?, I hepe sir.
that we shall do it by adopting some other
mode of resistance than retirement. I hope,
sir, we shal) abandon or modify this system.
and resume Utt navigation Or the ocean, and
convince the world we do not intend to aban
don our rights.
I am as anxious to maintain the honour of
the nation as anv gentleman on this floor ; but
1 subscribe to the. position, that in an agricul
tural and commercial republic, honour and in
terest are convertable terms.' I believe, sir,
that our honour is our interest, and our Inte
rest is our honour. 1 am confirmed in this
belief by gentlemen who profess to differ from
me upon this subiecr Sir, our actions out
weigh our vords, and while genttemen from
the south and west, whose constituents are
cultivators of the soil, exclaim against a repeal
of the embargo as disgraceful-,' - they- sav the
duty demanded by the British government
must be paid by the growers or produce aud
that the carriers will receive full freight and
gentlemen from the north and east, whose con
stituents, many of them commercial, others
sea-firing men, urge the repeal of the embar
go, because it deprives their" constituents 'of
commercial find nautical profits. These ar
guments prove to me that different habits and
pursuits produce diversity or sentirner.t but
that we all consider honour- and interest con-
vertible terro.. f'.I tor one disclaim any
share in that honour, which is contrary to our
interest nor dp Iwislto' see, our national
concert) governed by Jth taws of chivalry,
and - see nations, like imprudent individuals,
destroying each other without the prospect -of
gaining any thing buta premature and inconsi
derate death., f y ';: , , -fK. - :f)
: But gentlemen enquire do you not prefer
--j i--ci - . ' . :: .i
war jo uisgrnceiui uurmssion I :t x es Birt 1
do prefer war to submission-ur l ever Wve
preferred, and yet prefera cancUdjT atull; and
friendly, explanation- , to the honour of dvinsf
like Aboer, as a folfleth!'rhey;Ka-
sons I am for andther attempt at negoclatioa.
And as this atmpt, however hontst and '. sin
cere it may be on our part, may fail, I am for
adapting some method to unite the American
rx-opte.' . And although, this bill, should the
amendments proposed by the gentleman from
South Carolina,' and the gentleman from
Pennsylvania, be adapted, it not just what 1
prefer, for I am decidedJy in favour of repeal,
mg the whole- embargo ' and non-impomtion
svhtem, and for permitting our merchants to
arm in their own defence, if is the best terms
r expect tdjgct, and I am for accepting of iu
And, should the- attempt at negotiation fail,
and it prove, necessary, I wo'u!J then prepar
io earnest for-war I would prw'ceed to" vindi
cate the horiouf of the nation and rrpe! force
by force ! The'n.iir, we shall have nothing to
fear. The, br4v but, jieaceable citizens of
the United State's, when convinced of the jus
tice and necessity bf such a war, will unite as
a band of brothrrs, ao tu support' the embar.
g party, nor the" federal' party', bill as free
Americans to vindkte the honoueof the na
tion, and maintain "our. rights, and transmit t
posterity the rights and privileges which our
lathers lought. and bled, to procure for u.
Hut theare not so fond of war as to prefet
that conrse, when they understand that these
!vilege9 coukl have been secured by a treaty
tie.'ievingth'ts to be the desire and the interes
of. mv constituents, and bf the majority of the
tiiiitos oi every portion or me union, a, am
jr pursuing this course -I an for makintr this
oiu as perfect as possioie in ortier to satisiy
the citizens in evtry:portion of the union.-
Some gentlemen represent it as disgraceful to
vieia to tne clamours or murmurintrs ot the
people But I consider it the dutv of the re
presentativeS to repeal ajav whenever', it it
known to be enntrarv to the wishes of the'peo-
pic. out gentlemen cu us tnis system is not
displeasing to the people, that notwithstanding
til that has been said upon the subject they u
not believe it they do not believe the people
disapprove ofUhe embartro,. Sir; unbelief ha
ruined many, and 1 do awfully , fear it will be
our rum I am certain It will, if .we persist
mucn longer in tu
'Ji..' FEBitUAUY, 24.
ilr. u. K. Wiiliams moved to strike out
ht part oQhe law relating to. non-importation
;.-.t i j. el j- .
iu. insert a provision lor uiscnminaiing au.
fies. He - rose to rescae-himself froinan
inputation of intejiding indirectly to har
to th bilU; If U wcrif continued long ther ; ' '
would be no occasion for employing a -com4 .' . .
mittee to enquire what disposition h3u!d baa " '
made oF the turptut money io the treasury -' T " f"
He was in favour of Mr". WUliama amend- . " t ,
ment ts tending to increase rere nuej to pro T - , ".
mote union and ; secure he Kappines's Vf x4 t i '('
United States. Ir. Slja spoke mure. thaa'.
half an hour. - . $ ; J ." -;y "r;1- ' '.
jMr. Lyon also spoke against the non-inte r ;
coureytem and in faVer vf Mr.' Williams'
amendment at some length.' -.Mr.' - Lvbn" watV ' x:' '
opposed to the HJU,' as tending to "destroy-re '."'J - T
venue and navigation ;Hecvr had wantttV .
a substitute for the etnbargo,one evil for ino
ucr i oui ratner man continue me rmoargo
he would' takVsuth amodificaMon of this till
as that pYepo'sed by Mr. Williaraa," or even tho'
bill itself. The former plan tn'ght be ter.1-"
tiveDn G. Britain, whilst tha non-iritercourso.-: -X
would be vholljr jneflkieBb-'.-, ' "v .'
.Mr. Taylor best a poke on the aubject. It ?, ?
considered the biir.tipon the table not to havo -the
tnerit of resistance j it was submission to 1 V'
wade? in the track pointed out by the order lit i-vV " -J
council."' And yet gentiemcn saidey wotikl V" 'J'
notsubmit. Could' gen demeb .' iodereVvo
'hemsclves as not toVee that thev were1 in fact" "ft4; - ''
Uubm'ttting to Oie BritTsh orders . in council f .ft v
U was a surrender of the navigSon'dfthei r ' '
wWrld'tp'Gl Britain ; it made heir ttij: t carrier K
ofourproduce.v T hat this wa thtr!ect'4ould
not be toncealedv Itwas'wbndef'J that,"l'.ko V.r; .
Uie" ostrich, hiding its head !?d supiritho '
while bdyiai oiV sightgentf'rpen-h4Vitd(j ; Jt:ij..
thrusttheir headsinto a bunch of brambVs;,
nd suppose" thit theyhid"th? effect' J:c;f tlii, J t' -' J
system. -'Gentlemen said thatth't wpult hot v'X
legalize trade toGreat Britain'uncle'r th'.ii.';::V
Jeri n council 'at Itht'sae
aathorise a trade wdth herthrough tbVdenbt-l Il
,ht circutMr of the . voyage only .Widtng io Vf
oencfit of CT Britain, by ivWg her - th' - & 1 u
carriageof our produce. Might not Swedii?-5fer-.
an J Spain tpo went a liijtle profit, since mono'U" -poly
was the order ofih dayyantllmposelu;-, ;
er attempt t maintain our hojiouf bv aban frass the bill by this amendment because he
mtenaeu eventually to vote against it. We so
lemnly abjured any such an intention. Any
member who would at this tfme make such R
motion with a view to embarrass the proceed,
ings of the House, would deserve a halter.
Perceiving that a large majority of this House,
was determined to repeal the Embargo and nut
to fight, he h id tjfcen induced to offsr to the
House that which, to his understanding, ap
peared the best plan that had been presented.
Mr. V. off red many reasons agxinst the non
ntercourse bill amongst others, that, instead
of being coercive, it Avould operate as a pre
mium to the navigating interest of G. Britain j
that two years continuance of it ""would be
worth millions to G. Britain ;hat it also in
jured the agricultural interest of this country,
laying additional obstructions on the salr of
its produce that it seemed as though, lest the J
v.-,y ouwuiu ucueve uic cinuiirgo was a wise
measure, they were about to - pursue the very
course which would prevent the peojde from
receiving a conviction of its protecting policy
Fhe com se'which he proposed would at least
prevent this evil, by practically demonstrating
to the petple the effect of the orders in coun
cil and decrees, which were the causes of the
embargo, . , , . '
Mr. S loan regretted that, this deceptive
measures was proposed nominally contempla.
ting a repeal of the embargo, but whtchbifid
produce little bro benefit. Het described
the body politic to be labouring under atiis
order as an individual with a dreadful cancer.
When h beheld the situation of this distress
ed country, he felt it his .duty agaiu to address
the House, and call their attention to the re
medy. Instead of the inveterate , passion for
war with the belligerents, which existed in a
part of the house, he. recommendetf r another
species of war --a war against the' passions, in
which though no friend to war, he had no ob-'
jec.tion to engage as a volunteer. Heaprreed
winj tneN gentleman trpra a. that -if tins hid
passed it would be "just what the court ' of Q.
Britain would-wish, : Mr. SUjan said he
should proceed in iis remafls without 1 any
fear pf falling uiider thf late substitute for
common Iwiu'fafand ftatiefi'fii& tho'
he wgs promised va ! full . suit , of' homespun
from jxcad to. foot. bv some heroes b PhilaL
delphia, and although he as well accjuainted
with the power" and disposition of the.i-xecu-
ues at the entrepots illt vfas a grcaobletV' '
CiOfj to this'systera tco'ihat it, cVjld "vpbt , ,o'v1 tv'J
mair.taiued ; and hec'aleci pon.tie JXdus ;
not to take a position fikeifciBwhic
rs might be obliged to abandon -wuhfP
. -France and"; England' dould see a' ;.'
urselvet that -the svRte tii cohW Wr,t ' '.
successors
disgrace.
well as ourselves that the aystehi could Sot 'oaf
maintained f and if they shburd accumulats
injuries on bur.headsthe sinews of wareniff -iAJ
relaxed, we' should not be ina situation ffec -li i
me- all Ad
vantages intpth , band0f .tisiCrihi'lst
France was deprived - of Siny '. -fny-tj
- u- " . . i'!vjjjin'ii .ii.iltT - - w "
vAkiujiuu jiifiii ft icni.ri nnrrs iti, . . - -i
wouia be severtiy lclt by the planter o tottda e ';
fir besides the'joss of imarkjetrsuWapro
portion of the crop, ; the trhlttinsrof th-RrVVUli v
. -
market with so large a-surplus wrvicl idepreci
vaiue cntjrmousiy ne caued xtpen gen-
. lit-.:!
pitmen iii a. at mis nmeto give-amoncfooiy: .to-"- ;,
Britain at our own expence, ' 'Desivbua o.- -. -equal,,
justice to "both; nations, aibjatdl
fight them, and to dp '.'equal iustice WnurycIvoiM vl-? V 1
s a as a measure 'ot . rYia.tance ..-.
benefit our Imerchanis'idnrfeUMeii
'' '.Mr., rsijoke about halfan hourf
and not to follow the very hieandTinVsf ih
orders, in councils he wa ojpfsVd it tlieVbk.1'
He also ibjectedto the pbrasVoifigv ofje fcU t&t
G. Britain, and France; M&:ite& Je&ti
dencies." ' Who -was to iudire what hr!..t. - t ;:
were dependencies 7 . Wheth-T did the trVni
include Holland, Spain. Pbrtuirrdf In retatibn . ;
to Mr Williams's am?hdmetil lve xbrisideredl 1
which would .Increase pyr Jenu and byp,
-r .... i., .v. nii.vic3v vi-uir-oeiiiiref,
. t iuiu ic wctcer inao anv otner svs
tem propo
would
treasury
; -. Mr. Gholson said that thtfhill cm- the1 table w-ijp
vas not a favdurite .plin"- witHjhlroV'lidt as 'hiti?
should probably, vote r jhe
cue it from some of the" Imputations caon it,fT
(Messrs. Taylor " and DJ: RJtWtitikitifhi
auvocauu uie resolution reported by the cbm-;;
.v.-i,i(v.iwimi4. uiuuuBiiiir univcrirr ' - t
plan. As to the argunlent that this bill bbert
ated to carry into effect thfi i Jorderj Tin council Vt"
the same, odjectioti jmieKt m he aainT aiahhe.' "11
be made to theembatgo syste of. which bot;
inose- gentlemen weretwnuousuppprtersV-fi
This anruihettbeforeXiTd nOeiirh Ha v tt
ticturuuiac we suomitlea to tiritmh. taaltnr . .r-r
by the" bill, For supposing buf produce to gO- 1
to,.tIi"ehtfepbtj' the M''aV(rjther, 'l-
purchasing it puld have to pavn Great Bri
tain theta ct our jroducu: deadoeTortbft.v.is
cpntirieotnstad orpuirpay
way tnereiore -wedtdAOl as.dirtsCtly come tin- . 1
der the .operation, of the orders ' ie cottacil, a 1
by tradingdir ect td Great Britain.7 tVas there fe' H
any vmrrican wno wmtid te willing to relume ryJ-fW
4, '..I T
I our" usual ; intercourse 2with' th lllfrJvt. .
lives of aorne states to scVetn , offender from I while fcl. the1 :blak Catafbgue: of our ji.juriea
punishujent. Mx.S..!t yc.tlu abri
. , - .-.I t' - ,.
"X