Volume i
e f, the friTeman from
. 1 r; 1 j an
i wr-p b .lev-! any obligations, wish it.'- If irdeed thr- rer :
embargo i uji precede jr.i an had her ft in 'fjvtur ! tae oeaurt ' u- '
M kr, anj n-w denouncr suca a measure as'oplnion miti! r.ave hl rrtt ips: jete.; i t ,
' ie arui destructive ci the t est interests, as to the taxes, tt wouia te rrcuiieete.'.iL.n
..- y-ropJc or those t v';cve with ' Vie (there u distinct ret. lutif.a'that ias s
claratvon cfVar j letters of marque and re
prisal.-' He had no iileu of fixing the harthenj
of taxes Vp-a th? people, uqVm it Was for the
purpose " of auppcrtirp' a war tb .maintain i
their 'wn fights and independence' ;Hft dtd
not 'wonder therefore at theuggestibn of the
gentlemao'jhat. the' tlxts fought 'to bej laidj
which would be auother theme of complaint
and denunciation. . ' When war ia ; declared,
taxes wiil he laid, if ru-cejsary, aod;. nut with
out; A government which cannot,' protect;
itself and its citizens from outran 'and plun
der J does not deserve the name , and freemen
who.will net. fight for their rights do b'ot de
serve to enjov1 -them. f 7- J ' '
k Mai RANDOLPH rose to explain. He must
have been misunderstood by the gentleman from
Kentucky when he supposed him to have, express
ed an trtrwil'lngr.ess to see a cUahkje effected in the
administration of thjjoVemmcnt He, certainly
1 . . 1 - I . r . . t 1 rr -A I k t
nan noc exprcssca iiimseu ro cucci f nc naa
. ... ri:..,i r- i '.. ' . r i. . !
in the habit cf making secret of his political epf
nions) ' he could $V.arcr.!yc6ne-ive of my change
whid,. would' not be for th betters since in.his'
judgment the.iff.ars of tbi. cctry, (whatever be
the object bf our policy whether . wr or peace)
couldjnot , have, been more miserably conducted
tharijtrwy bad been since the 4th of November List,
ft was not t the change, but td the means by which'
it seamed likely to be brwight about, that Mr It.
aystematicairyand ?t;this very moment this to the ricular means and not the objecfihafe"
; - system voi rfaest,rucuon, is conunuta wnn a nad expressed disliM- He did not Vuh tn
; ' "'perseverance Aat' astonishes any mind, and change efletterfbytha; 6pprosrons and exactionsof
. 'which pays ho heeil to Vern'OnsWanceto jus be government Jt'selfwhich sh6uld erolot'y nd
brim into nower a lone denressed ratv wit!i all its
rcseiiuncni or m anoxner nrsrnpuon jn.
or operation. He had ncr wish to see a
m tT "Snfr Mnn'r LT,.v - icnange ornognt ai w means Ukc He de-
;.,('. -w - ii " lurecBico wnaiever mic-nt'contnome -to-.noonsn a
'SV' wouia resist, ana save tne Tignts, me
V' , ; lionor and' tEe indepehdence.of the people or
be buried in the ruins of their pverthrtw;
aniaieO S, end who continue .of the should be L"d uhtil a drcltaiionfwar lt
is known to, sU that jhetsJe prponee'-rfre
war taxes; and a war taxe th-y ren.n. In
their proper pac?; in rwmrnl ;n tf the.cnm-
miuee ci ways ana iueo., . sit. j. sua, u
the bill for laying the?; taxes ,wa bt fire the
Honshe woufd not vote t r them, urtu a. dr.
U",. . icun to mis moment, anu wno nave
tLtuul.y made the tx,-rimcnt recomraended
Ly the gentleman himself. jNLr.'.J. saiJ-he
1 ul aJ verted to this circumstance on account
t f the clinrge hkh"hadbeen made upon those
' v. b had vuted for the-embargo, . ...I :
N - It was said bv thi same c-entle man. 'that
. ru.r jmceedings rerr.i :dcd him of tne days of
, 53, UC Jle would here .again tnquire
of the gentleroan'how it happened that he was
in r .st casej found acting with those 'very!
. j;t !,:.emen who approvea tne measures oi V8
V, .v.i d not with" those who disapproved them ?
The people have a right of cultivating their
.'" farms and. sending' tKelr produce' to foreign
markets, .This Tight has been denied and as
","r - tailed, and at this moment it remains destroy.
tL. Oiif learhen" havJS . Vightto pcrsooalH
: Lerty and security upon our shore and in our
merchant vessels- These rights art "violated
and thousands of our' fellow-citizens are wan
' . tonly impressed in the service. ; , ITie i, union
jr f the states is the ark of our safety from fo-
', xei-n" e'ae'mtcl -anti' domesriS traitorti The
T Jnte grity ?f thes states has teen attempted j
d mest',c .wanquility has been j aimed at, that
N. ' it (u.t be succeeded by a ci?il'ivar' v'.The
U. states have jurisdiction in tneir owa wa-
V' ters,', This jurisdicticn has been despised, de
. . bed, ,aoq, the Jay violated., 4 he . frontiers
i ii' a'fe thinly ''settea.fand'.mosifv ? with hcTpleat
families of men', women and children.'' These
? v," are murdered bv tlie. Indian hatchet and Bri
'r t:sh influence,, and no right tan be mentioned.1
"c , worth havinij, that hasJ not been '-; assailed di-t
recuy or inairectiy not accidentally nut
Ciation. Under this view of ,thc subject, :he'c!:;M,Ku,
r A Thnn Id hnt consul danWraTflnd liiatarda .tW ! f",lTiSUT
v. lie said, he Was reminded, of the declaraJ
w xions oi muse who were unirrenaiy q repuo
:- Inenqs ot despotism and privuedgea orders,
;f altected to believe, that a republican govern
, - incut euuiu uui caisi .uai, y irapracuca
J" ; Ue,' that' the 'people would notsupport Iheir
f o v , riKhlsthat they could toot be trns ted--thal a
?Vibrep'ul)lican;oTernme
S; tvilfof the eople, Was tooV weak ' tocnjehd
l n'with, a monarchy. 'S fIe;JbeieVcd suchf send-
vrhents a libel aga
.' , v fiarticularly the i American gbternmentv tli
'JA-i eved a,' republican ;- gey ernnlfcnt "waT the
;J5stronjst on earth f od suthVas' opinion
)f the illustri6us Jeffetsqnt drae ? the grt at
, .."est and best men on ear tW He inwftSe peo
S V'ple were ready, able and IwiiUngtto'defend
".r t "their rights and maintain tReir' indeplendenee
v i, . i' . jkut caicuiawons uhvc ucen maue, oy ine
if ntleraan from Virginia,: (tq jho flultjCe
i j i ' rtf"t"ii' mharcoJ aaf to ttie' nrii" of ahV .'ttrnL
t u. ...w. - OTf. .7- , I . . . I
.aucev iiowri etc.," jiiwiu n oc. oenira, mat
1 'AfiO
I v' vthe embargo ougnt notto have pcen laid, with,
i out evident necessity J-OO OughV iny
J ; ; 'i pther 'resfrictipns'without the best'reaS'ona.
i - - - Juut because tne
embargo jiad an ipnucnceup
'fon produce, w'that alw
i f-jplicd with'double force In the ttmejiif the
revolution, when the pence upon a pound r.'f
' " ' tea was the immediate cadio' bf bnnosition to
( ts'V 'his Britannic tnaiesty; Its the &?o&tfanl''"! Hit
Isolation;' Noit was rjairtof a systenx of op.
':'-press ionwu'iM u uiuiuiruvcu mauy years
j UQtUIEj. utukt viiav nuivif iiai uctll uur
;; euea-ever since. rrincipic anq, not prom ae
'ter mined "the patriots of r tlat7day.;They
? -Ttnio-ht have bet n told of the hich nfice if nro.
. OUCc, auvj me uicssiuk? ', ptiitc, auu ine pe-
tils ot war j ana jf nccu.tney migntnave anti
inatedl the " 80,0fX) lives which . were Jost in
i X: tiiat ' greatt conflict; and - trie g 80,003,000 'of
j ifubliei.'debt, and ,he depreciitfon bf.pipprrao.-;
" aey and projieri tb the : arrjount of 100,C$0,DOQ
"y " -let dollW": (Ooref-; B'utithese argunhents Wbuld
f l fiot avail' wheit .'the aktrhatiyc. s. was political
slavery on one; hafjd, andfiberty and indepen
?A dence oh the . other Had thispolicvKoverned,
';v. i theJodepend erice of Ui e 'Uni te d States would'
i' ; as he
V U '.Ssvas'bnnosed Vio' waif if il?' could bis avoided.
" ' c and as mucH'as he valued life', "arjd he had ru-
f ,inerpUS ineuus anu cwuncctions. wmcn iraue
.l-''exi'sttiitceW valuable to Kim as; another wan
V'-stilT "Set Set a double; value' upon i.ro'i'Ke
; ': YvniM fenticibated tKat he'should' have an on
rrtunitjr before manyf Weeks of vbting'for
war or lejttersxjf marqjacafid reprisal, agaiosi
S V a nation whichV Bad attempted' for more' than
'$$Ko'yeart to; destroy the ,happinesfr and liber
fties of the pebpfe' of the-United Stat8,'and
' ; ? U 'rh6 seemed deteVminedrior; tb be satisfied
with any tKi og1: stiort of absolute" , s ub'j o gation.
-? '.ft The crentleirian frbmi Virg'nisats'the tnajbri-
: 7 ty have no sypiem y m uicy iivc.uvi oira
the taii'8 ' that if war- .Was' tfib' subjectl the
taxes ihould first belaid As the irentleman
. ) 'Avas opposed inoe; only, to t'.l preparation fof
"U-?i but to' thei way's -and'means to carrV on
'. iA-the v afi b could not'sbppose . thit his plan as
i;.'Vljrocowtftndid: iti Crity.oulJ carr
tod i long 'i the curse of the country. ' And when-,
ever it should be found; to use the language c;f the
gentleman from Kentucky (Mr. JohnsonVUift he",
was acting with tiii or that .party: indiscriminately
justifying their follies an3 their crimes, . he siiould
fdeJ hibiself oWoxious to the obscrtai&ns raade by
the gentleman fJorh Kentucky andnot, until iben,
rTb,' sir ; .(said Mr. R ) I can inform that gentleman
tat there is not a greater moral impossibility con
ceivable by hef mirid. man, than that 1 should
stand in such a' relation to &ny nart . whatsoever
1Vdebe unto thaffman, who conJghs lirniielfovi-r
f so slavish a bondage t -5.1U4 . v. '
There was one remark Made gt,he 1 gentleman
from Kentucky which he WfcuWwt wfftct t6 mis
fvdbrstand. The J?entlciti' bOexultingly said,
t$t ere thtf 90 dayshouj (ifapslPsCriose lit oppbsi
$dfa to tlie rneasufes of govcmeAwu!d be taught
td be more sjlent f that oncA fuih on the War-. I
Mr, Johnson said the geilJtluanifirbyld understmd
him rigbUy--it was to the Vort "Opposition; made
to the i loan, which In his mind-Vas Jittle Itss than
treason1, that he had applied his remarks.". , He had
io iuusion,M ine procecumcsoi mat notrae. i iir
(vutuoipn m cpiHtnuauon svki uoiq not very ;wei
understand the gentlerriarr's cxplanauoni because
he was ignorant; of the species of ,. opposition to
which tlte , gentleman referred. 'Tie1' had always
consiciereu a ipm tone voluntary thing. xie ,haa
heaid indeed of ' Joried loans, but if by a loan was
mn int a volunfai-v act on Ute nart of the lender, he
could not compreliend .the rtatUrv of an opposition
to a publit.k loin. True; he had seen it, more than
hinted by some bf those who had escaped from the
JiQsuVe of their own country in : Europe that after
war wus iicciarea an tne lorie snouiqne tarrea ana
Feathered v For jt had, been .pronounced that this
was to be a $ccon'iwavfor independence -in order
(he -supposed) tb enable the patriot , aforesaid tb
enrol their inustnoct'naiaes among those ot the
hefoesf the 'Revolution. No, t. As lonk as he
retained a aeat on 'Oasf, f.oor arid Heaven knowgJ
how lone that wilhbe e should not hesitate to ex-
fress himself with the utmost ffeedombotwltlistaiid
ng spy invidlo'upei,8bniditiesl to which it might
auujcc nun. iiBQisciaimea any auusionm tni rc-
mai fe to the gentjeman rom, Jtentucfcy.- , ,.; .
That crentlcmrri had endeavoured tb convVA hW
of the charge of inconsiatency if the Object of
Embargo ; qnoting a passage in a s'pcecH orrns" as
fr hackas "Maith 1806, Iwken the grotl'l) was first
broken which has since produced so inany , Siicces
sive' cixip r restrictive meaiures ' To such . a
Charge of inconsistency as that he should hardly
take the trouble td make a defence. ; Out surely
the gerrtlerasn woold recollect that since that oen-
od we had been under the discipline of an Embargo
t - t life. . 1 . I . f . i L . . l- . .
w "luiosi i a jiiaiiiusi ji mm n not same lepi to '
enre iUc dmbrgo Maniailf that ddse has failed in
its effect-on arty man, he Would only soy lie' was an
incorrigible subject ftoUght to be 'dealt With accord-1
ingly, bj being dismissed to the hospital oMn ura-
blest But for the last Embargo, an;. Embargo;, for
60 days prtcpariitory io war would hare 1iad' the ef.
fectbf which iyir, ..ad spoken six years , ego andj
far wbich, Uiis was ostensibly laid. , But the dcleful
experience of the Embargo of J8Q8r9; diove ihej
people one and allwhig and tpiy monarchist and;
cemocrat .ledcralut and republican tq-escape as
frcril a house on fife. ' SanDdsein'a' certain statre
oT disease a regular, physician , to-'prescybe the
virunn du' nnoi.is siyray imracs saoaia persist
in plurtging the tmhappy pauent into a cauldron
and pafb'oiling.hirti 'for, 48 'hours?-; Do- ybflk ,tttlrtki
you could ever prevail upon the .sick man (suppos
Ine him to survive the onefationlorthe nhvsician to
agree to another exhibition of the remedy Mo, sir ;
a.burtit child dfeadji the fire.,' TKe word Embargo
raven.f ' It affects all classesand descriptions of peo
ple, and allthe fruits of the earth' perish befdt-o it,
like tht desolation of those Locnsts we hcaf of.lrt
Tcnc-rifl'tv'' It is Uio tRostj'coffincnu.yui sjstcra, of
dvstiU and sCMeroctW lnveTte1 a
muitr eea of human inrentii'f At the time rt
lerrtd to l)f the gept!emn fr Vf1 V 'is fr
mrtnarvneriment had never been inAc, c ...e be
Kered) thotht or by any fcuman Uing In the orld.
The remarks made on the subject f majrity sod
t&torUi were in their character so much tike tliose
to which he bed been accustomed to listen to in the
spring of ltOO from the mrmbercf the then ma
jority that t'ley reminded him. (as wcl as other ciN
cumsUntfes which fomcd therasclrci orl. his o'ser
Jon) of old Umes. There was the same. Incessant
Ulk of the majority speaking the sentiments bf the
peopl then as nowi-aiid that tle fninoriif must
ubmitu:comhaniedi by threat br no mean! tin.
Intelligible - They were a 'contdtnt of t!eir
strength as the majority now is and with as much
reaviR, f r they laid tome system tliey would per
sist in running cou'rter to tlie public sentiment un
der the7 idea of swimming with it--and like them
these gentlemen with. aU their patriotism and ho
bout I irii!4ntrv lc,aeal will siot, beneath the wsve
of public k opinion never tb rise again, unless they
rise tinder so -ther ame. ''"' "....
You canno war with the people divided on
t subject j M. tie electifeis' ' in New-York and
N-w England sre decisive dn tha head. This Is a
different question, sir, from that ,of Alr Indepen.
den -e; it w differently brouubt on undetf dl
rent aHspKes--by different men and far other cfcun,
cils." f-IV war tfiiritU finneifiatly ttimulattd it tkii
moit.tnt jr thoe mho fuve neaped from thi Tynan,
ny or JUSTICE (as it may be termed)' erte Bri
tuh government lonf rinee the war qf, independence,
Alm6.cytiry leadinj? press in the V nited States
is conducted by persons oft hat deseriptlon--tlie tw6
leading presses in the i(y of Philadne tn he city
of tfjltimore, and I roigSt dd another in a third ci
ty, if it deserved the nsune of a leading press. This
is the dcseriDtWof persons who Tn resentment of
the wro-ojrt they have recently received from the I-
rjsh and liriasrvRovemtncnt? are, now Roaainir -us
to war-talking about Ahueriian ffpirlt the spirit of.
qwr revtfutian, and 'of rrin and feathering the
iiriet, as'tjhey have the iiialchless ' audacity, to, jerro
the whigs bf the revolution.' Let ,them beware.
I have aMtory" in my eye (Col Stuart), who will
not undergo .the . disciplino of tar and feathers
from the seeond jottnder of the. rcpublipwithout
resistance.' ';C.s'. ' ' ...
J. We way. t'allt pfwar'as we.pleas bit what ap
proximation have we made t9 H?4 We are so mtfch
the nearer to ii that mil -main reliance ouf princw
pa sti jthe Irian to raise a re venue to carry on the
wirrhaspiw-edto be" a, broken reed. We com
piiin of the embargo, and gentlemen tell us of wf:
It 13 not of war we complain but of embargo.. Ve
contend indeed that war canndt 1 waged under
present auspice Without defeut,' disgrace anddisas
ter to ourselves. We see that it will be disastrous
and ruinous but our present complaint is not f 'p
but of its precursor, its avant -courier thi Embargo.
. One gentleman has said wje hate adopted every
measure which, the situation of the ewintry requires
in case wemennt to go to war. I We . have,, not a-
dopted two of the, most important ana indispensable,
We have, not pnsied the bills for raising the supplies.
Mr; Randolph said that he Would candidly appnte
the pentlcmcih from Keritucky thaf he should have
.voted against tlie gentleman's taxVs because he was
opposed to the w.r. But this Was no apology for
the advocates ofwar. T taXes 'jjught ;to .have
been faid (if war wjs their intTOtion intitrie to
met the tpcc i in time for the proceeds to an
swer the public exigences ; since they. Could not
be prd'higuvc until bt.-least, tVel ye .months after
t'liey shall have rem imposed. 'Instead of which
a'btifthen greater in arripnnt and far more unequal
in jfs operation hafTlwn laid on the country in; the
sbarx! of an embargo, desiroyincour resources, and
Un)niMung the already small' receipt oi the. Ircar
. There is another rrcaure bne pfavocated" niost
risalous'y hy the icntlem.n from South-Catolirta
himsslf, and by hii learned and amiable colleague
wlm ustlHlly sits before him ( Mr. Cheyes4; by the J
nonoruoie ppeaKer oi tuts r tiouse, ana, ny most ot
those who have displayed the greatesf-sseal for war.
I mean measures formaritime defence and offenefc.
It Is perfectly obvious, if wb gd? ro war Wijh a cfeat
maritime power, we mut resort to measures of na
val preparation, AVe aV told of the sound being
sealed against usasit is by Danish pri-ateers un
der French orders) and how" is the seal t bo taken
otfl -By calling ou,t he militia j or,- by adding two
addilionalsSccretaries to the,Departmentofi'yBr
Tarn no navy man, si f ; but I nave, long ago de
clared and I, now repeat it, that this nation is des
dne'd to be .one of the greatest naval powers; pril.
earjhi;, Our progress lovards' this stage in my opi
nion hss&eejn, rojleriall. retarded bjftSe ..'weasures,
of our own ; gbveinmentpno' t speak in reference
particularly to the measures of Mr. Adams, who at
tempted to force the growth of b-ir "Navy prema
turely. .But if we go to war, with a( mariiime na
tion, it is absolutely necessary Vwe should have a
fleet v Yes, sir and after all i&donetowafdsfprev
paratioh for war that is now proposed, we shall bb
ju'sV'iS far from our objfecfNaif preat 'Brilaip; half
not S stbgle subject In N6rtlntertcii r , , ,
VVith. rcspjitt, tb our irade, its p'resent state may
be described in yery few words: j England .takes
all our ships bound to France' rPrimce tKkcs all our
ships wlieresocver bound, hej licensed trade be
tween us and France is prohibited or about tb lc id-
iprdicted by the united btates, nfl the unlicensed
trade is prohibited byFrahce.,, J And for this trade,
thus prohibited by Fiance and ourselves, we are td
go to war.': 1 shall hot attempt to r'urge any. argu
m'enf agahstfyar" indeed I feet ashamedt after the
masterly '.argument of my1 colleagvie , (MrShefly)
now absent on leave, towy any thine onttiti subioct.
But the buainefis on hand i$ embarigo, not war ;and"
rion ofth petition, uhquestionablfthe whole sub
ject of bwbargo comes up and is..open' for;dl'U8-
, , v v y -S" i"s rnajoniy oi uus
IIpuso frorrrttheTcommenceaitsrit of the, session to
the present time, it is rrot?my intention "toswy,, any
thing, for this rJin wasqn-Uhat f amcquajrited
with their desicjns only from their subsequent acts:
but J have ip hesitation in averrji-g that if, the '.ses
sion wastd go over, again those, gentlemen' who
(navc, iroin,- yieiyuiiif uisjwsiuon or' a .rppecv to
tlie opioiorrs of their friends, been a wept down the
current, would, make an; efficient and manly resist
tahce forlseunbonfc,''umk!ss',lt bij a very low.
some one Or two incMvltlu'als forwhom '-'J 'profess to
hare tho highest esteem, who will cot. bo glnd to
;;:..' , I . ...' :;'- ' T. ' l'1
ftoutoftheKropev4Bt tlxt have s.,:-.-the
brir of s precipice, and (iv Uft f -,'t
room ro turn," They will be f .tried !n Wlr
and will unqceUoa.fc!jr be fjund in tbe boa 'J
the pit below. ,..'.. r ,"-.- ,
'-
'.MILITARY, -if -(
ThfijwirxiiiwrrtothtofDuit hrj)
Th aathor of this nwer and t Uie KyiatiH''
is Alader Smyth, Cot. of t'-e Kiif ReciTneni m wU
t lMine mmt forrr eriy Lieutenant CnTu 3 ' - .
-'Prim 'ii-S'ational Intetlisenter' . "S '
A system of ditcipliaa has been prerareri
bV order of the Secretarv of War. trmrr.4 ,
of by the President, 'ordcre to be observed .. T
by the army; ind submitted to Congress, who
alone, can prescribe the system ;Of discipiiae-.'''
for &e;raiUtia(; -.V;'' -' it'( ' '.' , ;
Tbi ayateov U a , brief, f lain, intelligible "
imitation of the Frentb tystemV as settled, in
ir9!whttfhas ,
French gorernmentTadapttd to the organiza..1'
tion, and in some respe cts to the usages of the '
array. of the Uoited Staiesi. 3 , ' ',
"The jiutboof this boot ine if idt his own,
hand every motion of the jmanual exercis, as '
delcribed in the American Frenth and Bri- ;
tish'systews i tried as aa ipstructor the com-'4
pauy drill t -triedoa the field of exercise, with 1
battalions" of eigh?, and of ten' companies, very
often, almost every cvplutfon oT the Frencn, 1
battallion drill, before', he :wrote.;th,edescrip- ' r
tions bf them wTiicHt'ppelr in this work.v ;
r i snuewmoa tms wprn o as appeared. . ;
It is', not material) what the critic's motives j
-His objections can be refuted. and it
were.
will Jtue done with: caimnesi, ',Hi1s t i vrt
what relatts to the clUque1 or cross fires?.! ;'
liC3pt.
'Ique or cross fii
t. Ans.Yrhat is venr incorrect. '
will sometimes to. .the.' rigjit (bf,, left)' "olili-1
que" after- ready,? 4 before gim. ,( p. w.)
.."' Ij'he, instructor will com man d )he ."fire,
direitobUqueJbViilrsas befor Vv
. Obi. Jiis not-mottt, tfiiai tke-srder pf'tm 'J 1 ' I
ranks n the establithed prpanhution't:: v'v ' ;
- n.fis. , a vrucr o jormauon prescriuea IQ -;
Steuben is. two ranks, ii But np militar man, V ;
whose ' object Is toot misrepresejitarioo, w.ilL ,
d eno ruinate that ' estabilpfied Organization" .
. , Let us see what- lhc,r dilutions say bo tW " -J
''"- The forrhatibb bv three rank h ldeemed i
the roost ' tferfect'adT''1t'a'cive to bppbse dis-i
ciplmed troops-, V-....r-f Hl'K-.
Nevertheless two rabks will be ft saf .
fttient deptVtp' oppose tbUndisciplintd en'4
ing office t will always'determine whether tbec '
formation shaU bein twitjiAhVt','
itVf - Haf5 8).v
iThe order of forrbation in the French ar- ; '
mies is three ranks The irder ef formation
jilt iwc Lriiibii nrmics i uircc; runss. A re ouiLi. ;
ii. uc, saic 10 op u Dsc -, onty (,wiiutnas 10
mrut or ten tampurucs as lurmwz one aattaaon, i
.s(Tdt'txw:e?iw
, , w regiment or irn coropaaics win Deiorju m. ,
ed,b ' aiajbattaliop ::M'
l In Steuben's system, it Jfot directed -"Oiat; 'a xf
ment.'retiuced'm numoer. snau be- lormca - v
reel
as a.inBattaHcm:;Hif.t
ok jD'uane in his mijitary wprlcfays, " t
. Everv rebimemV wh be:lowi v' '
the nbmb-'f bf a1 battalion, may be formed, r J!
a battaW ; W.Yfo''-:
s';-y fiuthbrjpf thftgUoia jtinev
cessaryo direct in what manner regiments;
composed of eight, ten,' , or eighteen icompay.",
nies, should respeetiyelyVforw on parade orv
forxerclse;-!Vlie was of opinion that fetgft;-' '
or ten compabiesGgbVribt to be broken into ;'
cwp smaii..paitaiioiis, wua' sip interval ovtween , ,
thembut ugW.ath fivTrntd i&p$$f-Jf::-
body. He therefore cHr:ted that regiments' vi
of eight or ten com panies hbuUf fbrtni as hp 1 '
battalion without an inte rvsvl,' and that the reJ 1 1
gin-tent of eighteen' companies' should form-
in ttb battalions with Wv: im
them.
The"' militii battalloni' bf five cbmna'riies ' '.,
have separate wustersV and' 'ihelaVon'
dirett in VhjtnannefJ thesb-ifiyomi
should b placed: To this the cr'tic hasJuacSck ;
att objectibij t$z( incurious ?and novel f
Obtfyi-qthUbaHamn.eJ five iompameip:
equal ty divided 4ihdvhtelcd ttpoh its rizM int r 1
IIIHOI uc u t-vrfljuiiu l, CUliI IVlI grflUI UltU HHIf , ,
, i the: firsf tl me t hvVheard'of ft coin? uh1 ,
of,k(.hfwingy?bf
trier this .s'ehte'ncef. is attributable ,tb ignorance,
or a desire tb impose4 on ignorance, Jr cannot' pi ,
ryr word .f ff" vV'v-.Ul :.if4 K'? '
i la Mac Donald's translation of the, French.. ?
s'vstem.' the words of command-are"'' rather "tX0'.,T
plabatipns of the; Wovementth?h ;ommand$
fit to be delivered loud and quick on the ,ficld.xvj
Vil'he decided supenbrityj of thb kgujatit.: "
in words pf command, jWill abpeaS),pn- coay 'r.:j :
t Fn Prorrtern'lvnEivre par le flane draft'
Hto. trotti)t mameuvre bv the rtrht flunk. "
. . - .... .:n : t
Ui new diredi
r
Protti)t manoeuvre vy the right flunlc. . ,,' 1 .
Tne ttxt conjiunie will file, in quicktim,int '
directim, frosji the rgrt fiank. J 4- .H- ' '' V t '