V
) it c
; TiIK;8riUf; ;
'j'hJ Xvrlh-Carolind Gtxcite,
w.r b seal anthem at least & 0 is e-w
j, ,lr,l ptrrIir-o.inoJ, km si
te epitsa ..fine Editors ,oalsssll rrers;-
. f tj.ws,iMrtad thrae timet fa n dlr.
,,4 1 at-6v Www
All editors most b tKH-pK.'
tit (A AmntdmerU tl CA(utiti
V.'s ; l,t,rr,-J- "' v
' Mr. HAT?fi;oiin4 commenced hi ob
" ffmifcnVfcTexprrfMng'hw fcncere irertt
' tit rf"'" bid ben introduced, which
fTf. nniounatelf, but (oo wt Q cal?utted
v to pm;ucis "painful excitement but which
' (lavini bcH 4tAtel,) it cjuld become hi
4utr IncidenJfcUy tov notice. k The que.Uon
frtpn bffur thi! Senate ? would, JhoweTer,
i nt eommMid ,WiVtntim'' .-.'; '
: A motion ht been nwde ti poittont Mr-
juUtditi retolutiooi, to amend tnef eonsti
t tution, W relation toAe electfort of President
v and Vice-president tot the. 'United ! SUtea.
TV fiwt resolution ia that reportai "By the
. cnmitte of which the honorable fentleman
5 from Kew-Jersey (MriDickewon) wai chair
x - i . j i
nan. oa acconu w uiiwwi
the CXoice OI ciccxors, n uireta nas m
r fire' failure" of, the" election, -the Senate and
i Bnustf-of Bcpreseotatives shall elect the Pre
''dftjt'by a joint baUct, ;The Jatter. clispen?
aes entirely with Eltctwt, but retains the.e
"istinic proyiions oC the constitution'" in res-
pect to the elecUbn in thellouse, of Reprfesen-
I r Til A - M J . A.
J , fr.rlavne declared that he Was decidedly
I cpnosed-to both- of .-theto propositions,' and !
' , sjijuio. voiiij.jur - 1HUCIU1U.O iuijwin.-
meat wiless he could da UKtucedta relieve
that the.Senata was prepared to act -'on the
' mfo't mbyct, during the present session, so as
' to enable, the gentlemen who, had submitted
'.c'hef propoaitionaV to tringi them- forward,
'rwith Jihe prospect ictf obtaining favorable
', atearing and finaJdeeWom-o;..?'''
'1 1 Mr. Uavne, before he broceededUo make the
few remarks he intended ,i offer, on the va-
'Dirnamrria, wouia me 'occasion w-nonce
- home statements which had been made by the
honorable gentleman frpm,' New-York (Mr.
? Van Barenj)Ttud Which hel. conceived to be
, ' erroiteotw. Amongst others, Mr. H. particti-
larr noticed thi remark of Mr.; Van Buren
lthat the proposed amendments, had original
:'i.ted in'lfte diuatisfacHan of the ' malTt tit&et,
uTVVMr, Hay ne felt hU&elf Called, ttpon' tq
' VonoyciV- One f the propositions which
; j had been offered to the Senate, came.. from
j that gentleman hiaiself, a representative of;
1 the great ,State of ,Kew-ToTki-J auotjier aa
euuiiuiieu oy n uouoruuic gvnu;niaH icum
I Massathnsetts, and theyaH' originated in the
? Cneral belief wbJch prevailed in Ton trress.
fndatnbngst thebeople, "that the provision
' r.v. r . ' ' . .a ,L . 1 . . -
l y of the Constitution, in respect to .the election
i of cut pUefUagistrate, required some amend;
Bient, in order to guard against.hnpending e
! jus, ana to preserve roe jrmony ute yn
torn ..Let tts, said Mr, tf. take hirher crround,
and bit influenced bvnore mamanimoos and
Sberal viawj tha'h to look exxlusively toi the7
vptcuiiar inteicests' of hartlcuflar StSfes?'"Let
vTUJlicr pbjeqt than Me welfare, of the whole M
. str,.' Wayne said, Jie vaa willing to admit
v that Aha spirit of mittual concession jCoilldJa
m lead to any desirable results on tiiis sub
1 ,ject f It was mthat fcoirit that the Constitution
d been framed, and by that alone could its
oiilri its
lurmonious oneration be secured." He Should
. certainlvbenerthe,' lajit ioeenfend that
f: tiK fnut principle! comtn-omse Jbir which the
by the honorable' gentleman droni Missouri, l ikejit, at iar as pos?ibie, separat
' (sir. Benton.)C.The former broyidea for the) If ,tho lgisf4ture shall be
Jvi-m of the Unhed 8tates into Districts, furl chbaae tlie Executive, ia it too
Kajiq . eoTijillar the "ptoposiUona jn their'. tnte
thfu-ofiei'i as jSntnlng indiscriminately'', from
lreeas well as imall States, and having ho
i CoiiBtitutioa was founded, and po. which the I fathers tor place the power ..of electing prcsi-
dearest' ril?hta npibnna the l!stf..nff- .nf'Acnt f A tn,t, nf.'thA ttmrtlf. hev ari.-it
tlie Small states, depended,-. should'4ye; be
forgotten or disregarded. ille contehdedoh
;, 'y against jealousies and struggles for political
"j"'"'" iavmg tnus presented tne question;
f m what he
LayneKiid hp would proceed to consider the
uu, reported btfthe CdmmitteKIJ i
Kxp P11 ;bf -itwhkhrqp'oses'tq divide . t he
ii """fi.Mira MKrifa lor ine cnoicu oi t cannw, conwmpiaie,- ,witnoui -anxiiciyaiii
t lectors, he would make but a single, rcmaik, J akrn'i, tlie adoption'oti principle; jh our C09
V$ h 'certainly did not intend oii the Dresent J stitution.' which 'miistJ in nractice. almost.in.
rl10frw enter into a full discussion of the variably ;give tlie 'chdice.qf thfe es1dejit;tb er; in tlieir private cabaeitievwtre ; to Bqnu
ubiect.The rem'arklie Would make', -was, Congrcsay. I'icanoot buj forsue. that, on ill jnate thciUcejto;ju: jsi .were ,td proclaim
. to. . -- UIO- BUVWIUIUCa WIHWJ
.Jnifn ... . r
:"? te, -trait, aftdturt 'btth tiecHott;- It
, --v" mr, n, can require no argument
jopi-ovthatthtfnited States,' divided ihto
r?!l"8'.eW:hxj5resi' but onijppiiiion; wijl
L j. .ie 0 tMvSTon of sentiments than
, flen divided ittto slchpartaj SVlten V
' uX " 0 ''ithcr the vote be given
y ne,Legislatu or by general ticket, there :
brt owe ppinioti-the' Voice of the
, ' thc 8Wfle Sttfr divided Into Dis-'
"ctsj may have as many bpinioFs as Ihereflf
13tnct. ' ,The . merit bf the Bistrct system,
v'Wfliili on tBeprqv-uHorf y, which it
; " y be accompanied, as to the. course to te
ri"? the event of tU fa'Uuie, oftlie'elec--:
i'l. "convinced. that this fiuhire
, would take pVe anderthe district system,.in
'- b",eJ out f.nd,therefore,''d it' were
PpoactVon such allure, td throw the elec
uon mto the House of IU-presCntativeVoT in.
: "ojpeal,.testi6rl! of the. proposition
Chtf .r. Pide for the elation oflhe
t-' A ' "yne, ine uiiju-ici svs-
. ?T: eSmtaOd by provision, tli!
failure of the election at the first lutll
at,
3 Di the peile would be soured, hut t
oe ttnt- buch the-ehstort " itooie
UiVn ' lrCI" d-lugliOA candidate,
f1
Nrrti Uirrjertntt rw tit part f
tl EWturt wa V trian tid Jlf. 11 )
OO.k'ch -i pnfiimh aa fniwlri M
couU b rr-crstd on tbe Ilirfct ) Mentor
on ary otlx-r hkh did not dnac with e
lecture. Thi icu of wch a J atem, he waf
aatikfied, could he eaailj arranged, and tie h
prd, at- aonte futart tUy, to ca it adopted
Put what, raid lr. U. U mJutmutiallf the
propoaittoo now btft'Tt; . ; U'hat will 4
ita practical cfiect- ?lvt people ar topana
throiirh tke Afwiof voting for a FruiflrBt in
their raspectirc diatricta, omt H no candidatt
hit a minority, (and na one ever will have a
majority.TXcrpt it be ?n very extraorCna.,hich hare bcea admired,' 1 ahalf coitfin
nr caae.) then the electioo ia to go iuto i:on-1 mravlf. atncllv to a defcuaive.' Mfai-nd
rreaa-rb vhranckea of the Lerwlature vo-.
ml k.ai . - m a 1
anr Dypoiu, ana noi ej araiea. conaioer,
aid Vr. If. the whole resolution to contain:
aubsUmtiallnriOthinj moi thai a propoattiOMi
to change tle Votinr-in Conrreaa hyMata!
to a joint. ballot, wkh Mile furtiier evil of car-; Kc'w-Jeraey, Mr." Dickeraoo, V and the aanae
tying the elettkut, ia almort every Instance' argument haa beenrgadby.all the gentle
into Coorrega. , I ItiK tben, in a proppsi-:nn . aho iwve pokf h ou the subject, that a
tion tp elect the President, hereaf-er by the Oongrcsajonal caucua tor the poiuinipn f a
Natipnal JLegislaturer, io;i air, said UrJi., PrcJddent, ia o liable to au) Cf t", plies.'
j dreadul evils. It ia truethat it was propo. i
scum Tn, cvnveniitnv pu 'ninurcociioci i
uun itu w ia ftUBiniunuicHi, - -7; - v?- 1
Can it-be jn,eceaaary, aaid Mw nayne, to
point out the evils of choosing a Prcswlent by
the v a atUnal Legitlutvrit . Jle would state
some of them, jrhe first objection to the e
lectkm of a President br toe Nitional Ietria-
lature, is found in - hs connecting the xecu
tiveVi'ih.the Legislative department of thb4
government. It is the theory'of 'our govern-
tnent,that the several departments shottld be I
e ana distinct,,
authorized to ;
t ot vious Jhav
they will be'rendered mutually dependent, on,
each-other?,; Either the Executive willbe-
Tendered thehumble.;tool, the ' obedient ser, '
vnt ofthf JrisJirqre---or, what' to most to,
be apprehended, the Legislature' wiU b-
. v : -C 1 i . . i
tunic
pve,
United tes,-Vnifornily xhpsen'-. by the Nay
nonai leginatuve, wouia acquire a most aan
gerous influenca oer . nil theifileliberstibna.
With an lmmensd patronage, in his hands,.
President might he able, feeding the hopes of
greedy expectants to secure; his constant re
election. Hu would have tUe vttant of doih
so, and to ensLijre his' electtynK would be he
nudve to exert tiiem. JVith. so great a prize
at stakepromisis, threats, intrigue, andcdr-
inftuenc and control the, - eHctoralpllege.
But . the higher, as well as the baser, motiyesr
of human action wouki be enlisted in the
service Party, apint personal and pohti
tal attachments, '.jould 'conbmevto influence
the decistoni Meii, whow'ould rise superior
to' nsykM bribery '.andrcrrwptibji; -would be
hUrried On by their passiQlis, and even by
honorable antbition, tn",econd; the views of
tneir layorttes.v-At present, cougress'is con
sidered as a bddywho muu (in an event Aot
Bkely io hafipep f be" called ;iipori to elect a
President.'"' .u't, if that election, wi ahotiyt
ia be made py Uongi-easu ambitious men
were taught to hah to thu,t botly, and not td
tJie peoplfor prdinotion who van, be so
bund as iut to perceive that the hall of Con
irress w ould hecdhie. the'rarena; where' we
would witness" the 'most violent cand oonvid-
sive strurtrles for Uwerf 1 The very nature
Haf the .contest would have, tendency to give
I (-. i. .. r', ..' i t!. i.' .1 C...-K
to ii necuimr enerirv. :uiu uiucnif m. ouch
is- the.; chawterinVn' that he is iilwajs as
much; beihans more, devotedto '.men, than to
principL. - i; WeVare tacctf stowed to oast of
Quv;pxcluny& .ytaciiment to.tne;: laxier, tout
principlei arutjntn cannot be sepaRitedH It is"
embbdie d Win4om jthat wer' admire SH 7 is
virtue tdnfeased in human? shaptv that we
love. i Ttis princijrfe, speak". ng inth'eTife and
actions of jhftn, that comes home tb the bo
SomS and business'; of us all, it , was this vfcw
' bf the subject?, the apprehension b the Jai.
,iictefrien-wTuch"old always prevail in
! ehHOinsf a Pisident in Cbiigiss-tbe n-
' lriu-iif it -wnnM inlmdnr.p th- eorruntion to
w'tich it would nve- birth the destructive in
rflueiices towhich it would subject 'the legist
hftiire'tif thei' couhjry which induced our
jg true; by their' delegates, ' biit he- elettort
innist be? chosen d ter 'thort jimi bcfore.the
day ot eiertion, ana, , iiavmg-;pMioi;meuf,v
sinele" act cdnhded to them, they r return irti
mwriately to,(ie bly ?0f the people-fttiuf ;
irom
tkn 4Wmil(iisnnAfrf rf"t l W tril1 19 Imiitt 'it if.
men, fcffjie.sameTpurpbs
lUCiTC MCIt1lUIa, HIM. IC Lll3VUyil49
.. ; . .'.-. ....
We have . this
warning; of tht;
ot candidates BhaH be tnultipliedwheit par
tits shall be formed in every part of this great
empire, each. iJiious jor-the viumphy .and
zealous m the support of thetv tiivpntc wnen
the Worst passions -of the human heart "shall
be roused ihto actionheK6ur aft'ectibha
shall be estranged rrbi'OtnSientlsii iud hur
hearts fmbiuerea agkinst each other wnen
the whole; interval between the different fc?
lectiohs'sliftll be" employed ,u dreadful ?note
Congress CSA mre in -elect XM
from the contaeion? - V ill the' Sejiatee and
HoiiSexjf Hepresentatives, auiidst tlie tuhiut of
the pQlitica pk ments, stt; like a Halcy on, oh
tlie Waves, undisturbed spectators bi surround,
ing Jiorrors?. Jt s greatly to be feared, sir;
that their ftior approptiste"eihblera,it sucli
UTi oceaS;on,:ill be?, J:ha'.,diesdtul whirlpool
it tiie Northy which drsws-into 'its fJtah V4r
' ( very thing tlin fulls wit1pn the jnSUence
.ie eiUlies by which it fa sunounaed. . ' .
t I ctiinti now. said Mr. llavne. to tliutlwn-
pleatunf topic wtiith feaa been unhappily ji)tjrdr
dM cd into the discussion 1 mean a Congrc-
'I' Caucua. ."Ttie"honc;iuble rentlenum
from New -York, (Mr, Kinii-,) in'tbe course of
his I't-maiks in jUvor ot an imJcfinite tontt oitt
iTtetitOi the resolutions, took ocuusion to iiitrt-f
tion, mcidei'.tidlv, a " cenUul power," waica
aai! fTra Jt tao-il of gorernitent, and
w nn.ii mm a.cmnn r rrj irr, u canrw ia i
election of a IVruJrfit. Tbe rcnthr
tl crtitr Ue haa tbwglt proper, in reply,
to enter una arindication of a CoftpvacotuJ
aiir fur tbe nommatioa.of a Preudrot. If
their arfrumt-ntacould b eon&ncd.to thia UiH,
and m ttz not CakoiateJ to Wa an influence
on pibtic "ntiio'iont t would not, perbapa, find
myaelf taJlrd upon to notice thrm. Bnt, be
f.tritg'that the subject ia, one of aat impor
tance, thai H toixhci the yital intreata of the
eoaiitrv, and iriv.inita K-nwte coneiliiebeei,
endaDBcr liberty itieK I and mvaelfcoostrain-
fed to atteoipt aai answer to the arcuments
altail enter no fttrther ito the'diacuaMaa'of
a . a 1 '.
yie tunject, man, anav be neceaaavy fepiy
to (be arruiaeata hUicU hky -beeo urged on
tltis floor. .' ' . ' " j 'v' V" ;.
1" is contended W'th' rentlrrnan.from
tion of a President by Cdnirreaa , because the
scnaiors ana Kcprest-nixives, in unending a
caucus acr (mij ui uicir Iirivsic cpik:iucs.
'This appVursto me, taid Mr. H; to be a fallacy
so obvious, that be was at loss toccticeivc
how any one- could e decciwd by It Sir,
if SO or 60. private indtudunls should meet in
thia city, and nominate a president, what ef-
iect would be produced by At luoulditbe
an event looked to with anxietv from everv
part of the country .Would it divido- tlie
nutioi. into parties, or challenge the pnwsc r
,the censure 6f every freeman in the land?
No, air, it is because the gentlemen who com-
nose such a meeting are Members of Conirress
It is Jhe aulbonty ith' which they, are
clothed, that eives influence aud effect to their
proceedings. 3'hey meet ia their characters
of members of Pongreas, or(-theyHf6uld hot
meet atalt.: ' It is true,-they do . not meet to
. r- . 1 . 1' . 1 . , . 1 ,1 . . 1
pmtt duties, and use' the influence attached
to their offices, for 'the promotion of an ob
ject pot within ' their Congressionid powers,
and with winch the spirit t the constitution
forbids thtm to interfei. -, To show, -conclusively,
Uttttew the influence attached to the
offijeo of a member tf Congress which is the
foundation'bf a CoiipresRional caucus, and that
it is fcxferesslv in their characterof menibers of
congress tuat gentlemen attend sucu a meet
rng.sMr:
,H... adverted, to the fac that hone
e invited' or .suffered to, attends ,If
other are
gentlemen. Actedi phly in j their private .
paciues, t.every . American ciuzen-cenainiy
every inhabitant cf this District, would be at
liberty W unite with thmi ' Xpok,tod,at the
forms of proce'ediiiff in snch'caHes: the fatf
of lgTstation is appropriated to their iBseithe
speake. chair kr occupied" by' their , chair
man the officers of, the House are stationed
at the daorvtO.prq.yent th" entrance- of any
but members ot Congress who are called up.
by states to irive; their 'suffrages, After this,
Liell us not that gentlemen act hitheir private, i
I Hi .JIv.."...ix t. m 1. "
capamues, aijn tjiui, ns utimiuci-s wi vmignss, ,
they have jw" Concern" iii the transaction! ;,
.. t i r v .1 -u.t. - A.. v . '
bir, rsata Mr. Hayne,) I deny tnat a man can
put off atid pift' oh, "it? pleasure, the "official
garb with which, hd ia clothed.; :.A man-clothed
with executive 'taidiority') cannot, -as a
prjwbli ditizen; .perfprrf legislative dutiesj 1 by the authority and inn.uence "of le'mbers of
neither can member; of Congress put on 'hisJCohgress? Or iif not that the! jnost objection-
character, and,: as private citizen, interfere
witn matters wnicn me consuiuiion naawise
ly; prohibited him ' from 'meddling witb; ';i.l
have heard, 'iirisaldlr. Hayne,) o priest,
who, walking to church in his robes of oflice,
received an insilltf he UireW off his goWn, est
claiming, flit) etyyjtiyjnityuntil.pujnu)!
thafcrascali'j having, in his private, capa
city, inflicted the chastisement he -resttnied
the character Of a clergyman, and proffeeded
to nresch un charitv.-und fonrivehess of in
juries, love to .Godi 'aiul tood; will-towards
nan.,. -j it mere uc, wuu , ait. . u, j ,
sound dist'uiction, any safe rule by which the
nrivate and mibli6 acts of an. individual can
be ascertained itmustbe thisr-that matters,
altoiretlier of a private nature belong the
oiler Wmatters of a publieJ;nature, belong
to the. othev'.iSj
tits
I Bring congressional caucus to the Jtest, f
The choice pf the President is a public Vnafter;
u is a ousiness, provificu iur uim vynoum,
tionj .the manner in whch it is tobe done- is
prescribe'di , the iMemhers pfCongrcM
prohibited from being jpreCtotSraiid (he iena
tors can. in no Dossible event, have anv thine
Ito ao with 'ixr, I y ili' proceed, said Mr; H. to
f give i One or" two fi,rfiiiffn,'yhich I think
will ; remove' any doubts-which may istill,-rest
upon the subject. Suppose the Presidet and
Tieaos 01 utpannitiii y rrc meet wgcu
;IUUU' -IIVIIIIHWVII W UIV W-"f . 1'"!'..
. . . i ....... lit.. J
The cqttntrYjWould. ring with denunciations
of the act, thebarges oPusurpion,'tlyTanny,
an eomipuon, 'v-mm. riu,uj hi titi tur
ner of the land, and they-Wonkl jheet the just
vengeance of art injured pecple' And. ye
have -hot the Presijent ahd heads of.' depart
pejit t much a'r'ight .tocWd to ipeak m
theii-rfvqte, copacitiet, as any otiier members,
of tlie governnient? iTbeyire no rnofe pro
hibited from nominating a Freaident tlian are
the Members of Comrress; and more "danger
ts' to he apprcjienoeti ironi ine uinuence oi
tbeatter'tliati1 the, former,? suppose-:y6
Judges jof the1 Supreme Court were toitep
from tbf eWh,.pur e0' theif probes, and, after
publicnotlce; weroto. proceed, in their fir
pate, capacities, tajHOoaiuate a preside nt; and
publish, that "nomination, to the world,. . IIow
would such a proeceding be relished? ,-. And
vptth. Executive and. Jbdiciarv have cer
tainly are eqflal ight with, thfl ieglslitture to
proceed.tb Such a qominationi in their private
eapavUtet, Agtfin: bupposethe fvernors of
the several stale wtre -to consult ana vote
on; the subjf ct,nd announce the result to tlie
world, in ordef .to produce iwisn among tne.
people, "hat would we pint of such a
proceeding? "lh,lill put, said Mr. H:i tie',
a still stronger case one perfectly analogous
to tliui i,k1 r ensraUon--tlic ca-e oi' a
Jury appointed to frj a causc;, civil or ci . ,
nal, f nr is; some of Urates a y.utu ui, j
arabeA the aaurt.) Tha Vw bwacrhea
fJir vc urn, ami BUkAArr Ul wntea u
mmiv to b otDOaUr MvairleV and
decided, Rt taewr Jiuora think Drooar to
hmcI ofetar a la aW iria.ti
frivol tafmnltr, o Htret'rat the tnenta M
tae taae.; IWj cme ta a (Ucmmm. and butt-
lied tU rcauh' . Would It b ant cicnae t
aucb ,prwccdlnr to alleire, that ther did not
acj aa Jr hut m their private eapacitica'
And wira wnat color or rcaaon could ucu aa
ccv bu made, if it a era ahown that they
were aoaTnoned to tit meetiajr aa Jmr
H Bfm$u, f aat nov MberVer athuh'cd, tliat
.i . . . .
utn mprvwmon a rrtma paaacatnroi(n au
tUftrnt a a aioi, and in the ama and cha
racter of Jurora, proclaimed the reauK. - Kaw,
a'd r. Hartte. ther ia i more atnkinr anal.
wjy- between that ami tht procredin g
unw uvlcr consideration, than rontlcmep
aill b lipoacd to admit. Tb flottaa of
Tvcprcacntatnrra. max in' e-rent, be tilled
anon t r.htfoae fte Pteaident. .Theeonr.i-
tutron has preacted the Urn and bUu. and
all the fortnaliiica of that proceeding, but,
pre lA&aceonatt acchrt, like p)evbert er tlut
iyiae meet lojjvmcr in ineir piivate-capa
citiea. oataciaieM SeaaMt with Jietn, etMune
the cum ma ot the caiUdatea,Tui(l, without the
Tight which farther time and a'ntore dclibel
rate examination might attord, make a choice.
and pabbaK the reanlU It i true, that he
proceeding; in both aaea, irwiihut legul
authoritjr, Imt ia scalculnted y nroduce, I
(Uwrerou Influence, and iv therefore, whol
ly iodefcnaible. r To illuatrate the truth that
leirislatora cannot, coiwiMnUr with the ini-
tit of the constitution act io their private ca
nacitiea on mattera which mav come, before
them vflicially, it .ma; be" aakbd, whether "it
would be justifiable for a majority of tma se
nate, a Afmrty, to meet together haoitually,
in their private rvpaoitiea, and dctermineby
a 'majority, whia'. meaaurca they alio'uld eitf-
port, or oprioae? By vuch an arrangement,
all the (ruurda.bv which pure and eiAightened
hfiilation j aecufed,: would e destroyed,
atid a amau tninonjy raigut away tiie Seiiate
A Coiigressioal caucus is open td the ame
objeption.y-" ,t?
; I coufe8s,ThV8aid MT.lt. I k have serious
fears that, should, the ,oca eyitem be firmly
stablished in this country , it will eventually
lead to the total destrtietum of the rights pf
the small states,' and that , the .clause ia the
constitution, '.-which .secures their just, weight
in the choice of it president, will be vtrtnaliy
repealed. Once recognize the distinction be
tween, a man's public and pritiit'eap$clty,
In relation to public oiatters, and what is to
restrain a fe w ot the lanre atates from 'Instruct.
jing' their Members of Congress, to meet "in
caucua, and determine, hv A maloritrbf votes.
how these states Shall aet,. and .whom they
uliall ; suppoftf , ,1 shall add pothing turther,
said,,' Mr. H. in answer to tlie honOtable gen
tlemen, on this pMntt-rt-:'.'''? '. f f
- The nextargument la, that, a Congression
al caucus. is, fre! from objection, because it
does not profess elect, hut only to nkmittate
a Preside!itl--, 'NoW, I would ask whtthef the
'design of this iinminatiou is not to procure
the election of Some, individual who woukl
not be electee!" witliout itf . If such be not the
object,, and if such were not the results ho-
.J'r- L-iii li- r. i'
pcu iur, iiu nunu;muuii wuuiu uc nu.un.-i.ui,
if a netmnaiion is to have the effect of prorno1-
a , m. . n . .1 . ' i , i . .
ting a man to the Presidency who would not
otherwise be promoted, it virtually amounts
to an electiont and ii it arty answer to this ar-
gumeni to ssyi mat k is proauceoraiingetiier
able means by Which an election can be effect
ed But, sir, ssbd Mr; H let us .bnnar this
question to tlie testiOf principle", andseeif,
the" pra"otice4 am controverting 'will not dh
ayiiyueprive in people ,n uie Ttgni 'oi
clioosino'' tlnonn'' the1! several cn.ndiduts.ii friv.
the lesldencys If i CeiigreSsional caucus
be vright 7rcte,;ittiollows' thatthe
fnenils of all th candidates ottght o nttehd,
and that, the ; strength , opeacti being ascer-tained,-Aern!W
should ke ntpported.by all,
and itAert should be withdrawn: v . Thus, the
people will be deprived f the rlirht of choos
ing, and must,, of necessity,' foJte tht man re
ictmmended' ( ifieMti.t Take' the case -of lo
'tauditliite only-sbth r. Case 'has occurred,
j (l aUcui selects i one, the other, is'bound to
i ...UliVl... .... L A ' An m nn Wh-A. i. , ' n ' n .1 : .1 .
his . mends cannot fupport him;' andi though
nine-tentlis" of the people .should prefer him,
he: Cannot,' aa1 a man of principle,, even con
sent t served Take anoth'er'caseaj-Suppose
there should be Jive candidatetrthe fivejaost
promifientHind popular men in the country.
Apply, tlie cauctis printiple,' and it results tn
presenting but ove'euitdidutt to (he'peoplcj and
ttiey niusttaKc iuro,or4ooa: out,aj the ele
veoth hour fpr a new man, which, under such
circumatancesrt would be iinpossible. .vT'be
tuindble of a Conirressional .caucus, therefore.'
icaus - meyitabiy to .tjue ,aetrctiOn ot the
ri$ 4 people to tlect the President, and if
u, vra hui, in prnffict, jrxKugeuiai resurr,
it is only because so tnany . of us are such' pe
liticil heretics as to refuse to reaopnise iti and
Jecau the candidates and their friends Vill
not content to abide by.jt.-v But, let the prin
ciples of the gentleman prevail, a'tid the .Pre
sident will, hereafter, lie .virtually elected bj
a caucus iiV Washington, and not by the peo-
tN6wMiid Hayne,' there is -not an oh
jection wjnich'gppfies to tlie election of a Pre
sident br the .National jLegislatiire, which
does not apply fyuchinore, strongljrto -yip.
tualf lectionTv by' 'a Congressional'".'. caucus.
Does the- tbrmer disturb legislation,, tiiiguig
every, legislatiyf 'kctwitli party views and
feelings, so in tc greater degree,' does) the
littler. : tpe loner unu spinrcx ine L,onsiitu
tion is opposed, to every species of interfer
ence by the' members of Congress, ui the
election of a President." except in th' 6ar:Icv
Iar cat 1 of a .failure by the pevpleo; elircU.
i ncn, ana noi nil iaen, are uongrts per
mitted to interfere'and the mode in which'
they are then, to, proceed ia minutely de
scribed.'. The House of Kepresentatiyes only!
arc it, uatc muj vuiiumi ju uw iransaciion,
and thev must vote by states', They are not
pij'AnitV';! to elect any candidate according
io V'cn uwm ii-i:uh, yr upuuunn, nut
they are ' compelled to clioose one ' f threw
CiiKiiUiites previous-y seiectea ana present
to tbuH by the people. '. r.u..a. .CongrcsVuiii-
ul cuiifius is eotnposcii of mm(.4is wtU a j
u.cjiib'.i'b uf'thc, of lleprcsentfttivcs,
hr the fonnrf .- US-. . U t' a
f'ofvUituli-n, f-wai.r. , , :rU a m'.' ct, t.
Tlity proceed to oon.ink '"ie rV dr-.; ft- '
tUeretiAoae b in, Jot fro it CarKt.J t, ; -
setil to them fy the people, but acrt r ,u,j ' '
to their own pleaurci and tmlv, t ey uuka
such 4 wOTirmsdon, not ill xht e trivr.l .,na-y
tat (which may not oceut oc wi a cr ! i '
ry) provided ton by the Co iitutkn, but t ,
every lection once ia trrysr yu. -Kow,
Krn 6 a t!Jj We add, thl t'ro i-,th v
very nature ttf things i caucua msver wOl be -composed
of (the whole) tHe uiembefs ef
Congress, so thai the vote of an indiiL.at -:
will be of atch cottsrauence as to ju nify t'
wioMaMirv fffn to obtain its' a hen t is con- - .
sidered thr in a caucua the atates i ver. will. iA
eivWjr una tiual.'f trprenUj, when It -
recollected that a caucus nontina'ion. etcr
tour years; will, keep the snatter mmitnf'j
krfan ftnrreu, nn anv snan,"wh'. r fleets)
on the subject, faj to aw that lh jr.u-i.pt, of
the caucua astern must not Onlylaupr..ta ( r "
and control the Constitution, but mvolrcS the 1" ; -Ihtroduction,
into the Hauief Congrc: of V
excitement, intnguey and eorruptiom a' thej , -: '
bare contemplation of , which the heart ot tlie . . r
patriot must sicken, and his anticipation of . 1
tile future glory of his country, be com uted -into
the most gloomy fbrsbodingv y , V 4 ; . -
-r ine geuuctiMW rgom Uid.ana, tir. ?iota,i , c.
in h'm zeal to defend caucus, had introduced t '- " ''
the word, ank-cauam That gentleman, it ia - v. ' v
true, said Mr. .Hayne," had not attempted to v
feennore any one, but, if by hialanguag he in T : ;-
tended to insinuate that a general . .neot ng - ,
naa peen neia sjia an agreement entercJ in. '
to for the purpose :of onposing--a puti'.ntf
down k'raucua, be was greatly nustalert Ma
oeiievea ine true character or tn proi c
ing auuuea to. was, a e.mpu dctkirw
toWas, a almph'. drtnt '-fLtht ,
rt, (dearjy ksuertaiued X tmd
wtt jiiquirics,) tbt4.fsrr'ag
0i ciembers f Congress opj' y--
iv ana nirornis
majority ot the members f Congress op
Dosed to a caucus a fetL which it wsf :m
portant that the members themselves, as well v
aa the people, should knowi The mete pub J
licatioii.bf ..such a fact, without cQinbtna . on" t. '
io compact of anykin4, .wsj' prOecetliiis; v ' ,
eonifcrtoesop tjict, tha Mr. ll.Vaf istuuih c ; ' '
ed that any gentleman could confound them. ,a v y
The gentleman i from Indiana '' wai tertau.ly, '
correct, howoveT, in the opinion,' that tha .-;,J?, ' "
proceedings to which, he had alluded; was en p :
tirely free trom censmv or objbetiob. . fa Utat ;; V .
opinion Mr. Havne fulfv concurred; ituL'in V r'W
deed, he could not conceive of any tranSacs '
tion rpdre iinotentatidua,''or more obviously "
proper.; U required ho defence, - , rT ,
Ilia honorubk renvlemau from Maine, . i , -
Holmes. in the course of liis obsarvatmis- ,ivt-?. t
had said aomeUubg bout nevtri mintt . t, ', v
Hon 4id compact le divide" Mr.H-ynei t y)
pmuuir UJtU.. CIIVICIHH flip lllll UI
apply tnose expressions to any transac f Tin
vmrn mv. .acn. m tn.wi.iiii. t. t, wmmn . it. '
cerned. f Mr. Holmes, her iAlimated: tt.jL h
had nosuch allusio!,) and Mr- U. aat ded.
Then. Sir. t can on I v sav. that if thi at nde ' J t
man-hai ariy knowledge of such procerdinga, , " -, t ; ' ;
they jre wholly unknown to me.;t1 i (,y , t V -
It has1 been urged,' Said Mr, Hayne, ittt Z9'' .
COjigretsioiuiI caucus wis necessary to prttf
HiotAumon. .without entering into tuu q.tei-
tiou, hw fa such a caucus could, under any C
u!u..w jfs - H . ".. .1
disposed to admit; that ivhere two great par s- (
ties are eagerly contending forsiiprimacy in ' ,l
the state, a, caucus wj-A be utedmto con r
.11'. JlJj A- ,s '. - I . .
cemrau tne strength or each p-irty, by.rBw -i K
aucing uie content. to, one candidate on pactt ;
sie- A caucus, even xs 11 fiarty mtiuure, could '
piiiy oe defended, therefore, where the Con. .
ii.bv was ociwccn canaioaiesQi ainerem par.
ttes... jMit to use such a .machine
the .candidates were .pf the same
be an obvious departure from "a!
Ml . ...Ut.- . U u . J-.-
Biiihnaed lr t, A -oii(iia ' 4 nart mr,. ' ' "
hire all M
partj, would; ..,Nr
Ktlit liiiftcj. 1
t'. t i .
sure; must always present two, candid.ites, at rK "
leasU to; the people. ? Put a caucus to select s
one. candidate from man v, (wten all arof
the4 same party, must result itt pi-e-KnUna
ytivv one cauuiuiue to ine Duouc; ana, snviua ' 1
such, a measure pcomote union, it could ohly, -he
by .controlling the .will, and stifln g the. l jt.
voice, f the people. , Bo far from being caj - v
culated to prodiice harmOny,,such 'a-caucils
inurt rie!essarily sow, the seeds of dlssentiOti. y , " .
and seemed to preclude the possibilitv orA '
unjoin The degree of support to be yielded, 'Vi 4
minution, will always !be fruitful aonirce of '' c
endles contest and Animosities. -a CqnJ 4 i 14
gressipnal caucus,' founded on such.a prmci. v
pie, ii to be resorted to at every, Presidential i '
electiont-fthd Congress is, by a prehnnnuy ' "
vote, in ioint ballot, to, select the ;lndMual " .
to be suppor.ed.s PrasidenV it i manifest,4, y
that the election wilL in all oases hereafter,
be" virtilly msde,r by Congress,', totmg "by f r ?
polls, and hot by, states, the people'wril bn,Jzl
. 1 . . j . . i . . .......... .i.....
the President and tlie wise provisions of the i ,r i . , v
ConstitutjoniU be practically repealed. -V-s jir, -
C0IMPN1CAT1ON.
X: TOM STAB.
. , ....
-a 1 .. .. . , - 7...'Ti,".( .v
tor, and narticularlv to one who is actuated
by the unbiassed principles bf the most rind " '
justice, to notice the, Inconsistent, incon-idc- ,
isie, . ana miscrnbie artihces, which v poor
human nat, tire'; employs in propiigati 5, ml -
promoting those desires and.. h.per which it. .
w natural for ina to. indulge Umlcr liio in- v "
fluence of these impressions fwe are led to a
comparison of tb different charactt j nuicng" t
us; and while, on the one hand, we : re r', Iv ' "
to Cast our mite into K scale i ho ajju'.u-s to "
proctcd according to the rules j -est ' by
truth and candor; . on tlie otlwr, ur md.giia-j r
tiou and contempt are excited v iii-n fi' witn "
ncss thevsycop! vidx lS ii 'ons of those, vv 10 ,
suffer local, 1 i i ,ic,s! p. rsor.nl cms de-' '
rations to exv-n. c- uri i.u led, and: amo 1 te
wy tver their con-ij,ted ..minds. '. Pitch as
l" wsimcn' ioin;u, iii e apt -to lie ta leeltnjs
' : V'5 'V'tfe. :,1. ' v
..Js spotless reputation; th.it away, t z J i ""
-Xjeuarc put gilded loam or: painted clayf . "
S4itrl' t .'sii' w
7JtKreeabIeto" contcmDUtive chaiac-. '
.4
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A,
if
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T.
it
f y
jury w-rjviouKiyclectca taxry au ine ca
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