rcU tif tiu'tr aa.Vcr. 4..vstt
"Vf't hrt-i!. bcr ljjr-
..t i,!rr-; f li Navy. Tle
rf.i
ifil lV tUP fnui
. .
--,X i ;h c1i M.bjet
! l,t -t lis 'T.r tww
U ( !'' tUJI tu P'lC
a , : 1 1 f .Trl nil ,rjnrtnnt
I!
1 u f c i;-n i;u nJ tli.
iby r ri.tr: Cie nrae ami ma
UU f r t.i'. :i. ' repairing, .f.
?ttw er thrre jvintf trivet f.i ora
for nvrb tttrt,e. it WI Und
errrAlly Ui i roaiatc t!C general b-
it of these rt ablUhtuente.'
j . . . i
The Comi'i.i.nfr ui im ahj
linrd were 'irrrVd. tj their lite
hit f lB3fCtin lato th rnnJitiea
-r the Navv YerJ to f mmiw Ihrni
-with 'vie.r ta this redaction of
far MaprartiralK whether there
, may not be ae leciea, un me emerr
Mill have and harNw of the United
'State, ther ttcn, embracing grea
ter frilitir and lvantagrt than
tho-ie whirls .barn heretofore been
Vmnloved fr thaee objecta.
The re prt made by the Board,
marked C, it herewith transiBitieo.
It tT-enl much lnteretlginfrroi
tii i on the. point referred to them
anl connected therewith, aod iara-
a.....:. 11 m ' .trfljxl In jum mend at inn
jwviaiij t"uvm . ......... ...
I for Uio independence of its tie a on
a auhject which, from it e flccta u
. .. - i..t -
local interest;, - ts riuiwiimwa'
cite local jfalnti- utd opposition
' The document f$ ear-)Uy recoin
! mi'idrcilo rour nrnfilderntion:1
', Vnou(i reprrtntatim bave been
SRntarea 'Mfltred by the liarbori o
the anall keys in the Giilfof Mexico.
' Jiattd ttesdv-voiis nl Depot '
. ,nurlie. ' SU-iuld t:ice rcnrrsi-ntj
ti .s b rorrt nd the harbor
: faw1 ausceptible of drawee the im
oortawcef ihe pwitioo would be e I
fluai tethat of any other mi the Bomb-1
. last, Commednrfa llolgi-s it Palter;
non were iMHtmcled to vUlt them,
asd akeacb general examination
a wwuld teat U jesi estimate of
. thi ir value tHptkde for the purpos
es contemplated. Tbis aen ice wag
petforaied by Commodore Rodgers
, -Cemmwdore Patterson haring un.
fortuaatty keen preveuted, by dis
ease contracted on the journey f from
joining in this examination. ' - C
. The report de by Commodore
Ledgers, . marked D i herewith
- transositted.' The resttlt ofhwobi
er rations eraa 'to favorable as tii
J ustlf a full ad) minate eurvey.
According! yf Lieutenants1 Tatnall
no ueuitey, rxpencmcu . oimrro,
and well ualined for this service,
were ordered 4 te repair to the point
' 'designated, v.a'ml fbave,' for some
weeks, been engaged in tire? perform
a nee of this duty Their return i
daily experted; and when the iwf.r-
s mntion Stained by them shall have
been receivedi; it .vill be d sly pre,
mf.nieA to Tone ootice.V i ' ' -:k, ::' A
KThe yal ue or the Live t ut jfrewing
on tlie public lands, n the 3uther?i
coasts f the U nited x States, as a
: innree of nrj;ply of I he best timber
far the imrpWs of ihe Navy, tins been
4ttiigprpfi'ly eitinatedby the public,
' nml .various laws have -'been enacted
. by Congrewwith a iew to its pres.
rvatlonAThihasbeenfuid tote
' a takk ofno ordinary difficulty. ) The
gvpat value of this material for the
bud tins' of veswls of every deMcrio.
tlr.ii, and thebigbestiinati iii in which Iduousl ; pte he contrilmte less to
it i iieldnakeit an object of, pUlA5ea?!rd the inteiYat,vr : sastain:,the
to tte HnjM iucipJpd all ttations; and
meu but
nv iritt.a.ifiiuttni ui airaauixa- luiirr m
; erciw In their tharacter than those
fhio i have been hitherto emptoyvd.
. i fri Ttrxn ,iuo prai iuc w, ivij un
! over different dintricts on the coasts.
: These Agents have been required to
' euard the public interest, and to
brine to justice such as should be
found IreMpassing on its rights.
Hitherto their rfToits have been un
-ce8ful. In a few instances only
1 . e t Agnila been able ,to detect
the denredators, or obtabi restitution
cf tke property. From the nature, of
tbe cmntry in which this timber is
f jtinl, it must plten happen that A
. r nts oil the land can afi'ird but a ve
Tf isr perfect protection against these
Tiolatra of the pubUc' rights, "llitt
whde coast pi-csentw aseriesof bays
-and creeks, readily accesHible to Buch
tso;t9 as caa bring oT the timbers
whilvithe ac'jacant district amy con-
dt f i;nnervious Torests or moras
r?s an i swamps, which forbid the ap,
i rHfh of asimerintenaiue lorce.
1 a "
It Is repoectfu'lv proposed, that
these agencica be discoutiimed,- and
-t'uat the protection of the public iin
terest In this tiftiber be confided to a
marine force, adapted to the naviga.
tion of the bavs and inlets on which
. it is nrnduced. -'':i:'vv
'" 0;!icrimportint services roiht be
rcti'lcrrd by the vessels employed on
t!.isIy. They might, il required,
aU intl.e enurcesr.ei.t; oi the Kef.
.' e-.ue L-.VA3. anil.ifcu- pi tenti ...cers
;vr- fc"..vc!:eJ t. thcu, aJToi d facili.
ira tr U Cvllfcti'iB) ,C Bllrriala I
ffi.rU jWrc Lii&rrta almoal
rani!r tcirinjoiu; Late ae rm
rctr2 Ut'.Kf Drpjutnwnt cofiea
nJntrartirnaikf h) awemtnjthai
canvatN J f cuttMt, k4 brt)
nucccira!Ir. rnpl jed i ti tart
rkajtt rnke'filis'doUer co-
Uir, and fartlaSlj l th NJ
rarH th prcuaj lK, that lni
artir le wirVt be JaMaeiy ftaea
in tWe Nary cf . the United , States.
It ai tirtrrroiucti, there fore that
nme eipt riioe ftt should be maJr, t
trittUe eccttracjr nt these slairsjenis.
The execution ofthudutjr lor
the icraertt betii rununitted to tb eu
. i r i.. vu;.
and t! exterimeot$ are now in pro-
Suna trtala Will. Slno. De nlMI ni
. .t. . "
cordae f repxred from this material.
. It is. aJan. nmpovd to institute
rourse of experiments on the canvasa
and cordage made of American water
rotted hemp, which has bren repre
sented as Dowsceainr durabilitj end
Htirnerth at leMt eonal to thi eame
qo xiit its of the imported article. The
importance of beiujrrelieied from a
dependence on foreipi il7i '
materials atMential to the ery ex
Utmce of a Nstt. justifies a full and
decided trial of the produvta f ear
own country.' - : - - . ,' .f,
The 'practice has, for eome Jfrs
past, pre? ailed in the Department, to
make allowances, or extra com pro
nation, to officers who hate beer re
nuired to iiTorra aenlcea not strict
ly within the line of their professional
It 4a pmiamed that this practice
bad its origin in 4he belief, that the
romiieosatiou 'allowed these, oBlcei-s
was insufficieut for Ibeir neressary
sfipufirt, and an inadequate return Tor
their merits and, sertkes, vConjrreae
has not only yielded to, hut Indirect
IV nanctioned, the procedure, , by a
dopti
tiittf estunttten for the apprnprU-
tjoits fuonded on tliee anticipated al
lowances; and the officers themselves
iKwiew it" as "k" source, of, emolu "
m-tt, w Mch nnght not, to be denied
to tfiMii. Tliis state of thinW is ir
regular end ungual in its operation,
and not a little embarreesing to the
nlnccr having the; administratioq "ol
trie uepartmem. ir the compeiisa
tloirr now allowed by law is tiw small
if should be tncre Mt-rij but let it be
Rxed, end not left to be. dispensed at
the pleasure, or hi the favoritism 'of
any one; pfii'X
the olHcem of the higher "grades in
the Navy is probably rr below what
their distinguished taletiti and servi
ccs entitle hea to rec,e ivej and com
uarro with tue amount given to oiu
ceW the" same, r forreslFoiideut
rank iw the Army,-is remarkable for
its ineinality and insufficiency. An
nexed is an Exhibit, inai kcd F, of
the relati ve rsnk oft he t wafclasscs
of ''4ihlTi:anil;nf,'.hmount of
ro'nnewsatioh m Aile ' t escli under
exiting Inxvs, U is. difficult to an I
derstahd mi what , principle of jus
tlce, or g"oil policy is founded this
difference lit the Compensation inkd
tn oRicern in the aame service,, and
of 'tliel'same 1, established rank.' " Is
not the same eminent talent required
fir the cotanund of a ";Ht'natroi as
for t!r conduct or annrmjvf An e
qual Hhars of profesHonal skifl?; Is
the Naval officer less exposed jto per
j o.l dangerf, IsluA responsibility
1 lighter! or are his Jajior less; ar
J rights autl honor bl bis emintryf -' v
I i - i neesuoiiHumeni oi- bcnouis to
or
the. iuMtructinn ' of- the junior ofllccrs
of (he Navy, in the various branches
r science appertaining to their pro
fmsion, has an often been re'commen
Ued to the favorable ' riinsidefation
of Congressand has so uniformly
been passed by, without obtaining
their sanction, that it is w ith reluc-
lance the subject is egain introduced
I to their notice, A firm belief, how
ever, that its tendency -would be to
qualify them for a better discbarge
of the high trust, which may at some
lutuiv day devolve upon them, in
their V capacities of J commanders.
ruis HuiuciriK miiiive ior renew
Ing the recommendation, and aub
mitttng ? some views on the suhject,
m.i iia.ii uvi, uciii auiiiuv.ll ilinis
ted on, and ; which may be entitled
to consuieratiMi. It has been . re
mai keil by a naval officer tf much
xpei-ience and observation, that no
inconvenience in the . jSavy is more
Hcnsmiyi h it than the reneral igrio
ranee of the officers, of foreign lan-'
Su?e; In addition to which, there
"Hen great difficulty in broriiriiie
competeiit and pro)ei;pcrins to net
in our ships of war aa .Interpreters
and linguists; nor has' an r allow.
ance ever been made by Congress
for tho pay and subsistence of snch
liersons. The perplex'itjes and din
advantages under which our officers
are plare d : by .these circuinstancrs,
may reailily be conceived.' They
ai-e brought in contact, during their
rruises, with nations speakiue: differ
ent languages subject to be drawn
la &miSse with tb latLe-
ritics U iiSVrral f!at; asder t.e
Mceity, nr, l board vtU f
tJer aflnt Ur lae ptsrjv ci ex
aminin; t'ii r raptm an J i'.uBtit
and flen I'.Lout tb Vlity te e-
derstaad t'..tir itsp'tfl d tendency.
atimecf ar sal!ie j-ruee are
i tmm aa isabuitr lo iranuito
UnHr tarcrs, to detect Civ ert d f re-
perty ad eimsuua coenmems
ntcttrj ana incpii otu-mioM i
vefscls are Biide, aJ conseqoeai
damages obuined frora the Qovero
mrnt. .. ,"-.- - x --- .
ITie ar bonis which have been em
ployed at New fork and Norfolk, In
the instnrrtioa of midshipmen In the
elementary branches of mathemat
ics, have been mere temporary ar
rangements made ly the Depart
ment, and bate never een tosterea
or recognised by law. -Their Intro-
durtioo into use has not aeen enee
ted hy weans very regular or direct,
but the? hate been tolerated by Go
vernment, having bren lound nuetui.
notwithstanding the. very tirattea
range of. instruction afforded x by
them. It Is respectfully proposed,
that, nntil ' some. better system ran
be matured, these tchoola be aether
Ised by , lawj and that each appro
priation be made for their extension
and support, as win enauie uie young
officers to acquire a knowledge of
such foreign language as may be
important for them to possess In the
future pursuit of their profession. -
The laws . relating to , ruraers in
the Navy 'Are believed to be defec
tive in some of their provisions. At
present, they do not provide a limi
tation to the periods of their contin
uance in -rare, nor for the renewal
oftdeir official bondsl .Many ad
vantages viould probably result from
their being appointed for stated pe
riods,, and , maile ; to renew their
bonds, as is now required of Navy
Agents,-Collectors of the Customs,
4c.
The" mode of compensating them
is not such aso lead to a corret dis
charge of their dutjes nor such as
is likely to advance the public inter
ests. , The profits of these officers
arise, principally, (mm a per cen
tage, rrhkh they are authorized to
charge n tbe articles they iw II to
the crews or ships A, part of these
is furnished from the stores of the
Government; and the remainder by
an advance made to them, to be sold
at their risk, od for, their, own ad.
vantage. ff'hc tt frH'tatiQuto increase
their, prof. U by ' i inproper demands
iipoir acimo,t ;ei;ims itiue quai
ified to 1 tcci iujp?itiiP, may some
times be diffirult to Ue renistmi,' ni'id
ought potto" he prpscuind ty tlietn.
When Iheir, dealings are-con.liicted
' s. ,l m 1 1
uiion pi uinpies ,oi me, urtn,oei lair-
tiess. th e income of nurse rr., in shinV
of the Urgest class, amounts to two
of three , time the compensation of
the commander- an extent, nf remd-
iteration w hich their services cannot
merit, and which is the, more odious,
when it is known to be .drawn from
the pockets of ben, who, of all others
in tbc employ! '( ot Gucrnienl, earn
their scanty wages with ihe most
unremitted toll, and incessant per
Bona) dan''ger'.,i-r:i' '
; in iivv ojy, i iirir -present ? cmoiu
ments, it Is pi bpojieilthat ;they re.
reive an annual Baiary wnrovcror
dTnV to: t he. rcspo nsi b i 1 iy C i mbosed
on .themv by havj.ig a : iargeror
srakilea , atiKHint of .stock -entrusted
to their cafe and the degree of la
b f required for its disposition and
ircservation. ' Under a system wl
reeulations which' would enable the
iieaiiiahjo obtain, his little sullies
nf nautical comforts, at rate fixed,
known," and moderate, and without
dread of imposition, the Naval srr
vice would J': acquire a " impularity
with them it has neer enjoyed, and
Hie present difficulty of; recruiting
seamen would be diminished to an
extent. important as to time and ex
penditure.
In conformity to an act of the
last Session of Congress, in Tela
tion to the Africans stranded on the
Coast of Florida,' a vessel was
chartered, and has sailedTvitb tliem
for Liberia,' with,, the ; exception 'o
two, who; were unavoidably detame
H ckness. jfeThey j were f placed
Under the direction of an Agent And
an Assistant Surgeon' of the Wavy
with a liberal supply of hospital and
other stores." 'An effort'' was made
td etid to their .native country, by
the same vessel two Africans wh
had been introduced ' into Alitbiinia
a feV years aiiice; but, ho ittron
had thejr attachment become to this
con ( try, that they availed tln inscl vea
of un opportunity, while preparin
lor t lie .voyage, to mane tueir . es-
cupe; siiiie hich time; they 'have
hut been, recovered by the Agent of
the Government. X No case of im
jiortation of this description of per
sons have' rolne to the knowledge ol
the Department,, within the present
year. iFr$X.
It may be proper t remark that;
drafts have been latel presented by
the Agent at" Liberia, for the pur
ifttii, juiurun, or ue pur
chase
tla fcftianitU la ituij niEfi'
an. t lie attacks tl t- re -er-
f" r '.', wl.U.h tLey were
f rfitr.-.fd. - Thrac iIj't.s were re-
n .ua ta eiwi wuwn aoiet-4
iird ttir rijnrt t, er wtlctjw?
ed ant eipeaditore beyend asnv !
Tlte prrtent confuvd and ensef
fled condiUon if tSe f,rl cincenia
of the Navy Department,' loakra ii
proper' Jhat tLasnbject be brought
t Ike notice of Cgrt s;"eine e, it
ire!ieved, their Interposition alone
can lead to an equitable and 'final
adjustment, .: In the month of Marc
lait, .ben it, was discovered that
these derangements in the finance
existed, reference waa made to' the
Jioard of Navy Commissioners, Tor
sucb explanations a they might be
enabled to givrw ' Their enmmunka
tioa in reply accmpaaica this re
port, marked G.-Frora a.deslre. f:o
present noch minute aiid detailed in
formation on this subject aa may be
necessary for ita proper illustration,
the Fwurth Auditor of the Treasury
was reqaestrd by fetter, ("copy of
which it annexed, marked II,) to
report on the present condition of
the accounts ni bis, office, shewing
the probable origin of these embar
rassments, and lo suggest such
measures as . he might think' neces
nary to. correct the evil. Ilia an
swer Is annexed, marked I.
The vacancy created in tho com
mand of the Navy Yard at Wash-
ngtoo,by the death of the venerable
and highly esteemed". Commodore
Tingey, in February last, has been
s applied by the appointment of Com-
nxidore Inaac Hull. In April, this
officer commenced the discharge of
the duties of the nation, and ha
since, by great industry and judi
rious arrangement, reuueea . the
. .
(haos of materials accumulated
there to good order, and introduced
a system of disctiHiue and economy
favorable to the general operations
of the establishment . '
. The laws concerning the Marine
Corps, and the act of 800,..estab-
ishing regulations for the govern
ment of the Wavy, are rromniettd
rd for revision."' The papers mark
ed K and L contain tho estimate
W the Navy and Marine Corps:
and those marked M, N, 0, are lists
of Deaths, Dismissals, arid Hesig
mie annual report oh ' the Navy
Pension Vand ' Hospital Funils,Jdc
will be presented at the. usual iiine.
1 he3 act of Congress authorizing
lie establishment of the Board of
rS avy ,v Commissioners appears to
have been; designed to provide aux-
inu iv ih. me otxrcmrj ui viie j
In thej discharge' of the ministerial
dutirs othe..Department.;:;iThi8 bat
dy was required to be aelccted from
amongst"- the; most experienced "6
tho Naval Commanders, to whom a
knowledge; of those duties was mt
sumcd to be familiar, and by. wiom
they wight be expected to be most
comctly discharged.' 7 -
I lur sebjecb s placed under the
Rupreiotendence Af the. Board, by
this. distribution of the, duties of the
Department; aw numerous aad'o
almost unlimited r vaj-tctr;' : v .
It may he" his! ly questioned. wlie
ther tlie piVsiitt organization of this
ouoy is aiicn as 10 secm-e me iieces
ary . attentKnt' t?i& diveiitified
Nuhiects placed under its, direction
awl whether a judicious division
of its duties would hot facilitate ihr
proper execution of tlie-v objects phi
posed by; the : institutim of this
branch of the DenaHment- K-
Respectful reference i made to a'
rnmmuniration from the Navv
Board, in answer to innuiries hav.
ing relation. to. tliis subject, here
ith transmitted, .marked P.
The Drrtent Kavtj Cotdi ofih Tiniixl
State it believed to be more Ivmneroue than
it retjuired fur the wm, of the erviee, end
more than can be dvnujcoinly employed,
ibe knowtedare and practice of their profea-
-mi reiwence 10 ineir own kihimmiiI
V : There can bt no National Egtab'ih
ment," aai distinguished Naal character,
like that of the Kry of the United State,
which will not, in the course of rears, re
ceive into its ranks some who are illy calcu
lated to uphold its character, much less to
eomnoute thereto by their talents and tub
ordination."
; There mtr exist, also, some who. whn
'.,(5
reeeited into the service, trere calculated to
become Hs ornaments, but who may, through
various concurring causes, have degenerated
into a reproach. lUonilr for thi
tion, the Government retains in U hands
me correctrve lor any defect in the Corp
It IS now trentvi?U: Veara !.
judicious pruning was given to the Ntvyi
period sufficient to admit some useless suck.
erlo repose under the shade of its virtue
and Its valor: The time would, therefore,
teeth to have arrived, to Correct anmn nf ih.
evil of the eervice by Pesee Establish,
ment, and which it would go for to ell'ect,
by ridding H of the useless end insubordinate
portico of it matenals. The remainder
would be' preserved in more cerrcot view
of the service, and their management be-
wmc raij ,w we r.sccuuve uepart
merit." : ..:V f ? ;.,.;!.. ,.
If, in pruning these eroeaeenee from tfie
too luxuriant . groth of the Ny, ome
orancne soouw oe topped ofl, wbichv in
ineir ay, nave ooree good fruit, let it be
numbered that the AW Pension fm
I :,. ,m.L u j
- " ' ::; '
u KT d,f u t, s , trAMttt j
tfe,,.,. vVwiis in.:.swar-.
jJ ,-.m!.J
AltUiamMU'r ui--4fiA .
T.. ' - ions tzuu .
" '.
frVm, Ut Dclrntea axi RepcescwJ-
tivt, of the "nd prr-j el Vitrei ia Co.
of Juncia toe yer oer Lord ooa tHoe
rrfarvealMindred aJMlseveeiy fcuavwg
ad riecUrfi-r. that wbeeeea, CeKg Ike
third, June of Great BthaiM ad IreUad td
rjeetor of irUarr,brore thl Um eelrv-
tedeklitbeecerciteofilie ktngly odWeia the
Go-em -aft of Virrina. b4 -Mle-ere4 te
pervert Ihe seme iote deiestablr d immtf
teruiu lyraeny, ey pvnuag nil efxuw) ve
the most eaaliaome and weesaaary tor
the publte good, by deeybig b't j-overnura
pw w i mil iv r"e i a j iw.
prev-ing kpjrtaaa, enlem suspeeded I
iheir cperUttt lor Wis iaL aod vbea a
uepeeded negleeti; to attend ha c"r
assey yearst ty renmng e pess ecnani n mmr
laws, Mitles the person to be beeefaie4 Vy
rhem would reCnouwh Ibe ieeeumebkr ri-bt
of representation (a tbe Legislalurei bv ah
solving UMnliv esseeioues repeatedly bm
onUmiaUTi fov opneng wih manly firasae
hat lavesions or the rights of tbe people When
dissolved, by refusing to call others for a long
space etnme, thereby leaving toe poliiteu
system without any legislative headi by en
deavorinc lo prevent tbe pepttlatien of
eeuntry, and for that pwrposs ebetruetiag the
law for tb eaturalisvatoe of rotesgnersi y
keeping amen oe, ia time of peace, tVandiag
arancaeua anips ot war aj (nnuRf to m-
1 i t m I m . .
der the military independent of and superi
or te the civil noweri by combining with
ether te subject m to a foreien juriaJieUon,
riving h aaaeat to their pretented act of
leritlation, for quartering Urge bodies of
armed troop among ns, foe esiiting o(T our
trade with an pars oi the world, lor imposing
taxes on us without our consent, for depnv
log us of the benefits of the trial by jury, for
transporting as beyond teas to b tried for
pretended offences, tot suspending our, we
Legislature and declaring themselves in
vested with power to legislst for us in all ca
ses vhatioeveri by plundering our seas, rav
sirinff our coast, burning our towns, and de
stroying tbe lives of our peoplej by Inciting
insurrection or our felloe subject trtth. the
allurements of forfeiture and eonfiscation. by
prompting our negroes to rise m arms among
us, those very negroes, wrorn ty an inuumaa
use of hi negative he had refused us permi
smmi to eiclude bv lawi bvr 'endeavorin to
bring on the inhabitants of our frontier, , the
mercile-e radian savages, whose known rule
of warfare is an nmlutinguished destruction
of all ages, sies and conditions of exurtencej
by transporting hitherto a large army of for
eign mercenaries, to complete the work of
deetb. desolation and tyranny,' then already
begun with circumstances, of emehy and
perfidy unworthy the head of a civilised m
tiont by answering our repeated petUiou for
redress with a repetition of injuries; and final
ly, bv abandoning the helm of government
and declaring us ent of hi ' allegiance and
protect iwn py whicit several set ol misrule,
in government ot tins country, as before es
ere ised under the Crown of Great Bntain,
was totally Cisb'ved: i(J, theref ire, having
maturely coiivhictcu ;ne prranscs, anu view
ing with great concern the deplorable condT
tion,: to which this; mice happy cuontrj
would be reduced, unlet some regular ade
qtiate mode of civil polity slwmkl be speedily
adopted, and in compliance with tbe reeom ' '
mendation 'of the, General Cottgre-, ordain
aud declare, a form of govtrnment of Virgin
'" f:
- Aiid vlierea ihe Oeeerat Assembly of
Virginia, by at act passed en the tenth day
of Frbrosry, in the year of our Lord on
thousand eight hundred snd t wenty-nine, en
titled all set to organize. Conrenlion, did
authorite and provide for lio election,' by
the people, of Relegates and Representatives,
to meet and assemble, in general Coaventiofi,
at the Capital in the city of Richmond, on the
first Monday Of October is the tear last, a
foreutd, to consider, discuss and propose,
hew Constitution or 'alteration aod amend ;
ment of the existing ' Constitution' of this
Commonwealth, to be submitted te the peo
pie, and to be by them ratified or rejected: f
l We, therefore, the Delegate and flepre
sentstivts of thj. good people W, Vilinii
elected and in Convention assembled, in pur
suance el the said set of Assembly; do sub. f '
mit and propose to ih people the fbtlowing
amended Constitution and t'ofmof Govern .
ment for this Commonwealth, that i to say:
'3-;p5AUTlCL.f;:'
The ; Declaration , of Right fnade on h
13tlluiie,ir76, by th rcpresentstives el
the good people of ytrglmn nssemblrd in full
and. free Contention. hich pertained to
them 1 snd , their nosteritv -.the ;"ba
sis snd foundation of Goernmenu. rejuir
ing m the opinion of-this Convention; no
amendment lilt be prefixed t til Coii',
stittttte sad have the same.rela'Kvn thereto
as it h4 te the former Constitution of jUtls
vwimwiinwHi
The fp!i(ativr. Executive, and Judiciarv
Departments, thall be sepsrate and thstincr,
so that neither exercise the power proper
ly belonging te eitner w toe otnerst iwr snail
any person exercise the power ojr more
than one of them at ihe tame time, Except
that the Justices of the County Court shall
oe eligible to eitner House or Aemtif a '
- ; 'article iil -?:?
" 1. The' Legislature shall be formed of two
distinct branches, which toi-ether shall be
a complete Legislature, and shall be called
the General Assembly ot Viraimta
3. One of tliese shall be called The Bouse
of Delegate, and shall constat of oue bun
dred snd thirty four members, to be chosen
snnuullv. for and by the several counties, ci.
ties, town and "boroughs of the . Common.
wealthi whereof thirty -one Delecatea shall
be cluwen for and by the twenty six conntie
lying West ot tne Alleghany mountains, twen
ty five for and by the fourteen counties ly
ing betwen the AHeghany and Ulue Bulge
ofmountsin-t forty to f. imU by the twen,
ly nine counties lying Eat of the Blue Ridge
of mountain and above tiderwatert and thir.
tyix for and by the counties, tities, . towns
and boroughs I) ing upon tide water; that is
lo say: Of the twenty sixcountirs lying West
of the Alleghany, Uie eoumie of HsrHaon,
Montgumery, Monongalia, Ohio and ' Wash
ington, shall each elect two De h-getes and
the counties of Hrooke, ChelL Gravsvn.
Greenbrier, Giles, Kanawha, Lee, Lewis, Lo.
gan,asaaon, Monroe, JNiclkiUa, Poeauontta,
Preeton, tiandolplv Ruasel, Scon, T.zewell
tyier, wood, aad Wythej shall each elocl
oneiiciente. ut the rourtceav r.uimM u .
Ing betwen the Alleghany5nd Hlite U;dKc,
the counties of Frederick and Shenandoah,
shall each elect three Delegates, the counties
of Augusta. Berkely, Botetourt, Hampshire,
Jeflerson, Rockingham and Itockliridi slwtl
nw.rK)ge Sliall
(UI, 4 Ilik .-! a w -
C: SI t. I
Bue k mraav fa aspt X In ; . .(
raaaU lU!t. ttxt'i,
srivtotw, sWit vscti e'eel tee !
in f Awl, iit(
bad, l?tnV, Lowtaa, Iett r.
NtUoA, Kuireesy, Or? fe, r'i.
U and Prttwe F,!rj, . ,
Delersfe.' 1of eoontier. c
s4 boroughs l) 'ng en IkIo
tiesef Aecvxeack aJ Norfalk, : ,
leet ! Deletesi the cnm.- ri
CHeeteraehl, Tmt, Isirrsi, (
Wtfuceeler, llaeuver, fler,ric I. t,
King A Queew, Kg William, K,.- i
Kaasensenil, NoeihumHcr'i'wl. Sfwx .
rrinees A ", Prince Geurref 'ri or r
oatbampton. Stxnuitvaiil. S'st.c-
Sr a. Surry, and Wcsemorrlatxl. arv.1 ,
of KiehvaueiL the borough of .Nortu k t
tow f Petersburg, shall each
lelegelei the counties of LarM .
RjchnMod, shH torether elect one I
theeoaoticsof Maiihewtand Mkki:, , .
tngwber elect one Pelrjuej Ihe .cum.
EWsabethCi'Vsihl Wsraick. ah.ll
elect Delegate;' tbe eountirs f
City end Tort, end the cfty of Wunan
akall together elect o Delerne,
cowntie of New Kent and Ckatle Citr
together elect one Detegate. ,
..3. The other- House of thV CentrU .
eaably vmu1 b ' called the ' Senaie, ,
consist' f thlrty-twtr member,; ef k
tbirteea shall "be chonen for and hy ,
counties lying West 'of the . Blue HJ- i
mountaui.aiM binetrea rur and hy tl.t p
Use, cities, towns and boroughs Jvin- r
thereof and for the eWtioa of whom
C4Mintie,cr)le,townf nd boroughs shall,
divided ihte 32 distrtots, as herein rfcr p-vide4-f
Each county of the respective d
trict at the time ef th first tloaUm of v
ueiegate or ueteeates under UusConsut.
tion, shall vote' for one Senaton n4 ,
Sheriffs or other officer holding the elect;
for each county, city, town or borough, v
in nve tuyn as iannes niter me last toni
city, town ee borough election io the dut.-.
wail meet at some convenient place, i
from th poll "o take ia their vesper
coentUs, eitiea, town or borough, reture
a Senator the person who lall have :
greatest number- of vote in the whole
triet To keep up this Assembly by rote
tbe districts hs!l be enuallv divided iotof
claaee, and numbered by m.!M the em
one year aner the first general election, ,
eight member elected by tbe .first dttU
shall be displaced, and the racaneira therr
ccatione'lj supplied from auch clan er d,
sion by new election ih the manner afurea
Thi rotation sliall be applied to each diviv
according to it-number, and contiiMw-i:
due order annually.- And foe the election
flewatov. the bounties of, Ilrooke, Ohio
Tyler, shall form one district: the eoun.
of Monoogalia,' Preston ad fhiodulph.!
form another district, the onttntte of M,
on, Lewi and , Vfood,' shall form . aiioti,
district: the' counties' of . Kanawha,' Mai
CabelU- Igsn- and 'Nicholas shall, for
another district! the counties of Greenbr,
Monroe, C.ilet and ilorttgomery, ehall f,
another districrt the counties of, Taewt
Wythe and Onvson. shad form enothi
dislfictt thecouuiies of Washington, Vusxi
Scott and Lee, ehull form another, distrit
Ihe counties of Berkeley, Morgan and Hamp
hire, shall form soother district, .the -cot
tic f Frederick 'and - JrrBon eball km
anotner custrtel the counties' of Shenando?
and Hard shall form another district; r
counties ef KoeklngTiim and Peiulleton i!u
form another districts the coontits of Au
gnat and Rockbridge shall form.anotk
distrieti the tot in tie of Alleghany, Ba!!
Pocaliontns snd Roteioitr; shell form snwh
districtt the counties of Letidottn. and 'airf
halt Jbrm anothef mistricti the' kwntiej c
Pauquiernd Prinee Wnrm shall form sn
tberdistriett the counties of- Stafford,1 ati.ij
George. Westmorrland, Bicbmond, Lancas
ter uid NorlhumberUnd, ahatl form" aoothw
districh: the eoniKie of. Culpeper, Mad'moi!
and Orange, shall form another district: tin
eojintieeof AlhemarlerHel-oa and Amhers-,
halt form lothe ,dirtcu the ' counties !
ripvanna, Gooehlsnd,'; lulsa and ffsnover,
shJl furui anfuher district; the counties ot
Jpottsytvant: Caronne anl Esse, ahatl for n
another dinrricf: ihe ' counties ,pf King J
Queen, King yriliiatn,' GImioesten Mstthesr;
et-Wftaiaawx. Jliall form annthe-i;.',.t. i' .
countiesof Accomack. Northampton, Kli-a
belh vityiTfarx; and Warwick, MtJ the r t
of Williamtirg. itliall form another d:crJ.
theconntieaof charle City, Jme Ci'y, V
Kent ami ffehriooi and the citv of Ricfimaiul. ;
slwll form another district! the, eountio :
Bedford end Frtnkun: ahsll fr anoUier
distriett the eoumie of Buckingham, Cairp
belt end Cumberland, hall form.anoiher die
trtctt the- couoti'ea of Patrick, flenry-and
Pittsylvania, shall, form another ,'distW-ctj
eotnvjcs of IWlif! end Mecklenburg, shall
.arm ....v.iirr u.nnw;- IDC COnMies of ' Clr
itiue. jinenorg, wottQWaV ahd f riflCe td
warcj, shall form andther districti the eou
ties of ; Amelia, Powhatan end Chesterfield,
artd the town of Pttershnrg; .ball ferm ano
ther' dtntrtct: . the eountiea tnf nin.a ;v
pirtw'iddie and preensvdle shall -foi aito '
ther district; ,ih cuuntie of Jab ;of Mlrr li'.
S nsec, shall form amjther distr'mt; i,,r1 it- i
eountirs of Ntwfolk, Nansfemond and Princeu 1
Anne, end theborougti of Jforfolk, eliall I
funn another district. ' .'X" . j -,JLo
., . H ahatl be the duty of the I-sgialetwr?.
to reapportion, ence in Un year, S'iMn
the year 181, and every ten year ihera.f
ter, the reprewitatioii of the counties, cit
, , , nu DOPO,irn this fjommoa
wealth, lo both or the legislative bodirs
Proided,bowever, that the number of Del
egatesfrom the aforeSaid great districts, kihI
the number of Senators from the aforesaid
ta great divisions, respectively, j,hl nei
ther be increased ear diminished .by ucli
re spportionmrrt. : Aod bea new eoiinty
slislt hereafter be Created, or any city, towa
or borough, hot now euuiled to separate
presentatioo in tbe lions of Detenu. . !
have to increased in population tubufi
titled, ia the opiniou of the Ueucnl A-sem
bly.tu sucb wpre-enuii'iois it shall be tli"
duty of the General Assembly to make pre
vision by Uw forecuriog to tbe peo.-vfep!
uch new county; or such city,, town or bo
rough, an eoVquate represeuuuioo. -Aiid if
ihe object cannot otherwise, be' elT.-cti-d, it
sliall be compeient to the General As-emUy
to re-apportiin tile a hole rirese.nfot ion oi'
the great district cqntaiuing uch new conn
ty, or such ciiy, town wr borough, vl IiIi'ih j!
Uniiist ubich le-apportionment vIm,1 contm .
ue in liirce till Hit next reguUr decennial re-
jPPonwiiment-Ki
5 The Grnentl Aasemtdj-, afle"? the yr
IHI, and at inten nla ihtrealter f net lr
than fvti years, atuitt hv. amhorityi to
third of each liuiise coiicim ring-, to nwke
re-apportionments of Delegates aid Sca i
iera,th.roiigliuut'thc ConimorveHlih, that
the number of llrdcuatrs ahsll not t .any
lime exceed ISO, nor ot Senator 6. "-' '
S. The wiiole H-imliyr of ii. iidw-M to
which the Sute mny at any i'uh b e,-''e ,
In the House ni' 1u.uk ix-it.M.n. 1 ;'
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