3
n ' ' -; fVr...: tiir.sj
rr "it"' f J f -
i,. .1 I
, v"f i( t r
idi-: nn.y -- rr"'
. r
. a r .
r,:i1."i3. "irru'aV. tikis rc-4 J'
rne rv 'fTrf wfrsrnr taij'fc J rr-
m li'nrt. Lavr ani
8VJ
,! f-w ,lir;iiirw.,'J ly 'r
' Vfi fi:irr?V in, Ja i? i-r e the
' l.e.NiTVtjr nrT.tir dfseni-r; put.
? ' lie rfnC-crr. ''L'A vratius 14
" vJW.r ;rj!iLi:ifim. ,Y'e arc - ttt,
rsp;ctanl rr.ar', ilwr Ibi diii'f
-.ri'rty,"but tar ntrir love rAwf'tnir
i'uuutrjfrw !: sV- r. rvj'tire
:. iJi-"Is'k i t!i riHtifrF nrli a ;.
K'rry .""l w A ncrirnn 'r t'ok
nM b. t;Mr please'.! witha .Vuif
' t i (ii'iif rr. Jar k son. For ortltrci
v e way truly a-ty we were jjlraii-
H.' "WctaJ.ul J:l ftW " oVWk
..; l,t!f tvnn;;ttii! nitli fni?
. If nrf la U, nJ:iieii n i cry
v tl.'iii.t-iiD-rllicrfr,Hvct us .villi
, - inajcju fliiu rasj f legatee fP hicn
; ! 19 U (listinuisUeJ, auJ triiij ui
t ncp ttym n'.l the wjtiarrMiiicnt
iri;lntti a' first interview; with,
' ' i vttui inJJlc tratjrr: 'e Puml
'Wil'jt fculie RjUM'aranrc of brttrfhraltb
' ';a we sjK-rtjtl, and In nthfr
m;jctt! fxliibitinj that FTriJu if
V . fcfns rptfu oJ arf, .lrK irtniiw
tfkd wis lum anil 'mental forff r man
t "H Iwi'! tli'Mifjb it sIiomM nrt pisses the
r -. cur;j!Treal vigur Co. Sir
r ' pppn$ilian Tle ria!iti' prr.9w
ilfviT Atifc onr artivt in tlir uurk
uf .hhIw,Vh, miHrrpri'fM'ritatioH ltia
M jirt-s-'fit. Several of tlirsj p' iuls;
and pur'l'wul n lr (tnsc of Datlitborc
bat seizfU upon ti nUWissiird (y Ihp
Mcps1iiT,'prsrH!,ii)t!ici majiiiur;
whirl Citrriay sliall apjiroarb
IiiIr3i'j;,''i w lliwiwn ipr-n to
iUfl public, ant have ijptmniipr. tH
; ' ;( an i4Hwvoti,!"' a ; njni ,'onli."
'.! nftHce. Sr;; and thi tbffc ntirc oCl
' ; '-Vcrf nsth" kin'ulift" f;rn.J ' '.-
'?Not4uj? b it tU most dpferniim-fl
cr n)i!(J li.ivc foiiui! food for Tatilt
hi inline i in iiiii ii it i rii i i ru in... il
. ' was intfii'ltfij f.r tjift afrimi!iu(lalloii
V tf tin pu5)Jr, and is lu -onrtnnitjr
1,' ' witli Ihft tisaci 1 on most orraMons
u i w!tir!i cult finl,l a sreat ronrouvsp of
' cm' tifiZfnH. , A aumiui' uotirp
. is-iu.1 1'iir tfi? piu-p.wA of presmir-e
: i - I opder at .CarilVi's baU.'im- the th f
' ' -Jonunry. - A to !nl poiirc ; nOirt-M
'', V pOtod at. tliP tl'wiW Tor tta ptirpjise i)T
v- pj'cvcnUiig tU admi8'iiin of imjsMtl
. ; "Impcnpfp pprnsi tbfj1 wcrf Siibs'ittu
? i& bjr (lie MarstiftUju t! plarp f jfie
V' tjeK'lirtrand a file 4rsoMi(r(, f h
tj; v ; wre cliarvd with that diilymilfthi
IX 'tftdiiiilstratioH'oft Mr. AilamnV be
i -'cause, JfiOie opiniiiirof lh Presittpnt.
; ? vU,a thiMuty or tbn rivii and not
f ba ni!itary, tn pre smp ortjer on
-': 5 sac U craHoiis. v On not tlwaf pditorn
, know that it ih uioat to. Iiavi police
't ::, :1i(i!SferH stalioui'd at the? TiiPatrp anil
' , ' ajl !ace.4 of great noblir mrl? If t
. V '. o9 pi-ii!?f o" 8 if Ii ocranionsMs if jui.
, . tf jrvf li'cU.ia theii'aid at the ips.
4 fcVto. prevrpt "'disonlcr,
v, :ti I "Sfi? all pvrHoari of rfputab,K '
; V5v ar.trraTullp(i'tlipn'tniPiit atefr
U'':i-W admitted U. Stclegfttph
r.ias
i- uri if at IW ma iiii.-i uri m Hiii n mi'iitin
Vi jjffre' J' fintica of tiit b)ijr) -u4
". ?y i pruliablci-lliat anollicr; tlisrpsj
" -; ' will tms finm it revivals i)u
" ;;Satar(lay in ..ilic $Homne'r ouctt
V Jf-Mi Richard '8,Cix mnted for a
,rtllq to;i)C St'l-vfM qij.IUC ftiuiiavl ol
the United States iti li6W' aise
why a writ of habt'tw' cirpu3. sboulil
not be granted to bring I obi4s Wt-
kms before the v-ourt, i ocder to M
Vd'tain by what authority he was held
Da., the sug-rrstion of I'tijcf Jug
M 'V tl 7 f IUIUIVI UMQI V
, ati'ir,f 4ho motioii wan defei rcd
; . til sticlt time aa the AUomy Geiitra
tLhou'd bo present, 'M 't V"'
, v w We undei-staiMl that tho :aji;Ura-
' tiou made by, Mr., toxe w pnntipul
ly , gnimidcd upon tUV argtinioutt)
1 'a.-''' 1 I 'a a
, long oiMCiuiHea uurmg ue iaioinal
f this f Hse, and divided iipoii Jy
the. Justice's ol t!te ViiTOil tourt
with r."?pfct tr the common taw jii
ATiadlctiotf' of th5 .'Federal , Courlg o
tbfr United Stalts witbiu thd District
JL.c!Miilurc of X. r..!p Senate,'
, Seport of the Joinl Select Cunimiitee en so
0uch of thn Governor'i Hcsiij;e a reAet
to opeoiiijf a canunu'iicutioii fi-imi Atbe-
roarle Siwnd tuihir OfiCan; wbicli u a.
ilnptaU in l!ie Srniei but. nat roari.inrf the
1 1
H.i isc ot lununona until near. Vm .; ti)
i!ie "a-iiosaJiuJ uJoi tbe tiU. b
,iut House.-;' ';-,V' !..Ti.,r- ''''."
t- The Committep to whom vai re-
r . feiT 'il o -iTaneli of U Governor's
:';ll?siage a relates to the opening of
'a" coin uunicalinii fronr Alhcoiaile
; vS insd to the prean, rnsprtfu'ly reJ
s.t4 itiaxriKu
...
- IV If rvni? tJ
rr: Z.-xt
t o-
t.it-rr of iL
-
ir-ijIUT
'..fi' v'ataf Niirtli r,r, ia,
brgl
(!al the trait f d J t.ite I II Uf
krj t dotn bj the ti.tttrtf"n te
rjiinttnu. oa'Kr xvua.aft;: ano
Im-J tfitirst. t-f i.;tdia;riU t
n i rat i I b rus? h' ' I'twuf k aiV
t
he nit cxtemtfje nt)d iij'jnt!i, at
on!r iti?
let U tbe
Iktatf fr tie prw!m lvf !c induM
try w tj Urje r.pSi f iart 01 t!r
Slate. "Near thx t!;Htt tif f Itia owt-
let. Ixixt nuiurftiiui aoj (stenMTV
!6al3, toMlikh is im!iJ llwrr-n.
rrzi ' tercu 'f the, Sab. Ihriwgli
whirb w a nliHcult channrl. at nl.al-
itv n lint t permit twel t paif
of prater draft of water thau ae.
eifeet, tErry eMrI naOgatmg
' Ilnaiioke. CasUie, Clcnan,
.Mi-fiprrin, lVrfjuimoui. iWjootaiik,
m Xw Albemarle Sound, and ? r
U ibntary trc,.a, in going ani i
turning Tiimi wa, Ui - to ; pass
thriugli thin tedious and olMtructed
rbainicl Every vmrl of respi'H
bio kize muM be lightened of part
irber cargi before this paaiage c an
be r ftVctcd, and U than not only nub v
jVrtrdto lieay'charge- of lighter;
. ' i i. ....I... ,.f tn
tentioii.bnt to the mot iminiuri'V
perils in a nituation of perulii- ex
posure. :; Veavfs of a large burthen,'
lit, for traniporting teaVy p.i!urt
ta distant markets, are, uuw, almost
n ikno'vji to tlir navigation f tiik
part uf tho 5tte? and tliercfore.snrb
pt'onurla. wlicii uesigneq lor distant
aarketisare transported coast i
( be r-s!iipped in otlicr vesReU for
th ' places; of, l-on.wmption.h Many
yettHils of email builhe at a ant
uilditinoBf "expense aro Vmplny wj
toe '.perform ' that, tbatj ,fort these
bbwtrut tioii'Ml'ouv'.e - peiforin-
ru, uy .' r iipiv Intelligeiu
ii femvru inm a lavnurauio mar
ket, te; ship nwoeiV'by - rPaBiiin of
the U'iavti!ai)iP Oelayji at .the wash
and Har at. ()crraco''k Inle, arc ai
tkiuted ' by other liiviog 'm such
imiiLMliuicnUtn encounteivand k
nut avail themselves of tho infortua-
tWn. Tln'H v fvils.v added .the
phurgi'ii of iighterage, detention and
inrreaseu jPaien ni insurance,, nave.
rHUil Uic ju ice of fmgutto a rum-
iijs amounts -y, Upon tin ie j,h v .yVw
mdnstry toe proonrtfi,Hrf made, fail
wiU asgi avttted Torre, 'the rotw
ijijeiices (if hig!v freight and 'ifpuhl')
shipfutnt.v it in Jmimasiblf, tn e nm
jrare ioe-iruirmry prires ui ' ine fa
picv .oimiWKiiues ni our rouulrir m
ti.o portn Vonnerted v'lili .Opcranwk
ami ui thHP ..vliifli-,ave an. n nob
iti nrtecl millet t the Ueean, without
tjMngtjti'orli.Mith tho mormmisif
fereure(;i StaveHi: ohinglea,:; lamlier.
obtui n in the former about two.thiritM
t"H pHr: wbiclt they romlfnand in
tlie latter; ;iia a stores about i hrV(-v
Hmftlmi hud the n6rp 4'alnabb nrti-
Vies aeveji figlits? lijd theii Keaf
that the ,ity'. atiinKie t and lumber
getter pays to tltcwasli and liirjat
Orrror.li' "a4 animal las1 of one
Ttliird of iWhur riaIabonr,;ptvyJueci!V
tlir inukfr uf navhl storea pay onr
onirel hf iourann tho" giowein i(
roUon one" bale- in 'ricliU-N"llif'nr'
line jLivtJ,'.induNtry of tho; roiintr : m(
ttiauen forsitel but ir Is taxed aealo
:.n all .which it4ron!iieT? of iniporteJ
aileoViTlifc prices of jrII ciuni
(Iilk'!i imported Jturoflgh Wrp reof k
afft,bighefcby'rian
e'l; liayjgatitmi in believed that
in; ; the ; artielft f fcaltf alnnej thait
paifj of the. StAU lying on fhc wHifc
a!wye mentioned, pay's nil annual tax
tt eigtt "tlmiiisand ; diillars to ' the
Swa'kli and Bar at f(Ti arirki:Aid
it Is further believ (ltha the State
aUargpt.-yry.f
tlte sniii S wasli ami Bar ii pemuiary
los of mure than; a miljn r tiuf
y;,0! ;
All the grievniircs herein set ftnn th.
inay be obyiaU'd by 'opening an Inlet
U the otVaw at lioauoke Island, at
or iar A)tg's Jlaid, th rough which
the, pro(;ctsof a vet y large projMir
tiou (1f the 'State ought pass ilii ertly
to tha it ean.'jVyith btio jv ind; w hoi :-e
as now from ' the irrjiitmis route
w nn h tlM?, pHt!uctsof tlieStatc;liaVe
In 1 a'kc to go out tmt 1 a; at Orjfiaior k,r
many vvnula avo nsieissiiry, aiid often
great delay amrdoteritiou orrasioiird.'
The distance fi-om t6 upper jjwl of
aioemnrie jjouml to tlrn acock, is ay
bouttio-j-hundred amlfiity: mihs
wbei-eas the' distance ftiini"Ae'v kame
point t.i the contemplated iitlet would
not cxrerti e'cittyrfae; and l,he dan f
gers of the Swash and Caf.' tlie'd.-la v
x l asioned by advene wiinln, .would
be nv iird. It.is confidenUy br.Uev-
eu nun ,Kie opening , or jiiud. iaet
would not only he mattteor ,of great
momenr to t!w '-Mate; but that i is
an object" w II woi hy tho' attention
ot Loiigtcs m.e national point of
.4. .rrV,UtJ ',
a
f-iIa 4-f. laiW tr tt car nwk
i:krr cL"Hi r jite, l t t!l
,m rrtrr.t tr- i
tKtVr. Il it brlietrd it la-ifM te
4e lt? Wrf p-t f ettrj ptid bar.
bir trtoern C'LaiW:a ar, I t! f
Clieprle. At prorM it l ft,
whwb rai nvt be iUM!, ! t wre
I'rvw rr r:taiorl I farm .V.JT'
AaJ anJ Ore rae o k U .
pwiat f U plunge frto Al'j'in''!
Son;d la Nc rlWL I b lie rd
thai l!P0reruegM iiM i etir
ly .rariinblr bwt iho fund of Ike
Mate arc Inadequate I its exeruiion.
ViHir laemorUlti ' thercre pray
Tout tuoTblD bmly tukeintrtHf
Litlrmtion the gr'ierancfo afurrtiid,
an J grant to in tuch ppprpiatimn
at t!ir rejiwtlyrntitlel to rprritr.
XtmHt. 1U or Sc t nd Rtp iw
rrurtt t bm ifcur ! rtJ'on pro
oirr Mcil i,-pf-i !'" M " k Pretwiry
loojnmlrr f.t Albmrl Souwl iodic
Oct, t or iiir .V ," : ' .
. . tg-f
Itoraa t BiraaaiaMrttaa, J. IS. .
Ott the diUri!tdlon ef t hi PvhlU Lad
Tbo rewlutioa -moved y Mr,
Ilunt, of Vermont, and especially
the aajea 'iuent moved Ihcrcto by
,Mr; Martin, of S. C. being nndef
CMd ration i v : . t , '
Mr. SrcisaTtaiJL that wbea tbia aubjret 1
via rSrat brourtrt to tht contiJeralioa of the
Houae, bo bad not mienuca to nara panici
patcl la the iebat but iw coaaeqocixo ni
Uia amenateiii vntcn Had boea uurrtd . by
Ida gentleman from Smith Carolina, and tlte
difpoaition vbicb gentlemen bad aianileated
to meet the reaotution at ttta llirt ahold, be
fctt it hia dai? td aubmit a few remark a ea
punaiorror too tote be anouid give. H
might, aaid Ur. S, at tbe Brat lante appear
highly improper toarreat the, prorreaa of a
prunoaition ua timpic in IU character one
which airnply propoaed inquiry but be con
ic.iiaci n waa ins proper lime lor inone
opposed to the resolution to cume fnrward
aK ahow ' to the Huus the impropriety ot
be meaaurci but it on the cnntrarr.it ihould
be Oeemea expedient, and anally ahould br
adopted. It roud go to tlte Comnutiec clo'h.
ed w iih all the information a diacuMnn could
tnro on ti, li hpeirni aaid there via
anil ; aironrer reaaoii why he wiahed to
ctpreNahiaaentimentain regard to the re to
lutiop, , He aaiu be bad aeen that tlu- Leina
Uture ef the State tram which be came, had
been enraged in diacuiaing the eatne pruno
B.tion which wc luve now before Usi and
wldtat h had heard with deep rerret that
they . had bad ilie aubject before ibem, he
waa more than gratihrd to ee thai they had
coiteigi.ad if tu tta mother dust, where (not
envying tta repoae) hehoprd it would sleep
through Vlone eiermy He hoped that lie
(houUl lint. be,undem:oud ae apraking w the
iilill,.eal decree ctaresuecUul of thai diitin
gmihed body, or thai he d hii d the right of
nuirenKH). jiy no means; tar oe ii iioni nim,
lie and ever believed, and a till believed
lliat Congreaa fhould rveerve to themiselvca
the contrul of their fundni and that, in all
wprka of improvement Hn which the aid oi
the Government it to' be given, they ahould
be the ol judgta 'sir, aatd Mr 8, permit
tne fori rnomeitt to cull the attention of the
lfuuae. to the purport uf tide retolution
nropoai a to raie a aelect Committee, .tw in.
nu re into ihf expedinicy of dividing amon
the Si ate a, accoMing to Ih.e ratio ol repre
aentation in hi Houae, a certain portion of
l' aurpiua fuiula, for. education and inn-rnal
i.mprcivement; and that theae improvementa
be ettected by tbe Tunda ol tbe General Go
vernment. tu be placed under the control of
the Stare LeCrtala'urea; that we, the Repre
acntativea of the people; conatitutlng what
may , be said to be a part or the Federal
fovetnmcnt, bare not jtidgroeni and discre
tion, yea, Sir, nor honesty' enough, to applv
Wcae tnnda. w That ;we ahail not be tbe jud
gea of the legitimate scope to, which we are
privileged by the Constitution ' to koi but
that we will transfer our lund to the States,
and liat they mJ go -without ;limit;V This,
tfir.'U the buignage. In aubsuntc, which ftiia
resolution u pKide to speak. '; Mr S. uu!, the
coitst ruction of the" pnaliiut:en '.ir.fjht , be
classed ino Uiree diviaions.' , I'here Was one
class ! which, following the express letter of
. 1. - . 2 I . . . -1 .1 . 1
tic viiininuiu, wt iKCCMurur s )rci;uiueu
Irom esercuinj an other power tlun; what
was exr.reaiy delegated.! uatue other band.
tuere wu another, which was fur duinge cry
tiling not exnresitly prohibited - But, for my
own part, whilst I would eladty avoid oeinir
aonsidered tne of lmo who -concede no
power by implication orconmrucunn.t would
carefully avoid beingof.tlmt number, who
oontirue fbe- Constitution to answer their
ewo ends. I prefer a third clanv ho ure
for giing to the Constitution a liberal iiiler-
prc'atiijn; concede ton incidental powers
wit'Wt iiecei arlly belong tu those exurcjislv
deltitteit,"umj without which the Uotittltu.
tioti ia a perfect dead letter.-1 hu tjovern.''
mei.t, he conceivsd, a one of Relegated
powerat rta-'limita "were ;iuarketi;eut. ,Jlnt
Kithm these limns, tin aphero i f action was
aioverelgritt jit waalothed 'with a., power, 16
pass all laws, which night br dc-ciutd uects
aary to carry it powers into efteet, . And,,
said Mr. Spriklrt,-a power to carry on a wcli
Tigested atvd,judicioii'pli 4'lnleitial 1m
pMVCmeiit '.waa as necessary to the emcien-
cy of the Gnvemmcut as , any other powei.
A system which had lor its object the open
ing of water or iadd communications between
the several Spates, for military or commer
cial purposes, should, at all tunes, w hen he
n:uj a'voxc, nave ms auppou. nut, auiu
Mr; Speight, I am lit lav our ot the right of
Congress to judge yt the coiistitunoiialiiy ol
the improvement, , He would not trust the
Slatesto judge for him, for .no gentleman
would i.ntvnd, that all works of Internal Im
provVment, carried , on by the State, conit
within the constitutioiul powers ol Congress
Uutt said sir. Speight, after Von hsve e'oeii
tne mates-turn aiirney. w uat . .. stiranee
ha you on their part, that they ill apply
t at speetnea in your rvsoiuiiotu What
contn; Iie ou over the moitt-y after it is
out, ot Jour. pysseiionf ;.;Kone, Str -your
money which ou have riven to the Suites.
for eiiucaiion and Internal Improvement,
irav, uhen out ol your control, he squander
ed upon objects not worhy the pat lounge of
a jne, miicu more a .t-utr.n government,
l)ul, (sid Mr. Spe'iLht there is a still giron
per ohjection to this policy. S. Can any rrn
lieioan be so blind as not to see tbe oUiona
effect -'which this polity may lute on the
ta'er LegHiafuvenj Adopt utia measure,
and you tuakt; niajorily ol the State Legia-
lutures subs.-rvient to tbe will of Coniiress.
At" measure which the General Govern-a-.tnl
might propose, would be responded to
by the butea, ot cuiut their lUvuj ad pat
runaue. j Sir, ithe true policy, in my opinion,
lor thin country to. pursue, is to keep, the
(l mean
l m iHnt-. f!tv
j . . ,.'.ur,fM Mitt Hh'-O-
J
ia j
t
tk' I tv' a r i --rrtor o l .A met
; U f tl pvbl M, J Ul
A fit (b W llr RcTolutloa, t-xi
U t xl t-it iu4. tar tmf.pU am) v
mm iacidfiUal to lit wr. cmmdl a
iltW ttTif M ( fcK of J.0J0,00a
tnl fcreirn d 0roT dom .lrv
Uuc iWm crcda, pum - rihtfeUnl ! lk
Ihea Srcrrbr of (be Trwwr?, bh m
adopiei Ami rrt 't Pcy purwicd
bi ua- adoHOMtratioa w t crrta
Wiaoa. la cuiafwfa the rW'x t t r
due lb intarrM ml lb Uoair.. detC
AbJ la tuabW Iht Vailctl $Uf la fcorraw
thi ). itaiMtaicly breams ry
m pwtiP r aumr for ina iuribroi
iiht lh aai 4 it)i W ! tha mwci
taa act af &mgrsaf tke 4 b ' August,
1789, by wUb the aalsw of the putU UncH
were pWged to reduce tbe publ debt
Suppose thevw bad beew ho crasioa ef tha
pubhc laada. what, be aaVed, snuat have been
tba catitequemcer. Uirrct laxatioa. For,
without the poblte lands, tlte United States
bad ae meant whereby to redeem vbeir loans.
They could a4 have borrowed money to
bare redeemed the credit of the country, he
eauae they had aw' surety ta ph-dge for the
foribcontiag of I he funds. Tho Conxtilutiim
which tbey had adopted rues then no low
er to leVy and collect imposta, lurthrr than
to meet the coniinevnt expense, al the Gov
eromeat. And. aaid Mr, Speirht, this is the
precise light in which the States viewed the
bole matter. They aaw that, without a
ceawnn of their tcrrrtorr, iUrect taxation
would follow, and they stepped forth in libe
rat and patriotic terms and ceded their terri
lory, and bis bosom swelled with emotions
indescribable, while recounting over the his
lory of the cessions I' was the fact, that his
native State stood foremost in the rank of
liberality. Tea, str, and what lias aha r
ceNed? Nothing; and, I will add, not bin
will ahe receive, unlet the can obtain it on
just and -quitah e termti while s me of
those States winch are clamorous for a di
vision of the public land fumbt have con'.ribu
ted notitinr. Nor.h t'arolina, wb ch hat
borne tin burthen and heat of the dsv, hns
renamed silent. She nerds ihe Hinds, but
she wants them on. honorable terms or none.
North Carolina ta in favour of littemrl Im
provemchts by tbe General Government, but
she wsnts the funds judiciously applied. whe
has, for the last ten years, had the mertiQca
lion to tee her funds misapplied, by unskilful
managers, tier lundt frittered away, by em
bracing too many objects at once, fr the
money on hand. And just ao will be the
effect of this By division, North Carolina
will get about R60.000, and this divided oh
all the objects to which the attention of
tne state is directed, wm end a miserable
abortion, like all the rest of her enterprise
Sir, the policy which this Government mirht
to pursue is, in a few "words, this: Improve
your tniers ana usroora, mate : military
roads: but when you do it, keep the control
of your funds W hat, he asked, Wat the use
of the United Slates kreptmr a corps of mih
tary and topograpOic engineera, if ihey, do
not intend tu carry on internal improvemcnU?
fc, it you intend to carry on biternal improve
mewts, why give the States your money?
How are you to work when your momev ia
gone?-. Sir, you have no right to touch this
public land fund,, until the public debt is
paid, ! - i ' - :''.;
Td show that I am' not mistaken in thepo
si i ion which f hare advanced, I beg leave to
refer the House o the inesssge of President
Washingloit, in 1790 . '
., : . ...jikstaosor 17'JO. , " V ;. ..
Allow mej morcoveN to hope tliat It will
be tfavtritt policj with yoq, not merely to
secure a payment of uf interert af the) dtbl
funded, but. as far and as fast as the growing
resources ef the country 'will permit, to ex -ouerate
it of the priwipat ii self The p -pmnriaiiont
you have '..made vf Ahe western
lariids esplaiit your dispositions m vthis sdb
jecn and I am perauaded that the noner that
valuable fund can be- made to contribute,
alun with other means, to the actual r,
ttojt '-uf tht public debt, the Oiore aahitary
will be the nieasura to every public interest,
as well ts the mora satisfactory to our con
ltlluenls"" v a'', j
Agm, aio hi r message in 1791, 1 whioh
spcalta ib language more emphatic: f -V
. -tv " MKUU 0t791. "
. A . provision for the.ssle f ,the . tacatit
lands nr4!iL- Vm ted Slites.it particular!
urged, aiming, other re:iso:i, Jby the impor tant
considerations "that they are rdedged as
a fund lor reimbursing the public debMhat, if
kmclw tid.Tiihciout!tj a.-jplu-d. they nT lave
the wilt u- it '.burUietiing uufcitiaens (With
new tases for tue .estiiigtiisiirieot Of ihe
principal," r.d .thai,-' .being fieHt,oIdischarge
tbe prici(i but in a limited proportion, no
opiiuryunuy etigin io oc lost ior availing ine
pubhc of its rigltf. yy t' ' :.
"What sir, 1 sk, Would have been llie titii
ation uf thU country, if we Itud 'pursued tha
policy uf the;ratheroi bis country .instead
no-. 01 vwing'a dehf of near f 50j600,OW,' we
slinuW have pijtf it'ycsrs ago,' and have sa;;
d ilm cotfntrv near 8 ISO.OOO.'OOt) interests.
wlixh-;we. bayOctuaUy paid on the pubhc
qetit since the. year 7u.iV.
i 'Out, aaid Mr, Speight, rt has been urged
why this diiiaioiii aliuutd take place, that thi
buitiiig Fund w ill, io very few years, cn
tircly ivjuce the publia debt,' and, that
liitrelole thin resolution should paS. ' He
UiouUl like lobe iulurined wluit -constituted
the Sinking Kmi.l If he had understood
the hiatoi-v of tti-s Sinking Fund corrcclly. he
thought th iiioiR-v ilerived from the sides of
the public lands formed a part. Mr. 8. said.
Congress in their wisdom had devised a plan,
w hereby the publio debt should be paid off in
a few years, , They had enncted (he spoke at
pres., ni from report, for he had never read
ine law,) itwt the sum of $10,000,000 ahould
annually be applied to the payment ol tho
public dent, om of the salts of the public
laimt, a.:o me duty on Impoatsu And Jhal
after: the euntiiiEent exn.nse of t.'ovcm
ment Jitl been paid. the buUitce, (reaerving
$2 000,000 Tor cootiiigencteO to be ahxi ap
piied,' T)is,taid .Mr 8. in a few words, was
wnat constituted the Smkin Fund. ) Now.
aaid Mr. S., ukc away the proceed of the
Public Lands, and adopt the .imencan Sya
tern, to its full extrnt, " admitted by the
gentleman nvm Klioae IsUnd the Other day,
and where it your Sinkinu Fund? 'The ireii
tltmait has told us in his remarks the uther
dayi that the wih of the friends oi the A
mericau System ia to furnish the country
with all tha necesiarica of lite, and stop tin
portalion - 1 will eivchis own atordai
f He would briefly elance '.at anotlief oh:
jcctlon. ' It was said, that this was a branch of
We latttt pol.ey, and that it houkl be tup
ported as such by alt Tariff men. - He would
tay in tniee vet as w hat tha advocates cf rut
e f ' f'0
l'I'ltMff:il"i' K""" J"
I- rBut ef t' t Axr-ii I'vrtW k'uW, I. l
k tw fclil
Ml,ttt -v txe rtMt ir f. w 0.
tie tefird of l!. g" terna-i fro-W AWVioa
to a-4iit, t tee impofUtjoa
a , lor-.iUT.J bw krft T e
e x fi4 frxi f U to ou Oo'r
Mat. . Jf lata tht IwipoKS'ioa shvtl
lm;iie.aJ f.iS the r-vtte, the fi-J
of tbat srwem mia wiA to krf rip a ratea
we fvw tb ui- f 'be pi un4 tf
iberrrfof. Ibe genile.-naa cwiii iaMg t'.t
mmf fr.t-! cf ih 4trca rem wwwhj
support the rewJut o m Use gwsl ha bad
atmied. it waa snwre than ba W r , B. ) raaitd
imarina. If ih g t lUaua. a-ip,-nstl St
be 1 Wr, It and la frid wW n4. with
atkn, wesw gifted with frea ar( C(riitt of ia
tcUect,or grra er wajt af latHligeaew than
any wtar bwan bemr. it war too raocK ta
accuse ws of possessing both tooae dwrjualiA
eatiowa iagihwr ". . V . .
Mr. a awL be was aot misiakea Va hit view
of he wiUmw of i ha manurairing Btatee
TtU was just trnat be etpec'ed thry Lad ar
rived at. and be wouU ia a very fear words
a!! the atuntioa of the llmite to what ha
conceived would be the effect af such an on
prrarvv policy. It would aperara precisely
oa tha SoMtner St ate a, aseoedt and bawdaget
wouki. u appueu vm the huui stsem.- it
would retard the circulation, and suddenly
all the vital energies would be coast) as
tiaet. ; ---v ..,"'"; . '. ;
What, sir, I aak all reflet-ting rentlemea ta
sav, must be tbanvrvitabla result? 'Take tbe
public land away frani l he Sinking Fund-r
Oave a lann aninjienr io nmhibu etporta
on, and I tay, wnat sir, la to Oe ta result
Why, direct taiat io' And aext to that, lot '
Iowa ruin to the Souiherw Stales, aur aUvet,
our land. Ac. ill be liken aad told ta pay the
tat . l.nportaoou being stoppej, R wceaaa
rily prohibits espor ation, and oar at a pie be
inr cotton, lust aa much aa is waa'ed for oon
sumption, by the manufactering Sia'.et, Wilt
be bourht at their own price, and theltanc
w ill sink wtib us. Sir, I was not prepared to
hear aoch language uttered on lh floor.. I
have always lud niy doubts as to the sincerity
ol lite policy ( now ttu-y are Conhrrned I bad
hoped at this sens oo, we should so modify
the ,tmeriean Sytrm as to unit all parties;
nux, sir, i must conies, all popet now are
tort. ' The r-mVman front Khode laland has
gr.vely tt:ld ot that he supposes the Union it
to he divided nest Euro tier, and then we
shall divide.
Sir, in the section of country from which I
have the lioner to come, I have heard no such
intnnatiou. Respectable meetings have been
held in the Sounhern Stales, in which liter
have aet forth their grievances, and, urged a
speedy redress 'Justfc!, Sir, is whal thi
South WaiHsj and justice she will have. ' And
the gentleman from Rhode ' island will par
don nte tor telling htm, that tliould disunion
of this empire tske place, oppression and in
tr,ti- mill K.. It. . ' A 1' &; 1 1. I.
justice Will b the eauae And Sir, Vt it la
mentableif, after a bloody sirtigle with Old
cngianu 10 resist a inree penny ui per
pound an tea, in which lives,, property,, and
treasure were sucriSoed, we must now burst
uiid the political bands of this confedera
cy to resist an uiiconsutiitipnal inipott on the
&otitb,'t support the pride and arrogance of
New fngtaiid. 8ir, I pray God, none of these
evils may befall us,' I feel sorry that this tub .,
ject has been unnecc'Sarily higged' into this
debate But, Sir,"; wben't bear doctrines
adra.n td on this floor which sap ihe iudepea
ile nee and liberty of tbe People. 1 feel bound
to resist t. Yea, Sir,r regi"dleaa of conae
qtrenccs, I wdl do It.v Mr. . said he feared
there was something cnntaiiied lit the body
of the resolution which w as hot expressed on
the face of it. I hope, Sir, it is oot the result
of any deterniation to further the cause of
thlann. J, "Bt-kV'ii kt i
Jti regard to the amendment of the? senile
men from S. C although h saw.no very good
efleot It wonld have, y ef hetoiiftr; eioj 'aire
mat U intention or effect w-ks -ti as. liaii
been attributed 10 it hy the gtnt'r-iijen' who
had paiticiptted , th dehstei;- Ji did Vol
consider the siiieiidment aaj intended i railc
an account current between Hid old iid. the'
tie w tMtct, and that the nct would" be to
H.41HIC mi. now dij c to p;iy oacK'olif on
ha contrary to aasmain, as neitt as possible,
tne- amount mey iiaa received; snd should a
UvialoH now take place, withhold front : them
a proportion which ihey miarht have received
-heretofore, ' Much, he said, had bee.i aaid in
regard to donations from the General, Gov
ernment to the Slate,' lor fortiUeationsj taf.
which; by the. by, tie considtirsd as foreign
altogether from the subject under ,consider
ation. He would ask. the rent htaian . from
Wiode Islaml, if what was eiven to one menr;
beroftbe UniuTi ina fiatioual point of view,
was nuisu iiiuv:i given to nej, Wllole, .: i hat
which contribute to the defence or hi Slate,
ia p.operlv the defence of the tiling rnn
Tina, waa the corrtcr vie'wj hw' aonceiveOj' to
be. taken Of thtt Subject. W Now ;; in" regard,: to
tne- uui-noiis or puoi o laAil tnaile to
Ui ne
States, it wa-r wlm'lv il ,flVfn.i''J.Thu t.
received a huge amtjtint .of ttjia fund h orn the
general government, for" tha 'very purposes
contemplated by Hti 'rcsolutioiit "and tlteia;
ntendment' of the gciuluman from South Car
oluva; ia intended to teqmre an account t be
taken of what tuey -hat, received-not "to
compel them to pay': back, hut att he hud be
fore stated, in the divis'ioii'mr 1 proposed to
111 ,.1 ' . .1 ... . , u '
uoivt.pacK in proportion w. rnai .tney nave
received., ., ilacposidi5edihe donation" here.
tofore . madfi 'juat what tthd - kcera!teo
eriimenl was. W iMt terms, of ,the cession
bound Ao do.Uwiis, if no! eSpress,; implied
1 11 an the cessions, thai new $tatc' were to be
formed outof tnu territory ceded to tlietiea-
eiMl Goterumcnt. H'e hold out iHiluctmenta
to otir people to Winove- tt thfe new hviida,
and u wc woitij do them gor.di" and fbe'ona
he did not feel 'dispose-!, to .'press iliMn.
t M art tone tfour btiu, fieak tf tur. Jleth.
They are our children. Theyhav, m timet
uf peril and danger, stood between us a..d the
tomahawk and acalpitig kmle, foe which we
owe them a dent ol'gratttude. 'l'hry have pro
tected us. And w hat we have done fur tbeiu
is but a small compensation fur the hardainpt
and toils they have endured fop us. t houa
sir, we abal! not now require them to pay us
oaca. vuji we nave given tneni. , Mr. s, said.
it lae uiviston waa to taxe place ot i,t
inain-s ue lur one was willing lor tn new
States to come in, and, resravdh aa Of
Ihey have received, let them have their equal
ahare. , For these reasons, he hoped neither
uic rwiuuan tK.v me anieiHiment woo id be
B.ub-., U. L.II....J . , .
w. ,. n ii.u uearu, no gentK'UIMU in
the debate intiinaW that the division should
take platw witifl ttte . public debt be jiaid.
Then, and Oot until then, will be the proper
time to talk ahbuf the division,' for, mini tli
ueot siiould be paid. Wo in. fact bail no aur
blui fundt. The President hud tna ni Fa at tA
a desire to pay off the debt and .redeem the
credit of tha country, and he aiccerety hoped
that Congress would adopt , no wcaur in
reiauon tu tue pecuniary aftiurt of the toun
ry wm wouiti-.- thwart lut views. The
people of the country were 'reion?ing to
the VHiwt ;of the Chief t Magiatra-e, and
it atTordad abu,iidia proof JUal t'leir en.
timediawertbatifiecuur.jhotild be out
ui ut. f . ai couutryy sa.d jir s. (a major
i k . . , ....... a
rrfarJ !.,. .....
( 1.1! t V iS ' Wt 4 lv
a, la b Vul m t. v, ; t, ,
a.'.a1 k arr vei t - 1 Vt t
tprt'. ' eo) 1' t i' j ' c
it li.Bkl'f-1 H i W St 'I I,.,
iw t'.e flc'j tf 11 .1 ,
the cx;.rfry rrr; r ii, t it p..
w rr, lev t t4 sir- ,
take lUvre- B.i'. fje , be o-pr-t
cy, H was d l ol rmtr
at ivi. a ad ever had Wee a. l t( .
MM has auiww.y to carry m
mtvI I pwe wxnt a W ni" ri.l ,
t ta 1 he Huts, but ihl-Tr t
h aol joxpes cf iht fntzZi of t ,
I direct all eppraum'icMva f r
thatkia4. '
C02X&IUU1CATIC:;
. 4 . loa th Ta. .
.-.- $ . , JunmaiS:
Csviria-.---l karo arwriitea vo-ir
nvraviawoa to iaavrt a f w rantarka m ,
Sir. LaUmtW letter. Ta avwa. oti ,
it a grew blessing to rwr waairr ami .
Ftatar arw wiHior to Imr wai prmi
mJrt, ihey 3I sawtmna ta deserve Oir
sad prtrorwvfw of all rn awa. ' W
awaevM at yawr boa, s wrtk arwOaawan
spwet, I retaaia yoor-, lea. :
. ; - : TIL P. Ill
Correas ov rat STaa j ' . -
. , . ,1,10
tfrsfW EJi!rt.ln vonr him, nt ,k.
Mat. titer l a letter li-om th trv .Mr ,
la reUtlva ta tha aumerno e-Mid'wit li.
oarvr hi, frwm every part tf tht a,iio-,
notsrresa, reawestirg. "ihst tt law hi 1
atiirrt those vnAntrd with tba OH,-
panment It viou'e ins Qabtuth. mav b rr
t4." Mr. L isrrt7iilv a bihl asaertr svk.,
lie says. lAaf Anttnn'i report it rrplett .-
arirti tf vfufh nevtr Antv. ntr never m. a. 1
aVf T1'i t leoy:K rtsi rriKn s a 1 .
anil as wraxai any (lined sonhisra trrr adiln
ed tttlhe pssiioas and prvjuilira n tntrn t
has been .Impartully etaminrd, iuj rtitr
snnfuted. Fr the pmf of tliis asserumi, i.
any owe examine l)r , Beeehar'a ravNw of J.4
son renort, pitblivheH in tha Snirir of ike Y ,
rn.wi, aon reonnusneit in many l tie mofl y
pwim oar wwniry. nm-rij -vii l.tratnot
Otis review, or he would not u nhliliini!v ,
. L . I . f I . ' , 1 . . -
crv. in iw rsounw iHirra n rvport n
ermlit be refuted. ; flut, H is welts waitt
time ti aollea Mr. -L.'a asseriinns, : Let as h
al hla argument, er rrasotlnr', ,
He says, " tlus CoanUtuuVta af the L'i
States is a eharter of powers gratKeif ami ri,
retained 1 ' Arannj all the enumerated po
rivea to Conrress, there is nnnr which audi
ses them to tay whieS day of the year, or
the people shall 'absut'm front labor ortm
I do not understand what tht a-eutleihaa m
ky riektt retained. If he mmns, that the (,r
ral i Govwrwnseat has M right t Vntertere
rights not expressly delegated to it by the Stat
he Is eertainly rorreet. ' The Getu-j-al finvt
ment esnttof urarp.'tlte'rightS'retninerl bv
States; aoresntlie Stntrs crTeia anvantS
ty they hsvsf . y Whled tn thevfSaneral' C,,r
ment, v Kew theSiatesbate.almotf withmi
!o lerlslitted' In - tfhuioii trf the SaU
-They hsvn sanetinncd It have ramie ft pern
.devote its hour to secular pii-auit have :
emted thoir thisens and offleert from -wll r
dotiea oa that rlaythava made, k.a day of r
tor man, and beast, tnasrter and aliwe 1
right has never heesi .dented tb 'them: TI.
bay never yielded It an in Con;iM Conh
has no right t require ha aeenfs to"Wt-(c'
laws of ny if 'tfrUWS. -"Th ma3 docir
Kss through any State, what tfthtrn- mipht r
punished for vinltdinr the Sabbath by pon.
kiR their 'worldly Voeatinnaon that day ani m
act of Conrress requiring vinlatinn ot the
knowledvcd powtr-of th .State, iscooii!t,
tkinnl. , TJie General Govei'nmenl ha as tnn
riehf to say,' whaf day aAflff, as to ssr,.
days thtitt litt be kept bly. . Ii, facti ,Ce'n
has no rteht In legislate srainst Hie morals M
sitizensot Vh soviweign Slate. f, And it I
It to be expeoted Ol a (fofetei hyutiScwt, i
be would be oprmaeif to iho. whl air tc;,
for" Stale righi. ! V TA Sa6oata)lan Sc 5
rialt, s the rentlcmsn trm th' i" ba no nv
to do with this vie of the auhjeet than N
ihlnenarwm.r' Any one hasa vigtit. and all r
duty bound, -.to petition arainat .imwni-al .mid
eoiistitmtonai Jegislatioai- ,.Haj-.ol4-eri
how the present la lparfetttaMaW.lmtiBul.
viofatinr the princmlat of everv (shuihiieiiii
nin, wh'i bulioves thn) Snintr duy Vl-jr 61 On
nnd ii(IitHt He saeredl'v- obwvred -.Conyv
hm fetf-dater Vw th Mabbalh X Jl 'has In
rectly deulared that Ih'er (hall , he mi StMi
for erttio'of itS0f)rs.,:'11ir. aecordaSg fe 1!
itititlcnnn'i own ahowmg, ir irncoiistitntV'u'
fnr he. eflntcml diai Conjp-eS l no autlmr
tojtsjjidateon tlw uhjiftE The jpeiltipoers
it "to repial this aet -and if it be tineonstitntinr
k matter aot' who n pWifd mf displeased
onrhf. t be .repealed, t kBowleil)(ei that e
GettHhyliiUawe: nor A'hristian LefistiUtir
eithrr, ha a rlrlrt to Ibtfislate for God. As iu5
del may dispote God1 author'irr Io, giv mor:
laws for theeovernment Of moial wijeiitii; li
Surely a Mmistee of lie Gnspel will nurfciv
ol-rtrht to 1I0 .; ftn Godcvmmm.l- l re
noer'.A Sabbath rfiiy tt teeB it MhJ Hj'
he ever repealed tills lawr ffch ever "given to
MiiiiTiuuaisvj-aovereirn Mates, suderal gnven
ments. ortn'nny other jjivernment, tbe power w
repealing his laws l U the gebtlenutn ariiwer i
be please. . Hut ifhe aoknowledge GlJa rip1'
to give moral laws, let him berr. haw he
vocate th sentiment, thnv set of men hav,
i f ight' to rejeet -bp to ' .repeal thosoi la a. 1
tPBresan'net.,nenf nd' laws,' it em
repeid thero all It ean imv, S mar fm
rait nerj'rry, piracy w ho mn. ' If m
sliooH wtiUon against waeft pfi miwihn, te.mi"
diay.believh npnoa.v.1 o in. taw or Rid , an,
Oie, good ef. rnan Mr, Johnstonar.did' mi
uwig algnmetvt, ..that Concfeaa, a a eitii bod
has flothing t( dawith morala, will he nnann ii
"'.' "d the rood peopla of the Unbw mbsl I
branded with mtputntinns nf treason and prie:
evuft. beetuse lUevlhink that lhowlin tnta
onitoly law, eertalnlv .cim repeat III 1 Sovr,
krrn'ment andeed! h e iv'-Jii"' vv,
rite tCMlemtm, snppasris thniif W ie&ten I
tertire ia hit pertun anO" rtVArs, h oVM 10 1
eonteim-i That no iai-ft, is done It A, if
jtovrtwi.f; .Thkt liitog!-Taay -at ahrew, wli
jHiarnu rrt m finijng;iid whppnrtfngo' wert
flint .. Jtiitk vines aot mill HopuM-rans in a r
ernroenr,in Which all hiri equal riirhnan'1.
course, roust bear sn eqti.it hnrflen of nil I but 1,
pens to llieir eounti-v, flossed is that rwi
whose God is tint Loiit F.vr-rv tliizen on
toilesire this) nor ean any man be (mid to h: fn
ti-om the inWuy flf law to n hich he e-msfn'
orssamst whU.h he iloetaot ecmtmslrate, 1' 1
have tbe v'leht nfdomn; o. V But do we nil pos
our r-tghts in this mathr Vntinn has 00 rir!
to pa a fff nr. .'I'his ninv be doiiu ne4nti i
its well as pitshivetyls. Suptse a was ntuw
tlvti-g ehytinns nnthe Sp,Vt' .Vtouli i 1"
debar front the polls everV ni,eU!rivlou mi"
Who frets boitnd to etnf'lSti S:ibbnlhVW'ol
it ant Indirectlv' v.lv tl)B eU-eiions ht llie hr.m
of men, who neilhrr rr-f-nrlM f:,d. fiorf Hn
man? Would It not It, in Jls.eflVrt ..' fr'
Ntw. tbe law, rmuii tnf hhour m the Pott
'h't-tnen!l on the S.-UiU.-h, doe rfiVeiUhlli
tor eveiT eonscU-sition man j refereneeio'''
Sabbatl.V from MrtitVing in its honort and ewV
rnentai for they will hot go in ormdslttna tt '
rliey helieveto be? the )n of Gods' and manr h1
already rrsifrned tb-dr onire and ttwir .wiiptir
ratlierilina do-' rt wieked fhin- ' Conjrte
ptfirht not to hold tt (ndiieement f ineo
viplate the Tiimij ilefmrtmetit, a be rentie
terms eooi'.-ipnee. A fnan either must' -con"'
t violate; his eonseiniee, er io euf l imi'-ll'i
frwin th libcrtv of h: vvny,"-wf'ile dir 1"
stand a k". iroeft j It tway e, eotitiltiioi'l
ehaaced And if the wdv ifincultv i the f
be, thai flongrrss baa no tijjhr tu ay hit'
word is true, k eatt he removed: tr 'nriWiti?
mat's to run nnlysbt'tlineaa vl;i"'g "nt
day tailed the ..W tTow hy.fliriitirr
Suiutiji by the" Uruid. Constitution!' '
r-ess ran do thia, trui- it ean tiV tlnd r--ahail
run. on Mtmdiiv. Totsda'.-V. tJni-i. .
l.r-y
" - ' jy