V. 4
V-
J3C3C : A ,
.Tin; 8ta it, o
A .Carolina forte Gitr'Af,
' rVJ.rf. wttkrr, '
W K ENCS ,LFtMAV., V
yj-.Sf errvi,thrr dollars a't.
aee vr-K vUt at lr f I
s4 bapardiaanminnrd.
M tf P.JHora mIcM oil
V provtd to e.th wmfars
cfti. t.oTaa-t from i:s Kwi'utK. ,, v
sued by th praetir f tVb r,i-i-w. J fl'et
too, AIs Monro r. -rrv frfien 4
evervpartyi ine(x--.i by Vttt nf.
snutj-peacnj bjr aty h ic or tprtarma
ported, How if K Ml bt of 4 Munt nf ib Staie.a-oit.t
; gt.tew; fnd.W rW if the Wp- nf Amb.or berr-Mie M','tn aJ i .
the OnWrtflfcaw. we", at ft. aii. aWVI ! iU. J, ti, iMas fouit. a.t J1
tittt'.orttHt erprobaird art? How if it ahuwU other -Sr cf ihe 1'wt.J um. !.
poiiUei la wi rf- r-a'M prcrdi-J
K SJtd b.et tfl -t essabliaW by U "
It he rlr txT tNwg'-eas t e rW
kprKiV.aieM of Mth 'iftftTior t-trWeni m ihw
tVnk proper, in tha frrtcnt aluoe. IUr
the aopoint-n?" oo-rer it tuinle-t Riit'u
. I - a ,a T 4 t'.mm nl lk r -a.ia'.u 1 . . I ' . . . ..... . 1 -
Slum. i"fm nrr iiinri nr ww m nr-Mij. !, ur-ieci mill J'prc'.'1 CV Ibr
K". But 1H' f.ef. if t fc wit
, ,.'.'.',. ' . r
TUUKHll 'Mii lON. -, "-;
EECH OF MMJNGSTO.V,
Or lortiijiK y
Smclr tkt jUMtrtt Huilrt, Ftbrry,
;(.' Turin th. Mi ui,i
ctM . . j ''.!.' J !
iliF.tWiHW of mf pocr to ImoruM
!heriil f"rce onsiJr''tnvhieH
m in' fiirnia J ' r.y orrn opinion, b
fly inducerl me t be Wnt, lvro in
ble'r'7e the reM!s
mtn to jri- tjr ? Mjr rWinir
4M fCMt now, 1t, tt no departure (am
ile, l)iiittr Vft . pwiiculur
ha awr,rinei on wljlc! vuitf gryi
(ion Iim be riucUj fceltnjt it All
te bt ccitMti.'n, 'oft rownvJ nd fur
i which - not bo expired toy
I mg rrliKtinrly f)8 aUcnfion of
rMo hil Imtrrtr l perform i!',
SaoifromrVlr(;"ni.Jiit U tf
!tn(jiilifil letrmi, eHarwctWited tis
' rIM;trJH,, froitl ' tt'. err, titc
oncfttsion,4 t fi'rt, nnconttitvUantU
u n j9fp oi tho prt of Ue lit:
n the . crnjieri(ce j It. vi:ch b
iU bt'mxolvt.J in our 4iption of lbs
ment, prtiepiion in thi ct thu
what till llf tir(r.it-.hm wiU 1m (Mr
Hot, tttrs'fi lo wjtttf ry hs nA nCilie eho
i f, i U( ct'Tp h defrne of th
Conriiu'ion itcvrnniutA that in tun
r ructicKt thai irMtrumrpt tt Hw em'i
lo rah!).. .All tbaae li rirrmnil we,
ll iHW 11 l:t Ihrn II : itMhj t tpt a tlic icnu H lUl WV vrm
r to fniMa crun i!m(f th rccrm
W'ht mho Aamrt rmih p T te
temporary ;pTilnt to' tli Truidml,
jjectn 'h Hiatal mannar to tKo eonftnva
tion vof St Stia?r, kr-o "it aionid av.
Awl 16 atTord thru ! ftr IihTtiolw tbo
duration o tUe-lrmrmrtry ax4ieirt aaa
a equal dyiy to foro 40 ti t rrtpecM all ! eiiemled to tbe Mt if ibdr aeMo.-,Tho
of thorn ar?, no dotiM qu!J,' 'ilnor.'.anil i eiMb remrdJ by thU proito.uibo
toi wboo
to Vimit
voultl bo
isoai nt thCVaaoro tl to f f rftwm it than ' vatwicv of an 03m oesurrmu at ay
arHi W, trUitt-1 yioM to th- equal tRtt t U v i'mnoihie for tbe frr-lrnt
aiij irrfior obili y. I 'miwf rr-i'it ill elana ' a ttimi nation toho?cua'e. Such
ljr on may te np, either crirectly nr'by ;Ue ca of an otCcerdvi during thf rjtrM,
impKcMinn, n te tit!c f exrtuv ilHimter, or rraifinjr on lite 4V nt, wir a)ouri)cnt
rpo. Comtitutton- I hao anl Hiat 1 d? 'tof a tirtier dviajt m a "l'.taoi uairr at
irai m prm?sojMi ih anitn ne oieaMre, a unit dinitf tho aeanoo when H rnakj b
mjr aenoa of duty ob.gi ,me rnf anpporl, m lmpoiHlo-1 know rnt twforo the
iff maurt by tho Iwm oe ha jinn htattl, j a lioummenO' If, lo Uifta two ta-a eaoea, flio
f not be permitted tay, that ? vi-fd to no olise re to remain farant unfl the meet '
hmajvi'i at achmcr o be ebarter if itr fan I Inr pf Co'STtu, the rme!y' "in tle crtH'iao
!aroerrtai la;f tno tlniortot whtcbk folha j wmll M be eomincr)if! tuiKo erfiVa
bmwl.'and to thoe rirhta of itaepte rfeoi. ' in'tdol ro avout 1ei won'.J bo; eon '
br wbir.lar oot, turTenJered oy it lo 'lio cfa,wben ifwaa tfie evitleHt Mrfcntioaof tb
Ntiora) Government, . I : am old erjwigh to t inttniioeni there almuld b ounf ifutt
hae witched th profrrew of In otniaunn j nnt lc niderlood a ajlr.j? tta) an jneio0.
to biro' U'itpetse J t!q: first mmeor T It a j niatve aurtidinjf sny coirt.-ictiun iaaufheient
exUtence, and wavone-'of thmtf ko h-ulrd to ahonr it to bo ftee, of that to be ihe iruo
! first appearance i the harbinger f bat ! rf adir which avoidt it-tVhero 'be rtii are
?rrsTierityUicb it hat to j;VrKlv rralivil; epir wher fyi '"Snteitticn la siilef,
klw it, air, in it cradle, rna&ed it rro?rri btxrnver incoitenient. thev murt be' nheVed;
1 a ithtir limttcnUvc ye, and the 'fiiyt perwnl i. Hut. w((er ihe rord will ailiriit bf an. inter
! of mr'noUtlca Hfe Waa eintdoved In rfimirr i nretarfort ivh:h avoid wr.h an ril ! ai mitU
aceJ, ar;(rraat4 Sy a 6o'Mrreierre' inrrwdt wliicklf.irse - eotittructiona,- in Wjjb j have Oeen foreseen, ami ranniit b. supposed
;wh'cb are'ea'ed in tit by the "onau-1 rmrty' tirtis, rondo An H proviaioov- 1 be" 'to b k'ft unprovKled fftr, there, tut rule of
1 rcceat, ir," liter!!?, the chartro.) ioniretL andfaithfullv aillirrrl. to the tiartT ' canatrnction t a which t aJve witt aaniv.
".ii. .1.:.!. i. ' w : .. v - .. h.rr.:
f u py no cooairucnon oi ue leuer.nj
'tmtitution finr eicieV "by in aplritj
runMpectiio tao fresi,ae;i,iho act it
itaacrnice is cnBitinnuiffdt bat hl
p.-uft.- wv, mav yet. aont tbe aneriio-
giiiU of violating the. Cooctitulinn, bf'
wnu mm cr minjj im- me appro
ii ' We hae-yef jh' renirce. . IltTt.
e At vnco tulnjunkpry alld menncirtjr,
toid thk't theto U o oUier eicof r- no
m the brinki another atcpy aud.we'aie
jj;u!pW.J,' ayitU Uo HwjenCapl his
j, in, tfVe aameaiiyii if political prc9i,
nj nnhj - v.'. j ' '!.. 4-..v" ' .',
I wish fop no efccape;' .. If 'dctireij 6ne,
I find' k'-icJtind tlfe reasoning of the
H tiinvo1f,; i Ho Wovea to ttrtkoout the
r1'-". beeauss it provide 6)t,3 nnt.
I beUiiiCtlf cIls'ttioserf.io:ijmVifi the
egmmistonertf, ; 'ct te,i . wliljuj to
e whole iii nWaytl aj4 a riwclt giai6rj
b at a'ly .rnemiHjr mv deem a a silftj.
renrooorafiotu te ViH be ot4aIy jnat.
acts woicn - thtprht wtrac'iotit of that
itutrutr.enf.VMy T)rtffSsioi of fairh -hw not
heretpforrr, a'tU ia nnf tinvr, aiterelit neer
wijli be. Btrt that" faith do nqt mO
, toattay tpyarjf with any one,. whaer-rny
bf my ppinion'of ht pstniitnt !od. ,tn
opposition to,th,excrcitie of Vwe'' llal V
think ia 6ir1y conferred byt' Cojwitu'ioii
to oni branch nf tho'Uvwrnnrient, or to enn
tend for H Tn favor of aloth not entitled tfM
it, tbotwrh. 1 ahotild fltyself. bo a
totter hrartcn. ,'! . .'; :, . v .
. yinox are the'fivcla'Vnir" "isve created tt .
.mtdilrtk eiptiioni. : The ftl.ttl growth of 'v!r
R'i'..th EfahUhmetita' on j the Bias's fie ,
jnd the coiiserj-.tent; incre.stse of commerce,
;in that quarter, had foe tome yexrs past made
'n.. arrangement .dasiraWts' tvitli the Sttlt.',n,
wto bell the kya ot';tt'e narrow ioiet, I branch
irhlcbaloHaatl enlrariceiiito this sea could so.
had. . The i!t?mediatfr Jtredeveeior- "of "tltfe
lantedGtic
iRfire we coniiitler ti word uf the
CnitatituUon, let ua f e . the eoriffjteo
ce that wouM jcault from rt atlherei
t what, is pwtan tfieif I iter nl mraninj!.
Tif. ctf!ector r-f th port cf ew mk
die on the day buforQ the adjournment.
The Tarsncjcwihnt bo filUil Volil hs
l)ccewt)fr (Wowing,,, Tli'e collection
nf ona third of )hc ave noe of the IJni-
roember of i 'u3UfeS mal n ,lwtTft.. trre?portt-
.!; Me hanfli. 1 he cntnman.ler bf a milita-
preel iiief Maristrtead ajipuini
"t'lajvveh the two commaoilr "i mir
Sqwud-
firoui ; , Wliy will he-d thiof Why,.' eon io the: Mediterrtnown, together with M r,
wroja m n puensweaaore as wen as j
CohstiTu'tioo-T-why1: wiH Ue'Dpen - to
persojir 1 unuitejfy becauW .fie
$hey Jit, rendered 'Vtvieer' but in
nainter? in Vhat wpcityi Clearly, in
sr Jhsij that qf making h treaty aad as
ipiier.iTJjen, laa, ie be not willing
iuei :tb.e' auMtuco - lot! the fornf
i nnt a proeigion :or .thi payment, in
mnef that-J'im can'ff'vc itf sanctitm ti
fby hfeh -it 'ws" earned? f But 4Ue
which, to another part of tbe gentlei'i
V',-4,8 aid. would -t.nifli aa
arc1 (infant
byiy ofi r ane," here loies As' fra
'" Change jta-denominatjon,-; ealfc it
HjtttiaWt tor aervieea,1 and iia perfume
stooaii-alterVthe namo.to outfit and a
sjdar; is Insupportable, ami, stintj tbe
f V lcjsea bf it '.'"Notir, ' air,7'f t
i t ttcaje- tbe qtteition; )F. I tbowjrbt
rjciijjpnitel aupporte d, 1 t'eft
d, adopt tb,if yeatoqinaancL bjr totipff '-,
' awenoSnent oftofi4 vby tbe' enjtipt
Hiouia,' (lr Kane,) , wlwcb .avoids the'
onable tefnijji, )eae it la oubt wbe)1er
ot assent to the doctrine-of thr Sena
m Virginia. ; iut, ilr, Um not disposed
I nyaelf t of tuth a ybtertHg, ; When.
I hav 'foetned; an' opinion and ,wn
rly, called Xt y duly to express it, I
iitfcarlessly.jndepentleiitlyi a beconiea'
ibef df thiftougus body, frankly lo iny
nitNstp.Kcitly'.to, ,UtilMtioitt:Jiut,
(itnc tinife. with rf. nrnnnr def'erenca
upect for, tbet "onioian of hoae witlfM
I hare be jnifbttttM i'i'"'"dfider.;-. In
pirit,, sir, I w'Ul .prtjeeel to diacoa the
giieeiibrm ' (hit have been taWd by i
ienator from "Tirgiuiaand t repel," fci
;.a, the' chargsf ,of iqlang ihe Con.'
on, antlwiirenderin bei rigtrta o( 4lej'.
t,yUitt ! bavo tne bonof to belong fv
ot, myseJC deal intfprofessionaOf
imeot to Ut tonstitution-when made;
"era, I bellows them, unless their conduct
Uftlef 'has gieti ne reasoh i 0 douot
'"icerit;;lfttbe .TeaW'--.ift.SenaUir
Virginia, no 'tie; ho,knows , iHrt can
ich a doubt; b.ut whilst the fullest eon
s is felt thai' 6efe ' persuadei ,of tht
of a!l he titters, aad while he Is eoo vinifc..
the construction Ie puis on tUe Con
(iota fVje tone; while he believes
aose Vim ihink differently are 'In the
r. might not slight suspicion that lie
f is deceived; ihu his judgment, Strotig
atufkl !ia, and invigorated : a jf b
oy study and reflection, that bvenaucb
?ent might aome timet errj and would
reflection, hnd it occurred, have Ud
Utink that tins raight.be ono of those
"scasiona, W1d have induced, him to qua-
me tipVession' of a possibility that
f(nii -might bo iil rounded, ; the
Pr charges of uimpatitn, Wd lawless,
'"constitutional acts by the President,
'eliction pf duty in those who support
sand woufd not that reflection alao bate
o hin to avoid asserting that theao
were1 gross, open, palpable," such
Plainest understanding tntlat perceive
i"f ,0 tho&e bo nnot read tta
"ution as he dfs, not oven In -xcuse
r and 'tgnoTance to covet! their aberra
; this charge goeaout to the pation,
tmdei the authority of the Ben.
"ncrr-u bs already, gone forth party
' " already seiaed iti- delraetiun haa
ber.!l,i!','"P crec!"liy nay believe itf
Ken to understand, thrf its
Offlci'. olir Consul at Smyni, cbminiasinn
era w cjfp?f this object. VAey. w.ere furnish
ed-witit uil powers; eomiiiiSiiioneil under tW
'great seal, snd Instructed to make a Treaty ip
cecnre this onject.7 a. hi was tesigneo.iO as
a secret mission) it. was never coinmumca'til
to the Senate, tor wirthe appotntmcjtt of hc'
commissioners aubmiUed to tieni frr epjdV
wtaiiom bO'wevoK from tome entile, not 'vet-
e&ljf ondefstood. hat as nwiiyiielie ve, from
ta'atiyfailt ai A tliia failure beeartie knoWi1!
soon; Per Mr rdams : ,'niJout- of otHce.
The object sncrfavm? ei." "rfP0'
tan-ce, it very, early attvaeted the. sttetion of
fhe present admlnUtrati mj and to Avcjd;il)e
jnterierenoe of other nations Snd better to se.
euro the eprey of l6 operation, MrRhlnd
WS JappoUted Consnl "tot Odessa, W;it was
furnished ;:! full powers, directed jointly
and eer!ly 4 Mmt: Commodorff , Biodlc,
nd Ift t?lty;'4te.. was directed,' -. nttdef the
Cover of his consular apnotsitmenti to proceed
to ConstantinOpl. and there negotiate for
tl freot eritranc . into thejack , Sea;; lie
wentlthM,'."li)S hject-- Wa tiot Ueeied,
and On the 7ttV.- Hy. last e ; Cprvciurtel a
treacvr which was signed py KeasrSOfiley
and Middle, Uy havingr Arrived lo the inter.
val,on the Jay befire th adjournment of ye
Senate u its lat Session,. Thi? last cqmniia,
sion, like, the . preceding appointments,' by
Mr,f,.Aiamsy-rVM.nuae.:j. tnofreccesjot ine
Senatei; and as 'w been theTcase in, hce
inslacces, the ttames of the commisbionets
were not submitted to the Sengte tor eOitTir
Any tiiTitr, Crsiereate! ty tjvr. tnu.t
evbtr rirf irr. Eret ctiU ru-J . thtir tt ie cf c.in rn'.i
'on me it feteirilr listf Ihe jwtti"l asnc'.on a n.T
of rt"in',ii. an tet.tiiroK atfnts io sVccrru;.!
efed trt v us or r snip of it 4 - iaif a--'rnt, AuJ it m
a
. f I4 .'
. t f ; '
11 i.r,
T ' r ,r
u "...
rtttinen'i. in tt.e Lnsrihi;i'o tif tUe o'eryra tKtl t.f tta
Lss'trd htates this f .rr it iliiccf: t:a rK;' on any t x
tHo I're-idetit lone tre rivKt ts re-J this kin l, bjr 'ie Sj-jn j.
mr ftr.n Mlni.. mr:,.rT lb?' r.ult'nt rt-) litwuiiuu st to the pr
pTlRi3k trt'ie.,KIi)jstt to lUlt5c!,rVJt!iiin of tl M.r,iI- r lt
Sftit r e,f -lr. vHt of wakir. ' intended to ha br Lsw ia nr.f 1
be vsennt at Ihe n-omfM tiJs islp Vi ee Irrtliw t.ime !f, oti s nrcea bf the Ht jppr.ipriatn ill rs-.tr J in
rt cehsertuenee, that of ar-fnur tR where 40 UOO tbllsrs is srr'
PTimitiiTanwi tnrjaio to u matte. atej, lr the Bpjrr o pwicu! if
ivn isw, ittnii"rr,
P'oveti uj t irnawrnt. lint rnst
ifcf .r'i!S bo ilarin; the eoii tf tfvr
Senate.- lie is,' tWrtfme. bt urif .i R'.l
it,JtK-cii the yitji.ct nft tty fp
pn dunn.tlit vtaien, tut it W
wsts tn ht kroTi tV at that pri WhI.
lint sunpos a law to br i-el. rnrmir
ftij; thf putatment f tertoi ifTicrr.
icU is not lo tak cSVct until a tlia
kot' pwJ,"tr ttitt it !enrrifenf an
tn onreruii.tvrnr, t!it'tim
the rnate sunulti not he tn esHa, can
H bt doobttJ ti4 ibtTretulent srooM
be .utinried fo nukr a trmporirj ap.
po'tiitmrnt tu Bit iuth wijiiial tacantyr
If ettiliJ, b? v.hat auihwitv? t
IM law atireltr for that f inntt 'alrer i
corwtitutinniit t'v i!T tho Se a!e, utr
lets the office" W n inferior re.siri!
thai riftfit t fill it tsr.hottt'the eonrur
recce of the Srtjaie he ejpiesi.lt t'rn
by the law: it tntist bejlhew bV the lit
eriV CtPiisiiuction.of Vut aecijnn; vhul
1 roiiteuJ is the true coitructin; -t)n
which liubject, ir, penn'u me to at&te
a rnanifejt'diift-ffort in thertilea" for
intf rttrehn' the' t'onstiiMlron. AVhrn
the'ejuestjon li(Whether a rrriaio tiW
r U grants bv iflu the. fjenrrsl Oo-
teinment, or reterveij , tn (he Slates-
r fresrT tn. mitMoris.- but - fur the aarport .f auth
eierTrrttnth?eitrtiseoflhifonttion j: a he fjbs) Prrndenl l-.a!l
Hie rnnrorot the fi"t Prttft eoter- j ruminlini to serve the United Su'ft.
ea mtrtotfee, hena.i ,tlie hlv per. ia forsirn pms, end fur their
lULl-
t i .: .ir . " .l. . . .. .
ri i tuner mj nnoscit, or j m , Uentl expnae; ana Its on'J liftii'- -ers.1
' ; .''Hha Uthet vt their corenrrMtio f.w.
The law of 'nation,, ewter; . to-' , thUjAT-retH rrdg. wbicn hssrerosia-
wmcn. i nave rticrrea, nianf a matins
tioo, a 1 fitfpt abinusntlj( to firove',
heuteea two (fasses r-f ieo!a by whom
. . , i . . .
tne nipjumsiic mifrctiurve ma v oe rir
ntH if dUtingqishei bttweeo public
Ministers tail prititlf rots. ! tht
firkt'rje . :ncluiU$J :- 9b&m4n.'.hi
toft, ttrJtnafy and F.tlra6rtliisrf, M-
tsitr tteaident, Clurjr's trAffjires, Coft
uis. etc. Itr the second c!a there
can be on rlilsljorj .of rank, btit, tht
powers may the as extensive at-ihnse
jivert njr of the qiher.' The pow
er to male treaties, tlirn, incUdrs thst
of ippoSmir eai, a well of tlie nae
as f the other r lsa. ' l)ut the- Consti
tutton .has nlKeed ' a limitttiotj on thr'J
power f Ippnininj" thoe jpf . the tSrtf
el rf ivtut hiVing, civeiTriotie. to this
oC the sei-ond.-the Prettdrfit' tiat-r ir
withpol resirieirnn. jrtii" bra'ncli'' bH
hi that rase, wheuevrr. there is rrt-; the arirumenl. however, nur tnnutrv
tonaLle.tloubt, 'k txvier iosd isot .-'tb' i. relate 'to the TiWcMinistertmlv:
be - excrcied, Buhsthere th StnWarn! t!ie .quesfipn U 'wi.ethef Ihe Pie4 J
rr?i claim the power; vhere it U pUlrt'tft(r !arhi the 'reiess of the Seoat
1y their tiljetr nUtheii' interest that le'thefto at ptr itV hbm' We be
lt thculd be exercised by' the Veilfral :fre,-li(t sent .W: inch linte?,.tir' io
uoverr.menij ancr tntf oni? quetni -ts,-ftu a sacsner in the mrsson to t eouo
ry district in time Jif war (iics--his , lo
cannot b supplied; t!i moat jinjuirtsn.:
Vperatrprm on w-htcri- 'fhri retjr '.'ofvthe
cuahtry depvmis must'fceiittippf'd. Jn
the ditsi't rtprrntipps of ou Nfiv,the
is me oV "veiitR-jhiH riwil iriconvtifii-
(Dte occur, ' At "fhp snninciit of cbt
c!ulitis; a commerci&l.. arrsngrpwit, by
hitth imtneone advantages are o 1m
enured,r a treaty of peep, wtiirh is to
save the conntry perhaps Iront qe.vasta
tinn,' wmr plynipoieiitiry-" dir.', tfurtpj
ti'.e'Siiiisioijr of Crfg.r'e!i's,.utbi;ltte th,t'
Prei-Wpjit is appriaed of it. lie rsnmt
su)fly his place. Thftr;ommerri!iKad
ytafscs;.are lovt- the" wsar must .rige
rtiA.cuntrj .i'Usfct foe tcvats(eii; "r be
csu,e tacpi djruss to jthelihrai "cptistrttC"
tion of the cIsum! the v,tchcy happetied
duritis the aeiun, tint tn, .'the: .rece?,
'Hie Prebe.n .'jhA-K-'d-nwin-, t
iciriedy these evilsV outd ic guitly of,rc
" I.avt!essusurct!o:i i oncouitiiNion.
t tl rtowtirfl . .Ab4 bcfeeftyaji, gikardiiitit
b: otir rt h t orl th ; s n oor w oul d tic -;
poutlce ail Jbone Avfip might pft'sum to
tbinlt differently, as .'men 5reorty-ko'leV
trte 1nhH,, of the, btnlj to wlMtr' ey
belong at tho' feei p Exet:u(lve" pew"-"
er.--i. v . . ' ," ? ' ' '.'-e '-, X
'Tlie? .,,t"i'and a,n dYed":; other ; oJ
conyeAienftfs'iivla fie' stated, 9$
tietsNtiv Dcwsible, but Dwbabfe. but c?r
faitraiwi ioevuabfe, nd toast occur tju-s
ri Xlralon'Betiesof ags in, wikh it
nouc uaaoMnoo? prayer wat.,iKir Con
i ti t u f ion may fi r e't-ar.. t h ey; B ot.'grea' tZ
Must titcy"; .not ;bae( , been
CcuUl tfTey havttsciped 4he wisdom
and dcej frculght ol the ngei who
by wlit .branch; awl ;n hat ir.asioer-r'trt' where we befote Vad Ministeri-if
tnerj tne troe tuie i jnierpretatunt that tacaocy;r)oua havp occurred da
thar M'btch wdl tve kttftx to the pow, ring: the aession-ipf the Senate. cThjs ta
er, rat her 1 han thali .fchich i woo Id A e. I here the dole question? rot" I n! nut, thar
fctroy it. In the"' case' of interfeiinx 'io 'Ml 'ctati'iot apptftrtttneM,'. j'jpMti
clsim .between thn Utea individuallyjfortign -roissioHS.r snade in the receao;
ana their tetierai head, ihtf riiwia most w'. the President j; b:oiid t submit ; the
bjeet.: llavipj;
0 that' the i power inque8in ipdnjioaiion 'tVsi eqaiw.ttt toejtt
rtded ..be granted before itriiei;Ungi!; ThU
e (he c.rftlu'nAthiatitl t nhWt'wtsbUet.T-tlavittx'' tt"Wwer'1iw
Iona t the 'General Covernment,, make Ireattea, afterwait!vto;be'!
U hVt there'." doubt' there can be, rjn'mitted to the Senate'; he' President
.uyIi cofirhuiioti.1 Therefore, the pr.wer;the right to ieteel the tiatlon with wl
can cons
tons
malionvTheat as the fccis,od on hera U t V" , vmus-.hvw,,. . ui uifY
founded the, acouaation we baveheardi- i i 1 ot pwyjUetl J.rtp9lf - M J 'beUpt, Is
! ' Xet oi remember'tluit. this is not a mink J tbat the t -bave, by ltk, .ettoti:';'in;attear
tion.wljiclcon'cet'pslha.i'ntfiiem
State nghti'tuat it Ki uh Naoavexf or j ( ;t , aii twfflicit'ii,that ihafe bati;'
;ui!t;ct4T-u: iiuwnn,;jiii """-J Jlry"
rnooo ot eaterwsrng'.one coniesseti
tjft; General fJttreriiBeot-TP.that of.
the naraavof all $b State wiilC foreign C i ytWCKlo tne. fteuat ituewi ; anl
rsy--:y'' kpp''afi'witFtowalst'hatW
hieR uurinc the rece! 4hehuate.
; l will rllinic, ih wvvi,-wi; (jwniiy.n(i yvar OtC JCI KlUhl y tdiuroue'.i tor. Jyt
Jhesfr seriojts; hga
ThefirsUfhet (aUUoug1i, l do lio ttonkltiei'-A
appficable to Vie present ess.,) ts tburthemS" alin?""
Jl -,.i..ilrx di.i' .a . teral one. ft WhvP IIecauiio tt waa etn
Minister durine tbe retets of Uie Senate, o ! 05nl J t iritentrop 01 ,th ectHn to
any puwer where ,no such 'Mitiister bad arsj'ti(ni jt i '.Hit Case; of .titHceai hare
vioiMly enste:, or ven ii sucn rniamon qai ard thfttfcastins which. jUstity 4 dewr
previously ex.ed, tsnlest the vacancy occ.rr. . Ln j, J, ft the sec
red after the adjournment of the Senate. To
this position I aecede; in none of its parts.
But if t should err on this subject, t hope to
show that the establishment of ibis construe,
lion will not jusury the charge thai i wuna :
ed upon it. f J-''
I construe the Constitution as I ' wouM any
othei' ;Stten instrument, by its words', ?wbere
they are teitphcit---here there is doubt, by
tlje coiileat by the p1in object o? its fra
meriubv a view of tbe evils.it was inienueu
to remedy, the oircuistsncea under which it
was made,nd the cbntemporancous eon
struction and uniform -practice .lander it.'.' To
adhere to its letter, wilhput these aids, would
sometimes defeat the pejrers evidently mteo
ded 0 b invested by if sometimes give l
greater than were eoniemplated. ; rat itir
staneer th President at directed tlftakecate
that tbe laws be faithfully executed.".: .Take
thia lUerallv. witliout av aid frgni the rules
of construction have laid down, ' ana youj
gfve him all power but ttiat of legi.-Oation. In
the article next preceding, it is sid that no
State shall e'.ef into any cmpgt or. oy reSk
.ij'.ih aAnttipr Slat wilitout tli cun'acnt
giatratts has rti.i;i,.-i m . r.-....i ;n.,.rKVI,
i or.
M . ....... v u . i i. .... w
Was lllmmiv.i. l - v.. :
Jb '""rumen? of ott.fcr. in ita
mi,,,. , m. ui uiticra in us
o tLal.SP .f " ready, unless .they
1
lVninia7 .'6i I . to "" 1
i ainaTiJV'ik Prrlcidal act.
would . prevent settlement of disputed
bounJariesi or any other arrangement which
mutual accommodation fo' the acknowieiig
ment of deeds, thajirrest of fugitives, or slmi
lar objta, might, require. Let us examine
the position by these ruies. -i ; ; ' a,
Tho Constitutief recU fbat tho Presi
dent shall pemiaaUfc aad ! and whb ' th
ttorj in this io'nc. ' 4i?e there bone
in the case befme "us? . think 'they
fcafe leen alfcady fufficionjly t pointed
out. vi Another, rbap, of some, though
I do not ihmk tt cotjclu-tves wetxht, ii
triatv th omission' pi, a commas, which
W(tit"rob4bly inserted iAte draft aOer
the, word happen, vy have yen .rise
that casethe pertud deso ibd, tli
the rccees . .4i..seat;.wt8U;aMi
to the antecedent: power of fi'ifitiK "tb
yacaoeyfiMtt 1 to the octiurrf nee ot the
eyent by "whtch it :was - createdJ.My
etpoitJoa bf this clsirfe,': therefore, is,
that tt per mita the Preiddeht to fill t
vseaoties in any of the enumerated of.
ficea,, wisetber' tliey occuf during the
recesss, or eva durHg the, session of the
S&nae,' if (He vacancy was not ..known
lo him, or- toutd not be supplied during
the apsa'ioo; but that lie would be guilty
of a ureacb of duty if be eppoiuled them
daring the session, and dnl not tend ' in
the notninalion to; the $tniitlliWt..:,
j.'ilt waaiaaid Am , tm anbjecf, that'Tio
President hadi trtndarrd to fill .Uff an
original vacancy io an office after toe
endof the aiaeiaa it which tht law
sub-
has
hum
Vnust Vet;a jt'vr; thlt U; withVthe-guch trealie are to be" made, and lk
w. . n 1 n .' - L . ' .'a:. l i- ,ll - .' 1.' .. ' -L . . ip . ..... l. - . ... '
.3inic vu-iiinriH. jiui m lucurp- nme most isToraoie lor waging tnpm.
iron, bovV a power t:iuifeed!y granted. Thf timmay-occur slurjtiixhr recess
is : Weyereis'edjher.attCih-wUoluteto ths'6e'natV,- atid be therefore haa'ihe
cerUitity not; reouired.he; Lst poWero fJI ths 0ririna. arncy by the
t!ttty.Hfbe eipitiir 3s toadopt seme appointment of a pubfip Minister ) ibut,
concluiijoR that will gtye afTe'ct tt( ih Sn'tbat ae-'lJ?bcjtbtition' 'is-carr
tle'ctaf ed and cnnfehstdvgrant C power. Vieil i4''by-iuc:idii(ertiiiuaH,taiKd
Arjit altbttiiEb tht re ti. ay be doubtsa ftf tb numibation to the1 Senate at some
to the tRetiey by which ,tbeintent Is1 ttf timt dirrir.' their ' lesion J,if he wishes.
ut yti; vrJ, luv oc wf's.ii ine, appoint went .to., coijuwie oey ora
and .tl' fiecihiori hdejVaccivdif'g, cf thait." pefiod,lff fob fthe 'ijonfrarybe
,ihe pepnUf tance of the .reasons in, fl- fjnda ; no occkslpn lbr .exierjfJWisfrtht
vor. of either of ;the department t(im. potvfra 'bf tbe'JMininter,; beyond 'the
n& H, Thu,-tn'thh present tnBlsncfrji time at which bis curnmiMjorttWould tfr
itls ;th8 !aodeitiefnd expres
tbe Constiiation that o
oe, nm-u ov me-u rcsigeni,' wjr.i tne aa-('wui ueiade at thattime.'of the fifco-'
vjerv,ar)d tonsetit: tl ihe Sebate) wepfiatiofiii;il) Ibe.bmWn -'off, te fna'y:t
fiey erejin ses-jion ainl bv.a tenipo-; hts5icrelionrnf'iSflttk
ra7 iapp,0!atrae,1,n :(e re
.vshkj. v . i iivv''r ""wTr'ri, untitT oia (jesponwuiiuy o tne nai
tivejitfe ia two tostrcfions?.v:Ry '-t fionV" b?it, in ? tny ' dpiliiobhe ;tliarly
itb';evident iBtefttwill'ftarrieaibit'tHowe
inlo ePettnj adding it
he,H! cnw-tor lottoee period thartlii-i A- L;J 'iA ; tilll
f V a Sr txs V t (11 1L , ".SSV : lUlfl?WHiVLU riJIJIl
or , the Pretittentiir-i liv, '4hi nilurj? m 't.... i -sLk
"T"' A"T VT M'niat.r NnipfltehHary-'ii Aerrfiai
1rttC1.t:w,ttbefeatt:d
fefoat.;aiB:t;for
of ?ighf-n neijiioftths. hichvo
wouiu ftottiMf be the best but. tho sa
fs)t: - Jor, not;. r.it)ei.)iicOOvenitice',
lUt, 1 hv l)ecri allin.t;'di!8ciirwrA"W
jhat; ti.brYn-iuefed,v ''attiJnd
the;jpjmer),o U:i.carywic.h
otcJura.jliiriba the iession:. but wbicb is
Ukbewa, toJth4sident , Hntti fhe' fe linVtion,' tbd a
ees, not , a. iu:e:iicbbYenjence;jhat ried-iibbua
urn v uv-iBv ji me, vacancy uappens
in the j-ecesj T hUethe necessity for
lillibg itiiquAHy evjde W
p,v GoyeuititTop;
hate (the? highest respect,; I knbW- difier
from, the tin this toiU and it ii irobi
bte they may be right, -4 expresii tuy
"pimon v iiiereiy ircve jnjtsnBa i fn rent in kind ,
caue.,i.r.n, auu.my conaiiluenta -and btber, ,;Tbe
w. l)i i r ui'UKiaiBiiu.i JJ.fl, 1111 vai'faoinA-' I
inuuir!i it lavs at
the bottom of the ar-
to all lye atnuiguity ia theohfaso.',' In J."giien$ .lajtsh - haa beejo bfced ' by-tbe
iat is45tiii.:?r;,iwni v irginiaj t ;o rot UitnK,
is i h5pe to ahow, jhat it is the point
on - whitih the present quelion is o be
or e iu eju ; iff, $k;p h &'f$'
Xv:1Te rea(inln 1 hate hitherto 'used
is! ''applicable to the appointment of All
officer,' a well Ministers to foreign
Power a oi her but there Ir reasons
pecuhaf Id the formefi' which prce the
authority; to commission thent during
the ree'eat m a diifereht cfound. 'i l'lie
b aV e-1 be pa met t , appoi rn es scORera
to pirry despStche t different Courts,
Woutd 'the..iBcsefleer tir Londori,' the
one :$ft Paris, tr? t. - Peter jliurg, M
stverai, anq wuncijpnicera.fOri would
the itffiCe be the lubatsnte and the dt
arcldent. liable tb be a'
tterina Ihe character Jof
ii..LHM..'.niw.n..iS' :r .i.L n.i
,HF j'jwunuiu" ,. giu ii uie rresi
dent bid beeiB'vtkuthbrized to apptin(
3usiceHf the Peate for the Tstrit t
p ol iimbi aurejjf-J tntihtf appot ioh
tlienv'j tb th d;itvf Cai jciHes," Vudtheir
parjiculaif destinaliori' would not make
the- Jfistiee fur once town an officer il'if :
from the'Jostice of trr
Cohstitution purs tJie ofTi-
ntxters preciaeiy on the
otuiiigs it : doe not limit jfw
nvniM,or.a''iy,; law road. iuch
iimilatioiii a,it"tu)w'Und8,t and ever
has 'btuodyand roust j-enisin, oulil the
Legislature 'ihal't declare' how jmany of.
ficers of.jthii desciiptipn there bnlj bst,
it i" necessarily a matter of sound dis
cretion with the : President ''tojwhat
Courts the exigencies of the country
require that a public resident Xlinister
should be seat. In case of a pey tni-.-sion,
as bis nomination may be reject
ed, either becaufM) the Sena'te think the
muiaiofl inexpedient, or because they
tpce of Minister .t A foreign Power disapprote of the man, jh will general
aenvea its autnotiiy irbm the law ol na-s ly avoid maktn such appointments,
tinni.; "The intercourse .which th po. f wlthou t'caiifultips the Scnat by sub
litical relations of diflVrcnt' Stales to'-J mittitig the nomination, unless the exi
wards each.io modern times, requires, 'genry -of the case require jt. - And as
their- mutual Vwantt,;' and the comityto the exigence of such n'eeesily( he
which exists betweem thcfn. render the must Und unuii bis reEDunsibilitt to
I frequent, and generally the permanent, tht people; to bt enforced, ia case of
intervention f tgenta froaa on 9 tht aa an wUa ert'wa tf Ut powt ky ' i?2 Viaty ec
ed nncluned to the present day,
- The prominent and trikir cue rf
Minister appointed lo mjke pesrt -rin'
!b rertts of th Sensa too 1 S3
directly in tvi wsy nf' tha , t ' t
which denies ' e power lo crette a r t ! .-,..
mission lit the rectsa, that, the ab 'u'a .
nectisil I'f etBiovin orgetiir" roun l
it s apparent,..' But IttouM c ta ; ,
removed,-. T"hr It .aland its- tiis,'
tenca'eviilrnt -it coastnutitinality not t
muDtea us ansoiut .; necesiiiy . un
rrnestioijd.,j4vhst ws to be, dn -
the Ingenuity of the henitor from Vjr- .
ginU Olf Taiewein, has provide! t .
remedy.' ' The whole i referred to Ihe- ' -
wsf nukif; , powers. '. Th Prcsulent '
U.Comrotnder in Chief of the Army, ' ; " ,
It ma: find it hecfJry, tq makt an,-
armistice. - lU mdy t fleet this by sucfc'V V .
agfepis' hi think proper The" Plea .4 ;.
tpontUritl to treat oC peact are not' , ' ;- ;
Minuter, they ire agent, to negntUlt;
ad armistice,. -As well, say he,, may tun ) ; ,
Call the officer lent to negotiate an ex-" t- 1
change of prisoners, or settle the term'.' d -'
(jf capitulation for a fortress; a well-';'.-'; '
might you call, hjm a Minister as th r'
peNona ent to settle the armistice. .,1
V.lt ii omewhat Vnfortunate for ttii -argument
that negociator for peace artt L V
intarib5"Plenipttentiaries: that theiri V. :
faathortty 4 authentitated by tht.am'-'.,:-
oroaa seat that is supposed to have ad- ';;
ded ao'-nttich dignity to the diplomatic 5 v.
character vof TMer9.-0iney. Kid.il .V ?
'and Uhlrtdt-that they re;rii, rjot mi!i-'v.;i
tiryolUcersi! that sthty exeban their '
full power with those wjlh whom they
treaujhat.'the agreement they tn - Yv.'
atennMarmistitet-iintei'vaU between
act cf hot'dity-i-buf treatie of peace," V '
which put an Btl-to ;themj iad that V ' '
ninety ftn imeftn -h i hundreds jh f ,;
putting an end to hoslilitie j only one it
out of many of the (ipulation r ntpin- t b
edio A treaty ot peace. ' :The r'JfcjC'- '
tnaking' it.'i thetefote.-U pot a bV3F-V
of Abat war .power,'buf that which i v
If very antagonist; th power to ".maktC.:'
trfatiesvA tipuiatiort:that th naiiont "
uiwci-u nuviii jt i tvniDicieit t-nau re , 4
main at peace' with s each other, cveo:'r
hpufd it f ontain'. no other 'agreement; V''
would Ij as much treaty a n v n '.i-r ,6 ;
tti'atter?W msdei It J caiU;! br:'v':-.;
thl4;r;nimei,itV.l8eg ;y , the ' ;
same ineittis, requires vne1 aamt cerrtnosr- .
triesitt ita inteption.Wd the ame i atiii- H j
cation fnr '.iu yalidity, va other treatie l -arAr1?
Vby;;then;4H " if an,Armitice; Y "
which ifefer; fatifiviby- the,treaty. v '
ni'akinf,; poyt ei?rf thliiiiionl Why ', V ...
liXeii'tnbe cipifulation .-.'or a fortressj
olt -ar); exchange of pritouersf, : because;
the aj-gmnent, ahowedlhftt here, at tet,'K ' '
wa a tjase rn. .which - the Constitution
coqld no bear the ttfict ";te rbal .coni'-'f .
truQtior that was contended for; and ' '-"v
th ptjfccedrnt rjfoved; tH.it It. lail been'
dpiyti-d ftoittij i pt,tt1cek:and ..that the
iil-h.pill, MAtoW' K a n h ..... ..' ,AKv-''..',
ii,llo U" Uti UFCII qUttl,: t'a,,,-..?,,,
mucVb; Utlgmat&etf, bythe' epithet i-l
JiOerally ; bestowed on the Tutkr
iiimsiiiii, ,, v mis insae ,tt ne r
either to Abandon the armamen t .-.
Another xhatacter; to theoower of an, X
pHb'S Minister "m the recess , Wr
Ihe tayagt of wrr when' , perhapa jt M
continuance mighj Endanger; the ji.' ' ':
tehee of jhe ,riation: Af treaty of peact :
is, for this ream; tailed an armiiticei 4 :;':'
and; the Ministeft. f lefiipptentiary ? who Vp-
uuciuoe ii. ie,,uy we ai guinerit placed ;
bo lhe.ajne fepting with the uba!tern
whais-i led "blind ToTded into the pt :.
tern of besieged fort, to aumraon it t j '
furrrtider. " . , - i'i' - ; "-"
; But tht.Senator halt.haye it which
-I. i L. - - I . . " Warts '"' "' , , '-.f ,'
way no pieasea.' ne powarto put aq
end to a desfractite fwa; 1y ;the' an.
p'-.tntment of Minister In theecess rf.V
thf Senate, ia acknowledged. 'Ii it t i
rightful exercise of i power under tl.a
Consfitutionr (t Then it can only be by '
giving lo.the .clause the "constractif -
which1 1 have put upnn It. , Is it a powt.
Otiff the Constitutnir.f - Tli.V ihe .r-
end which I contend forV&y a legitimatt
construction, is to b allowed I? t' .
dingerotM p'ea ofltecessity--.; fr-. ' ,'c
rant' pleawhich may not ex., t v ' ;
uBca eym to justify a peace. Ii u -ay t
be humane and ecsveriient c. 1 rrotr !
to 'put an etui to tha dc ' , cf
p"t the exist"-. ; tf
tion i -, k ur'l i . 3 ; '
s ivc it i i '.r,,,on, i
eriv r Kin,' no ' ncces,. ; ,
bIuIMj Uis'.caso' cf Cece'-'ity, t
musl hi d. r.'HMPi) f the i inr'.'!
nry
'
1 i
to avail hi.uH.
mitted, will be I,
sea that are four, 1
tl'.e plea of ,v,rcfr
justify a treaty m
istera appointed i t the
it not cover I. La
fat
c i..!
i,&t
1 ii
v ...
-..
it hi
hy
vhy
tr r
1 tv
tit...'.
.. 1 .1 "
i...jy
r. i
-: 'tv .
7
:&i-'
" ; ;t..-f : f c,''r ;:vr"iv
--; v.:;--.:- -:.'VV 'S'