Newspapers / Daily State Journal (Raleigh, … / Dec. 8, 1860, edition 1 / Page 1
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;'::3:h 7?!; '; ': ;-'j:f -' ' .- -7 RALEIGH, N. C, ATURDAY, iOECEMBEE 8, 18G0. . r. -f 'T -"'-.V ;;::;OliplJ 7 . t ' - -' ". i; :i 4 V j j ; -' ' : ; ' i , " V " V . ; . ' . - ' ' . -,: V j, ;-; '' '. j-' V. 4 4vl f 7-' --j".-. - f- A'l: !' ' ' '-'i. - . ' J'.I-'W - : - 4 P . V ' ' 7;7-;"', ; ' "'";' r ' ; T ' V i,- ; ' NO 3; i "3- r a !-' -b V:. r i-il! (the iatt jwirnai. , JQII.V tH'F.LMAX; FRIXTKIt 1 jlllE STATE r Below we present Chat portum or the 1 rsi 1 .. ' are itvir to. Federal Arrairs. " Hcrcaficr will giVA tltj rriuiim.icr : !' vlT.iinTiTrr5 XflXfQ K fir f kwtl -ffomn of prcilrhvcs : W thVLubotit :tiievcaripfciicc' bur last "mecti. L w.., itrvi Wiis l.eeu emi nentlt prosperous ipUU ii J ittatinalites-; "To.geiiiif health- has bjen . frtiltcdS :"duf harvts'-have &cjr.atiunqent, s(na ty smites UUroughcrui the Mnd. . uur cqm- - p- ' Iwltticticrg and indutry, .atrdliive.yickleii fkir uutil Within a very recent penxj. , v 1 .nVH. i';t; t!i4--, that diseorijeni -ihjw s extc-lyj- prt-v;rils; a rt'i the Unojof the tatfcs, ivbKh is f he . M.u rcni of .ill. tljehc blowings, is t threiitehcdi with destraet ion 1 he ion eoutn- jcrh' poi'pli ;witu'.th'e ;.iuptln j. ,;iCs".iiUrii 't:itfn hart iit li-nthj f slaver v bro dnc.'i its lia- Ii V.Vrai ecis7fjVr:-differqt.,mHtiu Umnii rV . ; 1L ' .1 . I t U..f.L Ht Finf .rwl tibiiu -.riivwi; w liluch dniaded; ljV- the Fat'acif of :ij(hwtg wlfeu ho-tlle' geprapjucal , parties jt've Jwn fanned.', f have If)ii fores leu jjd ( li;ndiHg danger : T lib does jriot proeil solely iroiii ithe vlaiiJi iWthe jart of. Qoiijrress orjthe' :ttw tonal 4 c fela t u'ce's , tki exclude ; slavery fibiii .'-tjic TcjrrUories; uof rVwntiiOHieilbrts' of difT'-i iit K si'iVe law-'; All or y.nv of these eviw miirut uave, fi tii eudurd hy tfi -.bouta Kithoin "yah ire t- the Viiiyn4- (a others liave-s!Jbee!i,) iu'.tHa hbpe I that (iie aiid reUiM-ftiun .juihtt ;t; 4y thq cemddy ' ie immuiant.: n'fru arisen -;tiof, so tuucJt irotn theAe icause5. ias' fwiy the iacq that lhe inee.sHaiit ;?Uid violeiat aitati(j!r (f ; the q'iiestit'ii il l Voil.E hoii it fch 4 N i r t h f of j t h e t . j ; is t :r M a iiturV4li;iillrt .fch-itli l.rndticed'it.s iirLiIiri iii-' iifuci we a; th-.slavek, khl jiispircd.thein with! va iie tiotiotis of .freeaoiiiV . llfjiee a sews'e of s?cu- 'f..'.'.Ji'ify.'Jo loWret exists-aroifiid th;'faii'dfyi' altar. -. This- feeling .f pelce- zV.liinm- has give ft place, to apfrcuc'DMijiu, ot servile insurrection.,--; Jlany a . niatn-ti th'roirgiioiit the South retires at' night in m! read' of ihati luy befall 1u:rsi lf and her, ehil- .'drew iefofe t'.ie. lvon.isig.. luld' tid.-t apjpre- " viri4ion ofdjuuiji," danger, kvlik'ther rekl ,or ijn a'gi'nry,?4steHd; aiid intt tjsltj itself until ithall perv ade-tl iui asses : t wftlii ' .:;.,l ,Hl...... iUisuniwu; milt bcc'me iuvvitahleo Serif pigsqrva- tioni hi the first law f utituiie, arid- ha;'lcCTi?'.iui- plittot ill the hart of uniti his ( 'reatoi- for V..rh'.,4-.uriMo ; '.'a yd no bojincal uiuot;,. Jiowr- -verj lraflt-iisi' who- .uishi. iinu. uiieuis in an ivssRtfts, citn wf)g cunuiiue, u rue utees- K('rjti'"Tice ite xo .rentier xne ixiuh's ;ina ttirtisjdes ut uearlv halt itlitr-itartu i it iia- Ii . ! ' :.itll iitJ iilwl 111 jl.lli'-.! C l!t( U'W'. b'KHRT w la-' - ,tir tjf.rl4tti'i- nt uch a t niojf. must ne sovereu. I v . i - " . ft is AjV ' boii vi-i1 hi thaX tin fatiil periwd hals not (?od ris that lie t io n a ud i f fie I! hi On. yet ar iv9rd 'and uiyi prayi . woulki. lirest'f Vt? tlie' j mst ittl tliroiilrhoiit jiil irciieratwn ; Ukt lut us take wa'uiiig;' in timcf an 1 remove i: Jl.. '. 'i v.'.i.:.:.w,- T- i. j, ,",.. V l,..'";L,.;A.r!'l,.Vi- tiiej c;usd of d;i ngef. , It-.t-.limo.t-bo, denied tint. fWr.liive -a??d .twiMjry ve:ir, iiie- niiaiio i :. the n in- iXorjh -uiistlavt'i-)' in, th ; South' Has- bet4 ..Vt')iJ'i'nf:-f-.-M ii ! ptetori;! !lj linud)j . -.:J . Li, v'. . ; I , 1 - . , . '7 I .,1. ... .(linn.!. . ;i U.s, and in- it ula t ed xtetisivrly ' ?-.'th? mssif Hi's of the slaves: and. iu the ianiuaue ; '-4)1 Ajeuerai isuri-ettion . i'.K S fe -OH, ' ty stiinur.ite . trwm t - ni- and, nhiduce all L J lirs ai;it ;tuui the horrm s of a scr has iver since been uo ar. .cuu!U4ued by ih'v public .pre by the proeeed- flcjsj 'ot Svtate iauu cuiiiity eonVeii tiops, atid by alMuitionl sermons and letjtures. The. time d i o iiriesg has lievtuK-cuiiie 1 in vio '-v.ni ' sptjeclu.'s :;trt ; . .-aid appeals, in. -CTU t ii is j lie veiM-U'a ng fli t ) Ciidorscd f by uist.m ifcM it forth frm'n this Vuisht'd hiaiil i;, e . central nit, a 1 1 a sp r ea l b r id c ii -s t o v e r. t h o lln i o n . owjpsy wouiti it i o. sdttlc 'tlie- slavery ti u 1 the A inericais poo:.. y tjuistrou fmyvtr, tit is di'st una to .rmpre fmaee :aud : harmou to v: " eouhtryi ir ; "'T -''-' H ; , ihev aqd, tlievjil ne, an tli it. i All that ir nceessariv to afc'mpl'isb- tlfe-. objecfiiyd fill for - i-whiVli tfie : slave S.attis haw ever con ten tied, is to be let alone., amb-permitted to manage:1.their "iloipestiv lnstttu'itjus m their own way. As .-ov- -V-, ..crilXH ':i?tates,;t.hev,. aud tiiiey anre, a're r; snoii- i i iJU'loiieiore God ami the ivoi-hf'or the sb: very -. 't s!..:..:'J :::., -Li . ',:!- V. i ' i' ... -r;-vx un s-.miui ineni. l or i !i's,tpit ppie.-.r"- h' "thej Xorjtti are ml ino're npiinsibiH,. an i h!ve!.iio ;;' j,tH6re lri;lit to 'interfere. Kuhisi juilaifj instil i, titi:us lit ;asia or in -Hratd. t . Upoij theilr gmid WO; ana patriotic torbeal-auee cb es.4 'I sti 1 jf-rFe if "iyc i, V;iihtiihi'rVKi t' iWjbcydiid the p wer ;'df any irfeilent. u 'iiiatt' what ibay Ibe hik'.owtjl i'lt'olhicai p'roJc-Iiviticrf. to restore ne'ace .au it harfniotiv aiii'un-r th Slates. .Wisblv' limited ;tijdi retrained as is his power, uuder Unit Con- stStutiofitnil iavvs, tie . aloije i-an iccomnlis!i but iitth!. tmr iroo Ur lor e .. . ..- . ? - - - . . .-1 . . - i - yilJoitji'iich a ih-mleiitous .; ni(.Aidi.tlus Jirniirs !mt to' Wiserve that .tliiti el'c- f i.iH t.f jany one of our f dl4iv-eijizeiis in the office. ' ".j v "'H-'s uocpi its ii anorqjust cuasc ior rtissiiivliig the I nioti. TL;s is more1 esiiecially ; vV llhiseleetbni has : ben effected by .pliirali y.'apd. not a nijority, of the peor ''5' has resulted freui tnUisienif and tcmnorarv a mere 'rile ami ary purses, In prderto if -.-J.Avaieh iiaviirohadv,Mvi.H.f.iiii r-'nr 1, .qiiaypitiuaJiy,mfver ,'ain oceur. jhsfifyja . resort to fevolu'i.muary,,' n-istai:jce, tl '',4'uerl ' GrtypjHimt'hj.' must bij guilty of i deli crate, palpable, iind dangerous exercise'' of po, tri notj, granted hythe Coutituj!oi The la I- . - . Ill he! delib- pow- ' 5 r not! yraned hvrih.? ootii!itu . Th -Utn ' ' tnesiiiiMiti.-i I Mi-tii li,u-n,rr.'r. ' i..,.: i... i. ..i.i :.. ' ':, ;" let j phforiuiy H!r ; its expn-ss v Uow. Mh', can the result; justify a ir:---. distroy thus verv ' (.Kiitiitmn V 1 sipns. revolution to troy thus very 1 Coiistitufion 'i it ason. itis- ;: tice, regajrd for the Institution, i all jireqaire 11 hal1 H't for. sorue .overt and dacgerous atjt ottthe part of the President elect btjioreVre- ; . . 4- . sorting to sucu a reujedy.j ' V I ' 1 A- It ii said, however , that the' anteoeden s of the I :'l?: '-' 'i; president elect haveien suhtcieat to i:il'titV'ih if the South that hbj will teuirit to invade their constitutional ri 'hts. But :liensihs of cimtlrigent daii?er in thet futire uf icieniiio justity tnq iiiimaiaie.Ucjtructif u .of tho nbblfi: ' systent- bt govcrnuictit ever ide vised From the very nature of bis officr and ifs bigh; responsibilities, he h'mst necessan s i. vmttmm Iftn 4nfTT fP kA V 1 1 0 1 Ht ing ie vast and complicatt d concerns of tb Government; affords in itself a guarantee. tbat 1 will Vot atte opt any violation of a clear' constitit tionatT right After all, be ib no more than t ; ch ef execut ive officer of the Government. : H (; j rovtice is not to niaka, but to execut. , the laws i; and jtis a remarkable fact in our history, .th; ntifwiitbstanc ing t' e: re pea ted, efforts of the ant ; slavery part, no single act has ever5 passed O.on , reslj unless we may possibly except the Mi?son 'ri Ccjjiii promise, impairing.'ih the slightest degre. the rights of the South to their, property in slaves Andfit may also be observed, jing fom pres ent wdicaticnsr that no probability exists of th passage of such an afct by a majority -of' bot Houes, either in thfe present or the next Con gresi:! . Sur dy, under these Circumstances,- w ought to be resrai nfed from" prpscntaction by th preeppt of Him whj spake as never man sppket ' that I 'sufficient un) the day is t)ie evil thereof." The jday of ;v:l my never ctmeunless we ' sha rashfy brin it upon ourselves. v ' : w ltia;ailced aaneeause for immediate seees sicn f hat thp Southern :,StaU-s are denied equa lpglils with the other State's in the coaimon Ter ritorbs. iUjut by what autl ority are these denied-: Natpy Congress, which has never passed, and jelietve neWr will pass, any act to exclude slaver;.. iroii'Wio x tri -, cones ; uju ceri;uuiy uui uy iu Supmrkr (JtWrt.'whicli has solemnly decided that ; playes are property, and, lik'c'all other property, i theif jowiiers have a right' tt'takS theui into thoi common Ttrj-itorifs, and Iiyld them there underj. the I'fotccti.piv of the Coastitutioh. " :: ' "f .f Sf far. tHcnh," ;as '.CWgress. w' concerned., trJcob- jeciijin is not tV -anything hey, have'ai'reaiJy..done,' but b whatithciy may do here ilr(ei;. It wiU snrely be hlliiiittejd that- th(s ;app!libn.siori--;ot' .f utur.ii ; danler is nio -rotu 'Ttaioii iur 'iunnediate dis- r solution of tho.iUnftin.' 'It .k'iJ'iie . that the terf rit4)fiul legilshLture of Kansas j'-tlrts 23d of Feb ruai, 18Ct, passed in "ureat haste an ae.t,e over- the veto of ;t?ie erevnor,- tleclarin that '.slavery ritoiVi" .uch an act, howeveri'p'ainly yiolatingv the ightsiif property secured by ihsCinstituiou, r will kuV'jlyj be dt'chtVed void by the -judiciary wi':itiver lit snail he presented idji legal toju.. Ufnlv'thiee davs after mv iiia'ujruratloti thcSii- preiCouj-t (f thp United Stales soiemnly ad j iid jU rha this" power did not exist in atevritO njd.H egisI- iur'e' 'Yet, such has' bee a '.the-' factions tdm'or of j'tji-c times' that the correctness of tlsv (U'cipn has'been exteivsively iuipugned before th'efpkjplej and the ijiiostion has '-'giveu rise to ang-y poliiiea! c inflicts throughoutjthe country. Th(-d w.holhave appealed frotnhis judgmeut of 'iimii high est; coiistituti- tral tribunal to popular as sen)fies uld, if .thy could, invent a territoryil' legl-biturej with poyer to annul th! sacred rights ot Brotiertyl 1 his power Congress is expressly fifrMldden-by- the Federal Constitution to exercise. Fj fry. Stait; legislature in the TJnioif is forbidden by tts 'own 1 e?) nst mitiou - to cxcrcisa it;... it caunot A !je ilxyreisUlMn any State except by the people' in tlipir hjghest. sovereign 'capacity wheiiiraimng- or iniendipg their tate ctinsrituti-ui. in UKe niajiner,. 4 can only be exc' i i ed ty the. fHoplej of a Herrwory represented ' in a eon vent ww; ot dele iratsMMr ijiie purpose ot nauutig a eoiisiuuiii!i )iij)a'ratory to adniisioii"as a Stale into the Onion. Th;u, an'4 -n'o.t '-until thin, -are tJ i.icy invested witli in-(M- to u eeide the tjiuitigii wh"rtier slavery !iall or tvha 1 not ex;st within their limit . This is: an actjof .Kovereian i'uthoi ityand 'nt of siibtir liiVite ; ti t rit'Vr;al ligis!jtio:i. ' ;eie it. otherwise,, then iuiieed would, tlf. . i-ijirilitjy of the States':, in thu 'r4'Htine-.'Je dt.pyod, id the rights of prop-' 'of m in s!;iye- would "dcpcl'td,- iiot -uponi-thd. 'ghai diiptls of tfie 'ViHstimtioi! but upon the shitting- , . in i ;j or ft i t s 1 1 f ; a 1 1 i rres p ( )1 j db 1 e , t e rr i to r i al p e ipla- .1 r I . r .... ii.i.-i:'. .. U.ne. iMicii ; a, ooctruie, avom us liiuinsie .uo Ho lid n ess, . -cao hot long iiifiuetico any - considerable , portion bf ouh: people, much less, can it afjbrd a goid reason for a dissolu'ion Wt the Union, j 1 ifho inost palpable violations of .'cotstitufional duJ v tvhieh h ive yet beL-n chn idtted consist in jhfacts tif 'difierent StatoJegislaturesTo . deteat .execution' "-of. the' fugilive-.-lave . law. i, it oiiir'.it to be reinemb'ered, jhtiweverTthat for. these acfsj ' neither Congress ikir'.auV ('resident lean' j"utly:be li'e-ld.;i esj 'OHsible; '....Having- been passed iiiviol;i.t!n of th Federal Corisf iiutieii, :they are tiiirefore.nuu and" void. All the courts both StMe atidi hatpVi'ial, befiire 'whelm the- question nh arises! have. from the bey.inniri'r i declared m tugiti 'e-slave law to be'or.stitutioilal. (The si agio exeeptipu" is that of a State court in-Wis-cisin ; and this has not only jecn. reversed -by tl'iv proper appellate-'tribunal,, but met -with s'iJch univprsal rcirronation ttiat there can be no i i i dnniror frmi it as a 1 precedent. Th v I -. : vallditv of tlf-s la w has been esta dished over, ajid 'ovef . again bt' the St preuie Cour , of the United Stares with perfect unanimity..; ?Jt. is1 founded 'Opon an' cx7 pf'ss r revision ot the Constitution, rctpuiri i tliat' fugitive slaves vho escape from .service in' ! ooe State f6 another shall be " delivered; up t th'ir.iiast,ers. Without this provision t.is a. will-known bisfbrieabfacp that .-the Constitution cou d never have beou adopted by the! Con-. In One form ot other mider the acts of v tit ion jjj.j atiti : io'.j. both tieing substaut!allyi;the sijine, thejfugitive slave law bas beed. the. la ,of tieilaud fro tii the days, of Vvasliirigton until the .present moment, . Here . then, a clear case is ; Pfesentedi, in which it. will be-the duty of the - - . . . & . . .,-1 ip-xt i'res".(lent, as it .has been. my own, to act with, vigorin exfeeu'ting' t Ins 'supreme la vv against the' '. ejitiflictiiig enaetmonts of State legislatures: svfiuhl Ii ; fajl u the per o;n:ince of this high djii.tV, he (will then haVe manifested a 'disreyraid 4 ! i. , -. . ( - . . , - .. . off the po-'stitutiou and laws, to the great injury : " the people .of nearly oue half of the States of the Union.: But im we to presume jn advance tliat liGHvili thus "violate his! duty? This would 'le. at.wifr with every1 principle of justice and of tfhristiai; : chanty, h Let us ; wait for flic J. overt The fugitversiave law has-been carril; d in-'. t) execufjiou iu every contested case since the oimueiitpiieni oi j ine pre nt .aum.iriistratioii ; -.- j. . e . i 1 . i . . hour 'if ten! it is to. be: regretted, with cresit loss titl lncoiiveiiiouee to the irovcrnment. Iet lit? irut thajt the State legislatures will repeal their riconsti ntional - and obnoxiou cnactiuel -ts: -' "nh Cos tnis stial.r, tedone . witliout unueccssarv clav. it is imrklssiblo for nriv hiinian Tiower to t . - - , r: iave the union. ; ; . " t ' ' ' ': ! The Southern fates, standing on the basis of b Constitiitiou. havii a rirht to demand this 'act f justicf from tho States of the North. - Should t be refused, then .the Constitution, to which all he fttatis are'-parlies, will have. been wilfully vi- - 'f Mated blv o aUMl bjy onp! portion of them in. a provision - enuai io trie; uomest 10 security- and happiness or jthe ' rcniainder. In ' that e vqnt, tho injured States, after having first used all peaceful aed constitutional means to obtain redres?. would be justified in revolutionary resistance to the Got eninient of the Union. r ' . - ' . i i have purposely confined my remarks to rev- dutionarv resistance, because it has been claim ed within the, last few years' that Jany. State, whenever this shall" be its sovereign will and pleasure, iuay secede from the Union, in accor dance with the Constitution, and without any violation of the constitutional righ s of the other t inetnbers of the Confederacy. ' That as eachbe I came parties to the. Union by the vote of its own 1 people assembled in Convention, so any one of tbm may retire from the. Union in a similar manner: ;by the vote of such a convention; v' . In order to justify secession as a constitutional remedy ft must be on the .principle that the Fed eral. Government is a mere voluntary association ' of States, to be dissolved at pleasure by any one of the j. -contracting parties. If this be so, the Confederacy .is a rope of sand, to 1 be penetrated; and. dissolved by the first adverse, wave of public opinion, in any of' the States. . In this manner our. tnirty-tnree states may resolve memseives I in to &3iTitnyLjitt$t :jajrhdhoilo republics, 4 aeh one' retiring from the, 'Unlon, without res . ponsibihty, whenever any sudden excitement might impel them to such a course. By this process a Union might bt entirely broken, into iragnients' m a few weeks, which cost ur fore fathers many years of toil,' privation, and blood to establish. " -. . ,; '. Such a principle is wbo'ly inconsistent with the history as well as the character uf the Federal Con stitution. 'After it was framed, ,with the greatest deliberation and care,;it was submitted to' conven fitins of the people of the Several States for ratifi CMtion. , Irs 'previsions were discussed . at length in these bodies confnosed 'of the first-: men 0,f the cQuntr'y.' Its opponents coiiteuaed that it con ferred powers upn't.hu -'Federal Government dan 'gerous; to the lights of the States, whilst its ad vtat'es 'niaintaine'i that under a fair construction wf the-instruineirt there wasno foundation forshch. 'apprehensions -In that mighty'struggle betwoeu the first 'intellects of this or any other country it". iieVer okreurred tq any' , individual, .either ainjong opponents or advocates, to assert, orit6vcn o ijQ . it-fVVj, . tliati their efforts were all vain labor, vbecilise the"'iiiouient that any State felv her- self aggrieved she might Recede -' frpuutbe Uiiijljn." v7iat a ci uihing argu meiit Would this have pro v ed against those who -dreaded thai ,t he rights of the States would be endangered by-the-'-Consjiiu- tion. The trut h' is, that it wasliot until many years1 after the ongin of the Federal. Government, it hat such a proposition 'was first advanced. It ?was then m.:t and refuted by the conclusive afgu 'lifents'of General Jacksonr who in his message of llith January, 1 833, transmitting t he nullifying ordinance. Of South Carolina to Congress, em ploys, jtlje following language: The right of the ped l.le of a siiiijle State to absolve themselves at -will . and without the consent "of the other States. fi bn( their most solemn obligations, and -hazard the d ibe t ty a nd hitppi n ess of .the in illionS con i posing y this Union, cannot be acknowledged.":'-'' Such au-,-,i horit y is. belie veil tpbe .utterly repuirnaut, bo'tFr .')tO t be principles upon. "which tlie General -'Go'vcrn- nient ls ooiisimiTeu-ana io uie oojccls wiiicii ii Avas expressly iprniea to a;iain. - . . . : It not pretended, that any clause in tlie Cm jstifution gives ctiunteiiance to such a theory. Ifc'.js altogether founded upon'TnfpMice, not .from any language eptitaiiiQd in the instruuient'itseif, but from the soveieiiru-character of tlij several States by which it -was ratified. Uut is U beyond the power" of a StVte,. like ait i!idivitlual,'tt , yield a iioitiiti) of its sovereign riirhts to secure the rc- niairu t In thelbnuuae of Mr. Madison, who has been c life t'jtU otr the Constitutrou : ' k It- ..... ,.,.., m ! II' 1 .13 lUI IUL'4 K7 1 k. lu.v. . .mm . joj the States that .is, by the peo pie . in each of the -States, acting in tfi ieu" mo-ii- iest sovereign capacity ; , ami i jru-ied .consequently " by the.sa inc 'authoi'iiy, which ' formed the State c6i)sti utiti"s. ' ' t . . '. ". -.' - Nor is the Government of. the United States created by the Constitution, less a Government in thc'stiict sense of the tcrin. within thephcre of its jviwers. than the gove'rumeiits created by 'the 'constitutions of the States are, within their several seiher'e.' It is, like tliem omauized int legislative, executive, and judiciary departments. Itiperates, like them, directly on persons iiud tliii rs; and, like thetii, it has at command a phy- sica 1 force fof ex jcuting the powers committed to it. ! I was intended to be perpetual, audi not to be . lahnulled at tlie .pleasure of any one of the eon-, t.iaetiug" parties.. Tlie 'old articles of confederal 'lion "were entitled '' Articles of.'Cbnfcdera'tion-j 'andf Perpetual Union between' the .State's""1 ancfc lby the 12th article it isi expressly declared' that the articles of thi jCoufede'ratmh shall be in violably observed by every State, ami the Union . shall be perpetual.'.' The preamble to the Cou- stittitibn of the U-ulted states, having. express re ference to the articles' of Confederation, recites, that it was 'fobli&hed " in order to form a more perfect union Auify et it is . cont;uded that this " more perect uhion ' does not. include the e-sentid attribute of perpotuity. - ' : - I : lut that the Ur.i6u w$s designed to be perpet ual appears conclusive'y from thes nature and ex tent' pi the powers '.coil 'erred by the Constitution on the Federal Tjrovernmnt.. T,hese powers em brace the very highest attributes of national sov ireignty. They "place -both the sword; and the jitrsp undcr'its' coutrol. Congress lias powej to e pur uiaKC war, and to make peaces to raise and sup-, port armies and navies, and to conclude treaties with fureign'g6yf,erunients. It is invested with the power to coin .money," arid to regulate the value thereof, and to legjilate commerce with for: - "e'tixn ffatious, and anions the several States. It T is not necessary to enumerate the other high pow ers which have been con fer red upon be Federal Government. In order ..to carry the enumerated powers ii to effect. Congress possesses the ex.ci.u Isive right to lay an-l collect duties oh .imports, and iii commor.. whit the States to lay and collect ail other taxes. ' '-.-.,.' ' ", , ' Uut the Coiistitutibn' has not 'or ly conferred th se high powers upon Qongressi" but it has aaopt- I ed effectual means to restrain the States from iu- i furfV.. oxr witli rKr r? Fnr thnt nnnvNn it has, in-troitg prohibitory lamruare: expressly declared taat "uj State shall enter into any trea ty, .adiance, or. coii federation grant letters ii.a-qUe ,aud rep isal ; coin nipney ; tinit bills of r: tinit bi 3 ot ! cretlit 5 make aiything but .gold and silver coin a i tender in payment of debts'; pass any-Jsili of at ; taiuderVj-risf farto law, or 'law, impairing I ho ; obligfatiou ot . contracts.' Moreover,' 'wits j out the conscnt of" Cotigressf .no. State shall lay j any imposts or. duties pu any imports or'cxports,' I except what may be absolutely necessary f r ex : ecutiug its inspection laws and, if they exceed : thia auiouut, the-excess shall belong to the U.. S.- I;- tli. 1 t tr And- ''no State shall, without the consent ot Congress, lay any duty- of I. tonage ;' keep troop, 'or ship of way in time of peacie ;iuter . into any agreement or. compact "With another State or with a foreign power ; or ieugage in war. uii'.es actu-' ally intaded,1 or n snch imminent danger as will not admit of delay." ' :-:.Kj.;. j'; ;'.",, . ::'-, j. ;: In order still further to secure the uninterrup ted exe-cise of these: high jpewers against State iuterpositi on, it is provided ''that this Constitu tion and the laws of the United States which shall be made in pursuance thereof; and all treaties made, or which shall bo'made, under the author ity of the United States, -shall be the supreme law of the land ;I and the judges in : every Stte shall be bound thereby, anything in the Consti tution or laws of any State to the contrary not withstanding' : . ".;' l j . ' -.- . j. . ' ' . The solemn sanction of religion has been super added to the obligations of official duty, and all senators and representatives of the United States', all members of State-legislatures, and. all execuT tive a d judicial pfiicers, "both of the United States and pf the several States, shall be bound i by oathorafflrmatioa tosupportthisConstitation.' - Jn order earry .Into enect iheso , powers, the ' Cons t ittttioiJ n as ' est a blis bed a perfect Govern ment in ah forms, JUegislative, i'ixecutive, and Judicial ; &ml this Government to the exteut of its powers, acts directly- uptm the individual citi -zens of every State, ;aud executes it own .decrees by the agency of its own officers. ' In this resjx'ct it differs eiitirely frp-m the Governiteut under the old Confeder itioh, which was confined to making requisitions' .on the Stages .in their .sovereign char acter. f This left it in the discretion of '-ach wheth er to obey or to refuse, and they often declined; to comply with such retpiisititiis . It thus be came necessary, for ; the purpdsie of removing this barrier aiid "inj;prjler to form ja -more perfe.-t Union','' to establish a Government which could act directly upon'thq people, and execute .its own laws without the Intermediate agency of the States. This has been aecoinplished by the Constitution of the. United States. j : f In short, 'the Government created by the Con stitution, - ahd deriving J its authority from ihe sovcreigu people of each of the several States,, has precisely the sme right t exercise its-pow-; er over; the people; of all these States. ' in ' the enumerated cates, 'that each one of them posses ses over- subjects not delegated t) the United btafes,- but r'reservetf to tho -Siafes, .respectively or td the peopiei" f f j . :jl '!'-' V.':v To'i'the extfnt pf the: delegated .-'powers the Constitution of the United; States is as miieh a, part of the constitution of-each State., :and is as! binding upon fitk people, as.though it; bad been textually inserted' therein. - . ,: : This Government. thereforK ' is a'-creat and powerful Government, jnveste(l with all the at..; tributes f oyereignty over 'the special subjects to winch its authority extends. Its trainers: never! iuteiided to uiiplant in it bosom the seeds., of its own destruction, nor were; they at i's cre ation guilty of thetabsurdity of providing for its , own :ldissolutvoni;.!lt Nvas not,; intended . by its framers to be the baseless fabic ef 'a 'visioa .. . ... ; ?. I ' i . . which, at thc. touch if the enchanter, wo-i'd va'n- . .-. .'( .;--.: i' - . J ! -i , - --'--. i . ish into thiniair, but a ; substantial and migiijy. fiibricl, capable orj resisling lie slow decay of time i andvof iiefy.ng the storms of ages. In- deeHi- well iiniyj tli. jealous patriots of that day' have 'indulged fears' that a government of such i : . i ,....: :'...i..:.. . ,i. -.. i . ,.f lll,rU powers uii'utr . 'iuiu niijicti -ova iiius wi tlie i States, and wisely i did' they -adopt the 'rule. . a istrict e cms truetioh of these powers ito lire- of a jstnet eoristruetion ot these pow veil t the danger ! , Uut they, did had they anv-reaspii to imagine. not .fear, nor j hat tho (Vm - - stitution woiild ever.be so interpreted ' as to cita- tile an.y,; State, by ner own a ex, ami wit nout me edn'seint, of her sister States, to tlispliarge her pco ' pie from all or any pf their Federal obligations. It 'may be- asked j then, are (he people of. the .States without redress r against the tyranny' and oppression of tbejFederatGoyerniuent'? ly Jio jneaiis. The right of resistaiiici; on, the part of the governed against the oppn ssion of their gov ern merits cannot be. .defiled. It ex ists iridepend entlv of all eonsiitij.tion., and has been exercised at all perioas of the -world's ; history. "Under it old 'govcrpments have ; been 'detr"yed, and new ones have takcu their jilace, Lt is tiubodied in j strong and express' iahgii ige in our own Lecl.ira -,j ion Of Independence. ' But tho distinction must i ever be observed thnt this1 is revolution agaiust; an established Government, and not a vohinta.-y sccefjsiou from It by viri.up.of "an "inherent consti . ' .i i '; .1 :L I -'s t l l 1, ...l- .i.i'.. ,u'u ..'fill Mitional TlLflit.i ill soon ieu- i. jouj uc o-er in the face': . Secessio.i is": neither more nor less thaji revblutibhJ I' luti'y or ifmay notVjbe a justifiable revolution, but still it is a revolution,' 'j j i . .-.'-.'. ' rVha'in tfhe meantime, is the responsibility and jtruo' position of the Executive ? ' He is bound by solemn1 oath: bef ire God and the coun try Vtb take careilthatithetlaws bo faithfully ex ecuted'" audi from this obligation hp cannot be absolved bv anV humiti'i power.; Hut .whist if the t "performance' of this duty,!, in whole or in part,, j I has been rendered inipracticable.by "events oyer ; which he could have .exercised no control : buch j at the present moment., is ;the case throughout . the State of 'SautbJOarolina, so far. as the laws.of th-e.ppifcd Stutos .p socuve ,e .Jworat. jy;..;of I.o.S ,j limits, through loseageney alone ;thee i Lean be carried lnt; execution, have., already laws re-. . a siirneu. v e no toi-irei, nav. u. nh i - -1 .' lir- . ' 1' .... I. ...... n . , .Ih,.I HT.lr-. district attorney. or: niarhal, in South Carolina. ' .- . .- ' '. 1 ' : , . i. . 1 Til T In fact, the whplpj maenuieiry or tne reaeraivxov erunient, necessity for the. distribution of rdne- ' dial' iustice auiorjg the people, -has been demol: ! ished : and ir. would;' be difficult, if not impos- sible, to replace .it- 1 ' Tlie only acts of Congress on the statu; c-b"ok. j bearing upon- tliis suibjeC; are those of the 28i h- j Februaryri5lnd,3d. M a rcli." 1S)7: Thoc ! ' authorize th'e President, after-jhe shall have as- i certamed that the nirsh:di with hitii'l-j'OjV- tus is uiiable to execute civil or criminal process in- nnv riartictilar casctti call forth tlie militr i ami-employ:' thejarriiy -and peri'ormvng this service, hii tnation commanded tiift' tnsur and1 retire peaceably to their ' 1 ' with n; a limited timp. 1' of sibijiity be perforuied- in a S ci at autnonty exists 10 isu cial authority there is no marshal to execute it, and wl.ere, eveb if thre wpre . such an officer, the . entire population wrould constitute one solid combina tion to resist him. .-.- ' The bare ennuie'rati- n of tlicc provisions pioveshow inadetpatc they are-without further legislation to, overccime ja united opposition in a slrtirlft . State: Pot .to speatof other States, wno; 1 may place tU.-mselves in a similar attitude.- Con- ! duty.. not yn gress alone has power to decide whether the pre sent laws can or cannot t e amended fo as tocar- . ry ouq more effectually the objects stitution. '.;' - . kf the Tbi Same inMjperablc obstacles ido not lie in the way or executing the laws tor the. collection or ine,custoiiis. Jthe revenue still toontiiiues to be, collected, as heretofore, at tlje custoin house il .1 t ' .: . 1 .1 ...ii . i . ; ii iL -f in yujriesLu , auu noma uio collector unfortu nately resign, a successor may be appointed to perform this duty. I' i' Then in regard to the propert; of the United States rn. South Carbliua. This has been pur- . chased for a fair equivalent, "by tb consent of the legislature or the State," ifbr the ereciior of forts, magazines, arsenal &c.. and ove& ' the5 the authority "td exercise exclusive legis lation'Mias been expressly granted I by the Con stitution to; Congress. It is "not believed tn-t ' any attempt will be made t expel the United States.from this property by force; but if in this , I should prove to be mistaken, the oificer in corn- mand of the forts bas received ojrders to act strictly on the defensive. In such a eontingen-; cy, the responsibility tor consequences would rightfully rest upon tfce beads of the! assailants. JApiirl fi em tlieeftrif as this may be practicable, the l-jxejiutive has no authority to dtiide what shall be the: relations between the federal government at(l Sduih Caro lina. He has b.en invistcd with ho such dis-c:etion.-' He p scssts no power to change the re lations heretofore existing between them, mnc'i jess to acknowledge the iudepenuence of that tatc. Thirf would .be to jinvest a jmere Execu ttve officer with the: ; power ,of recogjbisiu the.' d i ssol u tio n of t h e ' Con feder a cy a m o n g'o ur t h ir ty three sovereign Statcsl . It bear's no esemblaiice to the recognition of a foreign defter.' govern-inent.-iuvolving nor such responsibdity. Any attempt to do this would, On his yntf, be a na ked act of usurjtatto4. It is, therefore, my duty to submit to Congress the whole question in all its' bearings. Tbej course of eyentsj is so rapidly hastening forward;; that the emergency may stxnr arise, when you may be'calletj upon to de cide the lnOincn'ous; question whether you pos-'"'.ses- the power,- by force of arms., to compel a S'ate to : remain iV the IJnion. 1 should feci my- 'self recreant. to my i)uty wer I not to express an , o pillion" on tins important subject. ' ' . ) The question fairy stated is: lias ' thq Con v Stitiitipu delegated to .Congress he power to co f eree a. State into subniissiou ' , vvhTc!) i attempting t withdr aw or has acutunlly1 witl.di awn from '.the Confederacy i ahiwered in jthe'. kffiruiative, - it iiTust - be on th"a prmciple that the power has . been conferred upon Congress to declare and to "v make "war aginsttS j State. After buich serious .jeflection I have arrived .at the conclusion that no such power bas . been -delegated to Congress or Yo any ochef depart uent of the'Fedcrai (rdv vfhment.' It is manifest, npon in inspection of the Constitution,:, that this is not among the ' specific and enumerated powers granted to (on-' -gross and it is equally Apparent that its exercise js iiot " necessary 'and proper for arryiug- into execution') any one of these powers. So ,fiir . . ' -1 . i - . 1.1. ...I, si - zjatpd io. Con gi csi it was exM'essly-refnsed by tl which' frau'i' 'd the Constitution.' ,. It aiiwars, from; the proceedings convention of that hotly. that on the 31st."' May, 1787, the d! iiise ' au- ihorizi n an- exertion of the force ot xtke whole against a tl eliniincni itatc" came up for consid eration., Mr Madison opposed h ii. a brief but powerful speech j from which I shall vxtiact bit siiijrt' sentence. lle"obs rved r Tho use of "' loree aaiiiJ-t a St;tte would look more like a dec latioh of war than: au mfliltvon of j punishinent ; and, would probably be considered by the, party attacked asia tjisNoiut'lon of all previon 'compacts by which it might; be bound..'' Upon his motion the clause y -s unanimously postocned, and was never I believe a-irain presented. Soon'.'after- war.iis, on t lie 8th: J uhe, 178" , when incidentally. adverting the subject, hcj siid': -j" Apy Gov-, eminent lor the United States, formed on thp supposed jnactieabilily of using force a.aiust thf uneoiistitut'pijarpri ceeilings of the States, would" prove as visionray .and " fallacious :s the :govern inont of Congress. "'"; evidently uieaniug 'tlie th.'n existing Gnngress of the old Confederacy. Without, deseeiitiiiig to part culi'irs, it iiiay he safely asserted, thaL t'ae -power to make war ugafnsta .'State is - at variance with the whole spirit and intent of :,thd Coas-tituifui. Suppose uch. a war should re;-ult in.- the C0lluet of a !' State, how ar4we io govern it afienv.irds i' Shnll . I . i- ! , -. : we hold'it as a province, and govern it .by oes postic ; power . In- the uatu'l-e of things we coujd ; not, by physical foice, eoutr.d the .will iu the tieor.1.. and eomnel them tO cl-Cti senators, and reprocuta i'ves to'.. Congress, and jto perform'all the other duties depending upon their own rplH. tion, and required firom the free jcitizens of a free State as a constituent imember of - the Con federacy.' ' -t : j: . "j .'V - ' ;' Uut, if we possessed this power, would it be wise to "exercise'it under exilfthg circuhstances ? The object would doub-lpss be t.i preserve tlie Union, War -would net ouiy present the most effectual means of destroying it ; put would- ban ish all hone of itspeaeeable reconbuction. lie- side in the fraternal conflict a vast amount of trUre wouH be cxp,dc,l, rendering. oHii.UWeoi. l State mp.S b e. Iu the mean' im who cm would be hc sufferings aud'- privations, of the j pe nile during it existence , j ., 4 , The fact-is, that oUr Upton rests upon public opinion, jiud can nt'yer be-cemented by theblotxl j Of its 'citizens shed iu civil war. If it eau not live ' : . . I. arTootiobs of the pe'ple, it must one day ' . . I 'I a ' IU -.-v-Tw - r- t- f it ;-. I per serV ti" it by?c .hciliatioh; but the sword .1 'fl. LrW it bv fore,i.i but the-sword w;is! ;r"- "Vr;-? . . : 1 J i;..i.;t4. tiJ . '-'? a '..'.. 1 .inicX 1- K,.i":.is uh..v lint mav 1 w jit u iisu.awi;uinij '-t1" '"j; i wui.uwy 1 ;. --r . V , , if; ... x-w ....!! cpuuiryMi to. pau.,c detrm;ne to destroy: this;, the greatest temple irl.;.,!,'!. pvi?r bpeh dedicated to human freed in since the world oegan;: itpis.ueeu id hejrau ? t.ji -. ' E . m.. r . - . . - - -. . . . 11 i f ViJa. i.-,-i,h a ,i ,r tUei glories of the ,.n,....-....tintriitiiPH ti sirfii wiiii noiiest vruic' vai Surely -when we e.ch the brink ;pt; the yawmng abys, -wn shall recoil withr trom fatal piunger If ruch J dreaa catastrtyite , hopes1 of tho fritmds of freedom i neniirrnnnr tfiH"! i h roii "horit the world would, b deatroved, and Ion; ""B:-'i leaden despotism would enshroud the nation. (inr a nn ft or more than eiL'Ltf veara wouiui not onlv be lost : but it would be fjuoted'asacoo - V . ' - f : . - Z . 1. . 1 a- 1 i riTt T -. ..AH. II.J IL- III 1 l1llkr'Jlllll,lll. ' ' w v ents -'to d spcrse long, win,, n pre-erveu, iuuuki --.v v- , .-, , 'J'..n j - puiu 114 uisju.it, r, f . . . ... . 1 n. u- tU urh. mi we arc at peace, ... , - .1 -tir ;?. m m' a-.mz z,,m ,v i&.-.o tats whtre nojudi- cuimb.b - '''V- , T'T .3 Hv-Unit t vbftM onMfed.eer; 1 ..I'.M.y ....nnlrOIIIPH tlSirfll Willi limieBk UOUU.- -r,an . ' -i -V cosire proof that man is., unfit for, self gorcrnt It is not every wrong nay,, U , U not every grie nom Wrong which can justify a resort to such a fearful alternative Tins ought to bo the lust dtpetate remedy of a despairiug people, af ter vciy j theijoousLitutioual means of concilia tion 'had been xhaustl. : We should reflect that under thi.-l freeVGovernthciit there is an inccsut: ebb and flow in public opinion, Tho slavery quoa-' noii. use evervtninz numan. will have its dav- oeuere inat it pas already reached and passpd the culminatim? poipt. . liut if, in - the tnid.it of the existing excitejuent, the , Union shall perish, the evil may then become irrenaribW. j. Congress can1 cbritribute much lb avert it bv pro posing anid recommending to the legislatures pf th el ?everil States the remedy for . existing e vils, . which the Constitution has itself provided lor its own- preservation. This has been tried at differ ent critical periods of our. -history, and always with eminent success. It is to be found iu the 5th article providing for its own amendment. ' Under; thus article amendments have been pro posed by two-thirdt:of both houses of Congress, and have bcenj "ratified by the ; Jngiplatures of tbroe-fburths ot tie seTxniT jatrtiml have' con- 1 scqueiitly l-ectime parts' of the Qonstitution To this process the country is indebted fer the cUuse prohibiting Congress from passing any law res- i pecting.au establish mbntpf religiofi.'or abri. cinr' t U.. f .Uli... .K . drn. c ax.V i nicrjimi ujojcvcii ur ot me jiress, or ot .ine right of petition. -; ,' : ' . i' ; .' ' . i. To this we arc also, '.bdebted lifer, the Bill of. llight., which secures the people aiinst any abuse'of power by the I'etleral i!.overninont.-v Such were the appt ehen dons justly entertained by the friends of State ri;hs at that period as to have rende'red - it extrei iejy ,(doubtfal whethe the Constitution oould have Jofigjeuryived with out these amendment. ;J Again the Constitution 5 wa lamcnded by the iss after the clebtibn of ii-esident Jvt- same process ferson by the House of llcpresensativcs, in Fe-'." bruary, 18u3.' ; 'I bis auieudiuenu was rendered necessary to prevent A recurrence! of- the da hirers which had seriously thrtatemd te exieteuce'of, ly the ; iover'i ment daring the pendency of . that ' election. ; The article for "its owuamenduicnt was intended jto sec.uve die atnifable;l;adjugfinenti of coi.flictinjg constitutioiiail question . iike' fbo; present, which ndgbt arise ;betwceii the ' govern ,. meutai of the States and tjiatpf tht United State. : This appears from conicnbioruueousi histo-y; In- i this couuiL-ction, I sjiall merely call attention. tt few sCiitdnccs iu Mr. Madison's j stl -celeb ra ted 1 report, in 17QU, Vo the legislature pf Yirginia. Iu 1 .1 this". he ably and. conclusively defended the reso- 1 lutipjiis of the preceding legislature against the strictures of several other State ; legiritatutes..- . in. .A. I ... . - 4-...";.'..r-.l.- -.i.-i' l.i. '.. ''.;'. Auesti were imtuiiy ouuuou uliuu .wie prvc oi :, i. - ' i i --i f-;s -'! .i- -' .- t,ne . V irginia legislature against ine:- Alien ana edition -Acts." as palpable and ahrming in fractions of the Constitution' In I f o'ntjnr out iheipettfceful and constitutional reined e,' ;rand be referred to none other, to. which the States were authorized to resort, oil such occasions, he cou-j eludes bv iavimr. " that the lerislatures of tho States might have made a direct representation to Congress jwith a view ton obtain a 'rescinding ot the two offensive acts, "or they might have re presented to their Tcepeejive senators in Coiigrcsrii ihcir wih that two-thirds; thereof would preppse; , an cxpiainatbry aiocndmdnt to the jConsit.itutioui oi two thirds of themselves, if ,sueb had beCn-' lht?ir jopiliiiou, might, byjap ajiplicption toCorj'' "ressi, have obtaoied a convention ,lor the samo Thisiii th very rjonrse which I-jcarncstly retj conrniei'rd m oikr to obtain an r explanatory uuit;iitl:ii)Lyiil,i nl Ue Constitution n tbeubj" ft tfj slavery Tliirt.'inig'ht prigihaW wi'tn,: Congress XjT the SfaHrtciriflaturos', as may be deemed moit advisable lo tit tain the object..' '',-. - l i . V : i - a 5 i i : -i A to explanatory annei) nnent rnigni up cowmen t the' final settkiient of thctrue,emistrueJtion of the Ce-n'stiiution on thrdt? special points. i I -..t.ti rni.iiff -.iru.n .' r.t-ifllhri rirrl.f t property, in,: slaves i u t he ptaies Where it now ex its,br ui.iy1 hereafter ' exists; : - .'t- '-'? ' 2'J Tlie duty of protettting'this riht irt all the ctiniironl, Tciritoiies 1 th -oughout 'ijieirU-rritoriul cxistemii, and until they hall lije admitted as States-iiito the. Unioir, ivith or without slavery, us their jrinist it utioiis iuay prccri bet 1 Ailike recognition t the, light of. the nias- er' to have bis .- lave, lio bas esc iped from one 'Statc.to another, reston-d and " deli vered t?p to h;im, and td the validity of the fiigiuve-jdavo lawicmiVied for - this purpose, tiigether with a d claratibiil that all State laws impairing iir defeat-j iii r t h i right are violations of thi; Constitution and are cousetiuyntty lit 11 Jknd -volt i. '- ;;:'! It wi:iy be objected If bat this construction ofj the Constitution has already been settled by the Suprenip Court of the United Sta es, and what, more ought to lie Vequiied ? The answer in. that a very large proportion of the eople 'of the United States still contit the cor: ectnesa of this decision, and never wili cease from agitation and admit its binding forty until clcarlly " c'stablibhtHl bv the wople of t e several States! in their sover-1 ci"-n chhraeter. Such an c.xplanatcry amendment would, it is believed, forever termi iate the cxist- irigi dis'scjisipfM and rtfstpre iaci arid harmony n i noil tj lire Stales. ... .... - . . a . It od'dit not to be 'lohbted that fcu.clr ait appeal to flic, aji bitra-ucut establisl'cd b the i onstitu tioii itscif would be received with -favor' by all iho Stales of i he Confederacy. . Ii any . vent it ou 'ht tlo be tried iii a spirit of couiiliaiiou U-foro;- -i -, . ci . . .'. i, ii I i ...i : unyvotj these oiaies suau-jM.-jMrai.; .hichiisb. tr.nn TIM! I - lltWII r , . . i When I entered upon the duf pjt thc prcsitfcn-r .-,":.'. .l.arWt nether of oar lorct-n nor satit factory. We oomusiin v-. r " WereinUlv in dangerous complications with .rA nations, and two of our Ucrrif ones, were n i-ri xtaitii of rcvol uttoii against -r- . -,. . , .1.3, .i t..jf';,f mviiutuii aainst thi Govemment. y ' - -. . 1 1 r . nieroas! an I,; po , erf id " .... ! . advocates Unlaw fal ii r : -i'.a -i. 1 r,i, vrok-f rntitiienanee , b y many ... 1,1 iir.iru. I'ljii: 11111JIJB t ip . - "V. . .Ji ..,ffv.wl i :.. .ufi.-.nf ; 1 ot our Citizens, auu wvrw n'iv.i 1 - ;teres-. ,--.";-' htar.MlAuinn .mf :Yts"fom allelec. iol. 4e have abunrP ; -f ot th'. ate 1 1 1. 1 w w & - ' s r i thanks, to that , , -".r-i. .-.?. i- ' fe.fc i, orflflll ITOVIUCUCU WUftiM Tfo never Torsakcp in us as a patiyrrin all;pur past triiis-J --; - .... I ' -J., . , oen we tun uruv --Tl 11 ; . 4 V l-f .- 1 mm 1 . -i -. I -r . - - . ' '-'A. - V i
Daily State Journal (Raleigh, N.C.)
Standardized title groups preceding, succeeding, and alternate titles together.
Dec. 8, 1860, edition 1
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