M 1 0 C E L L A N V.
T'j flit the jiate af Nsttb C^rol%tia»
0
1 AM one that li.'ii nnt only ferved all the time of our liTTe
war,'hut iluicd with ihole brave men wlm took an adilve
p:r' in fupp'.i t of eur caufe, in all their heavy Iclfct, occafieiieti
by the nccciTary expencei to luppurt our army. Wlien the war
^as ever, i ictmneo In the country and renewed my uccupatiuii
as a la.-nitT, fully peii'uadcd, that our tfiahliihed united govern*
merit, when properly fuppr.rted and attended IT), would niain-
t in'us in tlie ohtjiued liheny andbleiled tranquility of our in*
Upendency. Put t6 Wy great furprife, I found that after a few
yean weic elapfeu, a (jineral clamour wai raifed ail ever the
cuntincr.t, ■ that Congrefs had not power enough to tnahle
thenitoiulfil the engagements on their part, to fupport the na*
tlon." 'f'n make the citizens fenfihle oi this air ritun, -faveral
rUhiieis, with v*i'hil.perfutlion$ianU liiielii'g vvriters, were let
Icofc upon the public to create parties, 'i bis mode had the
wilhcd-toreflefl. A gcreial meeting, called a Cvnventioiii was
a.’,leed upon, and every nate'i members were hurried away to
r biUdelpl.ia. 'lliat ten cut of one bun..red citizens in each
flat', (lie not knovq^t that time of fuel) .a proceeding, or even
l id h.aid of ti.e great and ferious points which weie to be de-
biled by their members, could be eafily proved. After a long
and ext>i nlive feflion, their whole produdton cume out, which
n ull have convinced'ths public, tlfat'theconventien had formed
quite a nfw government, which, in |xjint of their miflion, was
contrary in fuvcrzl artlolcs to our Aril and Hill exiAing federal
gov.rnmcnt, Theohjefl of their cor.fideratiun, was “ to in*
vrfl Congrefs with mere power to raife the necelTa y revenues
eftefliially, i.c. Since the appearance of the propofed plan, the
public has been, and it Adi entertained from all quarters, with
letters and pamphlets, holding out the great advantages and blef-
lings w'h.ch will be ours, after agreeing to the faid'plan, wkb
all the new olucrs, &c. tec. However very few peifu '.i can
b'lgnorantor the ill confequences which always have tollowed
fipon the ellahlifhment of I'uch a government as the pro*
p. fed one. And all the p opie of the ancient republics iolt
tl’rir liberty, by being n o liberal in heAou ing too mdch.po-Jver
to the r chufen leadeis, though ever fo virtuous and diiinieretled
In their private life and Atuations , hut when once granted, it
'is ri t fo eafily tube altered or rec.iUcd. The Romans were
aw.ire of this, and I lieu tore tnade choice of their rulers every
lix months.
The plan of the convention did not meet the approbation bf
a'.I the dclcg.itca, howevctnUiLfe In'Oppofition weie overpow
ered.
In feveral'lite pctirlons hy rcfpeflable rft'zcns, which have
been prefenied a-jairift the new government, li.ive been ftated
the great danger which could and perhaps might follow, in con-
fcquenceuf adopting the jiropofed plan. In rcnnfylvania, fc.
v.r.il perfons have complained, '* thii their aAive and great
n.en had hurried them into a favourable opinion, and therefore
weuld protefl agninli the'decifidn of their members, tec. &G.*-«
The New.Jcrfcy members diil agree'tothe plan, but obleived,
that fome aiicritions were c'flentially requilite, viz. That the
prefident Aiould not be eleAed for four years, but for one year
only ; nor fliouid he have th: power to keep a Handing army
or navy, neither the foie power to mintm.ney for all the Hates,
nor to eOablilh that high and arbitrary court in law, nor the
toleration af,by which every Jew or li.Adcl could come mtu an
cffice.
The governor of Virginia has openly declared to hit prefent
■Cembly, by a mtflage, his reafons why Iw could not fign the
ii-.ftrunlent, orpro'pefed conAirution, although lie was a me.n*
licr of the convention which formed the plan. He thought
h was too dargerous for the prefent and iuture gene:'a'iont.—
Tlic Aate ernvertiun of MaaTachufetts have accepted the plan {
but have prrpofcd aniendmenis. New-Hampfliire did meet,
but could not agree, and were obliged to adjourn to the 17th of
this month, hoping th.it by that lime their conftituents wohid
give up their oppoAlion, Rhode lAsnd has not yet agreed to
the fyAero, N.aryland has adopted it, but with fome altera,
tions. Soui’i-Carulina has tacitly agreed to it, though feveral
ieaer.rd ohjcAions were made.
The repetition of thefe (ri.ceedings, as alfo a true expUna
tion from the beginning of this great affair, 1 thought abfo •
lutely nt'ccffary, tu Aiew to thofe who live too remutc to hear all
newt, and to fee all the political letters, how the prefent trou
bles and expenfive cleAioni sod meetings wore brought upon
us. As every individual will be obliged to pay his fhare in
taxes ft r the occafloned expcnces, he atfii ought to know the
true Aate rhercof. All tlic writers have liitherto AuuriAieil with
Audied arguments in favour of the plan, and the'r opponents
have been tun down in the moA iUilieral manner, folely becaufe
they would not allow it to be the hcAgoveinment for this exten-
Ave country. At otir Aate members will have t'reir meeting
at Hiilfberough in July, and have hao time to hear Clie dcclAon
cf all the other Aates, as alfo to lake fully the fenfe of the r ccn.
Aituentt, it is to be hoped, that their aeceeding to the plan pro*
pefed, will be with fuch amendments as will prevent any en
croachment on, hut have our prefent cAablillied government for
nhe foundation, to the Iuture allewarices, which exprefsiy for
bids to keep a Aandiiig army.
It is highly neceffary that Congrefs Ihonld have more power.
In being allowed to raife tUefe fuins of money which are wanted
to fulfill their made engagements during the late war, abroad
and at home ; likewife to Ax 1 Aandard lor the folid coin for all
the Aates } but the minAng the fums » anAng in each Aate, ac
cording t*i its Arengih in trade, ought to be folely left to each
Aate, as the proAli of the mint will greatly leflcn the taxes an^
free the good citizens of fuch a burden, which by the manage-
tnent of a general mint, would be broCght upon them.
The army, navyt and a general mint, sme the three greatcA
and moA powerful ol^eAs which will enforce obedience againA
all r^Aanco. Troops when once In pay and fervice, make no
diAinAton, if employed againA a foreign enemy or their own
tclalioni, when led on by their oflicers, though kept up by our
taxes. We have no neighbours who can come and make war up
on us, without our being informed in time, and then our mi-
litia is Arong enough tu oppofe them, when properly trained and
officered, whichisan objeA that requires our attention.
HOKESTUS.
The following important obfcrvatictis are extraAed from the
Caxtiieii'Airicultiirt, out of the be A periodical puhlicatirns
in Europe. We liope that our readers will perufe them with
attention and pleafure.
r^HE arret of the agih of Derxinber laA, whilA it gives
J, the world a nesv and convincing proof of the dil^fl-
ffom af government to flrengthen eor e iiiiiiAiens vrltli the
CnitC'l Stitts cf A:..erica, and to f..cllltjte a ceir. tclci ir.ie.’
CiUifc betw.cii I'-e iw . countiics, it eviJtnt.'y talculatsd to
opiii a new amt rxtcniivc iiiarktt to the produce of uur allitj
'1 lie whole ameuiil ul the pupulatioii of Ureat-Britain, tipain
and i'oi'togal, with whom the United States have h.id liichirio
the* greatdit intereuuife*, can haidly he conip.ired to that of f'riince
only, fu tlijtfliit kingdom alone might double the refourcct and
induAiyof tliufelta.es, if its cummercc was well underAood
by their citiz ns. Lxperidnee has evinced, that in coiiimoii
ycais i'ranee produces hard^' wheat enough for the confumption
ul Aiicen niilliuns'of inhabitants, fo that ten millions at leaA
niuA depend upon the impurtation of that article Itom foreign
cuuntiits j an importation the more indifpeiiAble, as bread is
confidered by every Frenchman as the moA effential food. VaA
quantities of wheat are imparted annually from Poland, by the
way of Uantzic, and particularly-hy the induArious Uulohmen }
the Sdutliirn I’roviiices provided from Siciily and Africa
thiougli Maifcriles, which -aftyferves aswn univeifsl cnrrepdt for
the Mediterranean, but as every country Arlvrs to regain by
the labour uf men what the foil feems torafufr, fo the provinces,
which ate in want dt previfions, take a particular attention
to nianufaAure the Aour ihemfelves, though they im|>uit the
wheat. '1 liirefore, an American merehant, Vvlio wifliet to
avail himlell of the arret of the 19th December, would probi
hly And an eafier market in France, by importing gram inAead
of'Aour. It might he objsAed, that the gieat bulk ut the c .r-
goes would lou'cr the prcAts, but lur this even the arret offers a
limed)’. Ixt us fuppufe, that tkt fame capital InAczd of tm-
ploying two cargoes uf A ur, would emplcy three v.flcls loadcn
with grain. Ameilean Ai.ps being wanted in Franc e, and en
tirely duty ffef, unco; two of iticiii might be fold tu great ad.
vantage, and the third return to America with a cargo ut dry
goods, wine, uil, fugar, suffee, tec, 'I he cities uf Bardeaux
and Nantz might, in this manner, become the principal eiiirc-
pocs of the piuduce of the United States, which as it pays no
duty unlefs it is aAually fold, ednnot even be difadvantageous
if the maikct Atould be overlticked. Cod AAr, oil, naval
Aores fpe*injceti candles, rice, tar, pilch, and tdrpentine, to
hacco, fait beef, pditiculaily If the Infb 'methed of curing it
was well sindcrAood and imitated ; pot aOt and pearl afh ; in
general, every ar'.icle of American produce, chough very bulky,
muA increafe the prcAts arifing from them by the fale of die
vcird which c.arried them to r ranee, and InAead of cheriAiing
'the uncertain and dange.ous con raband tiadeuf the WcA ln-
dies. It feems thkt with a more it.odcratiun, greater and
morelaAing bendict miglic^ obtained by exporting the WeA*
India produce froifi France. It it fur this reafon particularly
that we 'confidt'r‘Bordeaux as 'the nioA important entrepot for
American produce ; we have even every reafon to think that in
con'eqsience of a f-.icccffive intcrcourfe, American wheat would
be madutaAured tiKre tor (he WeA-India market. BeAdes, die
c.Menfivt comdicrce of that cicyis cenAandy in want of Ailps,
and as the American citizens have now the reputation of build
ing them xbeaper, and jierliaps wiili be. ter materials, than any
othe: nation, the proAts arifing from them would cumpenlale
die fmaller beneAtt respgd frcni their earguet.
Though ihtfe ubfervations may not perfectly agree with the
intercAcd views of fome cf our merchants, whufe particular
branches ot cuiiiiiierce heve been h.jurcd by the faid arrd,
and though we have every reafon to believe that cur put lie
wealth will be veiy little iiicrcafed by our ir.teicourfe with the
United Stale*, wepartake 6’t die fentiment which is crnimon
to every patiibt French.i.an, that .people whofe indepcndcuce
and elevation to ilie dignity ot a'fuVere.gn power has coA us tu
mueli blood and fa tti'sny milliuns, may fupport its nation, and
dadyincrea'e its refources ; ar.d that the annual expence of the
nation for imwiflons of all kinds, naval Aoies and other articles,
inAead of fuppurtir.g fome powers whofe vey exiAriice is in
different 10 us, may ferve tu A pply the wants uf an infant coun
try, which we have always cheriihed, and where we Aatterour*
feives we have many friends. Jl after all, Oie rcjcAs the hand
uf benevolence Aretched out to fupport her, if die docs not
know how to improvo her own toitune^ wc can only lament
her blinincfs.
WILMINGTON*
On Sunday laft arrived in this port>
the Schooner General Wafliington,
Capt. William Meads, after a paf-
fage of 9 days from New-York i by
this velTcl have received papers
as late as the 6th indant, from
which we have extraded the fol
lowing
Foreign Intelligence.
Vienna, February 27.
O U R UA^ advices conAfm the intelligence, that after oor
affaultt, in which we k)A a thoufand men, our army fuh-
du^ the lorirefsof New-Cradifea; and that the whole garrifon,
which had been reinforced by troops from Banialuka, were ei
ther put to the VWord or taken prifor.ers.
Frontiers of TURKEY, Feb. 27.
Letters from ConAantinople inform us, that orders have keen
font into Afia to raifo an army of 6o,oun men, who are to jolA
tlie armies affemUed la Belfariibia and Moldavia.
FRANK FORD, March 8.
The Turks have taken Ax tranfports from the AuArianr,
and the Brigadier Brentaro loA his life in endesvouring to make
leprifals.
HAGUE, March ii.
We learn that M. Caillard, Charge del Affairs from the court
of France, has demanded from the States-Oeiieral, on behalf of
that court, the Aim of 150,000 livres, being the eAimated value
of the Semillante frigate, wliichdiad been entruAed to the com-
minder uf a Dutch Sect, an^ kvas burn: the zqtli January 17!$,
LONDON, April 2*
Mr. Ad.tms, .MiniAer I’lcnipot ntlary fnin the United Stated
of America to their lliga Mijlitineffei, took ircivo on I'hurfdap
laA, in a memorial which was prcfenivd to them lur that pur-
pofe.
'ihetreaty between the United States and Fruffta is conclud
ed. 1 hat which i.iipeded tli.. treaty between Oreat-Untain and
the United States, was the very i.nporcant hut very compli-
cited bulinefs of the India commerce an.! fettle iienis. And
it is, we underAand, at lenjth agreed, tli.it a co'iv.-ntion AiuulA
hefigned, to arrange and finally adjuil the India fy.le.n, withia
lix months of the conclulion orttn;tr«ay.of alliance.
Saturday orders were lent from the j.J.niralty to Fortfiuouth,
for the Hawke A >op of war to be got ready for fea .. immtdi-
acely, to fail with difputches fur the govern ir of Glbralfer, with
orders to Aop all co.-nmunicaliont wish Barbarjr for the prefent-
Monday a cabinet council was held at Lord Carmarthen's of*
Are, which Mr. Hitt came to town from Hciwo'od on purpofo
tu attend, as aid moA ot the otliLrcabinet miniliers. The cuun-
til fat near four h.mrs, and broke up at three oMock.
'1 he bulinel's which engruffed the attention of the cabinet on
Monday, we are inlormed, was the increafud and incrriAns
Aate ol the SpaniAi navy, which it has b.cn reported, is Attcd
out with an intention of npvioltng the Ruffim Aeet in the Me
diterranean. 'I l.is pretext w.,1 no doubt be carefully AAcd and
c.rcuiiilpcdlly attended to, by the prefeiit ruling pofoer*.
Frelh advices from Spa n cohAr.n bur former accounts, of the
veiy great n-val preparations that arc making in every port of
that kingdom. '1 ht, add, tl. t his Catholic majeAy is ArmI/
determined to oppofe the entrance of the Ruffians into the Me-
•iicerranean, and that a niaiiifeilu will Aiortly appear, cantain-
ing the motive, chat h.ve induced liis MajeAy to lake thefe mea.
fores.
Domejlic Intelligence.
bdib—
NEW-YORK, May 23.
O N Wednefday lafl arrived here
the Britifli Picket I hyne, Wolf,
from Falmouih, in 6 weeics and 4
days.
Col. Smith, fecrerary and f.m-in-
law to his Excellency John Adamsy
Efq. with his lady, arrived in the
Thyne.
Lord ViAroUnt Mountmorris alfo
took palfage in the Thyne, and was
. landed at Halifax, the packet having
touched in there.
A letter from Newfy mentions a
report, that the Ihip Emprels of Chi
na was on the Ihore on the Saltccs
near Waterford.
Capt. Ripley, from St. Helena, fays,
that the (hip Lafcelles came in there
the 21 ft of March from Canton, which
Ihe left the loth of January ; the
Purfer of laid Ihip informed Capt. Rip
ley, that the (hip Alliance, from Phi
ladelphia had arrived at Canton the 1 ft
of January, and that ginfang was in
no demand.
CHARLESTON, June 12.
Ycfterday were executed for the
murder of iVTr. Nicholas John White-
man, puifuant to their fcntencc on
Saturday laft, the following pciions.
Robert Stacey, Jofiah Jordan, John
George, Thomas Smith, Ann Connol
ly, and Edward Hatcher.
Tuefday the couit having adjourn
ed till ycfterday afternoon at two
o'clock, they palled icntence of.death
on Rogers, Mailers, and Pendergras,
for the rnurder of Mr. Nathan ; alfo
upon Cain and Williams, for the mur
der of Capt. Webb and Mr. M'Ciodc.
They arc to be executed on Monday
next, between the hours ot Ten and
Two.
Dr. Gordon, we hear, has publifli-
cd his firft volume of the “ American
Revolution” in England!