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RALEIGH. N. C. MARCH 13,'1S97.
THE INAUGURAL ADDRESS PRESI
DENT M'KINLET'S VIEWS.
The full text of President McKinley'a
Inaugural Address is as follows:
Fellow Citizens: In obedience to the
will of the people, and in their presence,
by the authority vested in me by this oatb,
I assume the arduous and responsible du
ties of President of the United States, re
lying on the support of my countrymen
and invoking the guidance of Almighty
God. Our faith teaches us that there is
no safer reliance than upon the God of
our fathers, who has so singularly favored
the American people in every National
trial, and who will not forsake us so long
as we obey His commandments and walk
humbly in His footsteps.
The responsibilities of the high trust to
which I have been called always of grave
importance are augmented by the pre
vailing business conditions, entailing idle
ness upon willing labor and loss to useful
enterprises. The country is suffering
from industrial disturbances from which
speedy relief must be had. Our financial
system needs some revision; our money
is all good now, but its value must not
further be threatened. It should all be
put upon an enduring basis, not subject
to easy attack, nor its stability to doubt
or dispute.
THE CURRENCY QUESTION.
Our currency should continue under
the supervision of the Government. The
several forms of our paper money offer,
in my judgment, a constant embarrass
ment to the Government and a safe bal
ance in the Treasury. Therefore I believe
it necessary to devise a system which,
without diminishing the circulating me
dium or offering a premium for its con
traction, will present a remedy for those
arrangements which, temporary "in their
nature, might well in the years of our
prosperity have been displaced by wiser
provisions. With adequate revenue se
cured, but not until then, we can enter
upon such changes in our fiscal laws as
will, while insuring safety and volume to
our money, no longer impose upon the
Government the necessity of maintaining
so large a gold reserve, with its attendant
and inevitable temptations to speculation.
Most of our financial laws are the out
growth of experience and trial, and should
not be amended without investigation
and demonstration of the wisdom of the
proposed changes. We must be both
"sure we are right" and "make haste
slowly."
A CURRENCY COMMISSION FAVORED.
If, therefore, Congress in its wisdom
shall deem it expedient to create a com
mission to take under early consideration
the revision of our coinage, banking and
currency laws, and give them that ex
hsustive,caref ul and dispassionate exami
nation that their importance demands, I
shall cordially concur in such action. If
-gr-hjrey.fr vested j1" " "" A - -
ferent parties, who will command public
confidence both on account of their ability
and special fitness for the work. Busi
ness experience and public training may
thus be combined, and the patriotic zeal
of the friends of the country be so di
rected that such a report will be made as
to receive the support of all parties, and
our finances cease to be the subject of
mere partisan contention. The experi
ment is, at all events, worth a trial, and,
in my opinion, it can but prove beneficial
to the entire country.
INTERNATIONAL BIMETALLISM.
The question of international bimetal
lism will have early and earnest atten
tion. It will be my constant endeavor to
secure it by co-operation with the other
great commercial powers of the world.
Until that condition is realized, when the
parity between our gold and silver money
springs from and is supported by the rel
ative value of the two metals, the value
of the silver already coined, and of that
which may hereafter be coined, must be
kept constantly at par with gold by every
resource at our command. The credit of
the Government, the integrity of its cur
rency, and the inviolability of its obliga
tions must be preserved. This was the
commanding verdict of the people, and
it will not be unheeded.
ECONOMY AND REVENUE.
Economy is demanded in every branch
of the Government at all times, but espe
cially in periods like the present of de
pression in business and distress among
the people. The severest economy must
be observed in all public expenditures,
and extravagance stopped wherever it is
found and prevented wherever in the fu
ture it may be developed.
If the revenues are to remain as now,
the only relief that can come must be
from decreased expenditures. But the
present must not become the permanent
condition of the Government. It has
been our uniform practice to retire, not
increase, our outstanding obligations, and
this policy must again be resumed and
vigorously enforced. Our revenues should
always be large enough to meet with ease
and promptness not only our current
needs and the principal and interest of
the public debt, but to make proper and
liberal provision for that most deserving
body of publio creditors, the soldiers and
sailors and the widows and orphans who
are the pensioners of the United States.
The Government should not be permit
ted to run behind or increase its debt in
times like the present. Suitably to pro
vide against this is the mandate of duty;
the certain and easy remedy for most of
our financial difficulties. A deficiency is
inevitable so long as the expenditures of
the Government exceed its receipts. It
can only be met by loans or an increased
revenue. While a large annual surplus
of revenue may invite waste and extrava
gance, inadequate revenue creates dis
trust and undermines public and private
credit. - Neither should be encouraged. .
MORE REVENUE NEEDED.
Between more loans and more revenue
there ought to be but one opinion. We
should have more revenue, and that with
out delay, hinderance or postponement.
A surplus in the Treasury created by
loans is not a permanent or safe reliance.
It will suffice while it lasts, but it cannot
last long while the outlays of the Govern
ment are greater than its receipts, as has
been the case during the last two years.
Nor must it be forgotten that, however
much such loans may temporarily Telieve
the situation, the Government is still in
debted for the amount of the surplus thus
accrued, which it must ultimately pay,
while its ability to pay is not strength
ened, but weakened, by a continued de
ficit. Loans are imperative in great
emergencies to preserve the Government
or its credit, but a failure to supply needed
revenue in time of peace for its mainte
nance of either has no justification.
The beat way for the Government to
maintain its credit ia to pay it goes
not by resorting to loans, but by keeping
out of debt through an adequate income
secured by a system of taxation, external
or internal or both. It is the settled policy
of the Government, pursued from the be
ginning and practiced by all parties and
administrations, to raiae the bulk of our
revenue from taxes upon foreign produc
tions entering the United States for sale
and consumption, and avoiding, for the
most part, every form of direct taxation
except in time of war. .
TARIFF LEGISLATION NEEDED.
The country is clearly opposed to any
needless additions to the subjects of in
ternal taxation, and is committed by its
latest popular utterance to the system of
tariff taxation. There can be no misun
derstanding either about the principle
upon which this tariff taxation shall be
levied. Nothing has ever been made
plainer at a general election than that the
controlling principle in the raising of re
venue from duties on imports is zealous
care for American interests and American
labor. The people have declared that
such legislation should be had as will give
ample protection and encouragement to
the industries and the development of our
country. It is, therefore, earnestly hoped
and expected that Congress will at the
earliest practicable moment enact re venue
legislation that shall be fair, reasonable,
conservative and just, and which, while
supplying sufficient revenue for public
purposes, will still be signally beneficial
and helpful to every section and every
enterprise of the people. .
To this policy we are all, of whatever
party, firmly bound by the voice of the
people a power vastly more potential
man me expression 01 any puuuuai plat
form. The paramount duty of Congress
is to stop deficiencies by the restoration
of that protective legislation which has
alwys been the firmest prop of the Treas
ury. The passage of such a law or laws
would strengthen the credit of the Gov
ernment both at home and abroad, and
go far toward stopping the dram upon
the gold reserve held for the redemption
of our eurrency which has been heavy
and well-nigh constant for several years.
RECIPROCITY.
In the revision of the tariff especial at
tention should be given to the re-enact
ment and extension of the recipocity prin
ciple of the law of 1890, under which so
great a stimulus was given to our foreign
trade in new and advantageous markets
for our surplus agricultural and manu
factured products. The brief trial given
this legislation amply justifies a further
experiment and additional discretionary
power in the making commercial treaties,
the end in view always to be the opening
up of new markets of the products of our
country, by granting concessions to the
products of other lands that we need and
cannot produce ourselves, and which do
not involve any loss of labor to our own
people, but tend to increase their employ
ment. The depression of the last four years
has fallen with especial severity upon the
great body of toilers of the country, and
upon none more than the holders of small
farms. Agriculture has languished aud
labor suffered. The revival of manufac
turing will be a relief to, both. No por
tion of our population is more devoted to
the institutions of free Government nor
more loyal in their support, while none
bears more cheerfully or fully its proper
share in the maintenance of the Govern
ment or is better entitled to its wise and
liberal care and protection. Legislation
helpful to producers is beneficial to all.
The depressed condition of industry on
the farm and in the mine and factory has
lessened the ability of the people to meet
the demands upon them, and they right
fully expect that not only a system of re
venue shall be established that will secure
the largest income with the least burden,
but that every means will be taken to de-
pruUllHlUg. IE W1U Uuie W iwioit
the prosperity of former years. If we
cannot promptly attain it, we can reso
lutely turn our faces in that direction
and aid its return by friendly legislation.
However troublesome the situation may
appear, Congress will not, I am sure, be
found lacking in disposition or ability to
relieve it, as far as legislation can do so.
The restoration of confidence and the re
vival of business, which men of all par
ties so much desire, depend more largely
upon ths prompt, energetic and intelli
gent action of Congress than upon any
other single agency affecting the situa
tion. It is inspiring, too, to remember that
no great emergency in the one hundred
and eight years of our eventful National
life has ever arisen that has not been met
with wisdom and courage by the Ameri
can people, with fidelity to their best in
terests and highest destiny, and to the
honor of the American name. Those
years of glorious history have exalted
mankind and advanced the cause of free
dom throughout the world, and immea
surably strengthened the precious free
institutions which we enjoy. The people
love and will sustain these institutions.
PUBLIC ORDER TO BE MAINTAINED.
The great essential to our happiness
and prosperity is that we adhere to the
principles upon which the Government
was established, and insist upon their
faithful observance. Equality of rights
must prevail and our laws be always and
everywhere respected and obeyed. We
may have failed in the discharge of our
full duty as citizens of the great Republic,
but it is consoling and encouraging to
realize that free speech, a free press, free
thought, free schools, the free and un
molested right of religious liberty and
worship, and free and fair elections are
dearer and more universally enjoyed to
day than ever before. These guarantees
must be sacredly preserved and wisely
strengthened. The constituted author
ities must be cheerfully and vigorously
upheld. Lynchings muse not be tolerated
in a great and civilized country like the
United States; courts not mobs must
execute the penalty of the law. The pre
servation of public order, the right of dis
cussion, the integrity of courts and the
orderly administration of justice must
continue forever the rock of safety upon
which our Government securely rests.
One of the lessons taught by the late
election which all can rejoice in is that
the citizens of the United States are both
law-respecting and law-abiding people,
not easily swerved from the path of pat
riotism and honor. This is in entire ac
cord with the genius of our institutions,
and but emphasizes the advantages of in
culcating even a greater love for law and
order in the future. Immunity should be
granted to none who violate the laws,
whether individuals, corporations, or
communities; and as the Constitution im
poses upon the President the duty of both
its own execution and of the statutes en
acted in pursuance of its provisions, L
shall endeavor carefully to carry them
into effect.
OPPOSED TO TRUSTS.
The declaration of the party now re
stored to power has been in the past that
of "opposition to all combinations of capi
tal organized in trusts or otherwise to
control arbitrarily the condition of trade
among our citizens," and it has supported
"such legislation as will prevent the exe
cution of all schemes to oppress the peo
fi
ple by undue charges on their supplies or
y unjust rates for the transportation of
their products to market." This purpose
will be steadily pursued, both by the en
forcement of the laws now in existence
and the recommendation and support of
such new statutes as may be necessary to
carry them into effect.
IMMIGRATION AND NATURALIZATION.
Our naturalization and immigration
laws' should be further improved, to the
00 lie taut promotion of a safer, a better
and a higher citizenship. A grave peril
to the Republic would be a citizenship
too ignorant to understand or too vicious
to appreciate the great value and benefi
cence of our institutions and laws; and
against all who come here to make war
upon them our gates must be promptly
and tightly closed. Nor must we be un
mindful of the need of improvement
among our own citizens, but with the
zeal of our forefathers encourage the
spread of knowledge and free institutions.
Illiteracy must be banished from our
land if we shall attain that high destiny
as the foremost of the enlightened na
tions of the world, which, under Provi
dence, we ought to achieve.
GENUINE CIVIL SERVICE REFORM.
Reforms in the Civil Service must go
on. But the changes should be real and
genuine, not perfunctory or prompted by
a zeal in behalf of any party simply be
cause it happens to be in power. As a
member of Congress I voted and spoke
in favor of the present law, and I shall
attempt its enforcement in the spirit in
which it was enacted. The purpose in
view was to secure the most efficient ser
vice of the best men who would accept
appointment under the (lovernment, re
taining faithful and devoted public ser
vants in office, but shielding none, under
the authority of any rule or custom, who
are inefficient, incompetent or unworthy.
The best interests of the country demand
this, and the people heartily approve the
law wherever and whenever it nas been
thus administered.
RESTORATION OF THE MERCHANT MARINE.
. Congress should give prompt attention
to the restoration of our American mer
chant marine, once the pride of the seas
in all the great ocean highways of com
merce. To my mind, few more impor
tant subjects so imperatively demand its
intelligent consideration. The United
States has progressed with marvellous
rapidity in every field of enterprise and
endeavor until we have become foremost
in nearly all the great lines of inland
trade, commerce and industry. Yet,
while this is true, our American mer
chant marine has been steadily declining,
until it is now lower, both in the percent
age of tonnage and the number 01 ves
sels employed; than it was prior to the
civil war.
Com mendable progress has been made of
late years in the upbuilding of the Ameri
can Navy; but we must supplement those
efforts by providing as a proper consort
for it a merchant marine amply sufficient
for our own carrying trade to foreign
couutries. The question is one that ap
peals both to our business necessities and
the patriotic aspirations of a great people.
It has been the policy of the United
States since the foundation of the Gov
ernment to cultivate relations of peace
and amity with all nations of the world,
and this accords with my conception of our
duty now. We have cherished the policy
of non-interference with the affairs of
foreign Governments, wisely inaugurated
by Washington, keeping ourselves free
from entanglement either as allies or
foes, content to leave undisturbed with
them the settlement of their own domes
tic concerns. It will be our aim to pur
sue a firm and dignified foreign policy,
which shall be just, impartial, ever watch
ful of our national honor, and always
insisting upon the enforcement of the
lawful rights of American citizens every
where. THE ARBITRATION TREATY FAVORED.
We want no wars of conquest; we must
avoid the temptation of territorial ag
gression. War should never be entered
upon until every agency of peace has
failed; peace in preferable to war in al
most every contingency. Arbitration is
the true method of settlement of inter
national as well as local or individual
differences. It was recognized as the
best means of adjustment of differences
JLtion was extended to our diplomatic
TOjjationg by the unanimous concurrence
of the Senate and Honse of the Fifty
first Congress in 1890. The latter reso
lution was accepted as the basis of nego
tiations with us by the British House of
Commons in 1893, and upon our invita
tion a treaty of arbitration between the
United States and Great Britain was
signed at Washington and transmitted
to the Senate for its ratification in Jan
uary last.
Since this treaty is clearly the result of
our own initiative, since it has been rec
ognized as the leading feature of our for
eign policy throughoutour entire national
history the adjustment of difficulties by
judicial methods rather than force of
arms and since it presents to the world
the glorious example of reason and peace,
not passion and war, controlling the re
lations between two of the greatest na
tions of the world, an example certain
to be followed by others, I respectfully
urge the early action of the Senate
thereon, not 11 erely as a matter policy,
but as a duty to mankind. The impor
tance and moral influence of the ratifi
cation of such a treaty can hardly be
overestimated in the cause of advancing
civilization. It may well engage the best
thought of the statesmen and people of
every country, and I cannot but consider
it fortunate that it was reserved to the
United States to have the leadership in so
grand a work.
AN EXTRA SESSION NEEDED.
It has been the uniform practice of
each President to avoid, as far as possible,
the convening of Congress in extraordi
nary session. It is an example which,
under ordinary circumstances and in the
absence of a public necessity, is to be
commended. But a failure to convene
the representatives of the people in Con
gress in extra session when it involves
neglect of a public duty, places the re
sponsibility of such neglect upon the
Executive himself. The condition of the
public Treasury, as has been indicated,
demands the immediate consideration of
Congress. It alone has the power to pro
vide revenue for the Government. Not
to convene it under such circumstances,
I can view in no other sense than the
neglect of plain duty.
I do not sympathize with the sentiment
that Congress in session is dangerous to
our general business interests. Its mem
bers are the agents of the people, and
their presence at the seat of Government
in the execution of the sovereign will
should not operate as an injury, but a
benefit. There could be no better time
to put the Goverment upon a sound fi
nancial and economic basis than now.
The people have only recently voted that
this should be done, and nothing is more
binding 'upon the agents of their will
than the obligation of immediate action.
It has always seemed to me that the post
ponement of the meeting of Congress until
more than a year after it has been chosen
deprived Congress too often of the inspi
ration of the popular will, and the
country of the corresponding benefits.
ACTION MUST NOT BE POSTPONED.
It is evident, therefore, that to post
pone action in the presence of so great a
necessity would be unwise on the part of
the Executive, because unjust to the in
terests of the people. Our actions now
will be freer from mere partisan consider
ation than if the question of tariff revis
ion was postponed until the regular ses
sion of Congress. We are nearly two
years from a congressional election, and
politics cannot so greatly distract us as if
such contest was immediately pending.
We can approach the pr oblem calmly and
patriotically without fearing its effect
upon an early election. Our fellow- citizens
who may disagree with us upon the char
acter of this legislation prefer to have
the question settled now, even against
their preconceived views, and perhaps
settled so reasonably, and I trust and be
lieve it will be, as to insure great perma
nence, than to have further uncertainty
menacing the vast and varied business
interests of the United States. Again,
whatever action Congress may take will
be given a fair opportunity for trial be
fore the people are called to pass judg
ment upon it, and this I consider a great
essential 10 the rightful and lasting set
tlementof tm question. In view or tneso
considerations I shall deem it my duty
as President to convene Congress in ex
traordinary session on Monday, the 15th
day of March, 1897.
COUNTRY'S FRATERNAL SPIRIT.
In conclusion, I congratulate the coun
try upon the fraternal spirit of the peo
ple and the manifestations f good-will
everywhere so apparent. The recent
election not only most fortunately de
monstrated the obliteration of sectional
or geographical lines, but to some extent
also the prejudices which for years have
distracted our councils and marred our
true greatness as a nation. The triumph
of the people, whose verdict is carried
into effect to day, is not the triumph of
one section, nor wholly of one party, but
of all sections and all the people. The
North and the South no longer divide on
the old lines, but upon principles and
policies, and in this fact sure every lover
of the country can find cause for true
felicitation.
Let us rejoice in and cultivate this
spirit; it is ennobling and will be both a
gain and blessing to our beloved country.
It will be my constant aim to do nothing
and permit nothing to be done that will
arrest or disturb this growing sentiment
of unity and co-operation, this revival of
esteem and affiliation which now ani
mates so many thousands in both the old
antagonistic sections, but I shall cheer
fully do everything possible to promote
and increase it.
Let me again repeat the words of the
oa h administered by the Chief Justice,
which, in their respective spheres, so far
as applicable, I would have all my coun
trymen observe: "I will faithfully exe
cute the office of President of the United
States, and will, to the best of my ability,
preserve, protect and defend the Consti
tution of the United States." This is the
obligation I have reverently taken before
the Lord Most High. To keep it will be
my single purpose; my constant prayer,
and I' shall cor-fidently rely upon the for
bearance and assistance of all the people
in the discharge of my solemn responsi
bilities. THE CABINET CONFIRMED.
The new President, according to cus
tom, has sent the names of the men who
are to serve as his cabinet advisers to the
Senate, and after a brief delay the de
liberative branch of Congress confirmed
all the members. The list of cabinet offi
cers sent in was as follows:
Secretary of State John Sherman, of
Ohio.
Secretary of the Treasury Ly man J.
Gage, of Illinois.
Secretary of War Russell A. Alger, of
Michigan.
Attorney-General Joseph McKenna,
of California.
Postmaster-General James A. Gary,
of Maryland.
Secretary of the Navy John D. Long,
of Massachusetts.
Secretary of the Interior Cornelius N.
Bliss, of New York.
Secretary of Agriculture James Wil
son, of Iowa.
As a personal compliment Mr. Sher
man's nomination was confirmed without
the formality of a reference to the For
eign Relations Committee. The other
names were sent to the appropriate com
mittees, which, after a short recess, re
ported them back favorably, and formal
confirmation was then made.
Mr. Teller made some criticisms from
an extreme free coinage point of view on
the choice of Mr. Gage as the head of the
Treasury Department, and as a Westerner
complained a little bitterly of the be
stowal of IheJTjiterior Department on Mr
Bliss, an Eastern man, ancT, what ' was
worse, a New Yorker.
Mr. Hoar and others combated Mr.
Teller's objections, and after some further
exchange of views the selections were
approved. It is understood that Senator
Sherman will not enter on his duties at
the State Department until Monday, Mr.
Olney having consented to hold over
until then. Most of the other new cabi
net officers will probably be installed to
morrow. Mr. Bliss, the incoming Secretary of
the Interior, made a call this morning on
Mr. Francis, the outgoing head of that
department. The outgoing Secretary
and President McKinley's choice for the
portfolio at once retired to the email room
in the southeast corner of the building,
which Mr. Francis has used as a work
room, and were closeted there for two
hours in conversation. Mr. Francis in
that time gave his successor a rapid but
clear and businesslike account of the du
ties of the office, the pending unfinished
business before the Secretary, and some
of the officials who, under the recent ex
tension of the civil service classification,
will remain in close proximity to the Sec
retary, and on whom he must rely for
advice in matters of administration.
Mr. Gary called at the Post-offie De
partment this morning and introduced
himself to Postmaster-General Wilson.
The two saff down at the Postmaster-Gen-eral's
desk and entered into an informal
talk about Department affairs. Mr. Wil
son first told Mr. Gary something of the
routine of the Department, then gave an
account of the various Presidential post
offices where contests had occurred and
for which nominations were pending
before the Senate, and then gave him
some idea of the various appropriations
for the current year, and of those for the
next fiscal year. Mr. Gary said he would
inform Mr. Wilson when it would be
agreeable for him to take the oath of
office and enter on his duties.
. Ex-Representative James Wilson, of
Iowa, called on Secretary Morton, at the
Agricultural Department, had a confiden
tial chat with him about Department
affairs, and also met some of the leading
officials, with most of Whom.be has been
acquainted for several years, while he
has been connected with the Iowa Agri
cultural College and Experiment Station.
The last of the new Cabinent members
to arrive in the city was John D. Long,
the Secretary of the Navy. He reached
here this morning with his daughter,
Miss Helen Long. They went to the
Cochran Hotel, where they will remain
until about April 1st, when Secretary
Long will go to his home and bring his
family here.
THE CABINET.
It does not seem to occur to most peo-
)le that the Cabinet of President McKin
ey is one selected for work and not for
display, or for the distribution of patron
age. It is not a gathering of boys. Secre
tary Sherman was born before 1830, and
Secretary. McKenna after 1840, but the
six remaining members were born be
tween 1830 and 1840. The grand old vet
eran, who was at the birth of the Repute
lican party and entered Congress forty
two years ago as a Republican, heads the
list, and Attorney:General McKenna, of
California, born in 1843, but since he was
twenty-two years old highly esteemed as
a lawyer, and in later years as a judge, is
its youngest member. Messrs. Bliss and
Gary were born in 1833, Profess Wilson
in 1835, Secretary Gage in 1836, General
Alger in 1837 and Governor Long in 1838.
In birthplace Sherman and Alger are
from Ohio, Long from Maine, Bliss from
Massachusetts and Gary from Connecti
cut, Gage from New York, McKenna
from Philadelphia and Wilson from Scot
land. Their business activities and lives
represent Massachusetts. New York.
Maryland, Ohio, Michigan, Illinois, Iowa
and California aa reasonable a geograph
ical division as could be desired.
- Respecting public position, Mr. Sher
man has been in active service forty-two
years, a leading Representative in Con
gress, a Senator, a Secretary of the Treas
ury who achieved resumption of specie
payments, and emce a Senator. Mr. Long
has been Governor of Massachusetts, and
General Alger of Michigan, and it ia no
secret that Messrs. Bliss and Gage, ex
cept for unwillingness to leave business
duties, might have held high office in
their States. Mr. Wilson has been in Con
gress, but is more widely known for bis
services as professor of the Iowa Agricul
tural College, and Judge McKenna has
been in Congress, but has won greater
reputation on the Bench. Mr. Gary, an
Abolitionist when that name wo a one of
reproach, a Republican of old-time and
unwavering faith, though long shut out
of public service by Democratic machi
nery and its resulting majorities in Mary
land, has in his own State as high appre
ciation and honor as others who have
enjoyed a surrounding atmosphere of
greater honesty and freedom.
The duties to w hich these men are called
are to a large extent those for which they
have especial training. Senator Sherman
has been eo long on the Committee of
Foreign Relations that be has little to
learn about the duties of the high office
which he accepts. Mr. Gage has distin
guished himself by making a Chicago
bank scarcely second in volume of If giti
mate business to any other in the coun
try, and as Preeident of the World's Fair
displayed great executive ability. Gen
eral Alger was a soldier of merit, and has
been honored by his former comrades,
and it would be difficult to suggest a man
better qualified for the post of Secretary
of Agriculture than the Professor of the
Iowa College. Judge McKenna leaped
into the front rank as a lawyer early in
life, and has since won distinction aa a
Judge. Governor Long, Mr. Gary and
Mr. Bliss possess business and executive
abilities, and are believed to be equal to
the new responsibilities they have as
eumed.
It is a Cabinet for practical work, and
not mere parade. It is also a Cabinet of
warm and sincere friends of the Preei
dent, and much will be expected of it in
making the new administration a success.
. PRESIDENTIAL SUCCESSION PROBLEMS.
Constitutions and laws are prone not to
provide against remote contingencies,
This is well enough, so far as trivial pos
sibilities are concerned, but there are
cases in which such neglect is unjustifia
ble. It is not wise, for example, to ignore
the fact that the death of a President
elect would at least leave the succession
open to discussion, and might produce
dangerous complications. Secretary her
man is on record, we believe, as holding
that the Vice-President-elect would not
have an impregnable constitutional title
to the Presidency in that case, though he
might succeed by common consent. He
certainly could not take the office of Pre
sident in succession to a President-elect
who had never held it, nor could he take
it by virtue of his quality as Vice-President-elect,
which legally is not an official
quality at all. But there is, on the other
band, much force in the argument that,
having become Vice-President in strict
accordance with the Constitution, he
would immediately then after become
President, in succession not to the de
ceased President-elect, but to the actual
outgoing President, through whose re
moval by the expiration of his term the
office had become vacant. Ia ca.-e both-
the President elect and the Vice President-elect
should die, the question would
become still more complicated, but in
that emergency the same reasoning would
seem to show that the outgoing Secretary
of State, whdse term does not expire by
limitation on a fixed date, would succeed
in place of the outgoing President.
A state of affairs involving different
problems would arise if the person desig
nated for Preeident at the popular elec
tion should die prior to the meetings of
the r 1 ;cV"-al colleges. In that case, it
nily be"8ald,"the70riginal deliberative
function and independent choice of the
I--.'wrc rould be restored; but it is ex-tiw-c'y
' ubtful if popular opinion or
the consent of the successful party would
leave the decision to the electors. It is
more probable that a National convention
would be called to make a nomination
which the electors would infallibly ratify.
The range of possibilities might be still
greater in the case of the electors having
already met and voted for a candidate
who was dt stined todie prior to the count
ing of their votes by Congress. For under
those conditions it seems certain that the
electors would have nothing further to do
with the matter.. In strict truth there
would be no electors, for having met and
acted they would have performed their
sole function, would have ceased to exist
officially, and would be beyond the possi
bility of resurrection. The proceedings
following the death of Mr. Greeley throw
little light on the subject, for he was an
unsuccessful candidate; his death a few
days after the popular election did not
disturb its result; in reality the Greeley
electors did not concentrate their votes,
and though some curious questions arose
in the counting of the votes in Congress,
no important point was conclusively set
tled. These are the serious problems per
haps not all of them that would arise to
perplex if not to endanger the country in
consequence of a calamity which it is
foolish to regard as too improbablo to re
quire consideration merely because it has
never occurred. The death of Mr. Gree
ley soon after his defeat and the death of
the elder Harrison soon after his inaugu
ration forcibly suggest a contingency
which the country will presumably not
escape forever. It is tiie part of wisdom
to provide against the dangers of a situa
tion which may arise in any fourth year,
and which is almost certain to arise in
the indefinite future. And the time to
propose the adoption of simple and effi
cient safeguards is at the beginning of a
new Administration, when the machin
ery of Government is running securely in
compliance with the Constitution, and
there is ample time to establish the con
ditions of safety before the approach of
another period of indecision. .
THE ASYLUM BILL.
The General Assembly of North Carolina
do enact:
Section 1. That section 2240 of The Code
be amended by striking out the following
words: "The State Hospital, as amended
by Act of 1891, chapter 15, located near
Morganton, shall be and remain a corpo
ration under that name; and the Eastern
North Carolina Hospital, located near
Goldsboro, shall be and remain a corpo
ration under that name: the State Insane
Asylum, near Raleigh," Xhe charters of
said hospitals by whatever name, and all
act's amendatory of said charters are
hereby repealed.
Sec. 2. The State Hospital for the Col
ored Insane, located near Goldsboro, and
the Western Hospital for the Insane, lo
cated near Morganton, the Central Hos
pital for the Insane, near Raleigh, be and
the same are hereby created and consti
tuted corporations with all the powers,
rights and privileges heretofore held and
exercised by the North Carolina Hospital,
and the State Hospital and the North
Carolina Insane Asylum respectively.
Sec. 3. That sections 2241, 2242, 2243,
2244 and all other sections t f chapter 2.
volume 2, of the Code be amended by
striking out the words, " The North Caro
lina Insane Asylum, and State Hospital,"
wherever they occur in said chapter or
any act amendatory thereof, and insert
ing in lieu thereof the words, " The West
ern Hospital for the Insane," and by
striking out the words, "The Eastern
North Carolina Hospital"; and "The
North Carolina Insane Asylum" wher
ever they occur in said sections, and in
chapter 2, volume 2 of The Code, or any
act of the General Assembly amendatory
thereof, and inserting in lieu thereor the
words. "The State Hospital for the Col-
ored Insane." the " Western Hospital for 1
the Insane," and the "Central Hospital
for the Insane," and as thus amended,
said sections and chapter 3, volume 3 of
The Code, except as hereinafter provided,
are re-enacted.
Sec. 4. That the Eastern Hospital for
the Colored Insane, the Central Hospital
for the Insane, and the Western Hospital
for the Insane are hereby incorporated
and shall be under the management of
nine trustees to be nominated by the Gov
ernor and confirmed by the Senate, who
shall hold their offices for the term of
four years from and after their appoint
ment, and the provisions of volume 2,
chapter 2 of The Code, applicable to the
directors of the North Carolina Insane
Asylum, not in conflict with the provis
ions of this act, are hereby made applica
ble to the Board of Trustees of the State
Hospital for the Colored Insane, the Cen
tral Hospital for the Insane, and the West
ern Hospital for the Insane, and as modi
fied by this act are hereby re-enaced.
Sec. 5. That the office of Superintend
ent of the Eastern North Carolina Hos
pital, North Caroliba Insane Asylum, and
the North Carolina Hospital for the In
sane, are hereby abolished.
Sec. 6. That the Board of Trustees for
each of the hospitals herein provided for
shall at thfir first meeting under this act,
elect a Principal and Preeidmt, whtBsj
terms of office shall each be for four
years, and each shall receive an annual
salary of $2,500 ; and in addition to the
duties heretofore imposed on the ttuper
intendent of said hospital, they shall dis
charge such duties as the Trustees may
require by regulations for the govern
ment of said hospital. That chapter 2.
volume 2 of The Code shall in all respects
apply to the corporations hereby created
except as modified by eectine 0 of Ibis act.
Sec. 7. That immediately upon the rati
fication of this act the Secretary of State
shall furnish the Governor a certified copy
thereof, and immediately upon the con
firmation by the Senate the Secretary of
State shall notify each Trustee of his ap
pointment, and the Trustee for the West
ern Hospital shall assemble at Morganton
00 the 9th day of March 1897, next; and
the Trustees for the Central Hospital shall
assemble at Raleigh on the same day; and
the Trustees of the Eastern Hospital shall
assemble at Goldsboro on the same day,
and ehall organize under this act by elect
ing such officers as they may deem for
the best interest of each of said hospitals.
Sec. 8. It is not the intention of the
General Assem bly that the Trustees herein
provided for shall be officers of the mean
ing of section 7, of article 14, of the Con
stitution, and they are declared to be
special trustees for the special purpose of
inn act.
Sec. 9. All laws and clauses of laws in
consistent or in conflict with this act are
hereby repealed.
Sec. 10. This act shall be in force from
and after its ratification.
Appointment of Directors.
The Committee on Buildings and
Grounds yesterday elected Rev. J. L.
Burns, of Martin county, keeper of the
capitol.
It was announced from the Executive
office that Dr. Monroe, of the medical de
prrtmentuf Davidson College, will suc
ceed Dr. Murphy as Superintendent of
the Insane Asylum at Morganton
Governor RussfII sent hi appointments
of directors for the various State institu
tions and other officers to the St-nate yes
terday for confirmation. The Senate went
into executive sessi n and confirmed all
the appointments. A strong fight was
made against J. Y. Hamrick, of Cleve
land, for Commissioner of Labor Statis
tics for the term of two years. He was
finally confirmed, however, by a vote of
24 to 21.
The following are the appointments:
FOR DIRECTORS OF THE STATE PRISON.
Claudius DcwkeTyTTRIchmiyCoTl
H. Chad bourn, of New Hanover: E. T.
Clark, of Halifax: Hinnon Hughes, of
Alamance; M. M. Peace, of Vance; R. R.
Cotton, ct Pitt: George H. Cannon, of
Brunswick; A. Y. Sigmon, of Catawba;
J. J. Perkins, of Pitt, each for a term of
four years.
FOR MEMBERS OF THE BOARD OF INTER
NAL IMPROVEMENTS.
Charles A. Cook, of Warren; J. C. L.
Harris, of Wake, each for two years.
FOR THE STATE HOSPITAL FOR THE INSANE
AT GOLDSBORO.
Rufus Ham, of Wayne; F. N. Husney,
of Tyrrell; C. S. Wooten, of Lenoir; John
S. Leary, of Mecklenburg; W. M. Hen
derson, of Vance; Dr. J. E. Penon, of
Wayne; Dr. John B. 8picer, of Wayne;
John J. Sharpe, of Nash; Rev. Joseph
Perry, of Wake, each for a term of four
years.
FOR THE TRUSTEES OF THE WESTERN HOS
PITAL FOR THE INSANE AT MORGAN
TON. V. S. Lusk, of Buncombe; Dr. Henry
Mott, of Iredell; Dr. E. Q. Hueeton, of
Mecklenburg; T. Geo. Walton, of Burke;
Samuel Huffman, of Burke; John Pear.
Born of Burke; Lee Whitener, of Catawba;
A. C. Sharpe, of Iredell, and L. A. Aber
nathy, of Lincoln, each for a term of four
years. t
FOR TRUSTEES OF THE CENTRAL HOSPITAL
FOR THE INSANE AT RALEIGH.
J. D. Biggs, of Martin; Dr. B. S. TJtley,
of Wake; Dr. Phil. J. Macon, of Warren;
Rev. T. T, Speight, of Bertie; Dr. Pale
mon John, of Pasquotank: William A.
Deans, of Wayne; Dr. B. T. Person, of
Wilson; M. L. Wood, of Bertie; Geo. B.
Curtis, of Halifax, each for a 'term of
four gears.
FOR COMMISSIONERS OF THE DEPARTMENT
OF AGRICULTURE.
For the State at Large: W. C. Sprinkle,
of Madison, for four years; Howard
Brown, of Warren, for six yeors; J. Dow
Mault8by, of Columbus, for four years;
J. L. Ramsey, of Wake, for four years;
J. Wm. Bailey, of Wake, for two years.
FOR CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICTS.
First John Brady, of Gates, for two
years.
Second Benj. F. Aycock, of Wayne,
for two years.
Third Hill E. King, of Onslow, for
four years.
Fourth R. B. Lineberry, of Chatham,
for two years.
Fifth R. J. Joyce, of Rockingham,
for six years.
Sixth Geo. E. Flow, of Union, for six
years.
Seventh S. F. Shore, of Yadkin, for
four years
Eighth J. C. Ray, of Watauga, for six
years. v
Ninth James M. Allen, of Rutherford,
for six years.
FOR TRUSTEES OF THE NORTH CAROLINA
COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE AND ME
CHANIC ARTS.
For the State at Large: Col. L. C Ed
wards, of Granville, for six years; J. C.
L. Harri?, of Wake, for six years; D. G.
Butler, of Vance, for four years; W. G.
Pool, of Pa quotank, for six years; J. W.
Hardin, Jr., of Wake, for four years.
F r the Congressional Districts:
First E. V. Cox. cf Pitt, for six years.
-Second Henry G. Connor, of Wilson,
for two years.
Third Dr. Matt. Moore, of Duplin', for
four years.
Fourth B. R. Lacy, of Wake, for two
years.
Fifth J. L. Waller, of Alamance, for
four years.
Sixth Henry E. Bonitz, of New Han
over, for two years.
Seventh Dr. 'M. D. Kimbrough, of
Davie, for four years.
Eighth Dr. B. F. Dixon, of Cleveland,
for two years.
Ninth James J. Britt. of Mitchell, for
six years.
TRUSTEES OF THE NORTH CAROLINA IN8TI-
TUTION FOR THE DEAF AND DUMB.
Benin ruin F. Montagu, of Wake, for a
term of six years, ending March 2, 1903,
to tucoeed himself; James H. Young, of
Wake, for a term of six years, ending
March 2, 1903, to succeed Jas. A. Briggs;
Benj. N. Duke, of Durham, for the un
expired term of two j ears of II. C. Her
ring, ending Marcu a, u. Thos. Bai
ley, of Wake, for the unexpired term of
two years of C. D. Heartt, ending March
2, 1899; Kemp W. Mrritt, of Wake, for
the unexpired term of four years of J. J,
Rogers, ending March 2, 1901.
POSITION WANTED !
Mr. Thos. M aben, a first-class horseman.
Can produce good recommendations. For
further particulars, call at 229 So. Person
street.
v LIMITED
DOUBLE DAILY
SERVICE
TO
ATLANTA. CHARLOTTE.
AUGUSTA. ATHENS.
WILMINGTON. NEW ORLEANS,
CHATTANOOGA, NASHNILLE,
AND
NEW YORK, BOSTON, PHILADELPHIA,
WASHINGTON, NORFOLK,
RICHMOND.
BOUTIIBOUND. No. 403. No. 41.
LvNew York, via Pa. R.K. 1 1 00 am 00 nra
"Philadelphia, 112 pm 12 05 am
Baltimore, " 8 15 ' J50 "
" Washington, 4 40 " 4 W)
Richmond, via A. CL. M " 8 05 "
Lv Norfolk." via S. A7L 8 8.1 fni 5Veni
" Portsmouth, . S 45 pm 8 20 "
Lv Weldon, via S. A. ! I VW pin ilMam
Arllendcrnon, i ... - W rn !W pm
ArDurhain, yimH. A.L.Z.'. t siam 4 09 pm
Lv Durham. " f 5 20 pm til 10 am
Ar Kaleiich, via M. A. L fT am DM pin
" Han ford, " 8 Sfl " 6 OS '
Boul hern Pine, " 4 22 " 6 55 "
"Hamlet, " . 6 10 6 68 "
Wadenboro, 6 64 " 811 '
" Monroe, 6 4.1 " 12 '
Ar (Jhnrloil-e, via M. A. It.. 8 HOa in 7o 2."7n
Ar CljfwUT, via M. A. Li Tip am J0 47 pm
Lv Clumbla,(rNLT10tI . f 6 00 pni
Ar Clinton, via hTaTCZZT h am 12 10 am
" Greenwood, ' mmmm 10 K9 " 1 07 "
" Abbe villa, " H05 140
Klberton, 12 07 pm 8 41 "
"Athens, " 1 15 " 8 45 "
Winder, 1 6H " 4 80 "
" Atlanta, (Central Time) 2 60 6 20
NORTHBOUND.
LvAtlanta,(0cn.Tre)8.A.L
" Winder, via . A. L
" Athena. "
" Etberton, "
Abbeville.
M Greenwood, "
" Clinton,
Ar tvlulnbtM,(j.N.AL.lt.Tfi:
No. 402.
No. 88.
1200n'n
' 7 50 pm
10 42
11 2 "
12 83 am
1 40 "
8 08 "
8 05 "
2 40 pm
8 10 "
4 15 "
6 15 "
6 41 "
6 84 "
7 00 am
4 38 am
8h0 am
0? ara
815 "
v Cheater, M. AIL .
813 pm
10 2 pm
ArCharlotte, vlaH. A.TL.
Lv Monroe, via 8. A. L
" Hamlet, "
Ar W'ilmi n'gton, "
Lv Southern Pin en, '
" KalelKh, "
ArHendemon, " ....
ArKurlidin, via . A. 1.
Lv Durham, " .
Ar Weldon, via M. A. L
" Richmond .
" Wa.hlriK'n. via Pa. ICR.
Halt I more,
" Philadelphia, "
40 pm
11 23 '
J 580 am
1280 pm
8 20 a m
11 85
12 II ""
216 am
8 2H "
100
f i M am
t 6 20 pm
f 4 08 pm
10 am
4 6 urn
8 00 pm
6 60 "
11 10 M
12 4H am
8 46 '
815
11 21 pm
1 43 pm
8 60 Dm
new iorK,
Ar Portsmouth, via H.A.L.
" Norfolk,
7 km am
550 pm
6 05 "
7 Ml
DaJJ Dally Ex.Bund'y. IDally F.t. Mon'y
' Noa. 403 and 402. "Th Aflnnfu NiyAt1 mnl.
m Tnuuuieu 1 rain 01 j-unman rueepera ana
Ooachea between WawhlnRton and Atlanta,
alao Pullman K lee pern between Portsmouth
and Cheater. H. V.
Noa.41 and 88, "The H. A. L. Eiprewi" Holld
Train, Coachea and Pullman Kleepcrs between
PorUmouth and Atlanta, Company Hleepen
between Columbia and Atlanta,
Both train make Immediate connection at
Atlanta for Montgomery, Mobile, New Urleann,
Texan. California, Mexico, Chattanooga, Nanli
Vllle, MemphU, Macon, Florida.
For ticket, uleepem and Information, apply
to Ticket Agent, or to '
1L H. LEARD, Sol. Pans. Airt..
E. 8T. JOHN Vlce-Prea. and Gen. Maii.
V. K McBKE, Oen. Huperlnlendent.
H. W. B. UUJVKK, Traffic ManaKer.
T. J. ANDERHON, Oen. Agent.
General Offices; POIUHMUUTII, VA.
WILMINGTON AND WEI.1KJN RAIL
ROAD AND BRANCHEM,
AND FLORENCE RAILROAD.
CONDENSED BCH EDTJLE.
A -XT 1 1 1. I . . . - . . . . . .
TKAINH GOfNG H)01H
(CorrocUKL)
Leavs Weldon..... A ' . . ;
A r. Rocky Monot 12 62 10 85
Leave Tarboro., . 12 Z1Z
Lv .Rocky Moum 12 62 10 85 ZZZ. 5 45 12 45
Leava Wilaon. 2 05 11 16 6 20 2 12
Lv. FayettevUle 4 15 1 04 ......... .........
Arrive Florence- 6 65 8 15
P. M. A. M.
Leave Goldiiboro ......... 7 03 8 10
aw,?1."?11" 4 16
Ar. Wlluilu(jtxjn 9 ho 6 45
TitATNallol K7TT17t tT 1 1 T1"'
FeDb. ' S
(oorrecuL & ilM.il
Lv. Florence. . 8 4., 8 15
Lv. tayettevllie. 11 20 10 20 ..
Leave Helma. 1 w ""1 . ZZ.
Arrive WlUon.. 1 42 dToZZZ
XiV. Wilmington. 7 "5 ?j
1- ?Laf??U 8 6fi 10 6V
Lv. GoltUooro .. 10 10 12 01
T Mm A.M. P. M. P. M.
Vv Wllaon l 4i 12 15 11 a, 12 48
Ar.Rocky Mount 8 8 12 63 11 to 1 20
Leave Tarbdro... 12 12
Arrive Weldon-. 8 8W 1
P. M-l A. M P. M
day exoept Mondy. tDally except Hun-
Train on the Sootland Neck Branch Road
W1,?00 P. .. Halifax 4:M p. m. ;
arrive BooUaud Neck at b:M p. mM Greenville
r7 .P? Ktnavon 7:55 p. m. Returning,
leaven Rl onion 7:50 a m G reenvll) e :62 a. rn. :
arriving Halifax at 11:20 a. m., Weldon 11:40
a. m., dally except Hon Jay.
Train on Waahlngton Branch leave Waah
1 nit ton 8:20 a, m. and 2p. m., arrive Parmele
?L10. ,m' nd 10 P' tn- returning leave Par-melelO-.lOa,
m. and 6:80 p. arrive Wanb-
Bunday U1 7M P" dUy IcePt
Train leave Tarboro, N. a, dally, 6.30 p.m.;
arrlvea Plymouth at 7:40 p. m. Returning,
leavea Plymouth 7-') a, in., arrlvea Tarboro
luHio a. m.
Train on Midland, N. C, Branch leavee
Goldiiboro dally, except Sunday, at 7:10 a. m. ;
arriving Bmlthfleld at 8:iW a. in. Returning,
leavea Bmlthfleld at V:0i a. m. arrive at Golda
boro at Hr.Mt a. m.
Tralna on Nashville Branch leave Rocky
Mount at 4:80 p. m.; arrives NaMhvlile at 6:0u
p. m., Bprlng Hope 6:.)0 p. in. Returning,
leaves Bprlng Hope at H;W a. in., Naahvllle
8:85 a. m.; arrive at Rocky Mount at V:05 a.m.
dally, except Bunday.
Train on Clinton Branch leavea Waraaw for
Clinton dally, except Bunday, at 11:15 a. ui.
and 4:10 p.m. Returning, leaves Clinton at
7:00 a. m. and 8:00 p. m.
Train No, 78 make doae connection at Wel
don for all point North dally, all rail via.
Richmond, alao at Rocky Mount with Nor
folk and Carolina Railroad for Norfolk, and
all point North via Norfolk.
H. M. EMERSON, Gen'l Paa. Agent.
J. R, KKNLY.
General Manager.
T. M. EMERHON,
Trafflo Manager.