SATUItfJAV, MAY ’.Oth. Ifl41
THE CAROLINA TMHfl
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NEGRO LIFE
AND CULTURE
which ^,600 are retail stores
doins an annual business qf ov
er $100,000,000. Thttre are 28
Kcirro banlu having combined
rtBource* of more than $15,-
000,000, and there are 44 insur
ance companies with insurance
m force to the total of nearly
one-half billion dollars. The to-
tal purchasing powfer of Ke-
Instftiite for fteaearch in Social Negroes are dying out and oth- ffroes is estimated at two billion
Science University Of jCrs think that they are aoon go-Jdollars a year. Negroes own and
North Carolina ing to swamp the white popu- and publish 200 newspapers and
lation. Well, both ideas are ab-numerous periodicals of all
GUY B. JOHNSON »urd. When the first federal sorts. /
Nlany white people have a wBy census was taken iti the year j The story of educational prog-
of saying, “Oh, I know the 1790 there were about three- would take much more
Negro. You can’t tell me any- quarters of ^ million Negroes, time than I can devote to it to-j
thing about Negroeu. I've known ^>ne iKjrson in every five was day. Let me summariM it in'
them 1^1 my life.'^ Well, I won- colored. At the time of the this way. Illiteracy has decreas-!
der jost how muck the average emancipation there were nearly ed from 95 percent at the time
white per^n really does know 6,000,000 and today th^rc are of emancipation to 10 percent
about' Negroes. How many of 13,000,000, but today only one today. There are more than 100,
US actually know more than one'Person in eleven in a Negro. 8p collets dwted exclusively to
or Jlegroes? How many of the Negro population is not dy- the education of Negroes., Col-,
US have ever visited a Negro out, neither is it swamjring lege attendance ha« increased
church other than as mere spec- white population. It looks tremendously in the P*®t
tators? How many h#ive ever »8 '^th populations will sta- decades, and the number of col-,
read a novel or a poem written * in the next few decades lege graduates in
by a Negro? How many are ac- ^ ratio of about one Negro years alone is over 10,000. About
quainted with even one educat-!^® white*. |2,000 N^r««B have reived ^e
ed colored person? And if we There are two very important degree of M. A. . and over 200
were asked to name five Ne- which have affected have earned the Ph.D. degree,
groes, other than prize fighters'the distribution of the Negro Three hundred ^ve been el^^
and jazz orchestra leaders, who'population. One of these is the ed to Phi Beta^^ppa, and 100
have achieved distinction in'movement of Negroes from the are listed in Whos Who m
American life, I doubt if many I South into the North and West, America. Certainly no well-in-
of us could ^ it. No I am’^” years just following the formed person would be so stu-
afraid that what the average first World War this movement pid as to cling o the old notion
person means when he says that!>^^‘=^®‘i proportions that it ^ that the Negro cant take an
he knowte the Negro is that he was referred to as the Great , education
knows a little bit about his cook
Lonceford and Manager Discuss Tour
or h^red man or farm tenant,
thit he knows a few “Negro
stories," and that he has a lot
grf threadbare notions about the
racial characteristics of the Ne
gro. I believe that our ideu
about colored Americans and
odr relations with them would
be more intelligent if we were
better informed, and so. in this
brief talk I want to give you a
bird’s eye view of the achieve
ments and problems of the Ne
gro American.
First of all, a fewf words
about the trends in Negro popu
lation, I find that many people
have exceedingly hazy ideas on
such simple questions as how
many Negroes there are in the
United States and whether they
are increasing or decreasing.
Some people sean» ^t^ink that
get along with at wlilte people.
There wre too manjr white peo
ple who eoiudil«' it their God-
given privilege to insult, intim
idate, or inittre people of a dif-
fer«it color. There are white
people take insult too eas
ily and who are always ‘‘right"
in any differsnce of opinion
with a eNgro. Let’s not for
get that ttwtTj Negro, from
childhood through old age, has
to adapt binaself to expect the
worst. No matter how cultur
ed, how refined, how deserving
of rmpec^ he may be, Ke is
never entirely fre from the fear
of personal insult and bodily
harm. nmf Qf sLOwu-nMMM caMns
I
These, then, are some of the
darker phases of the picture. I
think that we w4iite people
might well pause and ask our
selves whether we have made an
honest effort to apply our Chris
tianity and our democracy to
the Negro. I regret to report
that I know many Negroes who
long since stopped believing
that, the white man is the Ne
gro's t>est friends. One of the
most dftheartening things I
have seen la'>ely among Negro
young people is their increasing
feeling of futility and despair.
Aftra- all, what does the Ne-| . • , ^
grp w»nt from America? I am New York, (TYF) - The Hon. smoog the hoiM>red guwt# &al
convinced that what he wantS'ip Fiorella H. LaGuardia, N e w day will be Harlem s owb JEegv
some^ing stmj^e and perfectly Y9rk’s popular Mayor, having ment, the :i09th Coast Artillery
reasonable. He doe not want already warmed up on two Ma- and though the great distaoM to
. _ - . kopo Jn nn he doos not Want to dom-jor’LeaMe inaugurals, promised be travelled prevents tiK entin
Jimmie LimcefM . Lu„ceford’i Uttst tour throughl'"*'* not want to W iS «»test tom whm regiio«nt from .ttcBiliiig is •
■»>« equality t^n oA Fi„. B„U of bod,. Col. Bo^ i.
wu Wishes to give him. Ijjje Negro National league Open sending down a repreeentativc
What he does want is op^r- y^nkee Stadium, Sun- delegation from their Camp at
tunity—an opportunity which is . - _
tho average in the prisons and chain gangs ^
28% LESS NICOTINE
d|an the avwat* of tb« 4 Mber tafftMt-MfBng
cigas*ttM IMS than uy a# th«m—•ccofrftag
to Inaspcndent •dntlfk: tMM mt tb* aoMfe* ItMif
THE aCARETTC or COSfUOl TOBMCOS
CAMEL
Mayor LaGuardia To Throw First ^
As Colored Stars Open B^ieball Se^
southern territory,
dent.
Migration. In the past twenty! It would take a large volume
years the number of Negroes to record the achievement® of
living in the North and West Negroes, in various fields. Suf-
has almost tripled. One-half of fice it to say that their achieves^
all the Negroes living in these'ments are no lonsrer confined to
sections were bom in the South, music and pugilismi, but extend character,
Three an^ a quarter million of into many fields, such aa today is as well quali-of some of our southern states, I
our 13,000,000 colored people‘ry, fiction, drama, painting,- ^ exercise the rights and Negroe prisoners are
are now living in the North or sculpture, mathematics, astron-
the West. jomy, physics, chemistry, metal-
The other movement is the lurgy, aeronautics, architec-
movement to cities. Thirty ture, law*, medicine, biology,
years ago, three-fourths of the sociology, and religion.
Negroes were living in rural sec-j Yes, the Negro has made re
ty which IS May 11. The Mayor, long an Oswego, Xew York to take part
color* lilS T I n fK» 1
admirer of the Lea^e and its [ n the festivitiMf
plays, had to cancel several of)
on race or
ifii “Give me an oppor-
e prisoners are treated ^ naa to cancel several oi) ~ ~
duties of citizenship as were the more like beasts than human enjoy life, liberty and the engagements to aUow tanks, plane supenonty
masses of white men when they beings. An old Negro once puj^yj^ of happiness, and I will participation in the Opening British in Greece.
wtere first granted free suf- sumemd up the situation very myself. ” jDayl-|*i«iiones». Kumerous City, “
frage. Yet there are many well in these words^ Justice^ ^ ^ ^ |stat#,>aod Federal
In these critical times when
tions, today they are about markable progress—in fact, the doctors, lawyers, or Fburth
places in thfe South todaV where may be blind, but she ain't en-
qualified Negroes—even though tirely coior-bhnd." lour paramount aim is the de-
besides stage,
I Colonel Gerald Browder, U.S.
dignitanes, p
screen, radio and
indicated {
have
, educational jneaiiall-fense of our democracy and our Army
•eat progress has been American way of life.whe must y \ t • ^ cording
fifty-fifty urban and rural. The most remarkable progress ^ reg-ties. Great Leaime’s Ninth Tri*ueTir*l
increase of Negro population in any group of people has ever freely for candi- made in providing public schools be a united people. Our 13,__Ez ^
some of our cities is really made under similar conditions. Negfoes for Negroes, and we have a 000,000 colored citizens are in
amazing, and it is chiefly due, ‘But this is only one side of the jm-ors are still relatively rare right to be proud of it, partic-^many respects the most loyal
not the natural increase of picture. The other side shows more than twenty ularly here in North Carolina. Md dyed-in-the-wool Americans
Army is '
to
inquiry.
over the hump", ac>
General Marshall at
births ovw deaths, but to mi-blood, sweat, and tears; southern cities are Negro police-But there still exist some in-J in'our whole nation. We have
gration from rural areas. Thir- shows poverty, degradation, assist in law en-‘efiualitiies which should give us always had their loyalty and
ty years ago there was not a frustration, and the everlasting fQ^gg^ient among their own peo-*i^ bad conscience. In the South we must cootunitne h—F, aota
city in the whole nation with struggle against the handicaps , various policy-mak-'as a whole, we spend about $45 we must continue to have it,
a4ti|iany u J.00,000 Negroes.,of racial status. Let us look at ' boards and councils which'® for every white child en-^fc^ut the only way to keep it ia
Ten'years ago there were seven this side of ‘the picture for a ‘ - — :*
,s\ich cities, and today there ar« few moments.
= - ... , . . .jj safety ours, says
In La Guardia at air base dedica-
■ ffect their lives as citizens, N^ rojled and about $12.00 a yeat| to deserve it.
. groes re almost eniireTy Tacking’for every Negro child enrolled^
eleven—possibly twelve. These First, economic Itandicaps. In reoresention. i—differential of nearly 4 to Ij England’s safety ours,
cities are: New York, Chicago, ^ spite of a great deal of econom
Philadelphia, Baltihiore, Wash- ic progress
m represention. i
I Third, inequalitities in the iiv favor of the white child
the masses ot administration of justice. We buildings, equipment, teaching tion.
ington. New Orleans, Detroit, i groes are but a step removedpeople operate the ma-,facilites, and bus transportation
Birmingham, Memphis,
i, St. 'from poverty and starvation. igijjngj.y of justice, and we do the Negro public schools lag far
Louis, Atlanta and possibly The great depression has shown ^ pretty good job of it, but I behind the white schools. Thou-
Cleveland, Ohio. The largest of this fact very clearly. Two-sometimes we oper-sands of Negro youth have no
all Negro population cencentra- thirds of all Negro wage earn- ^ ^ actually high school facilities whatever,
tions is found in New York City frs are found in *wo back-break-^^^ promote ’ " ^
Medical society holds women
'available as Army doctors.
where there are nearly 400,000 low-paid occupations, frequently professional training which are
colored inhabitants, while Chi- domestic service. prerogative to arisen as a matter of course to Elsie the cow dies after Holly-
cago and Philadelphia have are ^«nty percent ot all Wegro Negroes wholesale on the white students are almost en- wood and World’s Fair career,
with 250,000 each, ^frm operators are tenants^ and suspicion, to curse them tirely lackmg for Negro ‘
For one and provisions for graduate and
Jones tells Associated Press
defense is “better than good. •’
OCCO-NEE-CHEE
stu-
Ten Southern States protest
about even ttavi* v\i\j , , - - 1 OUKHCOI/ ,.
And so we see that the Negro ° owners ip intimidate them into dents
has literally been “going to making confessions. In the ^'’jfth, the emotional strain of court review of “Jim Crow" law.
town” in a big way. courtroom we have 'a way of Sretting along with white peo-'
toms, race prejudice, and even jg^ling much too leniently with P'f; I doubt whether very naany
as
ha* estimated that since eman- ditional occupations, such,
ci pation the Negroes have ac-'janitor and hotel work. 'wbitp
cumulated more than 2% billioni Seond, pditical and civic dis-
dollar, .of wealth. There arej .biUtfes. W would probably not
abou 70,000 Neero business es-|be exaggerating to say that in ® Furthermore i
tablishments of all sorts, of i literacy, educational attainment nj . w ,
Feeding cuts the death rate
white people ever begin to have of bleeding ulcers, doctors are
thus''encoura~gi'ng'a”di8re-an appreciation of the mental told.
and. emotional strain which Ne-
undergo in their daily Cattle-kidney extract
Negro’s life. ' 6n"the .^ther because of the fact
hand, when a Negro harms ^ tW^ are Negroes and have to vealed,
w^ punish with
Next let IIS look at some of the labor unions have operated ^ ^
the ind'ications of economic to keep the Negro out of the ,
progress on the part of N^'skffled .trades and wUte^olUr
groes. The Negro Year Wook,|jobs and even to displace Ne-happens to be
published at Tuskegee Institute groes from some of their tra- ^ On the .jother because of the fact that ing high blood pressure is re-
our
Tak«s the Gim?ss out ^ Baking and Savi^ you Money
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiniiHniiiiiiiiiiiiiiHiiiiiiiiufliiiiiHi^^^^ '
Service . .
You will find oar SERVICE complete to tbe saalkst
detail. Our years of experience'enable us t* anticipate
your need and therefore serve you better.
‘‘Tlioughtfiil Attcntioa To Evea Tlie Smajkst Dvtail*
AHEY’S FUNERAL HOME
401 Pine Street 24 HMr Serrice Phone 3jmi
illllllBllllllllillMIHnilHIIINIHM^^^
reliev-
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INVESTIGATE OUR SOUND MORTGAGE PLAN
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sooner. Come in for prompt service and helpful advice
—from local people who know and understand your
local problems.
Mutual Building & Loan Assn.
F. L. McCOY, Chairman of Board R. L. McDOUGAXilX Sec’y.'Treas.
114 West Parrish Street- 816 F;ayetteville Street
DONT BlAMi
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hair COLOtING
J£11-^HIIAKS®^III2cOLUW'
By BETTY BARCLAY
la there a cure for weeping }eUy? Mrs. A. B. M. |
How aerioua to the weeping, Mrs. M.? The separation of i
small amount ot syrup ia normal, and will not ham
Jellies or jama onleas yeast aad mold start growing
on the seepage. Remove such contaminated glassei
from the shelf Immediately, To prevent exceaaiTi
weeping, leave a halMnch space at the top wfai
filling glasses. Paraffin, cover tightly and store
a cool, dry place that is free from dust and mildew^
Q. Why do air pockets form under the paraffin on my jellies ar^
, jams 7 Eleanor M.
A. Air pockets under the paraffin are usually due to the thicknesi
ot the paraffin. It the coating is too h^vy, it will not be elastic euouglj
to keep the shape of the jelly as it cools, in which case the paraffiu
aad jelly surface may separate and form a pocket. The paraffin coatlnj
should be only about % inch thick.
Q. What is pectinT Mrs. D. B. L.
.A. Pectin is the natural “stilfener" in fruits. A certain proportl^
of pectin, acid, and sugar is necessary to jell a jelly, and to jam a janj
Q. Why didn’t my strawberry Jelly set? I used the “cup fer cup*
role — one cup.of juice to each cup of sugar. It was just like aymp nj
matter how long I boiled it. My neighbor’s strawberry jell always sett
and has a lovely flavor. Mrs. M. A. M.
A. Your question is closely related to Mrs. D. E. L.’s. Strawberriej
have so little pectin of their own that they won’t jell by themselves, ani
this natural atlffener must be added to your fruit and sugar. Tmstwortl^
/commercial pectin comes In both bottled and powdered form, with speciii
recipes for each fruit. These directions reaolre on^ a half-minute bol
for strawberry jelly, Mrs., D.
Q. What sise measuring cap should be used tn }elly makingi
Anne McC.
A. For best results, a standard taalf-pint measuring cup should
fused In jelly making. And always be «ure to measure exactly.
, - Q. I have two raspberry buslisB in my yard,
g^od ripe friiit bvt not-ve^ tasty. I want to make
JajBi, and always itse short-boU receipts. How can I
^improve the raspberry flavor? ^ Miss B. B.
) A. An excellent question. Miss B., for wef all
like to use up our own garden products. Whenever
jam or jelly , fruit lacks tartness, add the juice of
2 meUum lemons cup) with the lusar. .
DO DROP IN -
to
THE HOLLYWOOD INN
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Others...Tdl Us**
118 S, Mani^iii St. Prop. Mrs. HayvmMd
VOUR HOME IS INSURED “YES. BtJT.]
f
LID-
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RALEIGH. N01TB:QaQ||kA
UNION INSURAKCE AND^siyW 00.
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