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Entered as second clua matter at the Post Officc at
Durham. N. C. under the Act of March 3rd, 1879^
L. R AUSTIN, Publisher
WILLIAM A. TUCK,-^ Manairinff Editor
TSTWBEmmm
CHARLOTTE OFFICE
420H East Second Street
SUBSCRIPTION RATES:
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Year ^ ^11.25 for Six
Months
iWHTTE AND NEGRO EDUCATION
The latest fisrur^ available on the amount of money which
tbe state of North Carolina spends for white and Negro cduca>
tilm, show that it*^JjMds $39.31 per capita for white children
•ad only S2L71 per capimfor Negro children. Taxes assessed
Negroes for the support of jail schools are the same as that as>
white people.
The latest figures available on the teachers salarj^ question
•how the average white teacher in this state gets $916 per
year, while the average Negro teacher gets $647, or a differ-
enc of $269 per year. The taxes assessed Negroes for the sup
port of all teachers are the same as that assessed white people.
The per capita value of buildings, grounds and equipment
Rrhich the state spends for w^ite children is $161.61, while the per
capita amount spent for Negro children is only $52.87.
taxes assessed Negroes for the purchase of equipment, buildings
and grounds are the same as those assessed white people.
In Virginia, South Carolina, Tennssee, Florida, Missouri
luid most jof the other southern states, suits havp already been
filed to erase the differential existing between white and Negro
education. North Carolina, with conservative Negro leaders
like Dr. James E. Shepard, president of North Carolina College,
has been spared the anxiety which goes with cofet action, ’ be
cause these leaders have stood in the with promises of
equalization.
Here.’ of late there is much restlessness among Negro teach
ers in North Carolina about the salary differential, and we
doubt that Dr. Shepard and his clan iMill be able to hold the
line against court action much longer.
One group consists of those who want to take immediate
court action, while another is advising that the next meeting
of the legislature will erase entirely the existence of the salary
differential,! ®nd save Negro teachet? in North Carolina the
trouble of resorting to the courts.
Frankly we do not believe that there is any honest effort
being made in North Carolina to equalize white and Negro
teachers salaries. We believe Dr. Shepard and his clan have
been “sold down the river" and are now about to be shorn
of their place in the front ranks of Negro teachers in the state.
Once this is done a new order will arise and some definite action
will be taken toward placing Negroes in North Carolina along
side those in other southern states where they have gone into*
the courts to seek a solution to their problem.
TOE ONLY NEGRO-DONT 'l
Don’t send your child to a school where he will be the ONLY
IHeflrro. Don't be the ONLY Negro on a committee unless the
Committee is composed of ONLY two persons.
Don't aenre on a jury where you are the ONLY Negro if
tkere is any way for you to avoid it. Especially avoid such a
tlaec if the defendant is a Negro. '■
BIOHTB AHD DEBOWi.
From time to time w« hear much
about Ng;hta and responsibilities,
about rights and dntiea. We are
told that with every right goes a
responsibility and with every
right, a duty. The clamour for
rights 1* deafening; the chiniowr
for responsibility is too often fainl
and nnoertain. The rights of Ne-
groM have been well thrast into
the foreground of the Negro’s
thinking. But the duties of Ne*
igroes have no like projninpncp in
the forum of intra-racial discus
sion. It is good therefore to ob
serve this disparity in emphasM
nnd sogg^st proce^res motp cfll-
rnlated too yield fntnre returns.
Some weeks ago Dr. Mary Mc
Leod Bothune spoke in Richmond
and told of the small Negro popu
lation in Daytona Beach and what
a large percentage of that ^lopula-
tion is registered as voters. My
mind swept back through the year*
to larger Nogro urban populations
where Negroes are almost indif
ferent to the ballot and the power
thereof. I have in mind a Negi’O
population in one of the urban
centers of thp south that number
some 60,000 with but 2,000 Ne
gro voters. The question that welW
r*d in my liihid was, (Do the 58.000
Negroes really deserve the^ ballot
they stubbornly refuse to employ
in their so-called fight for their
rights f
Cun a race be paid to truly
"fight for its rights” as it makes
petitions and pleas while its ball»t
is being neglected t Can a people
claim to be in dead earnest about
“bettering” its condition when
The powerful instrument for
battering that condition is left un
nse'df What can the nation think
of a race that prefers petitioning
to vojdng, mendicancy ■ to ^man
hood? Hegro’s eonsumii^ desire
for his rights know no bounds; but
his resort to the ballot is too often
desultory arid indifferertt* The
question arises ."^oes a race deserve
a ballot it refuse:^ to useT Does a
people cISserve an 'opportunity it
persistently spurns or neglects?
There are serious questions and
questions the itorld is asting and
■jit is high time the mpo Is
the question to himself. He needs
something constructive and in a
democracy the ballot is tremen
dously eonatruetive.
Let us be plain a moment. The
NAACP has jusitfied a thousand
(itnes every appeal it makes for
the race’s support. The case for
the NAACP cause has been made
out years and years ago. Yet this
great Organixation mutt periodi-
eally go bagging. “Revival Meth
ods” must be employed to recruit
members and supporters. There
oaght to be enough professional
Negroes alone in this country to
fiitance th« NAAOP. It is but •
little short of disgrace that the
NAACP is not endowed by the
men and women of the race who
know its value to our present
struggle.
This writer is not always in
agreement with the organisation's
polieies and he has been often
found with, ctifwism; but. down
d^ep in his h^art Be knows thai
this, great orgajnization desefv^s
the support of every Negro4n the
world. Do the Negroes of the Unit
ed States deserve an organisation
like the NAACPf They have one
to be sure; they often make ap
peals to it for protection of their
rights; thejr so verily need the
NAACP. But the question as to
whether they deserve it raises fur
ther questions. That the NAACP
would have to propagandise itself
and pass the hat around annually
bo*^ers closely to a racial dis
grace.
Let us stop asking ourselves
what are our tights and ask do we
deserve them. Let us stop asking
whether the NAACP is doing this
or that task but ask whether the
race has proven that it deserves
such powerful instrument of Ne
gro survival. We Would gain won
derful if We would cease protest
ing long enough to get the Neg-'o
to see there are some things that
he himself can do to help the cause
along and foremost among those
is to utilise the yights and priri-j
leges already achieved.
The average Negrd feels that,
when, he has made'some kind of
protest hi* task is finished.'Some
body must make him see that thst
is but a small part of his fight for
ftaller freedom. In our failure to
seize the great o|)portunity the
ballot gives, tre shoii^ that we do
not deserve 'those righti and op
portunities. Wh need not only
fhak^ iigainst the white
maB'S»^|jtt*W'c- bn* a^list the
Negro^a* !irtdiW«^hofefr’'*loo i*ftiwi
manifest iif' his reliance ipon-tte
ballot and in hte support of the
NAACP.
The Urban League deserves also
the fuller support of the race for
although its iprogram is not as
spectacular it has proved just ns
vital. Our deserts also are werth
considering along with oar rights
DOMINATED
After Oarkt! ... by Ri^
SATURDAY. NOVEMBER S, 1941
nirnfffTirai^
Thankafiiving
19 4 1
In
TVC
I*.
BT EUTfi TATLO*
“Can we giVe thahksf CIn w?
in all honesty celebrate Thanks
giving this year — when famine
stalks a war k>rn Europe, whch
violence and threats of war are at
our very door step, when even' th*
elements themselves seem to con
spire to the feeling of desola-
tionf”
So speak the gloomy souls. They
know as all of us know that
Thanksgiving Day is the day set
apart for the annual festival of
thanksgiving for the year’s bless
ings — but they d6 not see the
blesBings.
. Last year at Thanksgiving time,
they were sure we would be at war
in a fa wweeks—^they set the date
—so many dates £hat never hap
pened. They were sure Englan 1
would fall, that they would neve?
withstand raids and deprivations.
They were sure the Russian-Ger
man feoaliation would be too strong
for the world. The one thing they
were confident of was disaster.
Let’s see what has happened.
The Low Countries' have.fallen.
Prance lies helpless. The Seahda-
navian countries have' been pvfer^
run. Greece wias devlistatad but in
a battle of Thermopolae that as
far surpassed the ancient heroi.^m
BY HERBBRT AQAS
(Editor of tk« LottisriUa
Oouier-Joomal. mamber of
th« l&cecutlTB Board ^ Fiflit
For Freedom, Inc.,. Palitetr
Prixe histDfian, etc.)
In discussion the position or the
position of the American Negro in
relation to the threat of a totali
tarian world, we Americans have
no gfounds for pride in ouf gener
al treatment of the Negro. Honest
Americans must agree that this
o«|^ry ha.s nftv'er given its Negfo
citizens anything like a full tneas-
ure of the rights and privileges x)f
a democracy. Under such cireum
stances it would not be surprising
for some Negroes to feel that their
race owes less obligation to defend
our way of government than the
majority group that has enjoyed
Whenever you hear a Negro boasting that he was the ONLY
on the committee, in t|ie class, appointed to the position,
by the committee, awarded the prize, don't get ex-
He may be telling you that he was the ONLY Negro that
come down to the position of being a piece of wet putty,
be telling you that he was so flattered by being the
[»Y Negro that he didn't have the courage to become just one
:ng many Negroes willing to suffer for freedom.
weak Charlotte got a stomach full of one of these
Nesrow—Ne3 Davut—when they let him represent the
at a meetiiig of the Greenville chapter of the American
Club in Greenville, South Carolina. Ned was the ONLY
' h> re. and so he proceedad to tear his pants to the cha-
LOibui riaiment and diaguat of the entire race. . v—
'i'h« )Jnly tima for you to be the ONLY Negro is when you schools; and a con-
Dfcii ifig the home atreteh in a track meet.
iod deliver ua fgm» being: caujrht in the elvtcbes »f tiiese
Kegroea*:
I its benefits.
But inti^ligent Negroes them-.
Reives know well how incomparab
ly worse their lot would be under
guy gov.emment dominated by the
Na^i doctrines of racial superior
ity. On that score I can do no bet
ter than quote here from one of
tlie articles of Ifr. Da,vid H. Brod.-
ford, a ITe^o and . a weekly con
tributor to the Louisville Courier-
Journal. t.
“One of the cardinal principjes
of the system, created. By. Hitler,’’
Mr, il^adford sayis, "is race prej
udice, and , no one needs . to be
clairvoyant to knor upon whoso
bac-k the lash of racial prejuAice
and discrimination would fall most
heaivily in Ameri^. All of the Ne
gro’s aspirations for a more, Conf-
plete life would be thwarted, jnis
childBen would be taught only co*i-
quiet recesses of their own minds,
that the status of the Negro in
America is the lowest of any racial
group in our land. Abundant evi
dence is available to support this
fact. Pr^ess has been and is be
ing made, but in some fields the
distance between his status now
and the status of the majority
group is as it was three-quarters
of a century ago.
“But, with all this load to car
ry, the democratic Christian U. S.
A. is still the best government for
Negro. The principles on which
this country is founded do leave
the door open for the Negro final
ly achieving democracy’s full ben
efits. The BiH of Rights and the
brotherhood of man are still talk
ed about as desirable goals. The
terms liberty, equaHty and oppor
tunity are still resp^ed in our
midst and some day we can hopi'
Qu^tions About
Maneuvers Answered
By Headquarters
“ First Army Publie Relations Di-
Vision, Cajnden S. C., — The fin
al and most intensive stage of tlie
maneuvers in North and South
Carolina will get under w«y Sue
day, Nov. IB, irhen General Head-
quiifters of the United States Ar
my assumes direction of the move
ments of 300,000. officers and men
both op{>oeln{^^ ^forces in the
I fi»^tbe JlifSt Lt;
Gen. Hug H. ifrum, and the
mented IV Army Corps, under
Maj. Gen. Oscar W. Griswold.
For the first time since World
War I, all First Army units in the
maneuvers will coordinate theii’
personnel and materiel and act as
a full fledge Field Army in large-
scale ^operations against an “ene
my” force. Hundreds of thousands
of Selective Service men, National
Gitardsmen and Regular Army
troops, from military posts all the
way from Maine to South Cato-
lina, will participate.
The past six weeks of maneu
vers have been devoted to combat
training exercises for divisions and
corps within the First Army as a*
whole. Three Army Corps, cbni-
prisin^ eight infantry rivisions,
together with thousands of special
Corps and Army troops, poured in
to 16 counties rf North and South
men, it will make possible the first
large-scale Coordinated operations
between ground and air foroee to
be experienced by the First Army.
J r
Lt. Gen. Lesley J. McNair, Chief
of Staff of General Headquartere
of all American armer forces, will
supervise all movements Of men
and materiel in the final maneu
ver phase, from Monroe, N. C., lo
cation of the Director’s Head
quarters. Assisting him will be the
Deputy. Director and Assistant
Chief .of. Staff, ^HQ, Brig. Ger..
MAr)«.(I9if.' Clark, and 24 General
o^fi«ws, i each of
them, IfeftdeM ih i^veVj phase pf
military activity participaled in by
the U. S. Army.
as this war has- luppassed the ward
of the aneients. Bu|—^^he ^all>
tiori 18^ broken; *tfie
conntriw are'seething ^ith revolt,
even egainst the grea^iii; ' oddn;
England etill Itkhds firm, ridlled
and courageous. Tiyith tii—have
still not deelared *wif, biit withlu
the country is arisinif, des^!^^^ an
avalanche of Nael inspired
ganda| a sense of coop^rati6^V a
national unity which is our^’lJ^st
aafeguard of defanie. Sloiwiy^hut
sorely we ar© strhg^ltng to a
of responsibility, of ’ idealism, 'of
hi(H» monale. Spit^uiilly iiie be-
eomitig armed for any'crisis the
coming year ttiay hrffig fbrtft^.';
■ q
• Thanksgiving th^ expr^sion
of gratitude for divine ih^les.
Not only can we ^ve thanki^'this
ifovember—hut we must. We,'wlio
still have peace, •«>hose shores w r
has not penetrated, ■Wlio still' en
joy the blessings of freedom, havii
a solem duty ^ rejoice itid Jflve
thanfciK unto the Lord for his m'a'--v
favors bestor^d upoia us as indi
viduals and as a nation. lu ' the
spirit of thanksgiving for the di
vine fa tor of the f>ast yehr^, and
'IfVith a deep and abiding trust in
His mercies in the future niuft
celebrate this day of Thanksgiv
ing, 1941 as a united people In a
United States.
THE RED CROSS APPEAL
Four times the number of men
will be engaged in this final ma
neuver, as compared with the to
tal personnel of the First Army
maneuvers at Ogdensbnrg, N. Y.,
in the Summer of 1940. Armor^^d
divisions and the Air Support
Command are eotitely ne^ in the
1!M1 maneuvers. New also are
large-scale jjarachute a 11 a c h s ,
many types of mechanical equip
ment and the presence of a com
plete motorized infantry division,
an important experiment in the
movement o flarge bodies of com-
fcat troops,
i
Thirty-five thousand vehicles of
all types will rumble over the 10,
000 ^uare mile maneuver area un
der the command of the First Ar-
Carolina six weeks ago, to climax 'my alone. Many thousands more
the bettet part of a year of (^ad-
ually intensified field training,
given month by month in the mil
itary posts to which they were as
signed.
In the early days of their ar
rival here, troops from the North
sweltered in the heat of
Dixie’s hottest autumns. Today,
with their fellow soldiers of the
South, they are experiencing th?
first nip of Winter warfare w^ith
will participate on the side of the
opposing IV Army Corps, includ-
ifig hundreds of tanks belonging
to the 1st and 2nd Armored Divi-
Commanding officers of the
one of three Armj- Corps of the First Ar
my, under General Drum, will be
the same men who have guided
their troops through the first six
weeks of the maneuvers. They
to attain them.' We can still have noted for its variation in terrain,
the mercury hovering down around lare: Maj. Gen. Charles F. Thomp-
freezing. In the maneuver area, (son, I Corps; Maj. Gen. Lloyd R,
trolled press would J)ut a ra^or Isi
theNband and a bottle in the poc
ket o/^every Keffro*, v ^ ‘
“All .Honest Ameri*s[ns admit,
hope and faith
“In a Hitlerized government
there would be no hope. The blood
purity doctrine alone would ex
clude us entirely from benefits .in
his society. Our present situation
bad as it is, looms as a choice Po
sition when I. think of what it
would certainly be under a Hitler'
regime.”
There speaks a Negro under no
illusions 6s to the fate of his race
in A Hitler-dominated world. The
worst orgies of mee hatred, the
most complete discrimination and
the fullest economic destruction
would be saved for* that group. Un
der democracy the Ameriean’Ne
gro is making slow, and painful
bat continual progressi Under
Nazism the Negro would be hurled
back in a day to.the barbarism of
the jangle.
weather, soil and other natural
conditions, men of the First Army
are being finally welded into the
“nll-pnrpose Army,” the need for
which .Chief j>f^ Staff George C.
Marshall reported to the Secretary
of War in July of this. year. ,
some openfy and boldly, o(herji in'by law.
P&sising othet cars on hills
s, at inte^iiMtionik and
dan^rouB places is hot
only dangerous but is forbidi^
Maneuvering against the Fir.=ii
Army in'i^e final GHQ phase will
be the entire IV Army Corps of
(he Third AAy,, which has al
ready gone through one set of ma
jor manenvers this year, in Ijouisi-
•na and Tennessee. Tlie IV Corps
comprises of the 4th Division (tr!-
angnlar and completely motoriK-
ed); the .31st and 43rd Divisions
(“square,” National Guard); and
thousands of special Corps troops.
Attached to this .“enemy”' fore?
will be the 2nd and .'Ird Armored
Divisions and the Third Air Sup
port Command.
iThe First Air Support Com
mand, which;will cjjordinate wit(»
General Drum’s First Army forc
es, was activated opiy las^t Sep-
Frendendall, II Corps; Maj. Ben.
Karl Truesdell, ,VI Corps. Com
manding the divisions of the First
Army are; Maj. Gen. J". P. Marlev,
8th Division; Maj. Gen. Rene D.
Hoyle, !>th Division; Maj. Gen. H.
D' Russell, .30th Division (Nation
al Guardsmen of N. C., S. C.,
Tenn., Ga.); Maj, Gen. Edward
Martin, 28th Division (National
Guardsmen of Pa.); Brig. Gen.
•Tames I. Muir, 44th Division (Na
tional Guardsmen of N. Y. and N.
J.); Maj, Gen. Milton A. Reckord,
,29th Division (National Guards
men of Va., Pa., Md., and D.. C.).;
Maj. Gen. Donald C. Cubbiaon, 1st
Division; and the 26th (Yankee)
Division, under Maj. Gen. Roger
W. Eckfeldt.
On the night of October 16, tJie U. S. de
stroyer Kearney»procfeding in the North At
lantic off Iceland,' was struck by a tot^^o.
Among the injured was Chief Boatsws&n's
Mate Leonard Frontakowski* His life^.fcde-
p^ded on tjie immediate arrival^ of Ib^pd
plasrtia for an emergency transfusion. Ml^le
another^ destroyer steamed to the side of Jlj??e.
strick^h.Kearney, carrying a naval aurg^n,
a plane loaded with blood plasma. dojiated
by Red Cross volunteers took off from an
undesignated Iceland air basa .
The dramatic story of how the plane drop
ped the precious plasma to the Keamey and
how it saved the life of Leonard iVontakow-
ski has been told in the news columns of the
nation’s press. It is well, however, to stress
that the Red Cross was on the job with tradi
tional promptness. The needs of our sailors
in their dangerous North Atlantic assign
ment were anticipated.
The Red Cross today is appealing to the
nation for membership Support This sup
port is needed so vitally that I^d Cross lead-
■ ers are asking for a membership comparable
'to that of the first World War when more
than 18,000,000 adult Americans expressed
their belief in the Red Cross by becoming
members.
The Kearney catastrophe illustrated but
one of the dramatic ways in whiph the Red
Cross is organizing its forces for the defejise
of our country. Quietly and with little fan
fare, the Red Cross is at work on the home
front as well as the military front. Volun
teers have undertaken scores of important
responsibilities, of which the blood plasma
program is but a single phase.
The Red Cross has started the job of help
ing the Army and Navy strengthen our de
fenses. Today your support is asked. So vi
tal is this challenge, we cannot afford to ne
glect it
'tr ^^
PBOFITABLE
E. D. Wilson, demonstration
farmer of Jacks Crfeek in Yancey
County, is a finn believer that
beef cattle makes a profitable en-
tember. With its 7000 officers, and I management practices are used. (resentatives, and the dozens of re-
Detroit, Nov. 20,'—Field operat
I i*^g programs for an army of more
[than 29,000 Chevroldt service men
in 8,400 dealerships'' from coast icu
doast, previewing plans and poli
cies for 1942, will be the subject
matter for a series 6f eight region*
al conferences to be held in the
next month under the direction of
Ed Hedner, Uational director of
Service for Chevrolet.
A complete review t)f 1641 ser
vice advances and a reinterpreta-
tioh of the setvice min’s role un
der the new conditions Impoped
upon motorists, will share the at
tention of the 45 zone service man-
terprise if proper feeding and agers, eight t%lbnal product rop-
cently appointed military eci vi. c-
managers now working directly
with army personnel. throijighQUt
the country. /-
First of the series of meetings
was held in Plint Monday, nvith
the final si^slon scheduled in Dah-
land, Cal., Dec. 8, Thus, .with the
opening of the new year, CheVro^
let service meh the oountfj jfvef
will have latest factory informa
tion on new, approved service pro
cedures. Heavy emphasis is to be
placed ofi maintenance, as uiotor-
face a future in.whiol| toi'a-
bility and dependabflity be
classed as supreme motor car viiv
tues.